SU1181812A1 - Method of making welded structures - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to welding / melting, concerns the reduction of welded deformations, and can be used in construction, aircraft and shipbuilding. '

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of welded structures, reducing labor costs for their editing by reducing residual deformations, as well as improving the quality of welded joints and reducing labor costs for stripping, by eliminating sub-melts and, in addition, reducing the effort required to bend the edges.

This goal is achieved by the fact that, along the edges of the welding groove, slopes are performed, and forces are applied to the edges on both sides of the moving welding torch to a height of 10 to 50% of the thickness of the parts to be welded, the projections are performed with slopes of 2-10 ° in the direction of the side edges of the lining and the edges of the parts to be welded are bent at the same time prior to pressing them to inclined surfaces, the application of forces is carried out at a distance from protrusions along the edges of the welding groove in the range of 2 to 5 thicknesses of the parts to be welded.

Figure 1 presents the scheme of the welding process; Fig.2 is a view of Λ in Fig.1; fig.Z - diagram of the welding process after application of force,

The method is implemented as follows.

In each of the welded parts 1 and 2 before the butt they drill at the ends of the control - fixing holes 3 and 4, through which they pre-assemble on the fixture, the welding process is carried out on the stainless steel lining 5 using a welding torch 6. The welding lining 5 has a groove 7 and slopes 8 and 9 in the direction of the side edges, which form the projections 10 and 11. The slope value is from 2 to 10 °. The transition to the welding groove is from the side edges with a radius of K = 0.8-1.2 mm. In the process of welding, the pressing of parts 1 and 2 to the welding lining 5 is carried out with the help of a roller clamp consisting of a body 12 with vertical guides, in which the fitting 1812 2

Sliders 13 and 14, with the possibility of independent vertical movement. At the lower ends of the rollers 13 and 14 are hinged free-rotating rollers 15 and 16, mounted at an angle to the sliders. The pressing force on the rollers 15 and 16 is passed through the slide blocks 13 and 14 from the drive mechanism. The joined edges of the parts are pressed with force P from the rollers to the welding lining 5, having projections 10 and 11, and are considered as beams loaded with force P on the shoulder and having supports 10 and 11. In the welding zone, the edges are bent (shown by a dotted line in FIG. In the process of welding due to the burning of the arc, a welding bath 17 is formed, successively moving from the beginning of the joint to its end. In the area of the moving weld pool, using the movable rollers 15 and 16, a force P is applied to the edges of the parts, which rest on the projections 10 and 11 and are bent until they are pressed against the inclined surfaces of the welding lining. In this case, the splash of molten metal melts from the weld pool into the gap between the bottom surface of the part and the welding lining is excluded. The amount of force pressing the edges is selected based on the condition of local bending of the edges in the direction of the welding torch 6 to a height of 10 to 50% of the thickness of the welded parts. The application of force carried out at a distance of 2-5 thickness of the welded parts from the protrusions along the edges of the welding groove 5.

EXAMPLE. A cylindrical shape was made of two pieces of 4000 by 2000 mm each, 4 mm thick at the interface. Material blanks - aluminum alloy 1201.

In parts 1 and 2, drill-down control-fixing holes at the ends of the joint were drilled. Installed parts on the welding lining 5 in the fixture (not shown). Fixing parts 1 and 2 was carried out with pins installed in the cool holes of the welding fixture (not shown). The welding process was performed using a special welding head having pinch rollers 15 and 16 with a separate drive of force on each roller (not shown). Svar3

ku performed in one run with the additive AMGB. Power source VSVU-315. Welding speed 18 m / h, welding current 160 A, arc gap 1.8 mm, helium consumption 20 l / min. Welding lining 5 had a groove 7 with a width of 6 mm, a depth of 1.0 mm and slopes 8 and 9, equal to 3 °. The radius of transition to the welding groove is 1.0 mm. The point of contact of the rollers 15 and 16 with parts 1 and 2 was set at a distance ⁼ 2 mm from the butt axis, with p- = 3 mm. The force on each roller was set to 250 daN. In the process of welding in the area of the moving weld pool, under the action of an applied force, the edges of the parts are bent to the size of 1.0 mm, which was 20% of the thickness of the parts to be welded. After welding rasfikeyrovali product was removed from the device and _n

When applying the proposed method of manufacturing welded structures, the corsetting of a cylindrical product with a length of 4 mM was in the range of 0.2-0.3 mm, i.e. within the permissible value of 1 mm per 1000 mm weld.

When welding according to a known method, the corset is 2-5 mm, i.e. an order of magnitude more. With such a size of corset requires laborious editing. It was established experimentally that the smallest residual deformations are recorded when the joined edges are flexed by an amount of 10 to 50% of the thickness of the parts to be welded. When reducing the amount of lifting edges

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less than 10% residual deformations are essential and subsequent correction is required, an increase in the rise of the edges by more than 40% is inexpedient5, since the opposite is noted

bend after welding. The use of a welding lining with coals less than 2 ° does not provide the required amount of curvature of the edges being welded at 10 maximum possible pressing forces. Increasing slopes of more than 10 ° is impractical because the parts may break due to excessive bending if maxi is turned on, 5 maximum pressing forces. When the forces are positioned at a distance of less than 2 thicknesses of the parts to be welded from the protrusions along the edges of the welding groove, an extremely powerful force drive mechanism is required, which is impractical: when forces are applied at a distance of more than 5 thicknesses of the parts to be welded from the projections along the edges of the groove which in most cases is limited by the geometry of the product or welding equipment.

Using the proposed method of manufacturing welded structures in comparison with the known ones, it is possible to obtain welded structures with minimal deformations without sub-melts and reduce or completely eliminate the labor costs of correcting and cleaning sub-melts, eliminating the operation of bending the edges before welding, as well as the equipment necessary for this.

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Claims (1)

WAY OF MANUFACTURING OF WELDED STRUCTURES, at which the parts are assembled for welding. lining with a groove with the location of the plane of the edges of the edges along the axis of the groove, followed by welding with the application in the welding zone at the edges of the groove efforts in the direction of the groove parallel to the axis of the joint, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of welded structures and reduce labor costs by editing by reducing residual deformations, the edges of the welding lining adjacent to the surface of the welded structures are performed with slopes from 2 to 10 ° in the direction from the groove to the side walls, and efforts are made to the edges of the welded parts at a distance from the edges of the groove, which are from 2 to 5 thicknesses of the welded parts, to a local bend Nia welded edges at a height of from 10 to 502, the thickness of the welded edges. 311,. ,, 1181812 > eleven