SK8696Y1 - A structural system of a roof window - Google Patents

Abstract

A structural system of a roof window comprising a window frame support member (1) and a sash frame support member (2), wherein the roof window is fitted with a glazing unit (7) with one or more glasses and the glazing plane is defined as the exterior surface plane of that glaze of the glazing unit which, when the window is installed in the roof, faces the building exterior, characterized in that the window frame support element (1) is made of thin window frame plates (10) with a thickness of 5 mm to 40 mm and the sash frame support element (2) is made of thin plates (20) with a thickness of 5 mm to 40 mm. The plates (10, 20) are made of a homogeneous or composite material and each of the plates (10, 20) has two main surfaces and all of the plates (10, 20) are oriented so that their main surfaces are perpendicular to the glazing plane or they are approximately perpendicular to the glazing plane and at least one of the plates (10, 20) is covered with at least one heat-insulating profile (3, 4, 5, 6) for at least 50% of at least one of its two main surfaces. The window frame support element (1) preferably consists of 4 window frame plates (10) with rectangular main surfaces perpendicular to the glazing plane and fixedly connected to the rectangular assembly, and the window sash support element (2) consists of at least 4 rectangular wing frame plates (20). the main surfaces perpendicular to the glazing plane and fixedly connected to the rectangular assembly.

Description

Technical field

The technical solution relates to the constant arrangement of the supporting frame for windows used in sloping roofs of buildings, in order to contribute by simple means to the overall very low heat transfer of the window in the roof, in efficient industrial production of windows.

Prior art

Over the years, when the energy properties of glazing units have been constantly improving, window frames have become the worse thermal insulating part of windows. To date, frames have been constructed in several different ways. Solid wooden profiles have sufficient load-bearing capacity if * insufficient thermal insulation properties. The most common are PVC frames with inserted steel reinforcements, where the thermal insulation properties are improved by making the frame hollow with a higher number of air-flow chambers. A less frequent solution is the use of a wooden profile, which is equipped with a thin polyurethane layer in order to improve mainly the surface temperatures at critical points of the window on their interior side, as a prevention against surface condensation of water vapor. The improvement of the insulating properties can also be solved by an additive composition of the frame. An example of an additive composition can be, for example, an aluminum profile - thermal insulation - wood, the materials being introduced in the direction from the exterior to the interior. Such a solution is not yet used for skylights.

The efforts of manufacturers of window plastics and window windows are logically focused on reducing heat transfer in the direction of the shortest interior-exterior connection. In this respect, the frame is also characterized by its heat transfer coefficient. Heat leakage in the direction perpendicular to the interior-exterior link, except in the direction of adjoining structures, is usually not addressed. It presupposes a smooth continuity with thermal insulation layers, which, however, usually cannot apply to sloping roofs.

In the case of roof windows placed in conventionally constructed pitched roofs, it is a significant fact that the outer peripheral surfaces of the window wound are exposed to exterior temperatures. They are in fact in the whole height or almost in their entire height in the area of roofing materials, ie outside the possible connection to the thermal insulation layer of the roof. As a result, the additional heat transfer in the window and roof connection will be significant. This phenomenon is either incorrectly neglected, or additional solutions are sought in the form of added insulating slings from the outside of the window wound, or saprides insulating itself installed in the roof plane, in which the sapotom will place the window. These solutions are either insufficient from. in terms of the required insulation quality, or complicate and increase the cost of window installation.

The essence of the technical solution

These shortcomings are eliminated by the presented technical solution of the roof window construction system, which proposes the placement of thin load-bearing elements inside the profile of the window frame and sash frame so that they can be supplemented on both sides with less statically load-bearing but heat-insulating blanks. to increase the overall width of the window frame and sash frame profile without delay.

The roof window construction system comprises a window frame support element and a sash support element, the roof window being fitted with a glazing unit with one or more panes and the glazing plane being defined as the plane of the exterior surface of the glazing unit seat facing the roof to the roof. exterior of the building. The essence of the technical solution is that the supporting element of the window frame is made of thin plates of the window frame with a thickness from 5 mm to 40 mnr and similarly the supporting element of the sash frame is made of thin plates of the sash frame with a tomb from 5 mm to 40 mm. Said thin plates are of homogeneous or composite material, and each of these plates has two main surfaces, which are defined as the two surfaces with the highest content. All these plates are oriented so that their main surfaces are perpendicular to the glazing plane or are approximately to the glazing plane. perpendicular with a deviation from the perpendicular direction of not more than ± 10 °. It is further essential that at least one of the boards is covered on at least 50% of at least one of its two main surfaces with at least one thermal insulation profile.

In one preferred embodiment, the supporting window frame consists of at least 4 window frame panels with rectangular main surfaces perpendicular to the glazing plane firmly connected to a rectangular assembly so that the main surfaces of the individual window frame panels are either parallel to each other or self-tapping.

It is also advantageous if the window sash support element consists of at least 4 sash frame plates with rectangular main surfaces perpendicular to the plane of the glazing, firmly connected to the rectangular assembly. that the main surfaces of the individual plates of the sash frame are either parallel to each other or perpendicular to each other.

In one preferred embodiment, each of the window frame panels is covered on at least a portion of each of its major surfaces with at least one thermal insulation profile such that the first thermal insulation profiles are located on the first major surfaces of the window frame panels opposite their second major surfaces. ch are

S K 8696 Υ1 placed second thermal insulation profiles.

It is advantageous if the first and second thermal insulation profiles are glued to the window frame plates

In another preferred embodiment, each of the sash frame plates is verified on at least a portion of each of the plurality of major surfaces covered by at least one thermal insulation profile such that the third thermal insulation profiles are located on the first major surfaces of the sash frame plates opposite their second major surfaces. on which the fourth thermal insulation profits are used.

It is advantageous if the third and fourth thermal insulation profiles are fastened to the sash frame plates by heating

It is advantageous if the thermal insulation profiles are provided with a surface treatment in the form of paint, glued wood veneers or glued high-pressure laminate blanks.

In the usual embodiment, the supporting element of the window frame is connected to the supporting element of the sash frame by a window fitting.

In one preferred embodiment, fourth heat-insulating profiles are arranged on the main plates of the sash plates, which face the glazing unit, and which are shaped to fit the glazing unit. It is advantageous if at least some of the panels of the window frame and / or at least some of the panels of the sash frame are formed by wooden plywood or a plastic composite.

In one preferred embodiment, the construction system is also equipped with sealing profiles. The second thermal insulation profiles are arranged on the main surfaces of the window frame plates facing the glazing unit, and the third thermal insulation profiles are arranged on the main surfaces of the sash frame plates which are deflected from the glazing unit. In the second and third thermal insulation gains, teeth and / or grooves are formed in this embodiment for accommodating the sealing profiles.

The construction of the roof window assembled in this way makes it possible to significantly reduce heat leakage in the direction perpendicular to the interior-exterior joint, i. in the direction from the edges of the glazing unit to the adjoining roof structures

Overview of figures in the drawings

The figures show some advantageous arrangements of the construction system with the support part in the middle of the frame profile, including significant details.

In FIG. 1 shows a support part with a roof window formed by joined blanks of thin-film material.

In FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail of a roof window in a section perpendicular to the plane of the glazing.

Examples of embodiments

The following text describes some advantageous embodiments of the technical solution. However, numerous other embodiments are also possible, which fall within the scope of protection of this technical solution and differ from the described variants, for example by the geometry of the arrangement, the method of opening the roof window and the like.

In FIG. 1 shows an assembly of a support element 1 of a window connected in the middle of a window fitting 8 to a support element 2 of a sash frame. The saprite window frame means the fixed part of the window to which the opening part of the window is connected by fittings 8, i. j. wing. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, the supporting element 1 of the window frame is composed of 4 thin plates 10 of the window and the supporting element 2 of the sash is composed of 4 thin plates 20 of the sash. The window fitting 8 in the arrangement according to FIG. 1 allows the roof windows to be pivoted, but in the context of the present technical solution it is possible to use another type of fitting according to the method of opening the roof windows, for example tilting. In FIG. 1, for the sake of clarity, the thermal insulation profiles are not drawn, only the gaps for their fitting are shown. In FIG. 1, the glazing unit 7 is not drawn either, the representation of which would be problematic in this view, its location being better apparent from FIG. Second

More details of one preferred embodiment of the technical solution, including thermal insulation profiles 3, 4, 5, 6, are shown in fig. 2, which corresponds to the section of FIG. 1 in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the glazing, which is simultaneously parallel to the main surfaces of the two shorter panels 10 of the window frame. It should be noted that a section in a plane parallel to the major surfaces of the two shorter panels 10 of the window at this level of detail looks similar to a section in a plane parallel to the major surfaces of the two longer panels 10 of the window frame. The main areas of the boards are defined as the two largest areas of the board, a more detailed definition is below. In FIG. 2 is a section supplemented by the elements which were in FIG. 1 is omitted and is guided by an area where the glazing unit 7 is located and where the fitting is not located. The beveling unit 7 is shown in FIG. 2 shown in one exemplary embodiment. The locking units usually comprise one, typically but two or more panes arranged parallel to one another, with the roof planes of the panes of these panes most often being approximately parallel to the roof plane. The glazing plane s a defines as the plane of the exterior surface of the glass unit of the glazing unit which, after fitting the window to the roof, faces the exterior of the building, see fig. 2. In normal cases, a plane perpendicular to the plane of the glazing may be considered to be a plane which is perpendicular to one of the surfaces of any of the panes of the glazing unit, since these panes are not normally

S K 8696 Υ1 non-parallel and also one glass does not have non-parallel surfaces. Analogously for planes parallel to the glazing plane. In FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention with a wide use of thermal insulation profiles 3, 4, 5, 6. It should be noted that FIG. I and FIG. 2 are only schematic and a specific embodiment of a roof window system according to the present technical solution may comprise more elements and / or elements in a different geometric arrangement than shown in these figures.

According to the technical solution, both the window frame and the sash frame optimally consist of firmly connected load-bearing elements and thermal insulation elements connected to them. The supporting element 1 of the window frame and the supporting element 2 of the sash are in the most preferred embodiment formed by a rectangular assembly of plate blanks with thin walls. The supporting elements 1,2 provide mechanical resistance and shape of the whole frame of the window and the whole sash frame. Elements of the window fitting 8 are fastened to the support elements 1, 2 to ensure its opening. In the most preferred manner, thermal insulation profiles made of a thermal insulation material, usually a rigid polymer, are always glued on both sides of each support element. These ensure that low heat transfer values are achieved.

According to the present technical solution, the supporting element I of the window frame and the supporting element 2 of the sash frame are made of thin board materials, in particular of the panes 10 of the window frame and the panes 20 of the sash, with sufficient load-bearing capacity. As a construction material, it is possible to use multi-layer wooden plywood made of wood veneer, plastic composite or similar thin-walled material. Preferably, at least some of the plate ¹ 10 of the window frame and / or at least some of the plates 20 of the leaf frame made up of wood or plywood plastovýmkompozitom. It is also possible to use other thin, similarly load-bearing board materials. Optionally, different materials can also be layered within one board. Thus, the boards can be homogeneous or composite.

The support element 1 of the window frame is in a preferred embodiment made of. thin panels 10The window pane with a thickness of 5 mm to 40 mm and the like the supporting element 2 of the sash frame is made of thin sash panels 20 of the sash thickness with a thickness of 5 mm to 40 mm. The specific value of the thickness of the sash depends on and may vary from board to board. Sufficient thinness of the board materials while ensuring sufficient load-bearing capacity is important with respect to creating space for mounting thermal insulation profiles as will be illuminated.

Each of the panels 10 of the window frame, as well as the panels 20 of the sash frame, has two main surfaces, which are defined as the two surfaces of a given panel with the largest content of all the surfaces of this panel. Usually, these major surfaces are parallel to each other or approximately parallel to each other and are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the thickness of the respective plate. All boards of the window frame and tárrar sash are oriented in this way. that their principal surfaces are perpendicular to the plane of the glazing or are perpendicular to the plane of the glazing with a maximum deviation of ± 10 ° from the perpendicular direction. Usually, all major surfaces will be almost exactly perpendicular to the plane of the glazing, but deviations given by specific construction solutions are equally possible and, as long as they allow the insertion of thermal insulation profiles according to the following description, also fall within the scope of protection.

To ensure thermal insulation properties in a direction parallel to the plane of the glazing, t. j. in the case of an already installed window approximately in the direction from the glazing unit to the roof structure, at least one of the panels 10, 20 is covered on at least 50% of at least one of its two main surfaces by at least one thermal insulation profile from the thermal insulation profiles marked 3, 4, 5, 6. The installation of these thermal insulation profiles also helps to improve the thermal insulation properties in the direction perpendicular to the reversibility of the glazing, i. j. in the direction from the exterior to the interior of the building. The degree of improvement of the thermal insulation properties depends on the amount, thickness and thermal insulation properties of the thermal insulation profiles. It is clear that the larger the area of the boards 10, 20 to be covered by the thermal insulation profiles and the better the thermal insulation properties of these profiles, the better the thermal insulation properties of the window. However, there are places where the construction of a particular window may not allow the installation of thermal insulation profiles.

It was found that a significant improvement in thermal insulation properties compared to a situation where the window would be made of conventional materials, e.g. made of wood or plastic with a system of air chambers, is achieved already in a configuration where at least 50% of the main surfaces of all boards 10, 20 are covered by some of the thermal insulation profiles 3, 4, 5, 6. In case some places adjacent to the boards 10, 20 are not filled with thermal insulation profiles, these areas are either filled with other materials, e.g. seals, reinforcements, the glazing unit 7, or air, can also be covered by the cover layer towards the exterior, or the supporting elements of the frame and sash of the window can be reinforced in these places by mechanically strong structures. A configuration is also possible in which the window frame plates 10 abut the sash frame plates 20 either directly or via an inserted seal when the window is closed, and the thermal insulation profiles only on the main surfaces of the panels 20 facing the glazing unit and / or only on the main surfaces of the panels 10 facing away from the glazing unit. In this case, the window panes 10 of the window and the sash frames 20 are thicker.

By thermal insulation profile is meant a thermal insulation material, the clone may be homogeneous or composite, and in the case of a composite embodiment it is not necessary for all components of the profile to have thermal insulation properties, it may also contain structures with bonding, adhesive and the like. The thermal insulation profile may also contain cavities. The most preferred material for thermal insulation profits is a solid polymer. Within a given technical solution, it is possible to combine different thermal insulation profiles made of different materials and with different structures. It is advantageous to use thermal insulation profiles with an thermal conductivity of less than 0.045 W / (mK).

S K 8696 Υ1

According to the present solution, it is possible to use a different material for the supporting element 1 of the window frame than for the supporting element 2 of the sash frame, or to combine different materials within the same supporting element, i. j. state e.g. the supporting element 1 of the window frame made of panels 10, which are materially different and can also differ in thickness. Similarly, the support element 2 of the sash frame can be assembled from plates 20, which are materially different and can also differ in thickness. It is essential that the boards meet the condition for load-bearing capacity, due to the size of the window, the type of glazing unit and the expected mechanical stress, with sufficient thinness to create gaps for the insertion of thermal insulation profiles.

In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the supporting element 1 of the window frame consists of 4 plates 10 of a window frame with rectangular main surfaces and of small thickness, firmly connected to a rectangular assembly. It can be seen that in the torrto embodiment the main surfaces of the individual panels 10 of the window frame are either parallel to each other or perpendicular to each other. Similarly, the support element 2 of the sash frame preferably consists of 4 sash plates 20 with rectangular seams. main surfaces and with a small depth, firmly connected into a rectangular assembly. In the torrto embodiment, the main surfaces of the individual plates 20 of the sash frame are either parallel to each other or perpendicular to each other.

However, the presented technical solution can be realized from a different number of boards than 4, as well as for non-rectangular shapes of window frames and sash.

It is advantageous if the two main surfaces are optimally of all the panels 10 of the window frame and / or the two main surfaces are optimally of all the panels 20 of the sash at least partially covered by thermal insulation profiles. One foot example of this embodiment is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the window of FIG. 2. To the right of this image is the glazing unit

7. It can further be seen that the first main surface of the window pane 10 on the side facing away from the glazing unit 7, i.e. on the side which will be close to the adjoining roof structure after the window is fitted, is covered by the first thermal insulation profile 3, which is most advantageous to it. the solution fits. The second main surface of the window frame plate 10, which is opposite to. first and is closer to the creasing unit 7, it is covered with an expensive, heat-insulating profile 4, which in the most preferred embodiment also adjoins it. Similarly, the sash frame plate 20 is also provided with two thermal insulation profiles: the first main surface of this plate is covered on the side facing away from the glazing unit 7 and facing the window frame by a third thermal insulation profile 5 adjoining it in the most advantageous solution. The expensive main surface of the sash frame plate 20, which is opposite to the first one and is closer to the glazing unit 7, is covered by a fourth thermal insulation profile 6, which is adjacent to it in the most advantageous embodiment.

In a similar manner, all the panes 10 of the window frame and / or all the panes 20 of the sash frame can be arranged.

It is advantageous if the thermal insulation profiles 3, 4 are next to the boards. 10 tatni windows fastened by gluing, because the satak does not form any thermal bridges, as would be the case when connected by means of e.g. metal connecting elements, and when the profiles 3, 4 fit tightly against the plates 10 of the window frame. Similarly, it is advantageous if the thermal insulation profiles 5, 6 are also glued to the sash plate 20.

The thermal insulation profiles 3, 4, 5, 6 can also cover other areas of the boards 10, 20 than just the main ones.

In FIG. 2 also shows a preferred mounting of the glazing unit ¹⁷ : the fourth thermal insulation profiles 6, i.e. those located on the main surfaces of the sash frame plates 20 facing the glazing unit 7, are shaped to accommodate the glazing unit 7.

The shaping of the thermal insulation profits 3, 4, 5, 6 is made in such a way that the window frame and the sash frame abut one another in the usual manner when the window is closed, in order to allow the sealing profiles 9 to be fitted. This is also shown in FIG. 2. In order to fit the sealing profiles 9, grooves and / or teeth for forming the sealing profiles 9 are formed in the second thermal insulation profiles 4 and in the third thermal insulation profiles 5, which are profiles located between the window frame plates 10 and the sash frame plates 20.

It is advantageous if the thermal insulation profiles 3, 4, 5, 6 are provided with a surface treatment, which can be formed by a coating system or glued wood veneers, or glued high-pressure laminate blanks, or similar materials.

Various advantageous embodiments can be combined with each other according to the shape and other properties of the window, its mechanical and climatic load and according to the requirements for thermal insulation properties. It is essential that the roof window construction system comprises a window support element 1 of the thin panes 10 of the window frame and a supporting element of the sash frame. thin plates 20 of the wing frame so that the support elements ¹ 1, 2 are sufficiently load-bearing, and at the same time sufficiently thin that at least some of the plates 1G, 20 can be spatially covered by at least part of at least some of their main surfaces with some of the thermal insulation profiles 3, 4, 5. 6 without unduly increasing the overall width of the window frame and sash frame.

S K 8696 Υ1

Industrial applicability

The construction system according to the present technical solution is applicable to any openable windows. The pair of window frame and sash frame, where each of these frames is formed by a set of connected blanks 5 of thin statically load-bearing material, allows easy installation of window fittings while achieving low window heat transfer due to easy addition of effective thermal insulation on both sides of window frame support elements and I break my wings. Due to the optimal continuous placement of the first thermal insulation profiles 3 added from the sulphates of the window frame adjacent to the adjoining roof structure, the overall thermal insulation properties of the built-in window roof are improved, where a known part of the outer surface of the window frame is generally exposed to the exterior environment. The external surface of the sash frame is also exposed to the external environment, the isotization of which is also improved thanks to the presented solution.

Claims (12)

N A R O KY N A G C M R A N U A roof window construction system comprising a window support element (1) and a sash support element (2), the roof window being fitted with a glazing unit (7) with one or more panes and the glazing plane being defined as the plane of the exterior surface of the glazing unit. units which, after fitting the window to the roof, face the exterior of the building, characterized in that the supporting element (1) of the window wound is made of thin panels (10) of the window wound with a thickness of 5 mm to 40 mm and the supporting element (2) the sash frame is made of thin plates (20) of the sash frame with a thickness from 5 mm to 40 mm, the plates (10, 20) being made of a homogeneous or composite material and each of these plates (10, 20) having two the main areas, which are defined as the two areas of the board with the largest content, all the work of the board (10,20) are oriented so that their main areas are perpendicular to the plane of the glazing or are approximately not perpendicular with a deviation from the perpendicular direction of the maximum play of 10 ° and at least one of the boards (10, 20) is covered on at least 50% of at least one of its two main surfaces with at least one thermal insulation profile (3, 4, 5, 6). Roof window construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that the support element (1) consists of 4 window frame plates (10) with rectangular main surfaces perpendicular to the plane of the glazing, firmly connected to the rectangular assembly so that the main surfaces of the individual panels (10) of the window frame are either parallel to each other or are perpendicular to each other. Roof window construction system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the window sash support element (2) consists of at least 4 sash frame plates (20) with rectangular main surfaces kohwmi to the glazing plane, fixedly connected to a rectangular assembly, that the main surfaces of the individual plates (20) of the wing frame are either parallel to each other or are perpendicular to each other. Roof window construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each of the window panels (10) is covered with at least one of its main surfaces at least on one of its main surfaces by at least one thermal insulation profile (3, 4) such that the first thermal insulation profiles (3) are located on the first main surfaces of the window frame panels (10) opposite to their second main surfaces, on which the expensive thermal insulation profiles (4) are located, Roof window construction system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the thermal insulation profiles (3, 4) are glued to the window frame plates (10). Roof window construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each of the sash panels (20) is covered on at least part of each of its main surfaces with at least one thermal insulation profile (5, 6) such that the third thermal insulation profiles (5) are located on the first main surfaces of the sash frame plates (20), opposite to their second main surfaces, on which the fourth thermal insulation profiles (6) are located. Roof window construction system according to Claim 6, characterized in that the thermal insulation profiles (5.6) are concave. boards. (20) wing hinges attached by gluing Roofing construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the thermal insulation profiles (3, 4, 5, 6) are provided with a surface treatment in the form of a coating, glued wood veneers or glued high-pressure laminate blanks. Roof construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the support element (1) of the window frame is connected to the sash support element (2) by a window fitting (8). Roof window construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that fourth heat-insulating profiles (6), which are colored, are arranged on the main surfaces of the sash panels (20) which face the glazing unit (7). are shaped to fit the glazing unit (7). A roof window construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least some of the window frame panels (10) and / or at least some of the sash frame panels (20) are formed by wooden plywood or a plastic composite. A roof window construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is provided with sealing grooves (9) and second thermal insulation profiles (4) are arranged on the main surfaces of the window frame panels (10) facing the glazing unit (7). and on the main surfaces of the sash frame plates (20) facing away from the glazing unit (7), third thermal insulation profiles (5) are arranged, wherein grooves and / or teeth are formed in the thermal insulation profiles (4, 5) for accommodating sealing profiles (9).