SE545833C2

SE545833C2 - Method and apparatus for cell fold adhesion when filling a battery module with thermal paste

Info

Publication number: SE545833C2
Application number: SE2251204A
Authority: SE
Inventors: Christopher Volkmer; Dr -Ing Philipp Kellner; Immanuel Vogel; Sascha Mostofi
Original assignee: Porsche Ag
Priority date: 2021-10-26
Filing date: 2022-10-13
Publication date: 2024-02-13
Also published as: KR20230059738A; SE2251204A1; DE102021127842B4; US20230126900A1; DE102021127842A1; KR102918280B1

Abstract

A method for filling a thermal paste (220) into a battery module comprising a module housing (230) with a cooling wall (221), is described. A pouch cell (110) is formed as a rectangular surface with an edge with a pouch cell thickness. A fold (111) extends along the edge. A stack is formed by a plurality of pouch cells (110). The stack with its stack cooling side is arranged at the cooling wall (221) in the module housing (230). The opening (231 ) is arranged in the cooling wall (221 ). A fold (111 ) of the pouch cell (110) is folded over toward the surface of this pouch cell (110) and glued. The thermal paste (220) is filled in through the at least one opening (231) and the thermal paste (220) spreads homogeneously in the first flow channel.

Description

Method and apparatus for cell fold adhesion when filling a battery module with thermal paste The present invention relates to a method for providing a modular traction battery cooled via a thermal paste and having pouch cells. Furthermore, a battery module is claimed, which allows the method to be carried out.

During charging or discharging operations on battery cells in a traction battery of an electric vehicle, heat generation takes place, which can damage the battery. ln order to ensure a long service life of the battery cells, the battery must therefore be cooled. According to the prior art, such cooling can take place by a separate cooling system with a coolant, for example by attaching a cooling plate to the battery housing. The cooling plate or cooling lines of the cooling system may, for example, be thermally connected to the battery cells via a thermal paste, wherein the thermal paste is located between battery cells and battery housing. Since dissipation of the produced heat is more effective the better the thermal paste encloses the battery cells, the thermal paste should fill the intermediate space as homogeneously as possible and with the inclusion of as few air voids as possible.

One design of the battery cell known in the prior art is the so-called pouch cell, also referred to in German as Taschenzelle [literally: "pocket cell"], in which, for example, a lithium-ion battery in a planarform is welded in between two films. This produces an edge layer, the so-called fold, which surrounds the lithium ion battery and in which the two films are directly connected to one another. The fold is flexible like the two films and can, for example, be bent over in order to better define the spatial extent of the pouch cell.

Publication DE 10 2013 016 618 A1 discloses a battery cell which is welded in between films and which, in a multitude stacked on top of one another, forms a battery. ln order to obtain a defined shape of the stack, a circumferential sealed seam or the fold of the respective battery cells is either rolled up or folded over at least twice at least at one edge region.

Publication DE 10 2015 115 601 A1 describes a battery system in which a respective edge region of a pouch cell is received in a groove of a frame-shaped edge element. The respective edge region of the pouch cell is thermally coupled to the edge element with the aid of a thermal paste.

Publication US 2013 344 372 A1 discloses a body that allows a defined bending of the fold of a pouch cell. Bursting of the fold or tears along the fold are thus avoided. ln light of this, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for providing a traction battery cooled via a thermal paste and having pouch cells, wherein the thermal paste is distributed between the pouch cells and battery housing as homogeneous as possible and with the inclusion of as few air voids as possible. Moreover, an apparatus that allows the method to be carried out is to be provided. ln order to solve, or othen/vise address, the aforementioned object, a method for filling a thermal paste into a battery module is proposed, wherein the battery module comprises a module housing with at least one cooling wall at which a respective cooling plate can be arranged outside the module housing. A respective pouch cell is formed as a rectangular surface with a length and a width and, perpendicularly to the surface, has an edge with a pouch cell thickness, wherein a fold extends along the edge. At least one stack is formed by a plurality of pouch cells uniformly stacked on top of one another on their flat sides. At least one stack cooling side is spanned by a pouch cell longitudinal direction and a stacking direction formed in the direction of stacking. ln the module housing, the at least one stack with its at least one stack cooling side is arranged at the at least one cooling wall. ln the at least one cooling wall, at least one opening is arranged, which lies centrally to the length of the pouch cell, for example. However, a plurality of openings may also be distributed along the pouch cell longitudinal direction. ln proximity to the at least one opening, a fold, extending on the at least one stack cooling side, of at least one pouch cell is folded over toward the surface of this at least one pouch cell and glued. A first flow channel is thereby formed between the stack cooling side and the at least one cooling wall. The thermal paste is filled in through the at least one opening and homogeneously spreads in the first flow channel.

When carrying out the method according to the invention, the thermal paste fills an intermediate space between the at least one stack cooling side and the at least one cooling wall and advantageously thermally bonds the at least one stack of pouch cells to the at least one cooling wall of the battery module. At the outer side of the at least one cooling wall, a respective cooling plate is or is to be thermally contacted so that the pouch cells are cooled via the at least one cooling wall and the thermal paste during operation. ln manufacturing, when the battery module is assembled after the at least one stack of pouch cells with folds bent over and/or glued according to the invention has been arranged in the module housing, the thermal paste is pressed or injected into the module housing. As a result of the formation of the first flow channel according to the invention, the thermal paste spreads advantageously homogeneously and an inclusion of air voids when the thermal paste spreads within the intermediate space is reduced as much as possible, which makes a higher cooling capacity possible overall. Further advantageously, a high rapid charging and discharging capacity of the battery module or of a traction battery having such battery modules thus also results.

As is known from flow mechanics, flat bodies in the flow field experience a torque which places them transversely to the flow direction. When filling the thermal paste into the intermediate space, a fold that is only bent over but not further fixed to form the first flow channel would therefore straighten up again and stand transversely to the flow direction of the thermal paste, thereby constricting the first flow channel. A uniform distribution of the thermal paste in the stacking direction would thus be more difficult, which disadvantageously leads to pore formation in the intermediate space and results in a worse cooling capacity. However, by the adhesion of the bent-over fold according to the invention, the fold undesirably standing up when the thermal paste is filled in is advantageously prevented and the first ﬂow channel for the thermal paste in the stacking direction is ensured.

The respective cooling plate is connected to, for example, a cooling system of an electrical traction system and is integrated in the cooling circuit thereof. The electrical traction system is, for example, a drive of an electric vehicle or of a hybrid vehicle driven at least in part electrically. The cooling system comprises, for example, a Cooler ventilated with a cooling air, and a coolant pump. The cooling air is formed, for example, by the airﬂow of a moving electric vehicle.

Thermal contact of the respective cooling plate with the at least one cooling wall may be aided, for example, by a planar application of the cooling paste between the respective cooling plate and the at least one cooling wall ofthe battery module. ln a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the battery module comprises two cooling walls on opposite sides of the battery module, in which the intermediate space to the at least one stack of pouch cells arranged within the battery module is respectively filled with thermal paste. ln a type of sandwich structure, respective cooling plates are arranged on both cooling walls, wherein it is conceivable that a further battery module can be arranged on the respectively free side of the cooling plate. A plurality of combinations of battery modules and cooling plates may, for example, be assembled in a battery box to form a battery system that is part of the electrical traction system. However, it is also conceivable that the cooling wall of the battery module is thermally contacted with a wall of the battery box and that a cooling plate is arranged externally on the wall of the battery box. ln one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first flow channel is formed in the stacking direction and orthogonally to the pouch cell longitudinal direction by taping the folds and by hollowing out the stack-side cooling wall. ln a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, a respective fold is glued individually to its respective pouch cell. ln another embodiment of the method according to the invention, a respective fold is taped in a group with further folds with an adhesive tape arranged along the stacking direction. ln a still further embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least one second flow channel is formed orthogonally to the first flow channel by additionally bending over and taping at least one fold along the pouch cell longitudinal direction. ln a continued yet further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first flow channel is formed with a larger volume than the second flow channel by more narrowly taping and/or more strongly hollowing out the stack-side cooling wall. As a result, the thermal paste spreads first in the first flow channel and subsequently in the second flow channel during filling.

Furthermore, a battery module is claimed, wherein the battery module comprises a module housing with at least one cooling wall at which a cooling plate can be arranged outside the module housing. A respective pouch cell is formed as a rectangular surface with a length and a width and, perpendicularly to the surface, has an edge with a pouch cell thickness, wherein a fold extends along the edge. At least one stack is formed by a plurality of pouch cells uniformly stacked on top of one another on their planar sides. At least one stack cooling side is spanned by a pouch cell longitudinal direction and a stacking direction formed in the direction of stacking. ln the module housing, the at least one stack with its at least one stack cooling side is arranged at the at least one cooling wall. ln the at least one cooling wall, at least one opening is arranged, which lies centrally to the length of the pouch cell, for example. However, a plurality of openings may also be distributed along the pouch cell longitudinal direction. ln proximity to the at least one opening, a fold, extending on the at least one stack cooling side, of at least one pouch cell is folded over toward the surface of this at least one pouch cell and glued. A first flow channel is thereby formed between the at least one stack cooling side and the at least one cooling wall. The thermal paste can be filled in through the at least one opening, wherein the first flow channel is configured such that the thermal paste spreads homogeneously between the at least one stack cooling side and the at least one cooling wall. ln one embodiment of the battery module according to the invention, the first flow channel is formed in the stacking direction and orthogonally to the pouch cell longitudinal direction by taping the folds and by hollowing out the stack-side cooling wall. ln a further embodiment of the battery module according to the invention, a respective fold is individually glued to its respective pouch cell. ln another embodiment of the battery module according to the invention, a respective fold is taped in a group with further folds with an adhesive tape arranged along the stacking direction. ln a still further embodiment of the battery module according to the invention, at least one second flow channel is formed orthogonally to the first flow channel by additionally bending over and taping at least one fold along the pouch cell longitudinal direction. ln a continued yet further embodiment of the battery module according to the invention, the first flow channel is formed with a larger volume than the second flow channel by more narrowly taping and/or more strongly hollowing out the stack-side cooling wall. The first flow channel and the second flow channel are thereby configured such that when the thermal paste is filled in, the latter spreads first in the first flow channel and subsequently in the second flow channel.

Additional advantages and embodiments of the invention result from the description and the enclosed drawing. lt goes without saying that the features mentioned above and the features yet to be explained below can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or alone, without leaving the scope of the present invenüon.

The figures are described contiguously and comprehensively, and the same components are associated with the same reference numbers.

Figure 1 schematically shows a perspective representation of a pouch cell in one embodiment of the method according to the invention.

Figure 2 schematically shows a sectional view through a battery module in a further embodiment of the method according to the invention.

Figure 3 schematically shows a phantom view through the battery module from above in a still further embodiment of the method according to the invention.

Figure 1 schematically shows a perspective representation 100 of a pouch cell 110 in one embodiment of the method according to the invention. The pouch cell 110, which is formed primarily planarly in a pouch cell longitudinal direction 102 and in the direction ofa pouch cell width 103, can be arranged together with identically formed pouch cells 110 to form a stack perpendicularly to its planar extent, i.e., in a direction along its pouch cell thickness, so to speak in the stacking direction 101. At its lower and upper edges along the pouch cell longitudinal direction, there respectively are a lower connecting lug 112 and an upper connecting lug to a battery welded within the pouch cell 110. A circumferential weld seam along the planar extent of the pouch cell 110 forms a fold 111. Centrally to the longitudinal extent of the pouch cell 110, the fold 111 is bent over and fixed to the pouch cell 110 by means of an adhesive tape Figure 2 schematically shows a sectional view 200 through a battery module in a further embodiment of the method according to the invention. A plurality of pouch cells 110 are arranged in a row in the stacking direction 101 within a module housing 230. The module housing 230 comprises a connecting plate 232, and upward and downward a respective cooling wall 221 on which a respective cooling plate with cooling fins 240 and a cooling system connector 241 are arranged. Filling openings 231, through which a thermal paste 220 is filled in prior to arranging the cooling plate with the cooling fins 240, are placed in the cooling wall 221. The thermal paste 220 fills an intermediate space between the pouch cells 110 and the respective cooling walls 221 of the module housing 230. ln order to ensure according to the invention a first and a second flow channel for the thermal paste 220, the respective fold 111 of the pouch cells 110 is bent over and fixed with an adhesive tape 114. According to the invention, the fixing prevents the respective folds 111 from standing up when the thermal paste 220 flows in. The fixing of the respective folds 111 according to the invention by a respective adhesive tape 114 for unhindered conduction of the thermal paste 220 is illustrated enlarged in the diagram Figure 3 schematically shows a phantom view 300 through the battery module with connecting plate 232 and connecting web 333 from above in a still further embodiment of the method according to the invention. Here, a respective adhesive tape 314 is guided centrally to the extent of the pouch cells 110 in the longitudinal direction 102 over the respective stack of pouch cells 110 in order to fix the respectively bent-over folds and to form a first flow channel. Advantageously, the respective filling opening 231 is arranged above the respective adhesive tape 314. Starting from the respective filling openings 231, the filled thermal paste in the first flow channel 301 first flows parallel to the stacking direction 101 in order to subsequently spread in the respective second flow channel 302 along the longitudinal direction 102 of the pouch cells As will be appreciated, modifications and other variants of the described embodiments will come to mind to one skilled in the art having benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing description and associated drawings. Furthermore, although specific terms may be employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, a person skilled in the art would recognize numerous variations to the described embodiments that would still fall within the scope of the appended claims. As used herein, the terms "comprise/comprises" or "include/includes" do not exclude the presence of other elements or steps. Furthermore, although individual features may be included in different claims, these may possibly advantageously be combined, and the inclusion of different claims does not imply that a combination of features is not feasible and/or advantageous. ln addition, singular references do not exclude a plurality.

Claims

Claims A method for filling a thermal paste (220) into a battery module, wherein the battery module comprises a module housing (230) with at least one cooling wall (221 ), at which a cooling plate (240) can be arranged outside the module housing (230), in which a respective pouch cell (110) is formed as a rectangular surface with a length and a width and, perpendicularly to the surface, has an edge with a pouch cell thickness, and a fold (111) extends along the edge, in which at least one stack is formed by a plurality of pouch cells (110) uniformly stacked on top of one another on their planar sides, in which at least one stack cooling side is spanned by the pouch cell longitudinal direction (102) and a stacking direction (101) formed in the direction of stacking, in which the at least one stack with its at least one stack cooling side is arranged at the at least one cooling wall (221) in the module housing (230), wherein at least one opening (231) is arranged in the at least one cooling wall (221), wherein, in proximity to the at least one opening (231 ), a fold (111), extending on the at least one stack cooling side, of at least one pouch cell (110) is folded over toward the surface of this at least one pouch cell (110) and gluedgg; "_ thereby forming a first flow channel (301) between the at least one stack cooling side and the at least one cooling wall (221), and wherein the thermal paste (220) is filled in through the at least one opening (231) and the thermal paste (220) spreads homogeneously in the first flow channel (301 ). The method according to Claim 1, in which the first flow channel (301) is formed in the stacking direction (101) and orthogonally to the pouch cell t least one fold (1

1. \^~-\:~- ~~-;~^~«~w .» ~-: ~~.\^~«~\ ^\:-\.~=~= -wni-w »w .Mwfww ~~-«~\~- :*.\«'.~^. \ _. . . . _ _ ~\ »Mt .- \_.\.« .m-.G “om (mk. . _.. longitudinal direction (102) by taping the a ..\.\ w . ._ \. .\.« \...\.\ .. \.~ The method according to one of the preceding claims, in which a respective fold (111) is individually glued to its respective pouch cell (110). The method according to one of Claims 1 or 2, in which a respective fold (111) is taped in a group with further folds (111) with an adhesive tape (114) arranged along the stacking direction (101 ). The method according to one of , in which at least one second flow channel (302) is formed orthogonally to the first flow channel (301) by additionally bending over and taping at least one fold (111) along the pouch cell longitudinal direction (102). The method according to Claim 5, in which the first flow channel (301) is formed with a larger volume than the second flow channel (302) by more narrowly taping fi: :*;\.:_,f*~^: ;:à:~'~*:f^t “r x (_ __ . the stack-side cooling wall (221), whereby, when the thermal paste (220) is filled in, the latter spreads first in the first flow channel (301) and subsequently in the second flow channel (302). A battery module wherein the battery module comprises a module housing (230) with at least one cooling wall (221), at which cooling plate (240) can be arranged outside the module housing (230), in which a respective pouch cell (110) is formed as a rectangular surface with a length and a width and, perpendicularly to the surface, has an edge with a pouch cell thickness, and a fold (111) extends along the edge, in which at least one stack is formed by a plurality of pouch cells (110) uniformly stacked on top of one another on their planar sides, in which at least one stack cooling side is spanned by the pouch cell longitudinal direction (102) and a stacking direction (101) formed in the direction of stacking, in which the at least one stack with its at least one stack cooling side is arranged at the at least one cooling wall (221) in the module housing (230), wherein at least one opening (231) is arranged in the at least one cooling wall (221 ), wherein, in proximity to the at least one opening (231 ), a fold (111), extending on the at least one stack cooling side, of at least one pouch cell (110) is folded over toward the surface of this at least one pouch cell (110) and glued, thereby forming a first flow channel (301) between the at least one stack cooling side and the at least one cooling wall (221), and wherein the thermal paste (220) can be filled in through the at least one opening (231), and wherein the first flow channel (301) is configured such that the thermal paste (220) spreads homogeneously. The battery module according to Claim 7, in which the first flow channel (301) is formed in the stacking direction (101) and orthogonally to the pouch cell longitudinal direction (102) by taping the at least one fold The battery module according to Claim 7 or 8, in which a respective fold (111) is individually glued to its respective pouch cell (114). The battery module according to Claim 7 or 8, in which a respective fold (111) is taped in a group with further folds (111) with an adhesive tape (114) arranged along the stacking direction (101 ). The battery module according to one of Claims 7 to 10, in which at least one second flow channel (302) is formed orthogonally to the first flow channel (301) by additionally bending over and taping at least one fold (111) along the pouch cell longitudinal direction (102). The battery module according to Claim 11, in which the first flow channel (301) is formed with a larger volume than the second flow channel (302) by more narrowly taping ::t*t°>í:':,t* :ir :~:¿¿EV_= š^ﬁ:ïï^ïf~f~'íﬁ'w¿j; 'xigï the stack-side cooling wall (221), whereby the first flow channel (301) and the second flow channel (302) are configured such that, when the thermal paste (220) is filled in, the latter spreads first in the first flow channel (301) and subsequently in the second flow channel (302).