RU7563U1 - GENERATOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The voltage regulator of the generator, comprising a measuring body connected between the first and second power outputs, a power transistor switch connected between the second power output and the output terminal of the device, connected to the first power output through the back-connected first diode, an intermediate transistor connected to an emitter-collector transition parallel to the control input of the power transistor switch, the base to the output of the measuring body, the emitter to the second power output, the collector through a current-limiting th circuit - to the first power output, a flexible feedback unit connected by the input output to the output terminal of the device, the output output - with the base of the intermediate transistor, parametric output through the reverse connected second diode - with the second power output, characterized in that it is additionally introduced a capacitor, a resistor and a third diode, a resistor connected to the collector of an intermediate transistor by one output, and a second power supply via a directly connected third diode, to the second power output, the connection point of the resistor and a third its diode is connected to the base of the intermediate transistor through a capacitor. 2. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication circuit of the parametric output of the flexible feedback unit with the second power output is made in the form of a second diode, a limiting resistor and a control input of a power transistor key connected in series.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electrot; vtsshki, namely, devices that are bundled with current generators, and designed to maintain a constant voltage in the power supply network of cars, tractors and other autonomous objects.

Known devices for regulating the voltage of a valve generator, containing a measuring body, a power transistor switch, transistor controls and protection against short circuits of the excitation excitation of the generator / 1,2 /.

The most bizarre technical solution chosen as a prototype is a generator voltage regulator / 2 /, containing a measuring organ connected between the first and second power leads, a power tranche switch, connected to the second power lead and the regulator output connected to the first power lead through reverse-connected first diode, intermediate transformer, elevated by emitter-collector GENERATOR VOLTAGE

by a passage parallel to the control input of the power transiator key, the base to the output of the measuring organ, the emitter to the second power output, the collector through the current-limiting circuit to the first power output, the transistor assembly of the flexible feedback link connected to the output output of the device, the output output is about the base of the intermediate transistor, with a parametric output through the cells, the second diode is back on - from the second 1 1 power output.

Known voltage regulator has the disadvantage consisting in the following.

The principle of protecting the power transistor switch against current overloads implemented in the device is based on the use of the inductance of the external power supply circuit / inductance of the connecting wires, the inductance component of the battery, etc. / without exceeding, for example, 20 μH. In connection with this, in order to obtain the necessary reaction of the indicated inductance, the current pulses in the output circuit of the controller must sweep a steep leading edge. This circumstance is the cause of the excitation of radio interference, having the highest level in the long wavelength range, when the voltage regulator is operating in normal operating conditions with a switching frequency of the power transistor switch /30...300/ Hz,

The inventive utility model is aimed at reducing the level of interference caused by a voltage regulator when switching a power transistor switch.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the generator voltage regulator containing a measuring body connected between the first and second power leads, a power transistor switch is connected between the second power supply and the output terminal of the device connected to the first power output through the first diode connected back to the intermediate a transistor connected by an emitter-collector junction parallel to the control input of the power transistor switch, the base to the output of the measuring body, the emitter to the second the power output, the collector through the current-limiting circuit, to the first power output, the flexible feedback unit connected by the input output to the output terminal of the device, the output output - with the base of the intermediate transistor, the parametric output through the back-connected second diode - with the second power output, a capacitor is introduced, resistor and third diode, resistor one-way / i pin

connected to the collector of the intermediate transistor, another third diode connected to the second power supply terminal, and the connection point of the resistor I of the third diode is connected to the base of the intermediate transistor through a capacitor,

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the voltage regulator of the generator.

The voltage regulator includes the following elements. Measuring organ I connected between the first lug 2 and the second 3 power leads. A power transistor switch 4 connected between the second power supply terminal 3 and an output terminal 5 of the device, connected to the first power output 2 through the first diode 6 connected backward. A transistor 7 connected by an emitter-collector junction parallel to the control input of the power transistor switch 4, base - to the output of the measuring body I, by the emitter to the second power output 3, and the collector through the first resistor 8 to the first power output 2. Flexible feedback capacitor unit 9 in the form of a serial circuit Pg «P3

pi from the first capacitor 10 and the second resonator II connected to the free output of the capacitor 10 to the output terminal 5 of the device, the free output of the second resistor II to the base of the intermediate transistor 7, the connection point of the first capacitor 10 and the second resistor II, which is a parametric output of the flexible feedback unit 9 , through the reverse connected second diode 12 to the second power output 3. The third resistor 13, connected by one terminal to the collector of the intermediate transistor 7, by another terminal through a directly connected third diode 14, is connected to the second power supply 3. The second capacitor 15 connected between the base of the intermediate transistor 7 and the connection point of the third resistor 13 and the third diode 14,

The device operates as follows. When the generator is stopped, the power transistor switch 4 is open, and a current is limited in the excitation winding circuit, limited by its active resistance. When the generator rotational speed increases, the voltage between the power terminals 2,3 rises and when its value is slightly higher than the nominal level, the output current of the measuring organ I sharply increases and opens the intermediate transistor 7. The power transistor switch 4 closes, and the current in the field winding circuit closes through the first diode 6, decreases exponentially. The voltage between the terminals 2,3 of the supply decreases and when its value is slightly less than the absolute level, the output current of the measuring organ I sharply decreases. In this case, the intermediate transistor 7 closes, and the power transistor switch 4 opens. The voltage between the power terminals 2,3 rises again; Further, the process proceeds similarly to the above, as a result of which the voltage of the generator

maintained at par.

In the anomalous short circuit mode of the excitation winding of the generator, the controller operates as a relaxation generator with a large duty cycle of current pulses E of the power transistor switch circuit 4.

The principle of operation of the regulator in the specified anomalous mode is as follows.

When the excitation winding of the generator is closed, for example, at the moment of the open state of the power transistor switch 4, the last after the transition process B of the power supply circuit /10, ..15/mkC goes into the linear gain mode, accompanied by an increase in voltage between the output terminal 5 of the device and output 3 of the power supply . In this case, in the serial circuit, the first capacitor 10, the second resistor II, injects a charging current that opens the intermediate transistor 7. In the controller circuit, a short-term regenerative process occurs, after which the power transistor switch 4 turns into a stable closed state, and the intermediate transistor 7 - into an open . In this state, the circuit is for a sufficiently long time, for example, / 3, 4 / ms, depending on the time constant of the charging circuit of the first capacitor 10. After the first capacitor 10 is charged to a voltage at which the current in the base circuit of the intermediate transistor 7 becomes insufficient to keep it open, the intermediate transistor 7 is closed, and the power transistor switch 4 is opened. In the controller circuit, a short-term regenerative process again occurs, after which the power transistor switch 4 goes into the open state, and the intermediate transistor 7 into the closed state. In this case, the first capacitor 10

quickly discharges at a price: power transistor switch 4 is the second diode 12. This circuit state is unstable, and its duration /10...15/kzhC depends on the inductance of the external power supply circuit / inductance of the connecting wires, the inductive component of the battery, etc. /. After the end of the transient process in the power circuit, the power transistor switch 4 switches to the linear amplification mode, accompanied by an increase in voltage between the output terminal 5 of the device and the power output 3. Next, lay; ess is repeated similarly to the above, as a result of which stable self-oscillations appear in the circuit. In this case, a pulsed current flows in the output circuit of the power transistor switch 4, the average value of which at a time constant of the charging circuit of the first capacitor 10 is much larger than the time constant of the discharge circuit, it is negligible and does not have any destructive effect on the power transistor switch 4.

After the indicated circuit is removed, the voltage regulator is automatically switched on.

Reducing the level of interference caused by the voltage regulator in normal operation is carried out using the second co1-1dnsnator 15, the third resistor 13 and the third diode 14 by stretching the leading and trailing edges of the current pulses in the input and, respectively, in the output circuits of the power transistor switch 4.

These elements form a non-linear negative feedback circuit connected between the collector and the base of the intermediate transistor 7.

The execution of the negative feedback circuit in the form of a nonlinear voltage divider on the third resistor 13 and the third diode 14, connected by the middle tap to the base of the intermediate transistor 7 through the differentiating second capacitor 15. is connected with the resolution of the contradiction, the essence of which is as follows.

Under normal operating conditions, the edges of the current pulses in the output circuit of the power transistor switch 4 must be sufficiently flat to reduce the level of radio noise. However, with a gentle rising edge, the inductance response of the external power circuit is significantly weakened and the process of occurrence of self-oscillations in the regulator circuit in the abnormal closure of the excitation winding of the generator is significantly reduced. This contradiction is resolved by the nonlinear feedback circuit as follows.

Taking into account the known direct dependence of the collector voltage of the intermediate transistor on the current in the output circuit of the power transistor switch 4, the value of the third resistor 13 is also chosen so that in normal operating conditions the voltage on the third diode 14 does not reach a significant limitation, and in an anomalous rheumatic circuit of the generator excitation winding it reaches . As a result, in normal operating modes, the non-linear negative feedback circuit operates during the entire time of formation of the edges of the current pulses in the output circuit of the power transistor switch 4, ensuring their required duration. In the anomalous mode of closing the excitation winding of the generator, the nonlinear negative feedback circuit acts only at the initial stage of formation of the leading edge of the current pulse. Because of the nonlinearity of the current-voltage characteristics of the third diode 13, the voltage increase on it stops and, accordingly, the current in the circuit of the second capacitor 15 stops.

This is equivalent to a short-term DO ... 15 / μS open circuit of the nonlinear negative feedback loop, sufficient in time for the current in the output circuit of the power transistor switch 4 to jump up to a value providing the required inductance response of the external power circuit and excitation in the regulator circuit of stable self-oscillations.

Figure 2 presents a diagram of a voltage regulator in which the excitation winding of the generator is connected to the positive power terminal.

The principle of operation of this circuit is similar to the circuit depicted in figure 1. Its distinctive feature is that the intermediate transistor 7 is made in the form of a composite transistor. The first resistor 8 is connected to the first power output 2 through a diode, and the paracritical output of the flexible feedback unit 9 is connected to the second power output 3 through the second diode 12 connected in series, a limiting resistor, and a base-emitter junction of the power transistor switch 4.

Thus, introducing a capacitor, a resistor, and a third diode, connecting a resistor with one output to the collector of an intermediate transistor, another output through a drawn third diode, to the second power output, as well as connecting the connection point of the resistor and the third diode to the base of the intermediate transistor through the capacitor is beneficial distinguishes the claimed device from the known one, since it allows to substantially reduce the interference of radio waves excited by the voltage regulator without reducing its reliability in the anomalous mode for excitation winding generator.

Laboratory and operational tests carried out by JSC Avtoelektronika in conjunction with GAZ, showed1 the high reliability of the inventive voltage regulator and the possibility of its use in both trucks and cars.

Sources of information:

1.Aut. ovid. USSR No. 762123, class H 02 P 9/30, HER. 1980 year

2.Aut. testimonial. USSR Zh157639, class H 02 P 9/30. HER H9. 1985

Claims (2)

1. The voltage regulator of the generator, comprising a measuring body connected between the first and second power outputs, a power transistor switch connected between the second power output and the output terminal of the device, connected to the first power output through the back-connected first diode, an intermediate transistor connected to an emitter-collector transition parallel to the control input of the power transistor switch, the base to the output of the measuring body, the emitter to the second power output, the collector through a current-limiting th circuit - to the first power output, a flexible feedback unit connected by the input output to the output terminal of the device, the output output - with the base of the intermediate transistor, parametric output through the reverse connected second diode - with the second power output, characterized in that it is additionally introduced a capacitor, a resistor and a third diode, a resistor connected to the collector of an intermediate transistor by one output, and a second power supply via a directly connected third diode, to the second power output, the connection point of the resistor and a third its diode is connected to the base of the intermediate transistor through a capacitor. 2. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication circuit of the parametric output of the flexible feedback unit with the second power output is made in the form of a second diode, a limiting resistor and a control input of a power transistor key connected in series.