RU66373U1 - LOW BUILDING - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed technical solution e can be used in low-rise construction such as cottages, cottages, garages and other objects in the countryside. It contains walls 6, 7 with a monolithic reinforced concrete belt 13, inner walls represented by columns 5 "b" and 5 "c" with their sheets 28 (Fig. 5), foundations 1-3. The difference between the declared low-rise structure and the known ones is that the internal walls are made in the form of a row of columns 5 "b", 5 "c" connected from above by a monolithic reinforced concrete belt 14 connected to a similar monolithic belt 13 of the outer wall 6, 7, and from the side by sheet material 28 (figure 5), and the space between the columns 5 "b", 5 "c" made in the form of built-in cabinets and niches. In addition, at the intersection of the inner walls with each other and with the outer walls around the perimeter of the cross-section of columns 5 "a", 5 "b", 5 "c", 2 to 4 columns of brick 9 are installed, forming a fixed formwork when concreting columns 5. 3 dependent formula formulas, 9 illustrations.

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular, to the construction of buildings with a supporting frame and can be used in the construction of low-rise buildings, for example, cottages, summer residences, garages, etc.

Structures of low-rise buildings are known, containing external walls with a monolithic reinforced concrete belt, foundations and ceilings (see the book. RN Yakovlev. New construction methods. TISE technology. Adelant LLC, 2005, pp. 363-365).

The closest analogue to the claimed technical solution is the low-rise structure described there (see p. 262, Fig. 8.27). The specified low-rise structure contains external walls with a monolithic reinforced concrete belt, internal walls and foundations. Internal capital walls, as a rule, are made of bricks and other small-sized stones.

The disadvantage of an analogue is the increased construction costs.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution will be to reduce costs, as well as the ability to get additional space inside the building while maintaining its strength as a whole.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known low-rise building containing external walls with a monolithic reinforced concrete belt, internal walls and foundations, internal walls are made in the form of a row

columns connected from above by a monolithic reinforced concrete belt connected to a similar belt of the outer wall, and from the side by sheet materials, and the space between the columns is made in the form of built-in cabinets and niches.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that at the intersection of the inner walls there are columns along the perimeter of the section of which four columns of brick are installed, forming its fixed formwork.

The technical result is further achieved by the fact that at the intersection of the inner walls with the outer, around the column are installed three columns of brick connected with it.

In addition, the technical result is achieved by the fact that the intermediate columns have two associated brick columns.

These improvements allow, without reducing the strength of the building as a whole, to save money during construction, as well as to obtain additional space in the form of cabinets and niches. At the same time, the possibilities of design decisions in the decoration of premises are increasing.

Below is an example of the implementation of the claimed technical solution of the utility model, illustrated by the drawings, where Fig.1 shows a building plan with the layout of the columns; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 - node "A" in figure 1; figure 4 - node "B" in figure 1; figure 5 - node "In" in figure 1; figure 6 shows the formwork for forming intermediate columns; 7

Shown is the formwork for forming the central columns 5; in Fig.8 is a section bB in Fig.2; Fig.9 is a section bb in Fig.1.

A low-rise building, for example, a cottage, consists of a foundation 1, located around the perimeter of the building, foundation 2 along its central axis and foundation 3 (Fig. 1).

Foundations 1-3 are reinforced and reinforcing rods 4 are located in them at the locations of the columns 5 (figure 2). Along the perimeter of the building are longitudinal 6 and transverse 7 walls made of 120 mm thick brick, reinforced with masonry mesh 8 with a mesh of 50 × 50 mm from a wire with a diameter of 4 mm (Fig. 9).

Depending on the location of the columns 5, columns 9 of brick are used to form them from heavy concrete. The number of columns at the intersection of the inner walls is 4, at the ligament with the outer wall - 3, at the intermediate column - 2. The columns are connected to each other by reinforcing mesh 10 through 400-500 mm along the height of the column 5. Also, the columns 9 are connected by flexible connections 11 with longitudinal and transverse walls 6, 7 (Fig. 8.2).

In places of formation of cold bridges between the walls 6, 7 columns 5 and columns 9 is installed insulation 12 (figure 5). Columns 5 "a" located along the perimeter of the building are joined by a monolithic reinforced concrete belt 13 (Fig. 2), columns 5 "b" along the central axis of the building - a monolithic belt 14, columns 5 "c" under the partitions 15 - a monolithic belt 16.

Columns 5a, b, c, monolithic belts 13, 14, 16 are combined into a single frame system capable of absorbing forces from ceilings, coatings, walls, heat insulation, wind and snow loads. Between the monolithic belt 13 and the walls 6, 7 there is an insulating element 17 (Fig. 2) made of monolithic foam concrete with a bulk weight of 200 kg / m ³ .

Columns 5 are reinforced with longitudinal reinforcement 18 and clamps 19. Formation of intermediate columns 5 "in" inside the building is carried out as follows, brick columns 9 are installed on both sides of columns 5 "in", which are interconnected by reinforcing meshes 10. In the space honey columns 9 are installed longitudinal reinforcement 18 with clamps 19. Shields of formwork 20 are installed to columns 9 (Fig. 6), which are tightly pressed against columns 9 using rods 21 with nuts 22. The space thus formed is filled with heavy concrete. At the intersection of the foundations 2, 3, the column 5 "b" is formed as follows. On the perimeter of column 5 "b" 4 columns of brick are laid out, reinforcement 18 and clamps 19 are also installed. coupling bolts 25 provided with nuts 26 and wedges 27 (Fig. 7). In this way, formwork is created and column 5 "b" is formed. Column 5 "a" is formed in a similar way at the intersection of foundations 1 with foundations 2, 3 (Fig. 5). Here, three columns of brick are installed.

For rational use of the space between columns 5, a, b, c, on the one hand, sheathed with sheet material 28. Built-in furniture, radio-television and video equipment, aquariums, light panels can be used. The field for design decisions is wide.

For thermal insulation of the outer walls 6, 7 into the space between them; columns 9, columns 5 "a" and gypsum sheets 29 are supplied with foam concrete with a bulk weight of 300 kg / m ³ , forming insulation 30.

Between the monolithic belts 13 and 14, ceiling structures 31 are installed. For fastening the fibrous sheets 29, a frame is created from lightweight metal profiles, guide profiles 32, attached by anchors 33 to the foundation 1 and the monolithic belt 13, and rack profiles 34 installed in the guide profiles 32 and fixed they are self-tapping screws 35. Connecting elements 36 are fixed to the strut profiles 34 with self-tapping screws 35, which are secured by their second end to the masonry net 8 (Fig. 9).

Thus, a frame system is created, to which gypsum-fiber sheets 29 are attached with screws 35 and a monolithic foam concrete with a volume weight of 300 kg / m ³ is fed into the space between walls 6, 7, columns 9, columns 5 "a", gypsum-fiber sheets 29.

The proposed technical solution significantly reduces the cost of constructing low-rise buildings, while ensuring sufficient strength and increasing the usable area.

Claims (4)

1. Low-rise structure containing external walls with a monolithic reinforced concrete belt, internal walls and foundations, characterized in that the internal walls are made in the form of a series of columns connected from above by a monolithic reinforced concrete belt connected to a similar belt of the external wall, and on the side - sheet materials, and the space between the columns is made in the form of built-in cabinets and niches. 2. Low-rise building according to claim 1, characterized in that at the intersection of the inner walls there are columns, along the perimeter of the section of which are four columns of brick, forming a fixed formwork. 3. Low-rise building according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that three columns of brick are installed at the intersection of the inner walls with the outer walls around the columns. 4. The low-rise structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate columns have two associated brick columns.