RU62211U1 - BURNER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of energy, and specifically, to burners for burning liquid fuel and is intended for use in power plants of low thermal power and allows to increase the completeness of combustion of liquid fuel by intensifying the combustion process, increasing the power and efficiency of the burner device in a wide range of operation by thermal power. The burner device comprises a combustion chamber 1 installed in the housing 2 with the formation of the annular channel 3 enclosing it with a closed outlet end 7 and in communication with the air supply system through the pipe 4. The combustion chamber 1 has two rows of openings 5 and 6 located on its side surface. The first row of holes 5 is located near the evaporation element. The second row of holes 6 is located near the outlet section of the combustion chamber. The evaporation element 8 is made flat, located on the entire surface of the front end wall of the combustion chamber 1 and has a central hole 9. At the entrance to the combustion chamber, there is an ignition element 11 installed in the pre-ignition chamber 12, in which there is an opening 13 for supplying air to it. At the outlet of the combustion chamber, an afterburner 14 is installed forming a channel with a sudden expansion.

1 n.p.f.p.m., 1 s.p.f.p.m., 3 fig.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of energy, and specifically, to burner devices for burning liquid fuel and is intended for use in power plants of low thermal power.

Known vaporization burner containing a combustion chamber, the axis of which is installed an evaporation element of a heat-resistant material with a cavity for receiving fuel, a pre-ignition chamber, while the evaporation element has high thermal conductivity, is made porous and installed in the combustion chamber with an annular gap to burn leaking fuel on the outside the surface of the element (AS No. 361586, IPC F 23 D 5/06, F 23 D 3/40, publ. 12/07/1973, Bull. No. 1). The disadvantage of this burner device is that the porous element has a complex spatial structure, which leads to an uneven distribution of fuel on the surface of the evaporation element and, as a consequence, to the formation of carbonaceous deposits, the burner completeness, power and efficiency are reduced. Known vaporizer, the closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model and adopted for the prototype, containing a combustion chamber installed in the housing with the formation of its surrounding annular channel with a closed outlet end. The combustion chamber has openings for air supply located on its side surface. The holes are made in the form of nozzles located inside the combustion chamber and near its outlet section. At the inlet of the combustion chamber, an evaporative element of porous heat-resistant material is connected to the fuel supply channel. The evaporation element is made flat, located on the entire surface of the front end wall of the combustion chamber and has a central hole. Behind the evaporative element in the combustion chamber along its axis there is an ignition element installed in the ignition prechamber, in which there are openings for supplying it

air. The axis of the air inlet to the combustion chamber is oriented tangentially to the imaginary circle. On the outside of the combustion chamber, on the side of the annular channel, the nozzles have guide visors. At the exit of the combustion chamber a nozzle is installed (patent No. 48619, IPC F 23 D 5/00 publ. October 27, 2005 Bull. No. 30). This burner device has a complex structure, the volume of the combustion chamber is limited by the nozzle, this leads to the fact that when switching from a low thermal power mode to a large one due to a significant increase in the heat stress of the volume of the combustion chamber, the swirl flow velocity in the combustion chamber increases, and heat transfer to the porous element. As a result, the fuel begins to boil inside the porous element, this leads to the fact that the burner device begins to throw out individual drops of fuel that do not have time to burn. This leads to a decrease in the completeness of combustion and, as a consequence, the power and efficiency of the burner device.

The technical result, which is achieved by the claimed utility model, is to increase the completeness of combustion of liquid fuel by intensifying the combustion process, increasing the power and efficiency of the burner device in a wide range of thermal power.

The technical result is achieved in that in a burner device containing a combustion chamber with holes for supplying air to it installed in the housing with the formation of an annular channel enveloping it with a closed outlet end and in communication with the air supply system, at the inlet of which an evaporation element is connected to the channel fuel supply, ignition element, new is that the combustion chamber has at least two rows of holes for supplying air to it located on its side surface, the first row d holes are located near the evaporation element, the last row of holes is located near the output section of the combustion chamber, after the combustion chamber there is an afterburner forming a channel with a sudden

extension. The openings of the first row are made tangentially, and the area of their passage sections is 20-50% of the total area of the passage sections of the holes of all rows.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a burner device.

Figure 2 - view aa of figure 1

Figure 3 is a view of BB figure 2

Here: 1 - combustion chamber; 2 - case; 3 - annular channel; 4 - pipe for supplying air to the annular channel; 5 - the first row of holes for supplying air to the combustion chamber 1; 6 - the second row of holes for supplying air to the combustion chamber 1; 7 - output end of the annular channel; 8 - evaporation element; 10 - channel for supplying fuel to the evaporation element 8; 11 - ignition element; 12 - pre-chamber ignition; 13 - hole for supplying air to the pre-ignition chamber 12; 9 - the Central hole in the evaporation element 8; 14 - afterburner;

The burner device comprises a combustion chamber 1 installed in the housing 2 with the formation of an annular channel 3 surrounding it with a closed outlet end 7 and in communication with the air supply system by means of a pipe 4. The combustion chamber 1 has two rows of openings 5 and 6 located on its side surface. The first row of holes 5 is located near the evaporation element 8. The second row of holes 6 is located near the output section of the combustion chamber 1. The evaporation element 8 is flat, is located on the entire surface of the front end wall of the combustion chamber 1 and has a central hole 9. An ignition chamber is located at the entrance of the combustion chamber an element 11 installed in the pre-ignition chamber 12, in which there is an opening 13 for supplying air to it. At the outlet of the combustion chamber, an afterburner 14 is installed forming a channel with a sudden expansion.

The burner operates as follows.

Fuel is supplied through the channel 10 to the evaporation element 9 made of porous heat-resistant material, impregnates it and evaporates from its surface towards the combustion chamber 1 along the entire surface of its front end wall and towards the ignition chamber 12, in which the ignition element 11 is installed. burner device to the ignition element 11 is supplied with electric current. The air necessary to ignite the fuel leaked through the evaporation element 8 into the pre-chamber of ignition 12 enters it through the hole 13. Due to the heating of the ignition element 11, the fuel intensively evaporates and ignites in the pre-chamber 12, from where it passes through the central opening 9 into the combustion chamber 1. Air enters through the pipe 4 into the annular channel 3 and through it through two rows of holes 5 and 6 into the combustion chamber 1. The first row of holes 5 is located near the evaporation element 8 and the holes are tangential and while their flow cross-section is 20-50% of the total area of the passage section of holes of the two rows. The second row of holes 6 is located near the output section of the combustion chamber 1. Behind the combustion chamber, a afterburner 14 is installed forming a channel with a sudden expansion.

Part of the air flowing from the first row of openings 5 forms in the combustion chamber 1 an evaporation and mixing zone I and another part of the air forms combustion zone II. With an increase in thermal power, the air coming from the first row of holes is not enough for complete combustion and combustion zone II moves to the afterburner 14 forming a channel with a sudden expansion, where most of the air enters through the second row of holes 6, where the bulk of the fuel is burned into zone III thereby, moving away from the combustion zone II from the porous element.

Thus, when the burner operates in different modes, the evaporation zone near the porous element is small, depending on

thermal power of the burner and ensures uniform evaporation of fuel from the entire surface of the porous element, thereby ensuring complete combustion of the combustible mixture and, as a result, increasing the power and efficiency of the burner device. The proposed burner device also allows to reduce the content of harmful substances in the combustion products in a wide range of thermal power.

Claims (2)

1. A burner device containing a combustion chamber installed in the housing with the formation of an annular channel enveloping it with a closed outlet end and in communication with an air supply system, at the input of which an evaporation element is installed, in communication with a fuel supply channel, an ignition element, characterized in that the chamber the combustion has at least two rows of holes for supplying air to it located on its side surface, the first row of holes is located near the evaporation element, the last row is located near the outlet section of the combustion chamber, which is set for the afterburning chamber, forming a channel with a sudden expansion. 2. The burner device according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings of the first row are made tangential, and the total area of their passage sections is 20-50% of the total area of the passage sections of the holes of all rows.