RU2838270C1 - Ropeway - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aerial ropeways.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to vehicles, namely to aerial ropeways. Ropeway comprises rigidly mounted supports, between which a load-carrying cable is rigidly fixed on supports, and tensioned with possibility of movement transfer through pulleys in the form of friction wheels with external chute in circumferential direction, one of which contains an electric drive, and a traction cable. Traction cable and the axes of the traction pulleys are located above the carrying cable, at the same time the traction cable is looped at the lower point through the connecting disc, comprising four holes through which the ends of the traction cable and two upper and lower connecting cables are fixed by means of lifting clamps, cable clamps and thimbles, which reverse sides are rigidly fixed to the carriage arranged on the traction cable containing at least three pulley-like rollers, at least two of which are located above the traction cable, and at least one is under the cable between the axes of the upper rollers and to the housing of at least two-roller carriage with two pulley-like rollers located on the bearing cable, respectively. Length of the lower connecting cable is equal to the distance between the axis of the bearing cable and the lower part of the pulley of the traction cable. Length of upper connecting cable is equal to diameter of traction cable pulley. Carriage housing structure arranged on load-carrying cable is equipped with fastener for installation from below of cradle or passenger cabin.

EFFECT: possibility of increasing the span of pendulum ropeways with stability of movement of the cabin of pendulum ropeways.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Field of technology

This technical solution relates primarily to transport vehicles, as well as entertainment and recreation facilities, namely to suspended ropeways (SRL) intended for use at different times of the year at recreation and tourism centers, sanatoriums, children's camps, health centers, and/or at sports and military training facilities.

Possible options for using the claimed solution include: a local transport system, a cable car on ski slopes, or a means of training athletes, rescuers and military personnel in actions at height, as a permanent means of transporting people, animals and cargo across bodies of water, gorges and impassable depressions in rugged terrain, including those with differences in elevation between hills or banks.

State of the art

There are various solutions available that allow the movement of suspended systems (baskets) along a cable car, for example:

The multi-cable ropeway described in the French patent FR 2572698, the road is represented by a system with several overhead cables running along parallel paths between two stations to support vehicles or cabins moving between stations on the line, each vehicle having several support elements that interact with said cables, said cables forming an external frame of the vehicle without suspension and fixed on the line, each of the cables interacting with a support element.

Or a device for moving according to US patent US 6360669, comprising: a support cable going from a mountain station to a valley station; a support and guide rail on which a plurality of brackets are fixed, wherein said brackets embrace said support cable, are arranged with the possibility of displacement relative to said support cable, and install said support and guide rail on said support cable; a carriage movably fixed on said support and guide rail and displacing from the mountain station to the valley station; and also a transport unit for accommodating at least one person attached to said carriage.

WIPO application No. WO 2008006366 describes a ropeway for people or goods, consisting of one or more suspension cables, a lifting device for goods or people and two end suspension devices, each of which has a connection to the suspension cable, wherein one end of the carrier cable is connected to a carriage, which is movably guided on an arcuate track, which is attached to a carrier, so that the angle of inclination and the position of the suspension cable, when a load is suspended on it, can be changed and controlled in any direction.

A characteristic feature of the well-known two-rope suspended railways https://detalmach.ru/lect32.htm is the presence of flexible suspended tracks - supporting ropes along which the rolling stock (cars) moves, moved between stations by a traction rope closed in a ring, while the traction rope is diverted to the drive at one of the stations, and is pulled by a counterweight at the other.

The disadvantages of known solutions are that the traction cable does not contribute to the support cable, i.e. the load in the system is not distributed and under the influence of wind and other loads on the cabin, swinging moments occur. To compensate for them, schemes with two support cables are used (for example, the Wings of Tatev Cableway). The disadvantages of such systems are the increased cost due to the addition of expensive support cables.

There are also known solutions in which the suspension cables are also traction cables, for example, the solution from WIPO application No. WO 2012131197. The disadvantage of this and similar solutions is that the power of the gear motors for setting such roads in motion increases significantly compared to cable cars, where the load-bearing and traction functions are distributed between different cables.

Disclosure of invention

The technical problem that the claimed invention is aimed at solving is reducing the influence of external disturbance forces on the cabin of a pendulum cable car.

The technical result of the claimed invention consists in increasing the span length of pendulum cable cars and the stability of the movement of the cabin of pendulum cable cars.

In order to achieve the specified technical result, a cableway is proposed comprising rigidly installed supports, between which a supporting cable is stretched, rigidly fixed to the supports and stretched with the possibility of transmitting motion through pulleys in the form of friction wheels with an external groove along the circumference, one of which contains an electric drive, a traction cable, wherein the traction cable and the axes of the traction pulleys are located above the supporting cable, the traction cable is looped at the bottom point through a connecting disk containing 4 openings through which the ends of the traction cable are secured by means of rigging clamps, cable clamps and thimbles, and two - upper and lower connecting cables, the reverse sides of which are rigidly fixed to a carriage placed on the traction cable containing at least 3 pulley-shaped rollers, at least two of which are located above the traction cable, and at least one under the cable between the axes of the upper rollers and the body of at least a two-roller carriage with two pulley-shaped rollers, located on the supporting cable, respectively, the length of the lower connecting cable is equal to the distance between the axis of the supporting cable and the lower part of the traction cable pulley, the length of the upper connecting cable is equal to the diameter of the traction cable pulley, the design of the carriage body located on the supporting cable is equipped with a mount for installation from below the cradle or passenger cabin.

The combination of the above essential features leads to the fact that:

The proposed system is not critical to cable sag, which reduces the cost of operation and maintainability of the cableway; the sway of the cables themselves is reduced over large spans: the limit of the possible length of the cableway is increased.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed cableway, where the following are designated by positions:

1 - supports

2 - support cable (SC)

3 - traction cable pulley (TC)

4 - traction cable (TC)

5 - carrier carriage (CC)

6 - cradle, cabin (seats) of the cable car (KD)

7 - connecting disk

8 - connecting cable between the HT carriage and the connecting disk 7

9 - connecting cable between the TT carriage and the connecting disk 7

10 - TT carriage

11 - pulley-like rollers of NT and TT carriages.

Fig. 2 shows a diagram of the tension and arrangement of cables 2 and 4 of the cableway with the trajectory of movement of the carriage 5 with the load, the positions are designated:

2 - support cable (SC)

3 - traction cable pulley (TC)

4 - traction cable (TC)

12 - trajectory of movement of the NT carriage with load.

Fig. 3 shows a diagram of the fastenings of the cabin 6 of the cable car with the forces acting on it.

FB- disturbance force;

FK- compensation force

The positions are designated:

2 - support cable (SC)

5- Carrying carriage (CC)

6 - cradle, cabin (seats) of the cable car (KD)

7- connecting disk

8 - connecting cable between the HT carriage and the connecting disk 7

14 - thimble

Fig. 4 shows a diagram of the connecting disk 7 and the connection with its help of the two ends of the traction cable 4 and the ends of the connecting cables 8 and 9, the positions are designated:

4 - traction cable (TC) 7 - connecting disk

8 - connecting cable between the HT carriage and the connecting disk 7

9 - connecting cable between the TT carriage and the connecting disk 7

13 - rigging bracket

14 - thimble

15 - cable clamp (elephant).

Implementation and examples of implementation of the invention

Below is an example of a specific implementation of the claimed solution, which does not limit the options for its implementation.

The proposed solution, like most similar cableway systems, is a cableway between two points at which supports are installed and includes supports 1, which are load-bearing rigid reinforcing metal structures in the form of towers, or outrigger rigid supports on a natural elevation between which the load-bearing 2 and traction 4 cables are stretched (Fig. 1). The traction cable 4 is stretched through pulleys 3, which are friction wheels with an external groove around the circumference, with the possibility of transmitting movement to the cable 4 by one of the pulleys 3. The size of the groove is commensurate with or larger than the diameter of the cable 4.

Pulleys 3 are located on each of their supports 1 with the possibility of rotation so that the cable 4 is located above the supporting cable 2. One of the pulleys 3 is provided with a drive (not shown in the drawings) due to the installation of a gearbox with an electric motor connected to a voltage source. Such a pulley 3 is the leading one. The supporting cable 2 is rigidly fixed in a taut state on the supports 1.

In order to eliminate the shortcomings of the analogues, it is proposed to place the leading and driven pulleys 3 of the traction cable 4 above the supporting cable 2 of Figs. 1 and 2. The axes of the traction pulleys 3 are directed perpendicular to the axis of the supporting cable 2 and are in a horizontal plane. The traction cable 4 itself, passing through the pulleys 3, is connected at the bottom point (looped), through the connecting disk 7 of Fig. 4. The connecting disk 7 shown in Fig. 4 contains four through holes through which the pins of the rigging brackets 13 are passed.

The ends of the cables 4, 8 and 9 are attached to the latter using thimbles 14 and cable clamps (elephants) 15. Rigging brackets 13, thimbles 14 and cable clamps (elephants) 15 are widely known elements (https://metstroysetka.ru/takelazh/ skoba-takelazhnaya/)

The second side of the connecting cables 8 and 9 is attached via a thimble (not shown) to the body of the carriage 5, located on the supporting cable 2, and via a thimble (not shown) to the carriage 10, located on the upper part of the traction cable 4. The length of the lower connecting cable 8 is equal to the distance between the axis of the supporting cable 2 and the lower part of the pulley of the traction cable 4. The length of the upper connecting cable 9 is equal to the diameter of the pulley 3 of the traction cable 4. As a carriage with a body 5, a minimum of a two-roller carriage with two pulley-shaped rollers 11 located on the cable 2 is used, and the carriage design is also provided with a fastening for installation from below the cradle (seat) 6 or the passenger cabin. The carriage 10 is a carriage containing at least 3 pulley-shaped rollers 11, arranged so that at least two of them are located above the traction cable 4 and at least one roller 11 is located under the cable 4, between the axes of the upper rollers 11. Such an arrangement of the rollers 11 on the carriage 10 does not allow them to come off the cable 4.

With the proposed design, the vertical cable 9 creates an additional vertical force and contributes to the unloading of the supporting cable 2, which makes it possible to build cableways with a large span. The author performed computer modeling based on the mathematical model MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE OPERATION OF A DEVICE FOR COLLECTING AND TRANSPORTING WOOD IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF RESERVOIRS UNDER A STATIC LOAD ACTING ON THE CARRYING CABLE Zhuk A.Yu., which showed that the use of the proposed design can extend the theoretical maximum span between supports by 10-15%. In the case where the diameter of the supporting cable is 16 mm, and the pulling cable is 8.3 mm.

If the diameters of the load-bearing and traction cables are comparable, the maximum elongation can reach 200%. For example, with d=8.3 mm and a load of 120 kg, the span length increases from 1000 meters to 3000 meters (with the same safety factor of 3.15, a GOST requirement for cable cars).

In the proposed scheme, the traction cable 4 stabilizes the carriage 10 from oscillations perpendicular to the axis of the supporting cable 2. This has been shown in practice on the cableway built by the author, with a span length of 826 meters, thereby reducing the dependence of the road on the wind. Fig. 3 shows a diagram of the forces applied to the cabin 6 of the cableway. Gusts of wind act on the cabin 6, as a rule, directed perpendicular to the axis of the cable 2 and creating disturbance forces FB. At the same time, due to the mechanical connection of the carriage 5 through the cable 8, the connecting disk 7 with the cable 4, an opposite in direction, compensating force FK will be created. Such a scheme will not allow swinging from the wind and dampen oscillations.

The proposed system is not critical to cable sag, the layout of cables 2 and 4 with the trajectory of the carriage 5 with the cradle 6 or passenger cabin is shown in Fig. 2, which reduces the cost of operating the cable car. In 2024, more than 10,000 passengers were transported along the cable car, the sagging of the traction cable 4 below the supporting cable 2 did not affect the operational properties of the cable car. The fact is that at the local point of the carriage's passage along the supporting cable 2, the latter, under the action of gravity, goes down, and the pulling cable 4 remains above the supporting cable 2, while the swing of the cables themselves on large spans is reduced.

Example of implementation

The device works as follows:

At one of the supports 1, passengers board or load cargo into the cradle 6. A command is given from the control panel (not shown) to turn on the drive (not shown) of the leading pulley 3. The pulley 3 is set in rotation and transmits force to the traction cable 4. Under the action of the traction cable 4, the carriage 5 with the cradle 6, located on the supporting cable 2, and the carriage 10, located in the upper part of the traction cable 4, are set in motion. Thanks to the connecting cables 8 and 9, connected to each other by means of a connecting disk 7, the distance between the lower part of the traction cable 4 and its upper part remains constant along the entire trajectory of the cradle 6 along the supporting cable 2. Upon arrival at the final support 1, the pulleys 3 stop (from the control panel) and the passengers leave the cradle 6.

Claims (1)

A ropeway characterized in that it includes rigidly installed supports, between which a supporting cable is stretched, rigidly fixed to the supports and with the possibility of transmitting motion through traction pulleys in the form of friction wheels with an external groove along the circumference, one of which contains an electric drive, and a traction cable, wherein the traction cable and the axes of the traction pulleys are located above the supporting cable, the traction cable is looped at the bottom point through a connecting disk containing four holes through which the ends of the traction cable are secured by means of rigging clamps, cable clamps and thimbles, and two - upper and lower - connecting cables, the reverse sides of which are rigidly fixed to a carriage placed on the traction cable, containing at least three pulley-shaped rollers, at least two of which are located above the traction cable, and at least one - under the cable between the axes of the upper rollers, and to the body of at least a two-roller carriage with two pulley-shaped rollers located on the supporting cable, respectively, the length of the lower connecting cable is equal to the distance between the axis of the supporting cable and the lower part of the pulley of the traction cable, the length of the upper connecting cable is equal to the diameter of the pulley of the traction cable, the design of the carriage body, located on the supporting cable, is equipped with a mount for installation from below the cradle or passenger cabin.

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