RU2826784C1 - Method of stick tugging training - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to physical culture and sports, namely to methods of training and strengthening back and leg muscles for athletes in Yakut national sport – mas-wrestling (stick tugging). Method involves lifting and lowering the body from a standing position with a weight suspended on a handle for a wrist grip through a flexible traction, on a device installed along the wall and comprising a horizontal platform for placing an athlete with his/her back to the wall. Platform is placed on beams fixed close to the wall and parallel to it on supports spaced from the wall. Method is carried out when the load is suspended outside the said device.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of training process of stick tugging as a result of improvement of physical strength and muscular endurance by training a group of muscles of back (waist) and lower extremities.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to physical culture and sports, namely, to methods of training and strengthening the back and leg muscles for athletes in the Yakut national sport of stick pulling (mas-wrestling).

The oldest type of national sport is very popular in Yakutia – stick pulling (in Yakut – mas tardyhyy) or in its modern name – mas-wrestling (stick wrestling). In recent years, this sport has gained recognition not only in Russia, but also abroad (USA, Ukraine, Norway, etc.), where international stick pulling competitions are often held.

By the decision of the State Sports Committee of the Russian Federation in 2003, mas-wrestling was recognized as a sport cultivated in the Russian Federation. Since 2005, the All-Russian public organization "All-Russian Mas-Wrestling Federation" has been operating (see http://mas-wrestling.ru/), and in 2010, mas-wrestling was accepted as one of the official disciplines in the World Committee of Traditional Wrestling Styles (see http://www.minsport.gov.ru/sport/high-sport/priznanie-vidov-spor/). Currently, the World Mas-Wrestling Federation has been created (see http://www.fila-official.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=690&Itemid=100312&lang=en), and this sport is practiced in 20 countries and more than 40 regions of the Russian Federation.

It is known that mas-wrestling is the only type of martial arts in which opponents do not make physical contact with each other, do not strike with their feet, hands or other parts of the body, while physical strength, endurance, agility, and muscle strength of the arms and legs are of great importance - the athlete is required to have universal physical training (see Mas-wrestling / A.A. Zakharov. - Yakutsk: Publishing House of Yakutsk University, 2006. - 160 p.).

The first official rules were developed back in 1945, and later classification standards were developed up to the titles of Master of Sports of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the Russian Federation. Competitions are held among young men and women in different weight categories, such as 56 kg, 62 kg, 68 kg, 74 kg, 82 kg, 90 kg, 105 kg and over 105 kg.

All you need for mas-wrestling competitions is a stick and a board, and you can pull the stick even in a limited space in a small room. In mas-wrestling, athletes sit opposite each other, with their feet resting on a support board, which is located along the center line of the court. They grab the stick with their hands, which should be parallel to the support board. When the referee blows the whistle, the opponents simultaneously begin to pull the stick. Victory is awarded if the athlete pulls the opponent and the stick remains in his hands. In competitions, three fights are held between specific athletes and the winner is determined by points.

In mas-wrestling training, as a rule, they use well-known sports equipment for weightlifting (barbells), general developmental training machines (upper pull, leg press, etc.), aimed mainly at developing the strength qualities and endurance of the athlete.

At the same time, a training device for developing strength endurance in mas-wrestling is known (see RU No. 184064, class A63B 23/00, published on 15.10.2018), which is a sports device for training in a sitting position and includes a frame body mounted on a fixed base and equipped with a footrest board, a vertical stand with a device for creating resistance, consisting of blocks, flexible traction, a set of counterweights, shock-absorbing spring elements, and a device for a wrist grip, connected by means of a flexible connection to a set of counterweights through a system of blocks.

The pole tug-of-war training machine according to patent RU No. 158984 (class A63B 71/04, published 20.01.2016) is also intended for training in a sitting position and includes a body mounted on a fixed platform, which also serves as a footrest, a means for creating a load with a device for a wrist grip, placed inside the body.

However, to improve the skills of mas-wrestling, an athlete needs to develop not only technical and tactical wrestling techniques, but also train endurance and strength abilities, mainly the muscles of the back (lower back) and lower limbs, the strength qualities of which sometimes decide the outcome of the competition.

A method of influencing the back muscles is known (see RU No. 2399397, class A63B 23/02, A61H 1/02, published 09/20/2010), which includes flexion and extension of the lumbar region of the back with emphasis on the middle part of the abdomen.

The known technical solution relates mostly to therapeutic physical training and does not provide exercises for developing the athlete’s strength capabilities.

In addition, a method for training the ligaments and muscles of the lower extremities is known (see RU No. 2406553, class A63B 23/04, A63B 22/08, published on 20.12.2010), according to which exercises are performed with a device for training the ligaments and muscles of the lower extremities, including a base in the form of a platform with a fastening that ensures rigid fixation of the foot on the platform, the width of which is commensurate with the width of the foot, wherein the length of the platform from the location of the toe of the foot to the front edge of the platform and from the location of the heel of the foot to the back edge of the platform are made with the possibility of changing, thus, during the training process, the length of the platform from the location of the toe to the front edge of the platform is gradually increased from 100 to 350 mm, and the length of the platform from the location of the heel to the back edge of the platform - from 50 to 150 mm. During training, exercises are performed on walking, walking on toes and/or heels, walking on the lateral surfaces of the feet, walking with acceleration, jumping, jumping, etc.

The known method is intended, first of all, for the development of jumping power of the lower limbs for track and field athletes and is not suitable for training the strength qualities of the legs of athletes in pole pulling.

The problem that the claimed invention is aimed at solving is expressed in increasing the effectiveness of the training process in pulling a pole by developing the strength abilities and muscular endurance of athletes.

The technical effect obtained by solving the set task is expressed in increasing the effectiveness of the training process in pulling a pole as a result of improving physical strength and muscular endurance by training a group of muscles, mainly the muscles of the back (lower back) and lower extremities.

To solve the stated problem, a method of training in pulling a stick, including lifting and lowering the body from a standing position with a load suspended on a handle for a wrist grip via a flexible traction, on a device installed along a wall and including a horizontal platform for placing the athlete with his back to the wall, for example, 20-25 cm wide, placed on beams fixed close to the wall and parallel to it on supports spaced from the wall, forming a horizontal frame with a width of, for example, 40-50 cm, when hanging the load outside the said device. In addition, the horizontal platform is designed with the possibility of movement between the wall and the edge of the beam spaced from it.

A comparative analysis of the features of the claimed solution with known features indicates that the claimed solution meets the “novelty” criterion.

The set of essential features of the invention ensures the solution of the stated technical problem, namely, the achievement of high results by athletes through systematic training and strengthening of the back and leg muscles.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by a drawing, where figure 1 shows diagrams of the main positions of the human body during a pole pulling competition: A - starting, B - defensive, C - attacking; figure 2 - diagrams of performing exercises on the platform of the training device: A - in the initial (starting), B - in the middle (defensive); C - in the final (attacking) positions of the athlete; figure 3 - the device for training in pole pulling (side view).

During a tug-of-war match, there are three main positions of the athlete's body (see Fig. 1):

- starting (A), when the athlete’s legs are in a semi-bent position and rest against the support board, and straight arms grab the stick and are at the level of the support board, the back is not stretched;

- protective (B), when the athlete’s legs are in a bent position and rest against the support board, and straight arms with a stick are in front of the support board in the opponent’s zone, the back experiences strong stretching forces;

- attacking (B), when the athlete's legs are in a semi-bent or straight position and rest against the support board, and the straight arms with the stick are behind the support board in their zone, the back is straight and experiences strong compressive forces.

The set of exercises according to the claimed invention provides for the work of all muscle groups characteristic of pole pulling competitions in the traditional athlete sitting on a horizontal plane position, while the exercises are performed in a vertical position of the human body. For this, the athlete imitates the main body positions when pulling a pole, standing on a horizontal platform and leaning against a vertical wall. At the same time, exercises traditional for a horizontal position, but now performed on a vertical plane, contribute to maximum stretching of the body under load of muscles, including legs, buttocks, back. As a result, due to systematic exercises, the athlete receives significant development of the muscles of the back (lower back) and lower limbs (feet).

The claimed solution involves the use of a device installed to/along a vertical wall 1 and including a narrow horizontal platform 2 made, for example, from a board 20-25 cm wide, 4-6 cm thick, installed on vertical supports 3 with a height of, for example, 50-70 cm, with horizontal beams forming a frame 4 with a width of, for example, 40-50 cm. The platform 2 can be made of different lengths, for example, up to 6 m, for the simultaneous use of several athletes and with the ability to move along the frame 4 from the extreme forward position to adjoining the wall 1 (see Fig. 3). For simplicity, the fastening of the mobile platform 2 to the frame 4 can be done using a detachable fastener or a dowel-socket design, etc. The width of the platform board 2 generally corresponds to the standard width of the support board for pulling the stick, which during exercises creates conditions for maximum imitation of the loads on the feet as in a real fight.

For training, the athlete is placed on platform 2 and performs a set of exercises that imitate the body positions during the pole pulling competitions, namely, lifting and lowering the body with a load. For this, the athlete, standing on platform 2, grabs the handle for a wrist grip, on which a load is suspended via a flexible rod, for example, a dumbbell, kettlebell, weight plate, etc. The handle for a wrist grip for the purpose of imitation can be made in the shape and standard dimensions of a pole for pulling. Durable types of rope, twine or cable are used as a flexible rod. The weight of the loads is selected according to the training program, based on the loads typical for pulling, for example, within 24-50 kg. In addition, to perform more complex exercises, platform 2 is moved along frame 4 of support 3 towards wall 1. The closer platform 2 is to wall 1, the further the point of application of the load is from the athlete’s body and the more difficult it is to perform exercises to raise and lower the body with a load (see Fig. 2, 3).

At the same time, due to the vertical position of the body, the muscles of the back, mainly the lower back, and the legs, mainly the feet, experience significant loads. Systematic exercises according to a given training program on this device will develop the strength qualities of the muscle group of the arms, legs, lower back, abdominal cavity, including the muscles of the feet and strengthen the connection of the legs with the support board, contribute to the development of orientation, speed, speed of thinking and assessment of the situation in the competitions in tug-of-war.

The stated method of training in pulling a pole is implemented as follows.

The athlete selects and hangs a load (weight) for lifting and lowering the body through a flexible traction on the handle of the wrist grip, sets the platform 2 on the horizontal frame 4 of the support 3 in a given position and climbs onto it. Then he grabs the handle of the wrist grip and performs exercises for lifting and lowering the body with the set load. The number of repetitions and approaches is determined by the training program (see Fig. 2, 3).

For more complex exercises, platform 2 is moved along frame 4 away from wall 1 and exercises are performed again to lift and lower the body with a load. When platform 2 approaches wall 1, the athlete experiences additional loads in the lumbar region and legs, caused by the limitation of the volumetric space near wall 1 and the corresponding distance of the point of application of the load to the body. Due to such exercises, the athlete develops the strength of the back and legs.

The technical and functional capabilities of the device allow conducting research work and monitoring the development of athletes in dynamics, assessing the changes taking place and taking timely corrective measures to obtain the maximum result within the established time frame. In addition, the versatility and relative compactness of the device facilitates training processes in small sports halls and grounds for all categories of athletes. At the same time, providing loads typical for tug-of-war, as a result of systematic training, athletes can significantly develop physical strength and muscular endurance and achieve significant sports results.

Claims (2)

1. A method of training in pulling a pole, which includes raising and lowering the body from a standing position with a load suspended on a handle for a wrist grip via a flexible pulley, on a device installed along a wall and including a horizontal platform for placing the athlete with his back to the wall, placed on beams secured close to the wall and parallel to it on supports spaced from the wall, with the load suspended outside the said device. 2. The method according to item 1, characterized in that the horizontal platform is designed with the possibility of movement between the wall and the edge of the beam spaced from it.