RU2822870C1 - System for controlling air flow in ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation.

SUBSTANCE: proposed invention relates to control of air flow rate in ventilation systems with two or more air supply (discharge) zones. System for controlling the air flow rate in the ventilation system includes a ventilation unit with air ducts connected to it, on which valves are located, made with flaps, on the shafts of which there are drives, wherein the system is additionally equipped with a control system, comprising a controller with a pressure sensor, an air speed sensor, valve drives and a frequency drive connected thereto, pressure sensor and air speed sensor are installed on the common section of the air duct and are configured to measure the total pressure and total flow rate in the system, and transmit data to the controller, frequency drive is made with possibility to change ventilation unit performance by changing ventilation unit fan revolutions, wherein the controller is configured to set the values of revolutions of the ventilation unit and control the position of the flaps of the valves, record and convert the measured values of pressure and air velocity into the data set, as well as with the possibility of executing the trained neural network.

EFFECT: possibility of calculating the position of flaps of valves to maintain the required air flow rate taking into account mutual influence of valves on each other.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to air flow control in ventilation systems with two or more air supply (exhaust) zones.

A device for adaptive automated control of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning system is known, containing at least one processor, or a programmable logic integrated circuit (FPGA), or a special purpose integrated circuit (SPIC); and at least one memory module connected to the processor, or FPGA, or ISSN, which contains machine-readable instructions, which, when executed by the FPGA or ISSN processor, ensure execution of the method (patent No. 2784191, G05B 19/00, published 11/23/2022 Bulletin . No. 33).

The disadvantage is that only qualitative parameters are regulated - temperature, humidity.

A ventilation system with automatic flow balancing is known, obtained on the basis of a neural network and methods of use, containing: a ventilation device configured to create an air flow and including: a first blower assembly, including a blower motor and a control circuit, wherein said control circuit is programmed using the first mathematical equation; wherein the first mathematical equation determines the estimated blower air flow rate for the first blower assembly based on at least: (i) blower motor air duct parameters that are obtained using a neural network, (ii) blower motor speed, and (iii) blower motor current ; when the air flow of the ventilation device is set to the set air flow value, the calculated discharge air flow rate is within 5% of the specified set air flow value. (patent no. US 11703247 B2, F24F 11/0001, published 10/13/2021).

The disadvantage is that it only balances the flows of the supply and exhaust systems, but does not ensure air distribution in the rooms.

The objective of the present invention is to maintain the required air flow in rooms using smoothly controlled air valves, compensating their influence on each other.

The technical result is the creation of the ability to calculate the position of the valve flaps to maintain the required air flow, taking into account the mutual influence of the valves on each other.

The specified technical result is achieved by a system for controlling air flow in a ventilation system, including a ventilation unit with air ducts connected to it, on which valves are located, made with dampers, on the shafts of which drives are located, and the system is additionally equipped with a control system, including a controller with connected to it a pressure sensor, an air speed sensor, valve drives and a frequency drive, the pressure sensor and the air speed sensor are installed on a common section of the air duct and are capable of measuring the total pressure and total flow rate in the system, and transmitting data to the controller, the frequency drive is configured to change the performance ventilation unit by changing the fan speed of the ventilation unit, wherein the controller is configured to set the speed values of the ventilation unit and control the position of the valve dampers, record and convert the measured values of pressure and air speed into a data set, as well as the ability to execute a trained neural network.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIGS. 1 shows a diagram of the ventilation unit; Fig. 2 - an example of a mathematical model in the form of a block.

The ventilation system consists of a ventilation unit 1, air ducts (branches) 2 connected to the ventilation unit 1, controlled valves 3 installed on each air duct 2 and a control system, which is an electronic controller 4, which is usually mounted next to the ventilation unit 1. Invention applicable for at least two valves 3 per system (two supply and two exhaust). Controller 4 is an autonomous computer.

Valves 3 are made with dampers and smoothly controlled drives, which are actuators for controller 4. Controller 4 is equipped with outputs (connectors) for connecting valve drives 3, pressure sensors 5 and air speed 6, and frequency drive 7.

The valve drives 3 are installed on the damper shafts and are controlled using a continuously variable signal via a cable from the corresponding outputs of the controller 4. The control system also includes a pressure sensor 5 and an air speed sensor 6, which are installed on a common section of the air duct 2 (Fig. 1) and are connected to controller 4 inputs using wires. Pressure sensors 5 and air speed 6 measure the total pressure and total flow rate in the system, and transmit the data to controller 4. To change the performance of the ventilation unit 1, a frequency drive 7 is used, which changes the speed of the ventilation unit 1. The frequency drive 7 is an actuator and is controlled by controller 4 using a smoothly varying signal via a cable from the corresponding output of controller 4.

The device works as follows.

In a particular case, three valves 3 are used (in Fig. 1 and Table 1).

Two or more rooms are served by one supply (supply and exhaust and/or exhaust) ventilation unit 1 (Fig. 1). Each room has its own air duct 2. The required air flow for each room is set by individually controlled valves 3.

When requesting any flow rate value in one of the rooms, controller 4 sends a command to change the position of the damper of the corresponding valve 3. This changes the air pressure (also suitable for any gas) in the ventilation system, which will lead to a change in air flow in other rooms.

The task is to calculate in what position to set the dampers of the remaining valves 3 when the position of one changes. The air flow in all rooms must be equal to the required values.

The principle of operation of the system is to create mathematical models of air ducts 2 for each room, then from these models the positions of the valves 3 are calculated in accordance with the air flow requests for the selected pressure value in the air duct 2. The controller 4 sets the dampers to the specified positions and then maintains the total air flow in ventilation system by changing the speed of the ventilation unit 1 using a frequency drive 7.

Mathematical models are created using neural networks using deep learning. A data set (dataset) for training is formed by measuring and recording the values of pressure sensors 5 and air speed sensor 6 at the values of the positions of the dampers 3 and the speed of the ventilation unit 1, changed with a given step. This process is called calibration. The collection of this data and execution of the trained neural network is carried out by controller 4. The neural network is trained on an arbitrary computing device (possibly external).

If the ventilation system consists of supply and exhaust subsystems, then calibration is performed for each subsystem separately.

An example of practical application of the system.

1. After completion of commissioning of the ventilation system, the calibration process is started. During the calibration process, controller 4 sets the speed values of the ventilation unit 1 and the position of the damper flaps 3 in accordance with Table 1 of data collection for training. Writes the measured values of pressure on pressure sensor 5 and air speed to air speed sensor 6 in the appropriate cells.

2. The resulting data array is normalized (can be done automatically), that is, converted into a set of data suitable for machine learning (dataset).

3. Using a neural network and machine learning algorithms, a mathematical model of the ventilation system is created, which is then executed on controller 4. The values of the required flow rates for each branch of air duct 2 are supplied to the input of this mathematical model (for example, through the operator interface menu), and to the output, after calculations, values of the damper positions of all valves 3.

Also, using ordinary (trivial) mathematics, the value of the total air speed in the common air duct 2 is calculated as the regulator setting (regulation is trivial). This parameter is maintained by changing the speed of ventilation unit 1. Air speed in the common air duct:

V=L/S where: V, m/s,

where L, m ³ /s, is the total flow rate, S is the cross-sectional area of the air duct where measurements are taken.

The sum of expenses in all branches is the given values:

L=L1+L2+...Ln

For round air ducts cross-sectional area:

S=3.14*(d/4)^2

For rectangular ducts:

S=a*b,

where a, b is the length of the sides of the air duct.

Table 1

Pressure, Pa Fan speed, % Air speed, m/s Valve 1, % Valve 2, % 32.021492 thirty 0.801364303 0 60 31.9909973 thirty 0.802142859 0 60 32.0303688 thirty 0.806867957 0 60 30.1054344 thirty 0.895569742 0 70 30.1372852 thirty 0.890098214 0 70 30.1861401 thirty 0.888304472 0 70 28.7539063 thirty 0.928853512 0 80 28.7925529 thirty 0.930141807 0 80 28.7701092 thirty 0.929570615 0 80 28.1591587 thirty 0.949210823 0 90 28.1467495 thirty 0.950556338 0 90 28.1249809 thirty 0.953440249 0 90 27.5037289 thirty 0.96860683 0 100 27.5385685 thirty 0.982319355 0 100 27.5415726 thirty 0.982895792 0 100 55.1974754 40 0.931840718 0 60 55.2241554 40 0.924098134 0 60 55.1138382 40 0.929455876 0 60 51.5925217 40 1.20000124 0 70 51.6661873 40 1.19355154 0 70 51.5735626 40 1.173421621 0 70 48.9390526 40 1.403184056 0 80 48.827179 40 1.372105718 0 80 48.7830315 40 1.363366365 0 80 47.5610275 40 1.443031073 0 90 47.5100021 40 1.447849274 0 90 47.4874077 40 1.453796387 0 90 46.3267746 40 1.529227734 0 100 46.4429817 40 1.526623845 0 100 46.3832893 40 1.525861144 0 100 87.0757523 50 0.881733418 0 50 87.0965195 50 0.878539085 0 50 86.8442154 50 0.88815105 0 50 83.2176437 50 1.239338994 0 60 83.2903214 50 1.237315893 0 60 83.2835388 50 1.239676476 0 60 77.3790817 50 1.630568027 0 70 77.2616348 50 1.64584744 0 70 77.3193588 50 1.62308228 0 70 73.0262527 50 1.804817557 0 80 73.0562668 50 1.819887161 0 80 73.1405945 50 1.801439881 0 80 71.090065 50 1.919244885 0 90 71.0761032 50 1.927206993 0 90 71.1698685 50 1.92818141 0 90 69.1489334 50 1.976331472 0 100 69.216507 50 1.978762507 0 100 69.5248718 50 1.97750628 0 100 121.131874 60 0.962770522 0 50 120.93631 60 0.958535373 0 50 120.965378 60 0.954868972 0 50 114.817085 60 1.561735868 0 60 114.811813 60 1.567198992 0 60 114.592812 60 1.571608305 0 60 106.491837 60 1.948732853 0 70 106.633461 60 1.93535912 0 70 106.858047 60 1.920237303 0 70 100.248528 60 2.189945698 0 80 100.038467 60 2.18680501 0 80 100.044922 60 2.158856392 0 80 97.5250931 60 2.24917078 0 90 97.6043243 60 2.257422209 0 90 97.5719223 60 2.251915693 0 90 94.739975 60 2.355391741 0 100 94.7644196 60 2.335970402 0 100 94.8998566 60 2.339497805 0 100 159.521561 70 1.212453961 0 50 159.348557 70 1.206796527 0 50 159.296082 70 1.18160665 0 50 150.886795 70 1.859415054 0 60 151.126648 70 1.829876542 0 60 151.211746 70 1.841448426 0 60 139.484802 70 2.245028257 0 70 139.110413 70 2.244051695 0 70 139.224045 70 2.234434128 0 70 130.995132 70 2.503054142 0 80 130.962158 70 2.487721205 0 80 130.950272 70 2.463514566 0 80 127.383072 70 2.606855869 0 90 127.240265 70 2.599043608 0 90 126.961197 70 2.594602585 0 90 123.745575 70 2.655694246 0 100 123.739113 70 2.671395063 0 100 123.546066 70 2.654524803 0 100 201.116653 80 1.428262353 0 50 201.048645 80 1.435248017 0 50 201.308487 80 1.457440615 0 50 189.696793 80 2.092527628 0 60 189.982971 80 2.103091955 0 60 189.926605 80 2.109466314 0 60 173.978195 80 2.564157963 0 70 174.604767 80 2.539330959 0 70 174.34465 80 2.545967579 0 70 163.830856 80 2.763281822 0 80 163.49324 80 2.766672134 0 80 163.406906 80 2.761323929 0 80 158.792969 80 2.815404415 0 90 158.594345 80 2.814999342 0 90 158.696732 80 2.838051081 0 90 153.911819 80 2.919798136 0 100 154.003876 80 2.922875643 0 100 154.068695 80 2.920133352 0 100 247.510956 90 0.849696279 0 40 247.613846 90 0.878751934 0 40 247.597321 90 0.882498801 0 40 231.973969 90 1.579511523 0 50 232.170731 90 1.610855341 0 50 232.226944 90 1.594383001 0 50 217.103256 90 2.248678207 0 60 217.191376 90 2.23017478 0 60 217.161469 90 2.221483469 0 60 197.269424 90 2.633496761 0 70 197.050003 90 2.656846762 0 70 197.043091 90 2.64496541 0 70 183.750305 90 2.869786024 0 80 183.76062 90 2.869808674 0 80 183.694794 90 2.884843111 0 80 177.770645 90 3.010561466 0 90 177.606064 90 3.029883385 0 90 177.556854 90 3.005728483 0 90 172.261444 90 3.08084774 0 100 172.140106 90 3.082363129 0 100 172.105896 90 3.096002102 0 100 14.6432638 20 0.820402443 90 0 14.6318331 20 0.817455232 90 0 14.6159811 20 0.81761688 90 0 14.3356514 20 0.826563776 100 0 14.3303375 20 0.82622081 100 0 14.3643064 20 0.826195121 100 0 31.1877937 thirty 0.895364821 70 0 31.1231747 thirty 0.895150363 70 0 31.0756493 thirty 0.89515847 70 0 28.869112 thirty 0.964896381 80 0 28.9108696 thirty 0.965579391 80 0 28.861372 thirty 0.966908991 80 0 27.33535 thirty 1.135754347 90 0 27.3422318 thirty 1.132788658 90 0 27.3743649 thirty 1.131567717 90 0 26.703928 thirty 1.178482175 100 0 26.6554432 thirty 1.172746539 100 0 26.6792259 thirty 1.164543986 100 0 56.2330742 40 0.916720212 60 0 56.2211609 40 0.913059771 60 0 56.336319 40 0.904079795 60 0 51.9277573 40 1.20442462 70 0 51.971199 40 1.223687053 70 0 51.8607903 40 1.215461373 70 0 47.5482979 40 1.538614392 80 0 47.4953003 40 1.510887265 80 0 47.4759865 40 1.540492296 80 0 44.5769577 40 1.699773073 90 0 44.7063789 40 1.703214288 90 0 44.6868744 40 1.693223476 90 0 43.4212341 40 1.726988077 100 0 43.3809814 40 1.7343328 100 0 43.5086441 40 1.745805025 100 0 88.4276276 50 0.872680545 50 0 88.5152359 50 0.881528139 50 0 88.4890976 50 0.882170439 50 0 84.6989365 50 1.171316743 60 0 84.528511 50 1.194229364 60 0 84.4642258 50 1.207033992 60 0 77.4408646 50 1.658443809 70 0 77.3431473 50 1.672185302 70 0 77.4125595 50 1.671046257 70 0 70.4819717 50 1.982787848 80 0 70.5541153 50 2.003293991 80 0 70.4918671 50 1.975644588 80 0 65.9613266 50 2.12827158 90 0 65.9400024 50 2.120658159 90 0 66.0000458 50 2.125747681 90 0 64.1053696 50 2.20607996 100 0 64.0420532 50 2.173357725 100 0 64.172966 50 2.201604605 100 0 122.20285 60 0.960172653 50 0 122.198784 60 0.949143171 50 0 121.989662 60 0.952991307 50 0 116.656013 60 1.491002083 60 0 116.515373 60 1.474761963 60 0 116.55761 60 1.48929143 60 0 106.212852 60 1.99250567 70 0 106.220139 60 1.98268652 70 0 106.234825 60 1.984359741 70 0 96.2129898 60 2.364656925 80 0 96.2985077 60 2.334238291 80 0 96.127243 60 2.358589649 80 0 89.9047012 60 2.496496916 90 0 89.7948837 60 2.506141424 90 0 89.7225876 60 2.514578581 90 0 87.116394 60 2.55952096 100 0 87.1403122 60 2.568183661 100 0 87.0788345 60 2.563396215 100 0 161.041672 70 1.170971394 50 0 161.847748 70 1.178864121 50 0 161.890335 70 1.18243432 50 0 153.216248 70 1.796708226 60 0 153.125397 70 1.804194689 60 0 152.779831 70 1.809447289 60 0 138.32283 70 2.28284359 70 0 138.443237 70 2.284462214 70 0 138.280365 70 2.293297291 70 0 124.67926 70 2.65263629 80 0 125.035339 70 2.663871527 80 0 124.983902 70 2.670674324 80 0 116.337303 70 2.833086252 90 0 116.529114 70 2.820836782 90 0 116.721352 70 2.800040722 90 0 112.832291 70 2.881407499 100 0 112.55571 70 2.864117146 100 0 112.8424 70 2.87452054 100 0 213.706223 80 0.80809772 40 0 213.773926 80 0.810507774 40 0 213.854477 80 0.776486397 40 0 202.57048 80 1.405983448 50 0 202.783752 80 1.4107728 50 0 202.898254 80 1.421613574 50 0 191.363007 80 2.058614731 60 0 192.306412 80 2.05453229 60 0 192.085114 80 2.042068958 60 0 172.752609 80 2.563177824 70 0 172.825546 80 2.556633234 70 0 173.078461 80 2.581934214 70 0 155.672318 80 2.915281057 80 0 155.836472 80 2.924479008 80 0 155.824142 80 2.921263456 80 0 144.510406 80 3.142575026 90 0 144.566574 80 3.156885862 90 0 144.708984 80 3.167290926 90 0 139.932648 80 3.240892887 100 0 140.01619 80 3.283350706 100 0 140.151138 80 3.262577057 100 0 248.379272 90 0.856269121 40 0 248.485703 90 0.844780684 40 0 248.668182 90 0.823384762 40 0 233.56073 90 1.552025437 50 0 233.517319 90 1.590499878 50 0 233.037643 90 1.572478652 50 0 218.471405 90 2.169739962 60 0 219.280121 90 2.192789078 60 0 219.222244 90 2.158912182 60 0 195.128357 90 2.71325922 70 0 194.966095 90 2.712989807 70 0 194.465652 90 2.694149971 70 0 173.879074 90 3.100365162 80 0 173.924057 90 3.082586288 80 0 173.913605 90 3.112382889 80 0 160.651962 90 3.326888323 90 0 160.607697 90 3.340391397 90 0 160.650101 90 3.338522673 90 0 155.288589 90 3.445615292 100 0 154.972687 90 3.439971924 100 0

Claims (7)

System for controlling air flow in a ventilation system, including ventilation unit with air ducts connected to it, on which valves are located, made with dampers, on the shafts of which drives are located, wherein the system is additionally equipped with a control system, including a controller with a pressure sensor, an air speed sensor, valve drives and a frequency drive connected to it, a pressure sensor and an air speed sensor are installed on a common section of the air duct and are designed to measure the total pressure and total flow rate in the system, and transmit data to the controller, the frequency drive is configured to change the performance of the ventilation unit by changing the speed of the fan of the ventilation unit, in this case, the controller is configured to set the speed values of the ventilation unit and control the position of the valve flaps, record and convert the measured values of pressure and air speed into a data set, as well as the ability to execute a trained neural network.