RU2821732C1 - Automated device for foliage recycling - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in harvesting fallen leaves in gardens, vineyards and urban green areas for further production and application of ash fertilizers. Automated device for foliage recycling consists of vehicle, vacuum cleaner, housing, in which with the possibility of rotation the assembly drum is installed with the spikes on the shell and behind it are the grinding drums made with the possibility of removing the leaves from the spikes of the assembly drum and their grinding by their blades, water tank installed on top of the housing, and spraying nozzles. After grinding drums, interconnected dehumidifier with fan is installed, leaf burning compartment with fuel supply nozzles with an ignition system, a filter for screening a fine fraction of ash, a hopper for mixing water with ash using a mixer, produced mix bin communicated with dispenser communicated with spraying nozzle. Device has a controller and a control unit located on the body of the device, and indicators of the water level in the tank and the state of the system, a GPS tracker, trajectory sensor located under the housing, and proximity sensors located along the housing perimeter.

EFFECT: providing automation of the harvesting process and increasing the efficiency of disposal of fallen leaves.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and can be used when collecting fallen leaves in gardens, vineyards and urban green areas for the further production and use of ash fertilizers.

A device for collecting and pressing fallen leaves is known, including a leaf sucker having a trunk with a head, air ducts, a fan with a drive, and a screw (screw) press having a conical body, a hollow shaft with a driven auger decreasing towards the outlet in diameter and pitch, (pat. .RU 2340480 C1 pub. 12/10/2008)

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of further processing of the harvested leaves.

It is known to use unmanned self-propelled devices in agriculture for collecting eggs when birds are kept on the floor, for watering birds and for processing bedding material when animals are kept on the floor (RF patents No. 2768843, 2787088, 2780844) which contain the device body and water level indicators connected to it in the tank and system status, GPS tracker, trajectory sensor located under the housing, and proximity sensors located around the perimeter of the housing.

The closest in technical design to the proposed device is a device for recycling fallen leaves, consisting of a vehicle with a brush and a vacuum cleaner, characterized in that it has a housing in which an assembly drum with spikes on the shell and grinding drums are installed with the possibility of rotation , made with the ability to remove leaves from the spikes of the assembly drum and grind them with their blades, as a result of their rapid rotation towards each other, which is ensured by chain drives from large gears at the ends of the assembly drum to small gears at the ends of the grinding drums, installed on top of the body water tank, spray nozzles (patent RU 2479182 (C2 publ. 01/17/2011).

The disadvantage of the known device is the incomplete disposal of fallen leaves, as well as the lack of automation of its disposal.

The technical result is to automate the cleaning process and increase the efficiency of recycling.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an automated device for recycling leaves, consisting of a vehicle, a vacuum cleaner, a housing, in which a collection drum with spikes on the shell and behind it are installed with the possibility of rotation, shredding drums, made with the ability to remove leaves from the spikes of the collection drum and their grinding with its blades, a water tank installed on top of the body and spray nozzles, according to the invention, after the grinding drums, a dryer with a fan, a compartment for burning leaves with nozzles for supplying fuel with an ignition system, a filter for screening out the fine ash fraction are installed in series and communicated with each other , a hopper for mixing water with ash using a stirrer, a hopper for the resulting mixture and communicated with a dispenser connected to a spray nozzle, while the device has a controller and control unit located on the device body and indicators of the water level in the tank and system status connected to it, GPS -tracker, trajectory sensor located under the body, and proximity sensors located around the perimeter of the body.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawing, where in FIG. A diagram of an automated device for recycling leaves is presented.

For the sake of clarity, the graphic material presents only those elements that are necessary to understand the essence of the invention, and related elements well known to specialists in this field are not presented.

An automated device for recycling leaves contains a sequentially installed collecting drum with spikes 1, grinding drums 2, a dryer 3 with a fan (not shown in the figure), a combustion compartment 4 with nozzles 5 for supplying fuel with an ignition system (not shown in the figure), filtrate 6 for screening out the fine fraction of ash, hopper 7 for mixing water with ash using a stirrer (not shown in the picture), water tank 8, control unit 9, hopper for the resulting mixture 10, dispenser 11, spray nozzles 12. Controller with control unit 9 are located on the device body and are connected to indicators of the water level (not shown in the figure) in the tank 8 and the system status, and also contains a GPS tracker, a trajectory sensor located under the body, and proximity sensors located around the perimeter of the body (not shown in the figure). shown).

The device works as follows. Through control unit 9, a program is set either for independent detection of fallen leaves in a given area, or for cleaning along a given route. Cleaning is carried out by stringing leaves onto a collecting drum with spikes and sucking them into the device. After which the foliage passes through the grinding drums 2. Next, the foliage enters the dryer 3, in which, under the influence of the air flow created by the fan, it is dried and enters the combustion compartment 4, where the dried foliage is ignited using nozzles 5 for supplying fuel with an ignition system, which burns and becomes ash with large fractions, which is passed through filtrate 6 to sift the fine ash fraction, then it is fed into hopper 7 filled with water from tank 8, where ash and water are intensively mixed using a mixer, resulting in an ash solution, then it is fed into hopper 10. For watering, the required amount of solution is measured with a dispenser 11 and watering is carried out through spray nozzles 12.

The technological process of the Automated Leaf Recycling Device is as follows. The device has a wheeled motion. On the body there is a control unit responsible for moving the device from the transport position to the working position and back, and under the unit there is a motion trajectory sensor. The route trajectory software is loaded into the control unit. The water loading area and the operating point of the cleaning itself become clogged. The movement is controlled by a trajectory sensor, GPS tracker and control unit. The device moves in the transport position, during which the control unit operates the grinding drums and subsequent parts of the device. The water level indicator shows the current liquid level in the tank 8; as the tank is emptied, the control unit sends a signal to the controller, which moves the device to the transport position and the device moves to the water filling location.

Claims (1)

An automated device for recycling leaves, consisting of a vehicle, a vacuum cleaner, a housing in which a collection drum with spikes on the shell and behind it are rotatably installed shredding drums configured to remove leaves from the spikes of the collection drum and grind them with their blades, a container water installed on top of the housing, and spray nozzles, characterized in that after the grinding drums, a connected dryer with a fan, a compartment for burning leaves with nozzles for supplying fuel with an ignition system, a filter for screening out fine ash fractions, and a mixing hopper are installed in series water with ash using a stirrer, a hopper for the resulting mixture communicated with a dispenser connected to a spray nozzle, while the device has a controller and control unit located on the device body, and indicators of the water level in the tank and system status connected to it, GPS tracker, trajectory sensor located under the body, and proximity sensors located around the perimeter of the body.

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