RU2777688C1 - Hemostatic pneumatic tourniquet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medical technology, namely to a hemostatic pneumatic tourniquet. The tourniquet includes a cuff with a pneumatic chamber connected to a control unit containing interconnected pneumatic valves connected to the cuff. The tourniquet has an air compressor with a power source, a microcontroller and means of indicating the pressure of the pneumatic chamber, in which the control unit contains a receiver between the compressor and the pneumatic valves and one relief valve. The compressor is connected directly to the receiver, and the relief valve is designed to ensure simultaneous opening of all pneumatic valves.

EFFECT: simplification of the design and stabilization of the device.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical field

The claimed invention relates to medicine, in particular, to medical equipment and can be used to compress damaged main blood vessels in order to temporarily stop bleeding, namely, when assisting the wounded and injured with detachments or destruction of limbs.

State of the art

Due to compression and lack of elasticity of the bandage, tissue injury occurs. The usual twisting tourniquet used in operations has one global drawback. It compresses the limbs, and the doctor cannot control the dosage of squeezing blood vessels in the tissues. The main advantage of the new product is that it gives a dosed load on the vessels without damaging the tissue.

Known tourniquet, which contains an inflatable chamber with a clasp, a device for filling it and a control pressure gauge. The harness chamber is made in the form of an arc with short and long parts, and the length of the short part is equal to half of the long one. The clasp of the inflatable chamber is made in the form of a pile zipper located at the ends of the inflatable chamber and the waist belt. In addition, the camera is equipped with a waist belt passing through the junction of the short and long parts in its curved part, and soft power scarves (RU 2214800, A61B 17/135, A61F 5/34, publ. 27.10.2003).

The disadvantages of this device are the inability to automatically control the operating parameters of the cuff, the bulkiness of the device itself, the possibility of its use only for the inguinal region.

A known design of a hemostatic pneumatic tourniquet with the possibility of manual pumping (patent for invention No. 1745216), which includes an elastic chamber placed in a case with fixation elements, and a pneumatic cylinder connected to the chamber, equipped with a pressure relief valve. The possibility of dosing compression in this device is provided by the application of an indication on the surface of the cylinder, which means the number of clicks on the cylinder to create a certain pressure.

The main disadvantage of this device is the lack of automation of the inflation process and, as a result, the lack of means for controlling the degree of inflation and the means for monitoring the state of the pneumatic chamber.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is the design of the harness, disclosed in the utility model of the Russian Federation No. 134419. The hemostatic electronic-pneumatic tourniquet contains a cuff with a pneumatic chamber, an air compressor and a pressure sensor, while the cuff has a conical shape, and the air compressor and the pressure sensor are included in the electronic-pneumatic unit with a microcontroller, a pneumatic valve, a liquid crystal indicator, and an accumulator , pneumatic splitter and acoustic alarm.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of stable operation of the device with possible damage to the pneumatic chamber.

Pneumatic inflation and retention harnesses are susceptible to failure due to damage to the air bladder. A group of inventions related to medical technology RU 2622587 C2 “Control device and control system for a hemostatic device” containing a hemostatic device with a pumping device and a control device, as well as a compression cuff that can be attached to the pumping device of a hemostatic device and applied to a part of the body, for example , in the area of the upper and lower extremities. The control device contains a recognition mechanism with which it is possible to determine the size and, in particular, the volume of the compression cuff attached to the inflation device. The control device controls the inflation device to inflate the compression cuff using a set of parameters that matches the size or volume of the attached compression cuff.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity and bulkiness of the design, which consists in the presence of a check valve between the compressor and the receiver, and in the case of several proportional valves, the presence of several relief valves. Also, the lack of automation of the process, which consists in the impossibility of simultaneously opening all pneumatic valves if it is necessary to immediately relieve pressure.

The technical problem solved by the claimed invention is the need to overcome the shortcomings inherent in analogues and the prototype, by creating a reliable and stable harness design, equipped with a pneumatic chamber, even in conditions of damage.

Brief disclosure of the essence of the invention

The technical result achieved by using the claimed invention is to simplify the design and stabilize the operation of the device, for example, when the pressure drops in the pneumatic system of the harness due to the formation of a supply of air under pressure.

The harness of the proposed design will ensure the operability of the device even in emergency situations associated with possible air leaks from the pneumatic system.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that a hemostatic pneumatic tourniquet, including at least one cuff with a pneumatic chamber, connected to a control unit containing at least one pneumatic valve connected to the cuff, an air compressor with a power source, a microcontroller and means for indicating the pneumatic pressure chamber, according to the technical solution, as part of the control unit contains a receiver connected to the compressor and at least one pneumatic valve. The control unit is also equipped with a relief valve connected to the compressor and at least one pneumatic valve.

Brief description of the drawings

The claimed invention is illustrated by the following images, where

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a general view of the proposed device,

In FIG. 2 shows a pneumatic diagram of the tourniquet, which demonstrates the presence of at least two pneumatic valves in the hemostatic tourniquet, as well as the execution of the receiver and compressor directly connected to each other.

Positions in the drawings are indicated:

1. Cuff,

2. Pneumatic chamber,

3. Control unit,

4. Compressor,

5. Power supply,

6. Receiver,

7. Means of indication,

8. Union of the control unit for connecting cuffs,

9. Inlet fitting of the pneumatic chamber,

10. Pressure sensor,

11. Relief valve,

12. Valve with electric control (pneumatic valve).

Implementation of the invention

The hemostatic electronic-pneumatic tourniquet contains a cuff 1 made of soft materials, with the possibility of fixation on the limb, for example, by making a Velcro fastener on its surface. The cuff contains a pneumatic chamber 2, which has an inlet fitting for connecting an air supply tube. The tourniquet may contain several such cuffs, preferably of different sizes, to enable the fixation of several zones at the same time. The device also includes an electronic control unit 3, in which an air compressor 4 is located, which provides air injection into the cuff pneumatic chamber, connected to a power source 5, which can be either autonomous (battery) or connected to an external network. Pneumatic valves 12 are also placed in the control unit 3, through fittings 8 of which air is supplied from the compressor to the pneumatic chamber of each cuff. Pneumatic chambers are also provided with appropriate fittings 9. Preferably 3-4 pneumatic valves, however, the device can be used with one pneumatic valve and cuff. A receiver 6 is installed between the compressor and the pneumatic valves, which ensures the formation of an air supply when pumped by the compressor. The receiver is connected to each of the pneumatic valves. The electronic-pneumatic control unit 3 also includes control buttons: a power button, an air compressor button, a pressure release button. The electronic-pneumatic control unit contains a microcontroller (not shown in the drawing) with a program stored in its memory. The microcontroller, using instructions generated by the program, controls the operation of the air compressor 4 and each pneumatic valve 12, providing the set pressure value in the cuff 1, determined by the pressure sensor 10. In addition, the microcontroller displays information about the time elapsed since the device was turned on and the pressure value in the cuff on the means of indicating the pressure of the pneumatic chamber, for example, a liquid crystal indicator 7. The device allows you to automatically pressurize the cuff 1 to 1200 mm Hg. (for the upper limb) or up to 300 mm Hg. (for the lower limb). The control unit is also equipped with a relief valve 11, which ensures the simultaneous opening of all pneumatic valves, if necessary, instantaneous pressure relief.

After the device is turned on and the button is pressed, air is pumped into cuff 1 for 20-25 seconds to a predetermined pressure. In the future, the pressure is maintained due to the constant pumping of air by the air compressor 4. The receiver 6, installed between the compressor and the pneumatic valve, makes it possible to reduce the frequency of turning on the compressor 4 for pumping, providing additional maintenance of air pressure in the system.

The simplicity of the device and its low weight allow you to independently apply a tourniquet with one hand. The tourniquet of the proposed design ensures that the blood flow in the large arteries of individual limbs is stopped, which leads to a decrease in the volume of the human circulatory system due to the isolation of the limbs from the circulatory system.

Claims (1)

A hemostatic pneumatic tourniquet, comprising at least one cuff with a pneumatic chamber connected to a control unit containing interconnected at least two pneumatic valves connected to the cuff, an air compressor with a power source, a microcontroller and pneumatic chamber pressure indication means, in which the control unit contains a receiver between the compressor and at least two pneumatic valves and one relief valve, while the compressor is directly connected to the receiver, and the relief valve is configured to ensure simultaneous opening of all pneumatic valves.

Images