RU2717378C1 - Device and method for regime limitation of power consumption of infrastructure type objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to electric measuring equipment and can be used for measurement of electric energy parameters in single-phase and three-phase alternating current circuits in solving problems of continuous monitoring of electric energy quality (hereinafter, EEQ), determination of sources of deterioration of quality of EEQ and reasons for deterioration of EEQ for the purpose of prediction and automated prevention of emergency situations in power systems of infrastructure facilities of the regional electrical complex and extension of service life of electric power consumers. Device and method for mode limitation of power consumption of infrastructure type objects are proposed. Device for mode limitation of power consumption of infrastructure-type objects comprises sensors for measuring voltage, current and frequency, microprocessor, time measuring unit with lithium-polymer (LiPo) power supply, power supply unit from stationary electrical network of general purpose. Besides, there is a sensor for measuring frequency of electric current, a multichannel duplex digital modem for a power line, an Ethernet-WiFi-Bluetooth chipset with open standards of 433, 868 and 915 MHz for forming a WEB radio interface, adjustment of device operation and automatic construction of self-organizing mesh-network of similar devices, as well as electromagnetic relay for control of consumer access to stationary electrical network of general purpose. Non-volatile flash memory (volume up to 2 Gb) stores information on value of consumed current, its frequency, voltage, calculated power and detected critical situations for each previous operator set operating time intervals of system in formats *.TXT, *.CSV or *.XLS with indication of date and time of current time zone of information read from sensors. Method for regime limitation of power consumption of infrastructure type objects, where complex analysis of obtained data is performed from devices for mode limitation of power consumption by their processing on a remote server, wherein intelligent processing of power consumption data to form a resource limitation plan of each of the objects on the remote server, requiring limitation, is carried out in real time based on apparatus of R-distributions, which includes construction of R3-distribution, which is built for conditions of R3-mode, R2-distribution - for R2-mode and R1-distribution - for R1-mode, wherein to establish R3-mode by receiving command of decision-maker from remote server on all objects are forced disconnected from power supply consumers of third category, secondary consumers do not directly affect the performance of objects of main tasks; when R2-mode is set, consumers of the second category, consumers, disconnection of which does not affect the execution of main tasks by objects for a certain period of time, are forcibly disconnected from power supply; to establish R1-mode, consumers of the first category, consumers, which determine execution of main tasks by objects, are forcibly disconnected from power supply.

EFFECT: invention discloses a device and a method for regime limitation of power consumption of infrastructure type objects.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to measure electric current, voltage, frequency in single-phase and three-phase AC circuits in solving problems of continuous monitoring of the quality of electric energy (CEE), to identify sources of deterioration in the quality of CEE and the reasons for the deterioration of CEE in order to automatically predict and for preventing emergencies in energy systems of infrastructure facilities of individuals of technocenological type as part of a regional electrotechnical complex Lex, which is understood as limited in space and time, possessing technocenological properties, an interconnected set of sources and consumers of electricity [1, 2].

Electric energy meters are known, for example, a counter described in the description of US patent No. 6.823.273, class. NPK 702/61, cl. IPC G06F 12/14, publ. 11/23/2004, containing a microprocessor, at least one data input / output port connected to the microprocessor, and at least one memory device electrically connected to the microprocessor, current sensors and voltage sensors through a converter connected to the microprocessor, a data display device , RS-232 interface, microprocessor-related modem.

A device is known, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2208800 from 07.20.2003, describing the technical result used in the construction of automated control systems for electricity in a multi-channel network.

A device is known, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2501024 dated 06/07/2012, which describes the technical result used in the construction of multi-function multi-tariff electric energy metering devices designed for operational control of electric network parameters in power supply systems with the possibility of transmitting information over the air. The disadvantage of this invention is the use of a cellular modem, which leads to higher cost of operation, because for data exchange will be carried out on a fee basis at the rates of the mobile operator.

Also known is an electronic electric energy meter described in the description of US patent No. 6.611.134, class. NPK 324/74, cl. IPC G01R 11/32, publ. 08/26/2003, comprising a microprocessor, current sensors, voltage sensors, a converter, information input / output ports, a display device, a keyboard connected to the microprocessor.

The disadvantages of the devices for US patent No. 6.823.273 and 6.611.134, RF No. 2208800, 2501024 is the lack of sensors for measuring the frequency of electrical energy (Fig. 1 (11)), the chipset of the radio interfaces (Fig. 1 (8)) for free exchange data both with the device and between devices, an ethernet interface (Fig. 1 (5)), an electromagnetic relay for emergency disconnection of a consumer of electric energy, a broadband modem over a power line (Fig. 1 (7)).

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is an electric energy meter, described in the description of the utility model to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 92729, class. IPC G01R 21/06, G01R 22/00, publ. 03/27/2010, containing a microcontroller, current sensors, voltage sensors, input / output ports of information, a display device, non-volatile memory connected to the microcontroller.

The disadvantage of the described construction is the inability to store data on the frequency of consumed electricity and automatically predicted critical situations using the regime formation procedure in the formats * .TXT, * .CSV or * .XLS; there is no block of sensors for measuring the frequency of electric current (Fig. 1 (11 (11 )), at least one Ethernet controller (Fig. 1 (5)), a broadband duplex digital modem for the power line (Fig. 1 (7)) and a relay unit (Fig. 1 (3)) for both local and automated remote disconnection of the consumer from the ele power network, which is necessary when performing continuous monitoring of the quality of electric energy in order to predict and automatically prevent an emergency in the power system, there is also no chipset of open radio frequency standards at 433, 868 and 915 MHz combined with WiFi and Bluetooth interfaces for the automated formation of self-organizing mesh -nets (Fig. 1 (8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4)) of three or more such devices, there is no description of the type of non-volatile memory.

When creating the invention, the task was to develop a device and method, allowing:

- Reliably store reliable information about the consumed electricity (frequency, voltage and electric current values in * .TXT, * .CSV and * .XLS formats) in non-volatile memory of the SecureDigital standard (Flash microSD) with a capacity of no more than 2 GB and transfer it to the timely an automated accounting and forecasting system on the server of a regional situational center of a subject of the Russian Federation via hardware-specified communication channels;

- continuously analyze the parameters of the frequency, voltage and electric current read from the sensors to calculate power and evaluate according to the built-in criteria using the described method of operating normalization of the need for automatic or remote shutdown of the device when exceeding the permissible norms of energy consumption, as well as in case of short circuit.

When operating the facilities of the regional electrical complex in various operating modes established by regulatory documents [3, 4, 6, 7], there is a need to accurately account for the operating time of electricity consumers at the facility, in order to:

- registration of current values;

- scheduling loads;

- analysis of the functioning of equipment;

- calculation of active and reactive powers;

- determining the quality of electrical energy.

Particularly distinguished is a certain class of objects specifically designed to work in the electrical circuits of power supply systems, and these objects are called receivers and consumers of electricity. Electricity receiver is a functionally complete system designed to convert electricity to other types of energy. Consumer - a person (physical or legal), acquiring electric energy for their own domestic or industrial needs. As a rule, power consumption is a measure that reflects the main property of the receivers or consumers of electricity.

Mathematically, power consumption at the point of attachment to a common electrical circuit is defined as the work of the electric field, i.e. the integral of the function of electric power at a given point versus time, taken within the limits specified by that period of time for which we estimate power consumption. In this case, active, reactive or apparent power can be taken as electric power. In sinusoidal electrical circuits: active power is the product of the effective values of current and voltage by the cosine of the phase angle between the current and voltage vectors; reactive power - the production of current values of current and voltage by the sine of the phase angle between the current and voltage vectors; apparent power is the product of the effective values of current and voltage. It should be noted that with this approach, all parameters become easily measurable (current values of current and voltage, as well as phase shift).

In accordance with expression (1), one of the most important characteristics of a regional electrical complex is calculated — the value of power consumption [1].

where w is the magnitude of the power consumption of the facility, which is part of the regional electrical complex;

U is the voltage;

I is the current strength;

Δt is the operating time of the consumer of electricity.

Given the fact that the value of U is constant, the determination of the value of w depends on I and the time of operation of the object.

Currently, at the facilities of regional electrical complexes, devices for measuring current in circuits are practically not used due to their considerable cost. At the same time, an exact change in this value will allow you to accurately determine the value of power consumption of objects, as well as active and reactive power [4, 8].

Moreover, electric meters for determining reactive power in modern regional electrical complexes are practically not used, however, accounting for reactive power allows you to take into account the loss of electrical energy and improve mutual settlements with network organizations, thereby significantly saving the money of consumers of regional electrical complexes.

Such a device should have a number of significantly significant characteristics [4]:

- a high degree of reliability during operation;

- long term of operation;

- low cost when buying;

- lack of influence on the quality of electricity;

- high accuracy class;

- low measurement error;

- small overall dimensions.

For the convenience of experimental fixation of power consumption by metering devices (electricity meters that integrate power over time) and the normalization of contractual relations between suppliers and consumers of electricity, it is customary to quantize power consumption by one unit over a period of time of one hour. At the same time, off-system units act as units of energy consumption: by active power - kW⋅h; by reactive power - kVAr⋅ch; at full power - kVAh.

Electric energy meters used in regional electrical engineering complexes, depending on the principle of operation, are induction and electronic [4].

In induction (electromechanical counters), the magnetic field of stationary conductive coils affects a moving element of a conductive material. The movable element is a disk through which currents induced by the magnetic field of the coils flow. The number of revolutions of the disk in this case is directly proportional to the energy consumed.

Induction electricity meter has several advantages [4]:

- a high degree of reliability during operation;

- long term of operation - the induction meter can last several tens of years;

- low cost when buying;

- the quality of electricity does not affect the operation of such meters;

The disadvantages of the induction electric meter are [4]:

- very low accuracy class (2.0);

- when reducing the load on the meter - its error only increases;

- the consumption of the meter itself in voltage and current circuits is very significant;

- lack of protection against theft of electricity;

- if necessary, consider several types of electricity - active and reactive, then you will have to use not one, but several induction meters at once;

- electricity metering is carried out in only one direction;

- large overall dimensions.

Thus, there are much more shortcomings than advantages. Now consider the pros and cons of an electronic meter.

In electronic (static counters) alternating current and voltage act on electronic elements to create pulses at the output, the number of which is proportional to the measured energy. Electricity meters have two pairs of clamps, one of which is included in the cut of the wire through which the load current flows, and the other is connected in parallel to the rated voltage of the network. In fact, all electricity meters respond to the load current (its active and / or reactive components).

An electronic electricity meter has a number of significant advantages [4]:

- high class accuracy (1.0 and more);

- maintaining multiple tariffs (two or more);

- one device can take into account several types of electricity;

- An electronic meter keeps records of electricity in two directions;

- measures the quality and quantity of power;

- Stores data related to electricity metering for a long time;

- simple and convenient access to information on electricity metering;

- Provides the ability to take electricity readings remotely using different communication interfaces;

- it is possible to use in automatic systems of the accounting of electric energy;

- a significant period of the verification interval;

- small overall dimensions.

The disadvantages of the electronic counter [4]:

- great sensitivity to the quality of electricity - switching and atmospheric overvoltage;

- high price;

- repair in case of breakage is unlikely.

The proposed device to achieve a technical result is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1, which shows a block diagram of a device;

The problem is solved in that the device for the regime of limiting the power consumption of infrastructure-type objects contains:

- Terminals (Fig. 1 (1)) for connecting the device to an electric stationary network of alternating current voltage of 220 volts. If there is an electric current in it, the device is activated.

- Self-healing fuse (Fig. 1 (2)) for regulating the excess of the physically permissible ability to transmit electric current.

- Switching power supply (Fig. 1 (12)) for converting an alternating voltage of a stationary network 220 volts to a constant voltage of 5 volts with a current strength of 4 A to power all electronic components of the device.

- Sensors for measuring the consumed electric current, voltage and frequency (Fig. 1 (6, 9, 11)) when a DC voltage of 5 V is applied to which a continuous measurement of the passing electric current through the measuring path inside the microcircuit is started.

- A microprocessor (Fig. 1 (10)), which is a “system on a chip” (hereinafter referred to as the SoC) with an integrated multiplexed ADC (analog interface of electric current, voltage and frequency sensors), as well as serial and parallel ports for data exchange on the buses, when power is supplied to which the hardware and software peripherals are initialized - the formation of variables in the RAM that ensure the operation of the mode restriction procedure, setting the conversion configuration ADC (ADC speed), status of digital outputs and data exchange buses, test data exchange with a flash drive (Fig. 1 (13)), activation of Ethernet- (Fig. 1 (5)) WiFi- (Fig. 1 (8.1) )) Bluetooth networks (Fig. 1 (8.2)) and radio interfaces of the standard 433, 868 and 915 MHz. (Fig. 1 (8.3, 8.4)).

- A time measuring unit, consisting of a calendar chip (Fig. 1 (14)) with a quartz resonator at 32768 Hz and a backup lithium-polymer (LiPo) battery (Fig. 1 (15)).

The device is controlled by firmware with a description of the mode restriction method, made in C ++, which provides the following functionality:

- initialization of the device’s periphery with transfer to the endless cycle mode (until the end of the power supply). The following operations occur in the cycle: obtaining the value of the consumed electric current, voltage and frequency, receiving the current date and time from the calendar chip (Fig. 1 (14)), forming a format string <hh: mm: ss == U = value; I = value; F = value> (hh - hours, mm - minutes, ss - seconds, U - instantaneous voltage value, I - instantaneous current value, F - instantaneous frequency value, preparing a file for recording, writing a line to a file, closing a text file. Text the file has the name of the format "YYYY-mm-HH" with the standard extension * .TXT, or in more unified formats * .CSV or * .XLS (YYYY - year, mm - month, HH-number);

- configuration management of the periphery of a microprocessor with an ARM core (system on a chip, hereinafter referred to as SoC) for controlling a calendar chip (PCF8583);

- reading ADC data of a microprocessor with an ARM core (SoC);

- data exchange via the serial port interface built into the microprocessor with a speed of 9600 baud;

- formation of a WEB-radio interface for a WiFi-Bluetooth chipset and open standards at 433, 868 and 915 MHz for the automated formation of self-organizing mesh networks (Fig. 1 (8));

- the formation of the WEB interface through a dedicated Ethernet interface (Fig. 1 (5)) with an RJ-45 socket;

- the formation of the WEB interface by converting the signals of the differential pairs of the Ethernet controller of the MAC level using FPGA ¹ ( ¹ (from the English Field-Programmable Gate Array) - programmable logic integrated circuit (FPGA), thus forming a broadband duplex power modem for power lines (Fig. 1 (7));

- measurement of the magnitude, voltage and frequency of the consumed electric current in a given time interval;

- embedding criteria for assessing the occurrence of an emergency according to the above method of operational regulation and the need to disconnect the consumer locally without remote intervention from the server of the regional situation center;

- control of the state of the electromagnetic relay (Fig. 1 (3)) to organize user access to the electrical network through the connection terminals (Fig. 1 (4));

- storage of the measured values of the consumed electric current in a file of the * .CSV or * .XLS format in the built-in flash-drive (Fig. 1 (13)) of the SecureDigital (SD) type with the FAT32 file system;

- on the basis of the accumulated data to carry out the procedure of operational regulation.

The technical result is to reduce the cost of electric energy, reduce the cost of the device due to the lack of indicators in the visible electromagnetic wave range, extend the life of consumers of electric energy, continuously monitor the quality of electric energy in order to predict and prevent emergency situations in power systems is achieved through multi-channel transmission data both on the power line and on Ethernet- WiFi- and Bluetooth-networks, also due to continuous digital processing in micropro the processor of the array of measured values of voltage, current and frequency to identify critical changes that signal the need to disconnect the device from the network and send the corresponding message about the change in network status to a central data collection server.

The proposed device is simple in execution, provides high accuracy of the results through the use of built-in software that implements the regimen regulation. The device can be used in automated systems for technical accounting of energy resources of regional electrical complexes [5, 8], as a result of which it becomes possible to reduce the cost of completing these systems and significantly increase their accuracy.

To achieve the specified technical result during the operation of the inventive device, a method is implemented for the regime of limiting the power consumption of infrastructure-type objects.

A known method of accounting for electrical energy described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2424532 dated 07/20/2011, including the conversion of instantaneous values of currents and voltages into a digital code and the determination of active energy values, the disadvantage of which is the lack of analytical processing of a digital code of instantaneous values of currents and voltages to obtain reasonable standards for limiting the power consumption of infrastructure facilities.

The known method described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2193812 dated 11.27.2002, which describes the centralized operational control of the process of supply and consumption of electric energy in AC networks, the disadvantage of which is the lack of a software module, which, based on the mode of limiting the power consumption of objects involving simulation of rank distributions, allows through the device restrictions (URO) to limit the power consumption of objects.

The known method described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2229723 from 05.27.2004, in which the integration of the product of voltage and current signals at the load is carried out and the integration result is divided by the value of the integration time interval, characterized in that the delayed product is additionally integrated in parallel in time for a fixed interval time of voltage and current signals at the load, and the measurement result is determined at even from the beginning of the measurement process moments of equality of the values of the results are integrated I and equal to the value of accumulated integrals in the moments of their equality. The disadvantage of this method is that the measurement results are not processed on the basis of the coefficient of rank distributions β, which does not allow to individually determine the rate of limitation of power consumption for each object.

The problem is solved in that the device for the mode of limiting the power consumption of infrastructure-type objects contains voltage, current and frequency sensors connected to the analog interface of a repeatedly reprogrammable microprocessor, the digital inputs of which are connected with non-volatile memory, a time measuring unit with a lithium-polymer ( LiPo) a power source, a power source from a general-purpose stationary electrical network, according to the invention, in an automated control system for power consumption of technocenological-type objects, a sensor for measuring the frequency of electric current, a multi-channel duplex digital modem for the power line, Ethernet-WiFi-Bluetooth-chipset with support for open standards 433, 868 and 915 MHz for the formation of a WEB-radio interface, debugging the device and automatic of building a self-organizing mesh network of similar devices, non-volatile flash memory (up to 2 GB) stores information about the amount of current consumed, its frequency, voltage, calculated power and identified critical situations for each previous set by the operator the operating time of the system in the formats * .TXT, * .CSV or * .XLS with the date and time of the current time zone read from the sensors information, as well as an electromagnetic relay to control consumer access to a fixed electrical network destination.

The problem is solved in the same way in that in the method for the mode of limiting the power consumption of infrastructure-type objects, which includes the infrastructural mode rationing, in which a comprehensive analysis of the data obtained from the devices for the mode of limiting the power consumption by processing them on a remote server in real time based on apparatus of R-distributions, including the establishment of an R3-mode, in which monitoring and continuous analysis of devices read from sensors in for the regime of limiting the parameters of frequency, voltage and magnitude of the electric current, the operation of logical indication of an error at a frequency in the power supply network of more than 50 Hz, after which a selection is made from the categorization database to limit objects of the third category, based on which the power consumption values of the rank distribution are modeled taking into account the restrictions power consumption of selected objects, the criterion of which is the value of the coefficient β, determined as a result of the logical indication operation, assuming which can take the form of a rank distribution, if the values of the coefficient β are in the range from one to two, after which the objects of the third category are limited in power consumption, with a different value of the coefficient β, the modeling of the values of power consumption of the rank distribution is performed anew; establishment of the R2-mode is carried out on the basis of the operation of logical indication of the error at a frequency in the power supply network of more than 50 Hz for the ranking distribution of the R3-mode, after which the selection is made from the categorization database to limit the objects of the third and second categories, based on which the power consumption values of the ranking distribution are modeled with taking into account the power consumption of selected objects, the criterion of which is the value of the coefficient β, determined as a result of the logical indication operation, which can take the form of a rank distribution, if the values of the coefficient β are in the range from one to two, after which objects of the second and third categories are limited in power consumption, with a different value of the coefficient β, the modeling of the values of power consumption of the rank distribution is performed anew; the establishment of the R1-mode is carried out on the basis of the operation of logical indication of an error at a frequency in the power supply network of more than 50 Hz after monitoring and analysis of data from the device of operational restrictions of the objects of rank distribution of the R2-mode, allowing selection from the categorization database to limit the objects of the third, second and first categories on the basis of which the power consumption values of the rank distribution are modeled taking into account the power consumption restrictions of selected objects of the first category, supplemented by objects in of the second and third categories, the criterion of which is the value of the coefficient β, determined as a result of the operation of the logical indication of the error, assuming the adoption of the form of a rank distribution, if the values of the coefficient β are in the range from one to two, after which the objects of the first, second and third categories are limited in power consumption , with a different value of the coefficient β, the simulation of the power consumption values of the rank distribution is carried out anew.

The problem is solved by implementing a method of regime limitation of power consumption of infrastructure-type objects based on infrastructure regime regulation in which a comprehensive analysis of the data obtained from devices for regime limitation (hereinafter - URO) of energy consumption by processing them on a remote server, while intelligent processing of data on energy consumption to formulate a resource constraint plan for each of the objects on the remote server that require restrictions on occurrence real-time audit based on the apparatus of R-distributions (Figs. 2-3), which includes the construction of an R3 distribution, constructed for the conditions of the R3 mode, the R2 distribution for the R2 mode, and the R1 distribution for R1- mode, and in order to establish the R3 mode by the received command, the decision maker from the remote server at all objects is forcibly disconnected from the power supply, consumers of the third category, minor consumers who do not directly affect the performance of the main tasks by the objects, when setting and of the R2 mode, consumers of the second category are forcibly disconnected from the power supply, consumers whose disconnection does not affect the performance of the main tasks by the objects for a certain period of time, to establish the R1 mode, consumers of the first category are forcibly disconnected from the power supply, consumers determining the performance of objects main tasks.

In FIG. 4 shows the sequence for establishing the R3 mode by the method of regime limitation of power consumption of infrastructure-type objects, where:

Block-1 (Fig. 4 (1)) allows you to monitor data from the URO, continuously analyze the parameters of frequency, voltage and electric current read from the sensors.

Logical block-a (Fig. 4 (a)), which provides an indication at a frequency in the mains of more than 50 Hz.

Block-2 (Fig. 4 (2)) selects from the database the categorization of objects of the third category for restriction.

Block 3 (Fig. 4 (3)) modeling the power consumption of a rank distribution based on the coefficient β.

Logical block b (Fig. 4 (b)) for the criteria-based assessment of the rank distribution based on coefficient β.

Block 4 (Fig. 4 (4)) limits consumers of the third category and establish the R3 mode.

In block-1 (Fig. 4 (1)), the data received from the URO is monitored. The sample includes parameters of frequency, voltage and electric current for calculating power. The monitoring result is reflected using a logic device (Fig. 4 (a)), which provides an indication for modeling the power consumption of the rank distribution based on the coefficient β at a frequency of more than 50 Hz in block-3 (Fig. 4 (3)). In another case, further monitoring is carried out in block-1 (Fig. 4 (1)). In block-2 (Fig. 4 (2)), a selection of less significant objects of the third category is implemented to limit power consumption. Based on the parameters of the selected objects obtained with URO in block-3 (Fig. 4 (3)), power consumption modeling for the selected objects is carried out. The simulation is implemented using software that uses the construction of rank distributions (2).

The main criterion for the correct selection of objects of the third category to limit the construction is a simulated ranking distribution based on the coefficient β, which is taken as follows:

The coefficient value is displayed in logic block b (Fig. 4 (b)). In the case of obtaining a rank distribution with the necessary coefficients β, individual norms for restricting power consumption are formed for each selected object. Next, in block-4 (Fig. 4 (4)) programmatically using the URO, the power consumption is limited for the selected objects of the third category and the R3 mode is set. If the coefficient β does not satisfy condition (3), re-modeling and redistribution of norms is carried out to limit power consumption.

In FIG. 5 shows the sequence of establishing the R2-mode by the method of regime limitation of power consumption of infrastructure-type objects, where:

Block-5 (Fig. 5 (5)) allows you to monitor data from the URO, continuously analyze the frequency, voltage and electric current values read from the sensors.

Logical block-a (Fig. 5 (a)), which provides an indication at a frequency in the mains of more than 50 Hz.

Block 6 (Fig. 5 (6)) selects from the database the categorization of objects of the second and third categories for restriction.

Block 7 (Fig. 5 (7)) modeling the power consumption of a ranking distribution based on coefficient β.

Logical block b (Fig. 5 (b)) for the criteria-based assessment of the rank distribution based on coefficient β.

Block-8 (Fig. 5 (8)) limits consumers of the second category and establish the R3 mode.

In block 5 (Fig. 5 (5)), the data received from the URO is monitored. The sample includes parameters of frequency, voltage and electric current for calculating the power consumption of objects of the R3-mode. The monitoring result is reflected using a logic device (Fig. 5 (a)), which provides an indication for modeling the power consumption of the rank distribution based on the coefficient β at a frequency of more than 50 Hz in block-7 (Fig. 5 (7)). Moreover, monitoring is carried out in the established R3 mode. In another case, further monitoring is carried out in block-5 (Fig. 5 (5)). In block-6 (Fig. 5 (6)), a selection of less significant objects of the second category is implemented to limit power consumption, which complement limited consumers of the third category. Based on the parameters of the selected objects obtained with URO in block-7 (Fig. 5 (7)), power consumption modeling for the selected objects is carried out. The simulation is implemented using software that uses the mathematical apparatus for constructing rank distributions (2). The main criterion for the correct selection of objects of the second and third categories to limit the construction is a simulated ranking distribution based on (3).

The coefficient value is displayed in logic block b (Fig. 5 (b)). In the case of obtaining a ranking distribution with the necessary coefficients β, individual norms for restricting power consumption are formed for each selected object of the second and third categories. Next, in block-8 (Fig. 5 (8)) programmatically using the URO, the power consumption is limited for the selected objects of the second and third categories and the R2 mode is set. If the coefficient β does not satisfy condition (3), re-modeling and redistribution of norms is carried out to limit power consumption.

In FIG. 6 shows the sequence of establishing the R1-mode by the method of regime limitation of power consumption of infrastructure-type objects, where:

Block-9 (Fig. 6 (9)) allows you to monitor data from the URO, continuously analyze the parameters of frequency, voltage and electric current read from the sensors.

Logical block-a (Fig. 6 (a)), which provides an indication at a frequency in the mains greater than 50 Hz.

Block-10 (Fig. 6 (10)) selects from the database the categorization of objects of the first category for restriction.

Block-11 (Fig. 6 (11)) modeling power consumption of a ranking distribution based on coefficient β.

Logical block b (Fig. 6 (b)) for the criteria-based assessment of the rank distribution based on coefficient β.

Block-12 (Fig. 6 (12)) limits consumers of the first category and establish the R1-mode.

In block-9 (Fig. 6 (9), the data obtained from the URO is monitored. The sample includes parameters of frequency, voltage, and electric current for calculating the power consumption of R2-mode objects. The monitoring result is reflected using a logical device (Fig. 6 ( a)), which provides an indication for modeling the power consumption of a rank distribution based on the coefficient β at a frequency of more than 50 Hz in block-11 (Fig. 6 (11)). Moreover, monitoring is carried out in the established R2-mode. In another case, further th monitoring in block-9 (Fig. 6 (9)). In block-10 (Fig. 6 (10)), less important objects of the first category are used to limit power consumption, which complement limited consumers of the second and third categories. The selected objects received from the URO in block 11 (Fig. 6 (11)) are used to simulate power consumption for the selected objects.The simulation is implemented using software that uses the mathematical apparatus for constructing rank distributions (1). The main criterion for the correct selection of objects of the second and third categories to limit the construction is a simulated ranking distribution based on (3).

The coefficient value is displayed in the logic block (Fig. 6 (b)). In the case of obtaining a ranking distribution with the necessary coefficients β, individual norms for restricting power consumption are formed for each selected object of the second and third categories. Next, in block-12 (Fig. 6 (12)) programmatically using the URO, the power consumption is limited for the selected objects of the second and third categories and the R2 mode is set. If the coefficient β does not satisfy condition (3), re-modeling and redistribution of norms is carried out to limit power consumption.

The technical result is to reduce the cost of electric energy, to extend the life of consumers of electric energy, to continuously monitor the quality of electric energy in order to predict and automatically prevent emergencies in energy systems by way of mode restriction both from the URO itself and from the server of the regional situation center achieved through multichannel data transfer of a self-organizing mesh network both over the power line and over Ethernet-WiFi- and Bluetooth- networks and open standards of 433, 868 and 915 MHz, due to continuous digital processing in the microprocessor of an array of measured values of voltage, current and frequency based on the mathematical apparatus of R-distributions, based on simulation of rank distributions.

In addition, the implementation of this method when the device is operating in a mode of limiting power consumption by objects of a technocenological type allows for mode restrictions on the power consumption of objects without violating the technological process of their functioning. The inventive method and device can be applied to limit power consumption in emergency situations and in an endangered period.

List of references

1. Gnatyuk, V. I. The law of optimal construction of technocenoses / V.I. Gnatyuk. - Access mode: http://gnatukvi.ru/ind.html.

2. Gnatyuk, V.I. The law of optimal construction of technocenoses [Monograph] / V.I. Gnatyuk. - 2nd ed., Revised. and add. - Electronic text data. - Kaliningrad: [Publishing house of the CEC "Technocenosis"], [2017]. - Access mode: http://gnatukvi.ru/ind.html, free.

3. Ivashchenko, A.A. Regulatory support for categorizing facilities for reliability of power supply to the Russian Federation and countries of the Customs Union at the present stage of economic development / A.A. Ivashchenko, V.I. Gnatyuk, O.R. Kivchun, D.I. Tali // IV International Baltic Sea Forum. II International Conference "Innovative Entrepreneurship - 2016", - Kaliningrad: Publishing House of BFFSA, 2016. - S. 1573-1582.

4. Kudrin, B.I. Power supply of industrial enterprises / B.I. Kudrin. - M .: Intermet Engineering, 2005 .-- 672 p.

5. Nadtoka, I.I. Rationing, control and management of power consumption in the ACS of the energy sector of the enterprise / I.I. Nadtoka // Electrical loads and power consumption in the new business environment: workshop materials. - Novocherkassk, 1989 .-- S. 133-136.

6. On energy conservation and on improving energy efficiency and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation: Federal Law of the Russian Federation of November 23, 2009 No. 261-ФЗ. Access from ref. - Legal system “Consultant Plus”.

7. Rules for the installation of electrical installations / Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation. - 7th ed., - M.: Energoatomizdat, - 2003. - 640 p.

8. Turbinis, V.V. Automated electricity metering systems for household consumers / V.V. Turbinis // Energy Saving - 2005. - No. 10.

Claims (2)

1. A device for limiting the power consumption of infrastructure-type objects, containing voltage, current, and frequency sensors connected to the analog interface of a repeatedly reprogrammable microprocessor, with non-volatile memory, a time measuring unit with a lithium-polymer (LiPo) power source, and a source power supply from a stationary electric network of general purpose, characterized in that in an automated control system for power consumption of objects of technical of an evaluation type, an electric current frequency measuring sensor, a multichannel duplex digital modem for the power line, an Ethernet-WiFi-Bluetooth chipset with support for open standards 433, 868 and 915 MHz were introduced to form a WEB radio interface, debug device operation and automatically build a self-organizing mesh network similar devices, non-volatile flash memory (up to 2 GB) stores information about the amount of current consumed, its frequency, voltage, calculated power and identified critical situations for each previous s intervals set by the operator of the system runtime in * .THT, * .CSV and * .XLS with the date and time the current time zone information read from the sensors, as well as electromagnetic relays for access control to the user of the stationary electric general-purpose network. 2. A method for limiting the power consumption of infrastructure-type objects, including infrastructural regimen regulation, which implements a comprehensive analysis of the data received from devices for the regime of limiting power consumption by processing them on a remote server in real time based on the R-distribution apparatus, including establishing an R3-mode, in which monitoring and continuous analysis of devices read from sensors are carried out to limit parameters often s, voltages and magnitude of electric current, the operation of logical indication of an error at a frequency in the power supply network of more than 50 Hz, after which they select from the categorization database to limit the objects of the third category, on the basis of which they model the power consumption values of the rank distribution taking into account the power consumption of the selected objects, by the criterion which is the value of the coefficient β, determined as a result of the logical indication operation, assuming the adoption of the form if the values of the coefficient β are in the range from one to two, after which the objects of the third category are limited in power consumption, with a different value of the coefficient β, the modeling of the values of power consumption of the rank distribution is performed anew; establishment of the R2 mode is carried out on the basis of the operation of logical indication of an error at a frequency in the power supply network of more than 50 Hz for the rank distribution of the R3 mode, after which a selection is made from the categorization database to limit objects of the third and second categories, on the basis of which power consumption values of the rank distribution are modeled with taking into account the power consumption of selected objects, the criterion of which is the value of the coefficient β, determined as a result of the logical indication operation, that aggravates the adoption of the form of a rank distribution if the values of the coefficient β are in the range from one to two, after which objects of the second and third categories are limited in power consumption, with a different value of the coefficient β, the modeling of the values of power consumption of the rank distribution is performed anew; the establishment of the R1-mode is carried out on the basis of the operation of logical indication of an error at a frequency in the power supply network of more than 50 Hz after monitoring and analyzing data from the device of operational restrictions of the objects of rank distribution of the R2-mode, allowing selection from the categorization database to limit the objects of the third, second and first categories on the basis of which the power consumption values of the rank distribution are modeled taking into account the power consumption restrictions of selected objects of the first category, supplemented by objects the second and third categories, the criterion of which is the value of the coefficient β, determined as a result of the operation of logical indication of the error, assuming the adoption of the form of a rank distribution, if the values of the coefficient β are in the range from one to two, after which the objects of the first, second and third categories are limited in power consumption , with a different value of the coefficient β, the simulation of the power consumption values of the rank distribution is carried out anew.

Images