RU2716982C1 - Combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building, namely, to mechanisms of adjustment of gaps in concave parts of threshing device of combine harvesters. Combine harvesting machine comprises a harvester with an inclined chamber, a threshing separating device with two or more threshing drums and decks connected hingedly by means of suspensions. Decks interact with the mechanism for adjusting the gaps in the concavities. Axes of hinge joints 11 of suspension of adjacent decks are made in the form of cylinders with eccentrics fixed on them, which are installed in side frames of adjacent decks frames on axis of their suspensions with the possibility of their fixation against free rotation by turning levers 14. Rotary levers 14 are connected with rods 15 of mechanism for adjustment of gaps in concaves. One of the suspensions is installed in slots 16 of sidewalls of threshing-separating device with possibility of limited movement in transverse direction of combine plane motion. Other deck suspensions are installed in slots 17 and 18 of sidewalls of threshing-separating device with possibility of free movement in transverse direction of combine harvester movement plane.

EFFECT: invention provides for increased safety of harvested grain.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to self-propelled combine harvesters.

A known combine harvester containing a header with an inclined chamber, a threshing and separating device with two or more threshing drums and pivotally connected by means of suspensions decks interacting with the mechanism for adjusting the gaps in the concave, cleaning, hopper and chassis with a motor unit [Combine harvester self-propelled KZS-1420 "PALESSE GS14" Operating Instructions KZK-1420-0000000 IE. Gomselmash OJSC, 2016, p. 22, 25].

Before performing the process, the gaps in the concave are adjusted using the appropriate mechanism; The size of these gaps is determined by the yield and type of harvested crops. However, if the values of these gaps are maximum or close to maximum, then “bags” are formed between decks and threshing drums in the middle parts. In these "bags" during the threshing process, grain accumulates. The accumulation of grain leads to its partial crushing (damage), which is the disadvantage of this combine.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a combine harvester containing a header with an inclined chamber, a threshing and separating device with two or more threshing drums and pivotally coupled decks interacting with the mechanism for adjusting gaps in the concave, cleaning, hopper and chassis with motor installation [Self-propelled combine harvester KZS-1624-1 "PALESSE GS16" Operating Instructions KZK-16-1-0000000E IE. Gomselmash OJSC, 2017, p. 25, 27, 89].

Before performing the process using the appropriate mechanism, the gaps in the concave are adjusted. With a high yield, the values of these gaps are maximum or close to maximum. In this case, between the decks and threshing drums in the middle parts "bags" are formed. In these "bags" during the threshing process, grain accumulates. Accumulation of grain leads to its partial crushing, which reduces the safety of harvested grain.

Thus, the low preservation of grain is the main drawback of this combine harvester.

The technical problem solved by the claimed invention is to increase the safety of harvested grain due to the additional more accurate installation of gaps in the concave.

The task is achieved by the fact that in a combine harvester containing a header with an inclined chamber, a threshing and separating device with two or more threshing drums and pivotally coupled decks interacting with the mechanism for adjusting gaps in the concave, cleaning, hopper and chassis with a motor installation, the axis of the hinge joints of the suspensions of adjacent decks are made in the form of cylinders with eccentrics fixed to them, installed in the sidewalls of the frames of adjacent decks on the axis of their suspension ok with the possibility of their fixation from free rotation by pivoting levers connected to the manism rods to adjust the gaps in the concave, moreover, one of the decks suspensions is installed in the grooves of the sides of the threshing and separating device with the possibility of limited movement in the transverse direction of the combine harvester movement, and the rest of the decks suspensions installed in the grooves of the sidewalls of the threshing and separating device with the possibility of free movement in the transverse direction of movement of the combine harvester plane, in addition, the eccentric Ricks can be located between the sides of the threshing and separating device, and the pivoting levers can be located on the outside of the sides of the threshing and separating device.

The combination of distinctive features of the claimed technical solution allows to obtain a previously unknown effect, expressed in the fact that the execution in the combine harvester of the axes of the swivel joints of the suspensions of adjacent decks in the form of cylinders with eccentrics fixed to them, installed in the sidewalls of the frames of adjacent decks on the axis of their suspensions with the possibility of their fixation from free rotation of the pivoting levers connected to the manism rods to adjust the gaps in the concave, the installation of one of the decks suspensions in the grooves of the sidewalls silo-separating device with the possibility of limited movement in the transverse direction of the combine harvester plane, and the installation of the remaining suspensions decks in the grooves of the sidewalls of the threshing and separating device with the possibility of free movement in the transverse direction of the combine harvester of the plane, increases the safety of the harvested grain, which is not obvious for a specialist from the prior art.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, on which:

FIG. 1 is a general view of a combine harvester;

FIG. 2 - a mechanism for adjusting gaps in the concave;

FIG. 3 is a section AA in FIG. 2 on a larger scale

FIG. 4 is a section BB in FIG. 2 on a larger scale

FIG. 5 is a section BB of FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale.

Combine harvester containing a header 1 with an inclined chamber 2, a threshing and separating device 3 with two or more threshing drums 4 and pivotally connected with suspensions (not shown in FIG.) By decks 5 interacting with the mechanism (not shown in FIG.) For adjustment of the concave clearances, cleaning 6, hopper 7 and chassis 8 with motor unit 9. Cylinders 10 are the axes of the hinge joints 11 of the suspensions of adjacent decks 5. On the cylinders 10 are mounted eccentrics 12 mounted in the sides 13 of the frames of adjacent decks 5 on and their suspensions fixable by their free rotation of pivoting levers 14. The levers 14 are connected to rods 15 manizma to adjust backlashes in the concave. One of the decks suspensions 5 is installed in the grooves 16 with the possibility of limited movement in the transverse direction of movement of the combine harvester plane. The rest of the suspension deck 5 are installed in the grooves 17 and 18 with the possibility of free movement in the transverse direction of movement of the combine plane. The grooves 16, 17 and 18 are made in the sidewalls 19 of the threshing and separating device 3. Eccentrics 12 can be located between the sides of the 19 threshing and separating device 3, and the pivoting arms 14 are located on the outside of the sidewalls 19 of the threshing and separating device 3.

Combine harvester operates as follows.

Before the process is carried out, the gaps in the concave are adjusted using the appropriate mechanism. The size of these gaps is determined by the yield and type of harvested crops. However, if the values of these gaps are maximum or close to maximum, then between the decks 5 and threshing drums 4 in the middle parts "bags" are formed. In these "bags" already in the process of threshing grain will accumulate. Accumulation of grain will lead to its partial crushing. To prevent partial damage to the grain finer adjustment of the gaps in the concave. For this, the eccentrics 12 mounted on the cylinders 10 in the sidewalls 13 of the frames of adjacent decks 5 are rotated in one direction or another. At the same time, one of the decks 5 suspensions will move in the grooves 16 of the sidewalls 19 of the threshing-separating device 3, moving limitedly in the transverse direction of movement of the combine harvester plane. The remaining suspensions of Dec 5 will move in the grooves 17 and 18 of the sidewalls 19 of the threshing and separating device 3, freely moving in the transverse direction of the combine harvester plane. Next, the eccentrics 12 are fixed from free rotation by pivoting levers 14 connected to the rods 15 of the mechanism for adjusting the gaps in the concave.

When performing the technological process, the header 1 cuts off the technological material, which through an inclined chamber 2 enters the threshing separating device 3. In the gaps between the drums 4 and decks 5, the technological material is threshed. After cleaning 6, the grain part enters the hopper 7, not the grain part of the process material is thrown into the field.

Thus, the use of a finer adjustment of the gaps in the concave in the design of the combine harvester will exclude the tastic crushing of grain between the threshing drums 4 and decks 5, which will ensure the safety of the harvested grain.

The claimed technical solution of the combine harvester is suitable for industrial implementation in an industrial enterprise specializing in the production of agricultural harvesting equipment.

Claims (2)

1. Combine harvester containing a header with an inclined chamber, a threshing and separating device with two or more threshing drums and pivotally connected decks pivotally interacting with the mechanism for adjusting gaps in the concave, cleaning, hopper and undercarriage with a motor unit, characterized the fact that the axis of the hinge joints of the suspensions of adjacent decks are made in the form of cylinders with eccentrics fixed to them, installed in the sidewalls of the frames of adjacent decks on the axis of their suspensions fixation from free rotation by pivoting levers connected to the rods of the mechanism for adjusting gaps in the concave, moreover, one of the suspension suspensions is installed in the grooves of the sidewalls of the threshing and separating device with the possibility of limited movement in the transverse direction of movement of the combine, and the other suspension suspensions are installed in the grooves of the sidewalls -separating device with the possibility of free movement in the transverse direction of movement of the combine plane. 2. Combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentrics are located between the sides of the threshing and separating device, and the rotary levers are located on the outside of the sides of the threshing and separating device.

Images