RU2711282C1 - Blast furnace main discharge chute - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, particularly, to design of blast furnace main chute. Bilge furnace chute is divided into two main parts, wherein first part located from case plate to settling tank has a slope towards sump of not less than 3 %, and second part, presented in form of settler with cast-iron and slag passes, is conjugated with first part and has equidistant variable width with its increase in end part, at that, from the chute to the slag pass there is a transition made with the bottom part slope towards the chute of not more than 30°.EFFECT: invention provides reduction of cast iron losses due to increased efficiency of iron and slag separation, reduction of costs of iron ore raw material, coke and energy carriers, increased resistance of lining and reduced volume of refractory concrete, which allows to reduce additionally the flow rate of liquefied mass on lining.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the design of the main trough of a blast furnace.

The prior art various designs of the main channel of the blast furnace.

A known design of the exhaust main channel of the blast furnace [1] (VV Poltavets. Blast furnace production. M., "Metallurgy", 1981, S. 292-293.), In which a skimmer partition (siphon) separating slag and cast iron, installed across the motion of cast iron and slag immediately after the slag ditch. After the skimmer partition, the pig iron enters the drive between the skimmer partition and the end wall of the gutter, from where it is sent to the cast-iron transport chute.

The disadvantage of this design of the exhaust chute is the insufficient length of the chute, for blast furnaces with increased specific productivity, along which the flow of smelting products moves, leading to the fact that cast iron and slag are not completely separated from each other and a significant amount of metal inclusions from the slag chute slag. In addition, the skimmer baffle mounted across the outlet trough experiences a ferrostatic pressure of the smelting products, which causes its wear.

The closest in technical solution and the achieved results is the exhaust chute of the blast furnace [2] (RU No. 90791 The exhaust chute of the blast furnace ”MPK ⁶ C21B7 / 00, published on January 20, 2010, Bull. No. 2), containing the main chute, skimmer partition, transport slag chute, in which the skimmer partition is located in the lining of the side wall adjacent to the cast-iron transport chute, in the end zone in front of the slag transport chute there is a storage chamber with its bottom part inclined 7-10 ° towards the main chute.

The disadvantage of this device is the insufficient complete separation of cast iron and slag. In addition, the walls of the storage chamber, which form a 90 ° angle in the lining, experience cyclic geometric expansions directed to one point, which leads to the destruction of the welded joint and the body of the casing card at the junction and, as a result, the formation of cracks in the refractory and premature failure .

The technical result of the present invention is to reduce losses of cast iron by increasing the efficiency of separation of cast iron and slag, which allows to increase production, reduce specific costs of iron ore, coke and energy, as well as increase the lining resistance and reduce the volume of bulk refractory concrete, which further reduces the consumption of bulk mass per lining.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device of the exhaust main chute of the blast furnace containing a skimmer partition, cast iron and slag passes, the following differences are provided: the main chute is divided into two main parts, the first part located from the case plate to the sump has a bias towards sedimentation tank not less than 3%, and the second part, presented in the form of a sedimentation tank, has an equidistant variable width with its increase in the end part, and the transition from the main trench to the slag pass has there is a slope of the bottom towards the main trough up to 30 °.

In addition, in the proposed device of the exhaust main channel of the blast furnace, the skimmer partition of the main channel is installed in the side wall of the main channel.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

Figure 1 diagram of the exhaust main channel of the blast furnace;

Figure 2 is a cross section of the exhaust main trough in the area of cast iron and slag passes.

The exhaust main chute of a blast furnace consists of: a casing 1 lined with refractory 2, a main chute 3, a skimmer partition 4, a cast-iron pass 5, a slag pass 6, the first part of the main chute 7, the second part of the main chute (settler) 8, transition 9 to the slag pass 6.

The structural elements listed above are made as follows.

The first part 7, shown in FIG. 1 of the main groove 3, is located from the case plate 10 until the geometrical broadening of the main groove 3 begins. This arrangement allows you to: receive a stream of cast iron and slag after opening the cast iron notch, extinguish the kinetic energy of the stream, begin the separation of cast iron and slag for due to the difference in the specific gravities of the liquid melting products.

In addition, the first part 7 of the main groove 3 has a slope of at least 3% in the direction of the settler 8, which ensures the flow of smelting products. With a slope of less than 3%, a full drain of cast iron and slag is not provided, and additional losses of cast iron occur during maintenance of the gutter.

The second part is the sump 8, shown in FIG. 1 of the main groove 3 is paired with the first part of the main groove 7 and has an equidistant variable width with its increase in the end part. This allows you to increase the live section in the end part of the main groove 3 and as a result to reduce the speed of the melting products at a constant flow rate of the melting products (slag and cast iron), which in turn affects the improvement of the separation of cast iron and slag. In addition, due to a significant decrease in the kinetic energy of movement of the liquid melting products in the second part, the settler 8 of the main groove 3, the end wall is not affected by the energy of the flow of the melting products.

In the second part 8 of the main groove 3 to the area of the end part from opposite sides are located: a cast-iron pass 5 with a skimmer partition 4 (FIG. 1) and a slag pass 6 (FIG. 1).

At the end of the main groove 3 in front of the cast-iron pass 5, a skimmer partition 4 is installed, shown in FIG. 1, located in the side wall of the main groove 11, which helps to reduce its wear.

At the end of the main groove 3, shown in FIG. 1, on the opposite side from the cast-iron pass 5, a transition 9 is installed from the main groove 3 to the slag pass 6 having a slope of the bottom towards the main groove 3 not exceeding 30 °, which makes it difficult to transport inclusions pig iron in the slag into the slag trough (not shown in figures 1 and 2), which are returned to the main trough 3, thereby improving the separation of cast iron from the slag. When the inclination of transition 8 is more than 30 °, the thickness of the lining decreases, which leads to a decrease in its durability.

The proposed exhaust main channel 3 of the blast furnace is used as follows.

The main outlet chute 3 is the defining structural unit of the blast furnace, which is designed to accumulate melting products (cast iron and slag) coming out of the notch, further stratification according to different specific masses of the melts and then with the help of a skimmer partition 4 of separation into cast iron and slag.

The exhaust main exhaust chute of the blast furnace operates as follows.

A drilling machine for opening a cast iron tap hole is drilled into a tap hole (not shown in figures 1 and 2). The melt (cast iron and slag) from the hearth of the blast furnace leaves through the cast iron notch and is divided by specific gravity in the main groove 3 to the skimmer partition 4. The bulk of the iron settles on the bottom of the main groove 3 and enters the first part of the main groove 7, then goes to the second part of the main groove 8. After that, cast iron through an opening in the lower part of the skimmer partition 4 and then through the cast-iron pass 5 is sent to the cast-iron transport chute (not shown in figures 1 and 2) to drain the cast iron into the cast-iron ladles. The cast iron pass 5 stops the melt flow in the main groove 3. Slag, as the lightest melt product, accumulates on the surface of the cast iron in the main groove 3, which carries small drops of cast iron and passes through the transition 9, in which metal inclusions are deposited and return to the main groove 3, to slag pass 6 and then moves along the slag transport chute to drain the slag into slag bowls.

In contrast to the design of the exhaust chute of the blast furnace [2] (RU No. 90791 "Exhaust chute of the blast furnace" MPK ⁶ C21B7 / 00, published January 20, 2010, Bull. No. 2) in the developed design, the main exhaust chute 3 has an equally spaced variable width with its increase in the end part of the main groove 3, forming a sump 8 for the separation of melting products. In addition, there is no camera - drive in front of the slag transport chute. The first part of the main groove 7 has a slope of at least 3% towards the settler 8, in which the speed of the melting products decreases, which leads to improved separation of cast iron and slag, and the transition 9 from the main groove 3 to the slag pass 6 has a slope of the bottom of not more than 30 ° in the direction of the main channel 3, which makes it difficult to transport metal inclusions in the slag to the slag channel.

The application of the proposed exhaust main channel of the blast furnace will provide:

- increasing the efficiency of the separation of pig iron and slag;

- reduction of losses of cast iron;

- increase production;

- reduction of expenses for iron ore raw materials, coke and energy carriers;

- increase the lining resistance;

- reducing the consumption of refractory mass on the lining.

The analysis of the prior art, including a search by patents and scientific and technical information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed technical solution, allowed us to establish that the applicant did not find sources characterized by signs that are identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step".

Sources of information:

[1] V.V. Poltava. Blast furnace production. M., "Metallurgy", 1981, p. 292-293.

[2] (RU No. 90791 "Exhaust chute of a blast furnace" IPC ⁶ C21V7 / 00, published on January 20, 2010, Bull. No. 2.

Claims (2)

1. The final main blast chute of the blast furnace, comprising a casing lined with refractory material, a cast-iron pass with a skimmer partition, a slag pass and a settling tank, characterized in that it is divided into two main parts, the first part located from the case plate to the settling tank, has a slope value to the side of the sump at least 3%, and the second part, presented in the form of a sump with cast-iron and slag passes, is conjugated with the first part and has an equidistant variable width with its increase in the end part, while from the gutter to Slag pass installed transition made with a slope of the bottom towards the gutter no more than 30 °. 2. The exhaust main chute according to claim 1, characterized in that the skimmer partition is installed in the lining of the side wall adjacent to the cast-iron transport chute.

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