RU2705284C1 - Complex plant protection product based on activated (dehydrated) natural zeolites - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agriculture. Complex plant protection product based on activated dehydrated natural zeolites is characterized by that in pores of the zeolite contains a solution of Kazim fungicide and Terrastar herbicide, wherein 18 ml of Kazim fungicide and 8 g of Terrastar herbicide are used per 20 l of water, and the dose of complex preparation is 500 kg/ha.

EFFECT: invention increases crop yield.

1 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, agricultural chemistry and relates to plant protection products. A comprehensive plant protection product based on activated (dehydrated) natural zeolites of prolonged action, which includes solutions of pesticides for various purposes of biological and chemical origin in minimal quantities, and the natural zeolite, crushed to a grain size of 1-7 mm, is treated with an aqueous solution of active components to prevent changes degree of flowability of zeolite, i.e. saturating zeolite micro- and macropores with this solution to facilitate the application of the obtained protective agent to the soil, prolonging the action of its active components, which allows to increase the productivity of agricultural crops and stabilize soil fertility of the land without the use of traditional means of protection and can be used as a resource-saving agricultural product, reducing the toxic load on agricultural systems by increasing the effectiveness of the action of agrochemical preparations and creatures nnogo reducing their concentrations. An urgent task is the creation of new types of plant protection products based on natural organic and mineral raw materials, as well as the use of the minimum possible amount of chemical plant protection products using sorption technology. The invention allows to increase the yield of crops, significantly reducing their losses from agricultural pests of various nature. The use of a comprehensive plant protection product based on activated (dehydrated) natural zeolites of prolonged action contributes to the intensification of the destruction of agricultural pests of various nature, which allows to increase the productivity of the soil-plant system with a minimum concentration of active substances in the root layer of the soil, in addition, the development of such preparations is an urgent task in view of the strengthening of the negative effects of anthropogenic impact on natural ecosystems we.

Pesticides affect not only the environment, but also the organisms that inhabit it - humans, animals, fish, birds and others. Wild animals that are exposed to poisoned ponds and plants are most susceptible to infection. The big problem that has not been completely solved to date is the effect of pesticides used in agriculture on water bodies. Fresh waters of rivers and lakes, important both for the population and for animals, are infected with pesticides daily. More than half of the pesticides used ultimately end up in water bodies. Thus, many species of fish and birds are at risk. Pesticides entering the biosphere disrupt the normal process of ecosystem functioning: the process of water and air purification is disrupted.

All this can be avoided by using zeolite treated with a solution of pesticides of the proposed method.

A number of inventions are known in which the task of increasing efficiency is solved by prolonged intake of active components in plants due to the distribution of ingredients. A known composition for prolonged delivery of the active ingredient to seeds and plants and a method for using this composition are described in patent RU 2203547. This patent provides a composition consisting of microparticles having an average diameter of 0.2-200 μm obtained from a polymer solution and the active ingredient in an organic solvent. The active ingredient is a fungicide, plant growth regulator, plant nutrient, or a combination thereof. The microparticles contain from 1 to 50% by weight of the active ingredient distributed in a polymer matrix consisting of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, lactic acid polymer, lactic and glycolic acid copolymers, cellulose acetate butyrate, polystyrene, acrylic polymer, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer and others.

In these inventions, polymers are used that do not reduce the anthropogenic load on agricultural land due to poor environmental degradation, which is their disadvantage.

Closest to the proposed solution on the technical nature and the achieved result, selected as a prototype, is a composition for prolonged delivery of a biologically active ingredient to seeds and plants and a method for applying the composition protected by patent RU 2305404.

A composition for the sustained delivery of a biologically active ingredient to seeds and plants includes a polymer matrix and an active ingredient distributed in a polymer matrix. As an active ingredient, it contains hydrogen peroxide, which has growth-promoting and cryoprotective properties, the polymer matrix consists of polyvinylpyrrolidone with M.M. 25000-30000 dissolved in water in a concentration of 1-2%, while the mass ratio of hydrogen peroxide and polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1: 29-1180.

The method of applying the composition for prolonged delivery of a biologically active ingredient to seeds and plants involves applying the composition to the seeds, the seeds being treated with the composition in an amount of 0.3-0.5 L per 1 kg of seeds and dried to a free-flowing state.

The disadvantage of this composition is the limitation of the functions of the active ingredient with growth-promoting properties. As a result, in order to increase the yield of agricultural crops, additional introduction of the required amount of nutrients by separate technological operations is required. In this case, the target benefits of the prototype affect the processes of mineral nutrition of plants in an indirect way.

The objective of the invention is to develop the composition and method of application of a comprehensive plant protection product, which will ensure prolonged delivery to plants of an effective amount of an active ingredient containing components of a wider spectrum of activity and enhancing the targeted use of components, namely herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, etc., for influencing pests located in the root layer of the soil.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase crop yields.

This result is achieved in that the matrix for the prolonged delivery of the biologically active ingredient to plants is an activated (dehydrated) natural zeolite (microporous crystalline “sponge”, the pore volume of which is up to 50% of the volume of the zeolite framework, which is an active adsorbent). In addition, the zeolite contains trace elements Mn, Mg, Fe, Co, P, K, B and others, as well as amorphous silicon, necessary for plant nutrition. The water capacity of soils and the possibility of binding heavy metal ions in soils are increasing.

The indicated result is also achieved by the fact that the composition intended for prolonged delivery to plants includes natural growth stimulants.

An example of the production of a comprehensive plant protection product based on activated (dehydrated) natural zeolites.

1. Sampling.

Zeolite was selected for the manufacture of an experimental batch. The selection was made from the hopper of the finished material into bags weighing 25 kg each (after the industrial dispenser). The amount of selected zeolite was 500 kg (20 bags), the fraction of zeolite (after the industrial classifier) was 1-3 mm. In addition to the indicated quantity, 5 kg of zeolite of a fraction of 1-3 mm were selected for preliminary experiments to determine the water absorption of zeolite. The moisture content of the initial sample was measured in the laboratory of JSC "PROMZEOLIT".

2. Conducting experiments to establish the maximum moisture capacity of zeolite.

To add pesticide solutions, it is necessary to determine the maximum amount of water absorbed by the zeolite of the Khotynetsky deposit without the formation of large aggregates, without sticking together individual particles of the zeolite, in order to prevent a change in the degree of flowability and to avoid caking of the final product.

2.1. A sample of a zeolite of a fraction of 1-3 mm weighing 500 g was taken.

A sample was placed in a clean, dry metal container with a volume of 5 l and irrigated with 180 ml of water from a spray bottle with vigorous stirring of the zeolite. Large wet aggregates of particles formed in the sample. The amount of water is excessive.

2.2. A sample of a zeolite of a fraction of 1-3 mm weighing 500 g was taken.

A sample was placed in a clean, dry metal container with a volume of 5 l and irrigated with 120 ml of water from a spray bottle with vigorous stirring of the zeolite. Large wet aggregates of particles formed in the sample. The amount of water is excessive.

2.3. A sample of a zeolite of a fraction of 1-3 mm weighing 500 g was taken.

A sample was placed in a clean, dry metal container with a volume of 5 l and irrigated with 100 ml of water from a spray bottle with vigorous stirring of the zeolite. Large wet aggregates of particles formed in the sample. The amount of water is excessive.

2.4. A sample of a zeolite of a fraction of 1-3 mm weighing 500 g was taken.

A portion was placed in a clean, dry metal container with a volume of 5 l and 80 ml of water was sprayed from a spray bottle with vigorous stirring of the zeolite. Aggregates did not form in the sample; individual particles changed color due to humidity. The amount of water is recognized as the maximum.

CONCLUSION: to obtain an experimental batch of zeolites modified with pesticide solutions, it is necessary to use a solution in a volume not exceeding 60 ml per 500 g of zeolites. In terms of 100 kg of zeolite, the maximum amount of water is 12000 ml (12 L).

Based on the data obtained, the amount of the Kazim preparation was calculated (fungicide, active ingredient: carbendazim, 500 g / l, the usual application rate for cereals is 0.5 l / ha root, the harmful object is root rot and lodging prevention, powdery mildew, helminthosporiasis ) and Terrastar (herbicide, active ingredient: tribenuron-methyl, 750 g / kg, the usual application rate is 0.02 kg / ha, the harmful object is annual dicotyledonous weeds) and the volume of their solution. The content of active components ranged from 0.01 dose of the drug in terms of ha to 0.1 dose of the drug in terms of ha. The dose of the final product (modified zeolite) is 500 kg / ha.

Given the available concrete mixer with a volume of 250 l for mixing zeolites and the weight of the zeolite needed to fill it (100 kg, determined empirically), a dosage table of Kazim and Terrastar is compiled.

Based on the above table 1, a solution was prepared containing 18 ml of Kazima and 8 g of Terrastar in 20 l of water.

Each batch of zeolite from the Khotynetsky deposit was treated with an appropriate amount of the prepared solution with vigorous stirring and spraying the solution with a spray gun using respiratory protection.

After mixing, samples of each batch of processed zeolite were selected, the remaining amount was placed in clean bags and labeled accordingly. It should be noted that after processing the resulting product is practically harmless, since the active components are completely absorbed and firmly held by the zeolite.

The moisture content of each sample was measured after processing in the laboratory of JSC "PROMZEOLIT", the data are shown in table 2.

The obtained samples were transferred for testing to the federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Oryol State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhina. "

Claims (1)

A comprehensive plant protection product based on activated dehydrated natural zeolites, characterized in that the zeolite pores contain a solution of Kazim fungicide and Terrastar herbicide, using 18 ml of Kazim fungicide and 8 g of Terrastar herbicide in 20 l of water, and the dose of applying the complex agent is 500 kg / ha.