RU2683703C1 - Unmanned aviation systems complex automated monitoring and control system logical architecture, providing their safe integration in public air space - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) automated flight in the general airspace control system logical architecture. Logical architecture contains the UAV regional monitoring and control center, a database reflecting the UAV life cycle, a flight zones portal, the UAV technical condition analysis center, UAV flight traffics information receiving and transmitting center, flight traffics analyzing center, the light UAV information unit, the heavy UAV information unit. Light UAV information unit includes a navigation unit, a data transmission unit, a data reception unit, control commands generation unit. Heavy UAV information unit further comprises the retransmission block.EFFECT: enabling increase in the UAV control efficiency and safety level.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the field of automated control and monitoring systems and can find application in control and monitoring systems by unmanned aircraft (BVS), ensuring the safety of their flight in the common airspace, but can also be applied to other vehicles. The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of BVS control and the level of safety. To achieve this result, it is necessary to build the logical architecture of the control system and direct control over the flight of all aircraft, ensuring safety requirements.

BACKGROUND

The prior art method for controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle and a device for its implementation (see patent RU No. 2390815, published May 27, 2010) characterizing the control of one or more unmanned aerial vehicles, each of which is equipped with an on-board automatic control system, satellite navigation system, high-precision synchronized clock, as well as an on-board computer and a transceiver radio station, with the help of which digital radio communication is carried out with basic stations, with a stationary or mobile control station, which is equipped with an automated workstation of the operator, while transmitting commands for controlling the movement of an unmanned aerial vehicle, transmitting data on the coordinates and parameters of its movement, as well as transmitting identification numbers and data on the coordinates and parameters of the movement of other moving objects equipped with transceiver radios and within radio visibility, produced in one or more common radio channels, moreover, Messages are transmitted by each transmitting radio station to a predetermined interval of a single time scale with a time lead, which is sufficient to compensate for the delay in the receipt and execution of these commands.

The typical structure of the control system for the BWS consists of various data sources. The data obtained fall into the on-board control system (BASU) block, where the object's motion parameters are evaluated and control actions are generated on the facility's actuators. As input, the control unit can also take external control actions. The generated control signal values are fed to the BVS flight controls. In the memory of the BASU, flight execution programs and control unit configurations are stored, changing under the influence of certain events occurring on the BVS in flight.

Different manufacturers are trying to make UAV flights safe using different methods. Some provide for the indication of flights forbidden in drone software, others - the creation of collision avoidance systems in the air, others - the use of an automatic dependent surveillance-broadcasting system (ADS-B), transmitting data on the location of the device. The new NASA control system, dubbed UTM (UAS Traffic Management, control the movement of unmanned aerial systems), allows you to organize drone flights in segregated airspace.

A disadvantage of the known method for controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle is that the control and monitoring system of BVS is carried out from the ground control point within the range of radio visibility, which makes it difficult to maintain the failure-free condition of the BVS equipment during operation, as well as monitoring the execution of the authorized traffic of the BVS, and this reduces the level of safety flights, and essentially makes it impossible to integrate unmanned aerial systems (UAS) into the common airspace.

But most importantly, there is the opportunity to hide the real traffic of the BVS flight in order to commit deliberate illegal flights related, for example, to the delivery of drugs, terrorist acts, etc. This also applies to the new UTM system.

Existing air traffic control (ATC) rules formed when the scale of UAS was essentially limited to aircraft modeling.

The airspace is penetrated by special paths that pass from one controlled area to another. The exact number of aircraft is difficult to say, since it is already measured by thousands of aircraft, the number of which is only growing from year to year.

One can imagine what will happen in mid-air when the number increases by orders of magnitude. And here, automated control of the operation of an unmanned aircraft during flights in a common airspace is indispensable, and not only flight traffic, but also the residual life and precautionary state at all stages of the life cycle, as well as the detection of cases of unauthorized changes in flight traffic, should be automatically generated and controlled. BVS.

ESSENCE OF TECHNICAL SOLUTION

The proposed logical architecture of an integrated automated control system for unmanned aircraft systems, ensuring their safe integration into the common airspace, relates to control and monitoring systems for unmanned aircraft, ensuring the safety of their flight in the common airspace, with identification of cases of changes in authorized flight traffic, which is necessary First of all, to ensure the safety of ground objects of special importance in case of unauthorized and using BVS, but can be applied on other vehicles. The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of BVS control and the level of safety.

To achieve this, in the structure of the air traffic control service for registration of airborne aircraft, a database is created that reflects the life cycle of the airborne aircraft, as well as a portal to the airborne aircraft's flight zones and manned aircraft, which reflects the current authorized flight traffic for each region, which is controlled by the regional airborne flight control center the structure of which includes a center for receiving and transmitting information about the technical condition of the BVS from which information enters the center for analysis of the technical condition of the BVS , as well as a center for receiving and transmitting information about traffic from an AMS from which information arrives at a traffic analysis center for an AMS flight, and from analysis centers for decision making and control, information is sent to a regional center for monitoring AMS flights. To do this, it is necessary to separate the warning function of aircraft located at a distance of several kilometers from each other about the traffic of their flight and the function of transmitting data and relaying signals from other aircraft, moreover, all aircraft should have a warning function, and the data transmission and relay function only heavy aircraft weighing tens of kilograms. This will allow to build the logical architecture of the control system and direct control over the flight of all aircraft, ensuring safety requirements.

Achievable technical result is the provision of control and management of all BWS during their flights in the common airspace due to the separation of the notification functions of aircraft located at a distance of several kilometers from each other about their flight traffic and the functions of transmitting data and relaying signals from other aircraft.

The only internationally approved solution is the use of the ADS-B (ADS-B) system for automatic dependent air traffic control at altitudes below the lower safe echelon of the ADS-B system. The principle of operation consists in the automatic determination by the device using the airborne GLONASS / GPS module of its own coordinates and their transmission through the airborne transceiver (transponder) to the ATM system and other flying airborne systems.

AZN-V is a radarless surveillance system for BWS, in which the BWS autonomously, for example, using satellite navigation equipment GLONASS / GPS, determines its location and in accordance with the protocol, depending on the type of selected data line (LPS), reports in broadcast mode about its position to all interested air traffic participants and other users. AZN-V with high accuracy provides surveillance of DFB without the use of ground-based radars at significantly lower costs. The use of AZN-V services is usually accompanied by the provision of other air navigation services (adjacent applications), implemented using the same LPD, through which the provision of AZN-V services is carried out. However, such LPDs have a large weight and energy consumption and cannot be used on small DAN weighing from a hundred grams to several kilograms. But it is this category of BVS that forms the basis of all BVS.

The objective of the claimed architecture of the automated flight control system of an unmanned aircraft in the common airspace is to increase the efficiency of control of the military aircraft and the level of safety. To achieve this result, a database is created in the structure of the air traffic control service for the registration of airborne aircraft, which reflects the life cycle of the airborne aircraft, as well as a portal of the airborne aircraft's flight zones and manned aircraft, which reflects the current authorized flight traffic for each region, which are controlled by the regional flight control center BVS in which structure the center of reception and transmission of information on a technical condition of BVS from which information arrives in the center of the analysis of technical the status of the BVS, as well as the center for receiving and transmitting information about the traffic of the BVS flight from which the information goes to the center for the analysis of traffic of the BVS flight, and from the analysis centers for decision-making and control, the information goes to the regional center for flight control of the BVS, and each BVS is equipped with a unique unified an information block that has at least two modifications, which allows you to separate the warning functions of aircraft located at a distance of several kilometers from each other about the traffic of their flight and nktsiyu data and signal relay function with other aircraft, and alerting function should possess all the aircraft, and the data transfer function and relay signals only heavy aircraft weighing tens of kilograms. This will allow to build the logical architecture of the control system and direct control over the flight of all aircraft, ensuring safety requirements.

To do this, each BVS is equipped with a unique unified information block, including a block for calculating its flight parameters using a satellite navigation system, a block for transmitting these parameters to inform other aircraft in the near space about the traffic parameters of its flight and the technical condition of the BVS, as well as a block receiving information from other aircraft in the immediate space about the traffic of their flight, moreover, communication lines are used for received additional specific information about the flight traffic of other BVS, for example, using the Doppler principle to clarify the real coordinates of other BVS, and the received information about the mutual flight traffic, as well as aeronautical data and flight and navigation characteristics that are used to generate flight traffic that ensure safe joint flight , excluding collision, in addition, heavy military vehicles and manned aircraft are additionally equipped with a relay system about flight traffic and technical condition, entering aboard such a military aircraft from other aircraft, including small military vehicles for transmission, using the relay system, to the air traffic control service, which uses this data to control the flight control of an unmanned aircraft and to ensure the possibility of a trouble-free continuation of the flight, as well as to identify cases of unreliable information about flight traffic from BVS, which deviate from the authorized flight traffic, and if it is impossible to adjust the flight BVS, for example, when it is not If the correct information from the DAB is intentionally transmitted, then information about the time of loss of control with such DAB and its motion parameters, planned flight traffic, as well as technical data online are transmitted to the unauthorized flight suppression service of the DAB.

The architecture of an automated unmanned aerial vehicle (BVS) flight control system in a common airspace to ensure controlled safe flight traffic using an on-board automatic control system, satellite navigation system, high-precision synchronized clocks, as well as an on-board computer and a radio transceiver, with which digital radio communication is carried out with the base radio station, with stationary or mobile control centers, which are equipped with an operator’s automated workstation, characterized in that a database is created in the structure of the air traffic control service for the registration of airborne aircraft, reflecting the life cycle of the airborne aircraft, as well as a portal to the airborne aircraft's flight zones and manned aircraft, which reflects the current authorized flight traffic for each region, which controlled by the regional center for flight control BVS which structure includes a center for receiving and transmitting information about the technical condition of BVS from which information is received it is sent to the center for analysis of the technical condition of the BVS, as well as to the center for receiving and transmitting information about the flight traffic of the BVS, from which the information goes to the center of the traffic analysis of the flight of the BVS, and from the analysis centers for decision and control, the information goes to the regional center for monitoring the flight of the BVS moreover, each BVS is equipped with a unique unified information block, which has at least two modifications, one modification, for light BVSs, is equipped with a unique unified information block, which includes bl ok calculating their flight parameters using a satellite navigation system, a unit for transmitting traffic parameters of its flight and the technical condition of the aircraft for informing aircraft located in the nearest space, as well as a unit for receiving information from other aircraft in the nearest space about traffic of their flight, moreover, the radio signal is additionally processed, for example, using the Doppler principle, to clarify the real coordinates of other BVS, in the processing unit received information about reciprocal flight characteristics, as well as aeronautical data and flight and navigation characteristics, including commands from the ground control and flight control service of the BVS, are converted into flight traffic control commands, ensuring a safe joint flight, eliminating collision, and the amount of information processed by the information block is determined by the type BVS, another modification of the information block, for heavy BVS and manned aircraft, is additionally equipped with a relay system about flight traffic and those the condition arriving on board such a military aircraft from other aircraft, including small military navigation systems for transmission, using the relay system, to the air traffic control service, which uses this data to monitor the flight control of an unmanned aircraft and to ensure the possibility of trouble-free continuation of the flight, as well as identifying cases of receiving inaccurate information about flight traffic from BVS that deviate from authorized flight traffic, and if necessary, to ensure the safety of years, correct the flight patterns of such military vehicles, transmitting control signals through the relay system, and if it is impossible to adjust the military aircraft flight, for example, when false information from the military aircraft is intentionally transmitted, then information about the time of control loss with such military aircraft and its motion parameters, planned flight traffic , as well as technical data on-line, are transferred to the service of suppression of unauthorized flight of the BVS.

The analysis of technical solutions made it possible to establish that analogues, characterized by a combination of features that are identical to all the features of the claimed technical solution, are absent in known information carriers, which indicates the compliance of the claimed method with the condition of patentability "novelty".

The search results for known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the prototype features showed that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. The prior art also did not reveal the popularity of the impact provided by the essential features of the claimed invention, the transformations on the achievement of the specified technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

This will allow an effective way to solve the problems of information content of airborne surveillance tools, as well as the use of effective UAS control methods.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The claimed system is implemented according to the block diagram shown in FIG. 1, which consists of the following main blocks:

1 - portal registration BVS;

2 - database BVS;

3 - portal of the BVS flight zones;

4 - a portal for registering flight applications;

5 - regional center for control and management of BVS;

6 - center for analysis of the technical condition of BVS;

7 - center traffic analysis of flight BVS;

8 - a center for receiving and transmitting information about the technical condition of the military vehicle;

9 - a center for receiving and transmitting traffic information of the BVS flight;

10 - heavy military vehicles using a relay system;

11 - small BVS, not using a relay system;

12 - external pilots;

13 - other regional centers for control and management of BVS;

14 - the service of the fight against unauthorized flights BVS (antidron);

10-1 - information block heavy BVS, including:

- 1 _n - BVS navigation unit;

- 2 _p - data transmission unit BVS;

- 3 _p - block receiving data BVS;

- 4 _f - block for the formation of BVS control commands;

- 5 _P - relay unit BVS;

11-1 - information block light BVS, including:

-1 _n - BVS navigation unit;

-2 _p - data transmission unit BVS;

- 3 _p - block receiving data BVS;

- 4 _f - block for the formation of BVS control commands.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNICAL SOLUTION

The claimed logical architecture of an unmanned aircraft automated flight control system in a common airspace is implemented according to the block diagram shown in FIG. one.

The objective of the claimed system is the implementation of authorized flights of military vehicles in the common airspace, including outside the radio visibility zone. The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of BVS control and the level of safety. To achieve this result, a logistic architecture of the control system and direct control over the flight of all aircraft is proposed, providing safety requirements.

The functioning of the system throughout its entire life cycle, at a logical level, is carried out as follows.

For BVS flights, it is necessary to register in the database with assignment of a registration number and subsequent changes reflecting the BVS technical condition during the entire life cycle, both during maintenance and repair, and during the flight. This information is used to control the flight of the UAE, in order to ensure a safe flight.

To perform a specific flight, using a registered BVS, an application is submitted, which is analyzed for its feasibility, is adjusted if necessary, and permission is issued for a coordinated flight in a given airspace.

Each registered BVS must have a licensed information block that does not allow unauthorized opening and reconfiguration, including:

10-1 - information block heavy BVS, including:

- 1 _n - BVS navigation unit;

- 2 _p - data transmission unit BVS;

- 3 _p - block receiving data BVS;

- 4 _f - block for the formation of BVS control commands;

- 5 _p - block retransmission BVS;

11-1 - information block light BVS, including:

- 1 _n - BVS navigation unit;

- 2 _p - data transmission unit BVS;

- 3 _p - block receiving data BVS;

- 4 _f - block for the formation of BVS control commands.

The BVS Regional Flight Monitoring Center receives information characterizing the current technical condition and traffic of the BVS flight, compares them with the agreed flight parameters, reveals deviations from the authorized one and makes a decision based on the analysis results. Moreover, such control is exercised over all BVS, which are located in the control zone of this regional center for flight BVS control, using either information transmission lines directly from BVS, or by relaying through other BVS.

Additionally, Doppler measurements are used to calculate the current flight traffic parameters of other airborne vehicles, which are relayed via communication channels to ground-based air traffic control services.

In the case of the transfer of BVS from one regional center to another in accordance with the planned authorized traffic of the flight, further control passes to this center.

In the absence of direct radio visibility, the information is relayed through other DSS to ground-based air traffic control services. The information packet for relaying is supplemented by packets with information received for relaying from other airborne vehicles and is sent to the ground-based air traffic control services (relaying can be carried out via satellite communication channels).

In case of deviation from the authorized flight traffic, the air traffic control service gives commands to return to the authorized flight traffic and this information is automatically sent to the unauthorized flight suppression service of an unmanned aircraft.

In the case of a return of BVS to authorized flight traffic, the normal operation of the air traffic control service continues, and if the measures taken do not give a positive result, the service for preventing unauthorized flights of unmanned aircraft takes measures to prevent such a flight using information about the characteristics of the BVS, time and place start of unauthorized flight.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known control system of unmanned aerial vehicles, each of which is equipped with an on-board automatic control system, satellite navigation system, high-precision synchronized clock, as well as an on-board computer and a radio transceiver, through which digital radio communication with the base radio station is carried out , with a stationary or mobile control points, moreover, in the structure of the air traffic control service for the registration of BVS f A database reflecting the life cycle of the airborne navigation system, as well as a portal of the flight control zone and manned aircraft, which reflects the current authorized traffic of flights for each region, which are controlled by the regional center for the monitoring of the flight control system, which includes the center for receiving and transmitting information about the technical condition, is generated BVS from which information enters the center for analysis of the technical condition of BVS, as well as a center for receiving and transmitting information about traffic flows BVS from which information is received it is sent to the BVS flight traffic analysis center, and from the analysis centers for decision-making and control, the information goes to the BVS regional flight control center, and each BVS is equipped with a unique unified information block that has at least two modifications, one modification, for light BVSs, equipped with a unique unified information unit, including a unit for calculating its flight parameters using a satellite navigation system, a unit for transmitting traffic parameters of its flight, and technical condition e BVS for informing aircraft located in the nearest space, as well as a unit for receiving information from other aircraft located in the nearest space about their flight traffic, moreover, the radio signal is additionally processed, for example, using the Doppler principle, to clarify the actual coordinates of other BVS, in the processing unit, received information on mutual flight traffic, as well as aeronautical data and aeronautical and navigation characteristics, including commands from the ground control and management service after a flight, BVSs are converted into flight traffic control commands, ensuring a safe joint flight, eliminating a collision, and the amount of information processed by the information block is determined by the type of BVS, another modification of the information block for heavy BVS and manned aircraft is additionally equipped with a traffic relay system flight and technical condition, arriving aboard such a military aircraft from other aircraft, including small military navigation systems for transmission, using the relay system, to the services air traffic control, which uses this data to control the flight control of an unmanned aircraft and to ensure trouble-free continuation of the flight, as well as identifying cases of inaccurate information about traffic from BVS that deviate from authorized flight traffic, and if necessary, to ensure flight safety , correct the flight traffic of such BVS, transmitting control signals through the relay system, and if it is impossible to adjust the flight of the BVS for example, when inaccurate information from an airborne navigation system is intentionally transmitted, information about the time of loss of control with such airborne navigation system and its movement parameters, planned flight traffic, as well as technical data online are transmitted to the air traffic control service of an unauthorized flight.

Claims (1)

The logical architecture of an automated unmanned aerial vehicle (BVS) flight control system in a common airspace to ensure controlled safe flight traffic using an on-board automatic control system, satellite navigation system, high-precision synchronized clocks, as well as an on-board computer and a radio transceiver, with which digital radio communication is carried out with the base radio station, with a stationary or mobile control center, which equipped with an operator’s automated workstation, characterized in that a database is created in the structure of the air traffic control service for the registration of the airborne aircraft, reflecting the life cycle of the airborne aircraft, as well as a portal of the airborne aircraft's flight zones and manned aircraft, which reflects the current authorized flight traffic for each region, which are controlled by the regional center for flight control BVS, the structure of which includes a center for receiving and transmitting information about the technical condition of BVS, from which The information is received at the BVS technical condition analysis center, as well as the BVS flight traffic information reception and transmission center, from which the information is sent to the BVS flight traffic analysis center, and from the analysis centers, for decision and control, the information is sent to the regional BVS flight control center , and each BVS is equipped with a unique unified information block, which has at least two modifications, one modification, for light BVSs, is equipped with a unique unified information block, which includes there is a unit for calculating its flight parameters using a satellite navigation system, a unit for transmitting traffic parameters for its flight and the technical condition of the BVS to inform aircraft located in the nearest space, as well as a unit for receiving information from other aircraft in the nearest space about their traffic flight, and the radio signal is additionally processed, for example, using the Doppler principle, to clarify the real coordinates of other BVS, in the processing unit the received information reciprocal flight traffic, as well as aeronautical data and aeronautical and navigational characteristics, including commands from the ground-based flight control and flight control service, are converted into flight traffic control commands, ensuring a safe joint flight eliminating collision, and the amount of information processed by the information block is determined type of BVS, another modification of the information block, for heavy BVS and manned aircraft, is additionally equipped with a relay system about flight traffic and the technical condition of the aircraft arriving on board such an aircraft from other aircraft, including small aircraft for transmitting, using the relay system, to the air traffic control service, which uses this data to control the flight control of an unmanned aircraft and allows for trouble-free continuation of the flight, as well as identification of cases of obtaining inaccurate information about flight traffic from BVS that deviate from authorized flight traffic, and, if necessary, to ensure safe flights, corrects the flight patterns of such military vehicles, transmitting control signals through the relay system, and if it is impossible to adjust the military aircraft's flight, for example, when inaccurate information from the military aircraft is transmitted intentionally, information about the control loss time for such military aircraft and its motion parameters, planned flight traffic, as well as technical data on-line are transmitted to the service of restraint of unauthorized flight of military aircraft.

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