RU2676262C1 - Automatic telephone station with functions of digital integral service network - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: communication equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to telecommunication systems and can be used as an office-production automatic telephone office for organizations and institutions of various ministries and departments. In an automatic telephone station with functions of a digital network integrated services, containing a block of subscriber lines (SL), to which subscriber lines are connected with analog telephone sets at the end, commutation system (CS), control system of the station CS, tone generator, maintenance equipment, terminal station equipment and digital connecting line (DCL), to which an external automatic telephone station (ATS) is connected, a multi-frequency signaling device has been additionally introduced, access unit of a digital integrated service network (DISN), call processing unit, hub of the local area network (LAN), electronic computing machine of maintenance service (MS), modem, Ethernet switch, two automated workstations (AWS) for operators based on a personal electronic computer (PC), printer, subscriber line verification device (SL), measuring device, subscriber telephone terminals and clock generator.EFFECT: technical result of the present invention is higher reliability of the station and better quality of telephone and data services provided to subscribers.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for telecommunication systems and can be used as an office-production automatic telephone exchange for organizations and institutions of various ministries and departments.

The problems of providing subscribers with telephone communications in organizations and institutions are solved through the use of telephone exchanges for various purposes and capacities. For this purpose, automatic telephone exchanges with different principles for building switching systems are used, the basis of which are switching fields and their control systems.

For a long time, quasi-electronic automatic telephone exchanges (ATS KE) were used on public switched telephone networks and departmental communication networks, the switching fields of which are built on magnetically controlled armless relays, and the control devices on electronic devices. In this case, quasi-electronic exchanges differ among themselves in the method of constructing control devices. The advantage of such automatic telephone exchanges is that they can reduce the size and weight of the station equipment, reduce the area of premises needed for the installation of a telephone exchange, increase the reliability and efficiency of operation, and provide a significant number of services to subscribers [1, 2]. As the terminal equipment for voice transmission, classic analog telephones are used. One of the bottlenecks in providing services to a subscriber in such communication networks is the low bandwidth of subscriber lines, which includes analog telephone sets.

A wide modernization of telecommunication network equipment, as well as a wide variety of terminal equipment used by the subscriber, exacerbated the problem of connecting it to a public network. This is especially true for the use of analog terminal equipment on subscriber communication lines.

It is known that quasi-electronic exchanges are built, as a rule, with a common switching field and centralized control. A well-known source [1] shows a typical block diagram of a quasi-electronic telephone exchange, the main elements of which are a switching field (CP), line kits, including subscriber kits (AK) and trunk sets (KSL), cord kits, registers, and a control unit (UU) , consisting of two control devices - peripheral (PUU) and central (TsUU). In addition to the indicated main parts, the AE KE can include: service kits for transmitting acoustic signals and making a call, sets for receiving and transmitting information for receiving dialing signals from a subscriber and transmitting them to oncoming ATS, linear signals and control signals separately from voice information , an external device for communication of technical personnel with a control device, etc.

Closest to the technical nature of the proposed invention, selected as a prototype, is a quasi-electronic office-production automatic telephone exchange "Quantum" [3]. This station contains analog subscriber equipment (subscriber line blocks, trunk and transfer line blocks), to which subscriber lines with analog telephone sets are connected at the end, trunk lines (SL) from an external telephone exchange, a switching system (CS) and a control station control system , tone generators, maintenance equipment and terminal station equipment.

The well-known telephone exchange “Quant” provides the following types of communication: in-house communication, outgoing external communication, incoming external communication, transit communication and additional types of services.

The main disadvantages of the prototype station are the lack of reliability, limited ability to provide subscribers with telephone and data services, other high-speed information and access to departmental digital communication networks and access to ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network - Digital Network with Service Integration) networks .

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the station and improve the quality of telephone and data services provided to subscribers.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in an automatic telephone exchange containing a block of subscriber lines (BAL), to which subscriber lines are connected with analog telephone sets at the end, a switching system (CS), a control system of a CS station, a tone generator, maintenance equipment, terminal station equipment and a digital trunk line (DSL) to which an external automatic telephone exchange (PBX) is connected, an additional multi-frequency signaling device has been introduced , access unit of a digital integrated service network (ISSC), a call processing unit, a local area network (LAN) hub, an electronic maintenance computer (TO), a modem, an Ethernet switch, two automated workstations (AWS) of operators based on personal electronic computer (PC), printer, device for checking subscriber lines (AL), measuring device, subscriber telephone terminals and a clock generator, while the station inputs and outputs of the subscriber unit of which lines are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the switching system (CS), to the first control inputs and outputs of which are connected the first inputs and outputs of the control system of the CS, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the second control inputs and outputs of the CS, the third inputs and outputs of the control system CS at the Ethernet interface are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the LAN hub, the inputs and outputs of the tone generator are connected to the first signal inputs and outputs of the CS, the inputs and outputs of the multi-frequency signaling device are connected to the second signal m inputs and outputs of a switching system (CS), the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the station inputs and outputs of the access control center, to the line inputs and outputs of which are subscriber telephone terminals, the third control inputs and outputs of the CS are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the processing unit calls, the information inputs and outputs of which are connected to the information inputs and outputs of the maintenance equipment, the control inputs and outputs of which are connected to the fourth control inputs and outputs of the CS, the first inputs the technical equipment's s-outputs at the Ethernet interface are connected to the second inputs and outputs of the LAN hub, the second RS-232 maintenance equipment inputs and outputs are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the TO computer, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the third Ethernet interface inputs and outputs of the LAN hub, the linear inputs and outputs of the modem are connected to the third inputs and outputs of the TO computer, the fourth inputs and outputs of which at the Ethernet interface are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the Ethernet switch, the second inputs and outputs of which the Ethernet interface is connected to the modem's station I / Os, the third and fourth inputs and outputs of the Ethernet switch are connected via Ethernet interfaces to the first input-output of the PC of the first operator AWP and to the input-output of the PC of the second operator AWP, the second input-output of the PC of the first operator at the USB interface it is connected to the printer I / O, the station I / O of the switching system (CS) is connected to the station I / O of the terminal station equipment, to the signal I / O of which the generator I / O is connected ora clock pulses, the linear inputs and outputs of the terminal station equipment at the junction E1 are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the digital trunk, the inputs and outputs of the external telephone exchange are connected to the second inputs and outputs, the first inputs and outputs of the AL test device are connected to the third inputs and outputs KS, the second inputs and outputs of the AL check device are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the measuring device, the second and third inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the subscriber line measurement bus, respectively testing tires AL subscriber line unit.

A comparable analysis with the prototype showed that the invention is characterized by the presence of new units: a multi-frequency signaling device, an access unit for a digital integrated service network, a call processing unit, a local area network (LAN) hub, an electronic maintenance computer (TO), a modem , an Ethernet switch, two automated workstations (AWS) of operators based on a personal electronic computer (PC), a printer, a subscriber line checker , Measuring device, subscriber telephone terminals and a clock generator, and also by changing relations between the known station blocks.

Thus, the claimed automatic station with the functions of a digital integrated service network meets the criterion of "novelty." Comparison with the prototype shows that the introduced blocks and devices are widely known and additional creativity for their implementation is not required. However, when they are introduced in the indicated connection with the rest of the circuit elements in the claimed PBX, the above blocks exhibit new properties, which leads to the achievement of the goal, namely, improving the reliability of the station and improving the quality of telephone and data services provided to subscribers.

This allows us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences".

The claimed solution explicitly does not follow from the prior art and has an inventive step.

The inventive automatic telephone exchange with the functions of a digital integrated service network can be implemented using existing equipment, units and nodes of telecommunication technology and is industrially applicable.

The drawing shows a structural diagram of the proposed automatic telephone exchange with the functions of a digital integrated service network, which indicates:

1 - block subscriber lines (AL);

2 - switching system (CS) of the station;

3 - control system of the station CS;

4 - tone generator;

5 - multi-frequency signaling device;

6 - access unit digital integrated service network (ISSC);

7 - call processing unit;

8 - maintenance equipment;

9 - a local area network (LAN) hub;

10 - electronic computer (computer) maintenance (TO);

11 - modem;

12 - Ethernet switch;

13 - personal electronic computer (PC) of the automated workstation (AWP) of the first operator;

14 - printer;

15 - personal electronic computer AWP of the second operator;

16 - device for checking subscriber lines (AL);

17 - measuring device;

18 - analog telephone sets;

19 - subscriber telephone terminals;

20 - terminal station equipment;

21 - a clock generator;

22 - a digital connecting line (TsSL);

23 - external automatic telephone exchange.

The inputs and outputs of block 1 of the subscriber lines are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the switching system (CS) 2, to the first control inputs and outputs of which are connected the first inputs and outputs of the control system 3 of the CS, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the second control inputs and outputs of the CS 2, the third inputs and outputs of the control system 3 at the Ethernet interface are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the LAN hub 9. The inputs and outputs of the generator 4 tone signals KS are connected to the first signal inputs and outputs KS 2, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the station inputs and outputs of the access control unit 6 TsSIO, to the linear inputs and outputs of which are connected to the telephone subscriber terminals 19, inputs and outputs of the device 5 multi-frequency signaling is connected to the second signal inputs and outputs of the COP 2. The third control inputs and outputs of the COP 2 are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the call processing unit 7, the information inputs and outputs of which are connected to information the inputs and outputs of the equipment 8 maintenance, the control inputs and outputs of which are connected to the fourth control inputs and outputs of the COP 2. The first inputs and outputs of the equipment 8 maintenance on the Ethernet interface are connected to the second inputs and outputs of the hub 9 LAN, the second inputs and outputs of the equipment 8 maintenance at the RS-232 interface is connected to the first inputs and outputs of the TO 10 computer, the second inputs and outputs of which at the Ethernet interface are connected to the third inputs and outputs of the LAN 9 hub. The linear inputs and outputs of modem 11 are connected to the third inputs and outputs of the TO 10 computer, the fourth inputs and outputs of which are connected at the Ethernet interface to the first inputs and outputs of the Ethernet switch 12, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected via Ethernet to the station modem 11 inputs and outputs The third and fourth inputs and outputs of the Ethernet switch 12 at the Ethernet joints are connected respectively to the first input-output of a personal computer 13 AWP of the first operator and to the input-output of a personal computer 15 AWP of the second operator, the second input-output of a personal computer 13 AWP of the first operator via a USB joint with printer input-output 14. Station inputs and outputs of the switching system 2 are connected to station inputs and outputs of the terminal station equipment 20, to the signal inputs and outputs of which are connected the signal inputs and outputs of the clock generator 21, the line inputs and outputs of the terminal station equipment 20 the joint E1 is connected to the first inputs and outputs of the digital trunk 22, to the second inputs and outputs of which the inputs and outputs of the external telephone exchange are connected 23. The first inputs and outputs of the subscriber line checking device 16 (AL) are connected to the third inputs and outputs of the switching system 2, the second inputs and outputs of the device 16 for checking AL are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the measuring device 17, the second and third inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the subscriber line and bus, respectively testing AL block 1 subscriber lines.

Block 1 subscriber lines (AL) is designed to connect subscriber lines to the switching system 2 stations, perform analog-to-digital conversion of the speech signal of an analog subscriber and matching subscriber signaling with the station signaling system.

Block 1 subscriber lines contains n subscriber sets (AK), each of which includes several subscriber lines (AL), and a subscriber signaling coprocessor. The subscriber signaling coprocessor is designed to work with ordinary subscriber sets. It is also possible to connect payphones instead of the usual subscriber sets (AK).

Each subscriber set provides power to the microphone circuit of the analog telephone 18, a ring signal to the telephone and broadcast voice signals of subscribers. The AK board contains individual subscriber equipment of subscribers, control devices and a PCM signal receiver.

In the subscriber equipment of block 1 of the subscriber lines, the load is concentrated and transferred to switching system 2 via PCM lines with a transmission speed of 2 Mbit / s. Moreover, each PCM line includes 30 conversational time intervals and one time interval for signaling between block 1 and the central processor of the control system. The control functions carried out in the station in real time are performed by the subscriber signaling coprocessor. The subscriber signaling coprocessor is designed to work with ordinary subscriber sets, up to eight payphones can be connected instead of ordinary subscriber sets (AK). The coprocessor is designed to control the components of subscriber equipment and ensure their interaction.

Switching system 2 is a fully digital system with time division of channels and contains a digital switching field with a capacity of n × n channels, in which the input-output of any channel of the station side is accessible to the input-output of any channel of the linear side.

The switching system 2 performs the functions of switching the incoming and outgoing channels with each other in accordance with the instructions received from the call processing unit 7. Connection to the switching system 2 is carried out using lines with a pulse-code modulation (PCM) with a transmission speed of 2 Mbit / s. In addition to conversational time intervals, the switching system provides switching of signaling channels and in-line data transmission channels.

The operation of the switching system 2 is controlled by a control system 3, which includes a central processor (CPU), which acts as the main control device of the PBX, and a coprocessor (SP) of the internal alarm.

The co-processor (SP) of the internal alarm provides a bi-directional interface between the central processor and the PCM lines. At the same time, the central processor writes the transmitted message to the dual-port random access memory (RAM) of the transmission, and the internal signaling coprocessor reads it, processes it, and transfers it to the PCM line.

For its part, the coprocessor at the reception analyzes the information received from the PCM lines and, having discovered a new message, checks its correctness. After that, the coprocessor transmits the message to the central processor, writing it to the dual-port receive RAM.

The central processor is based on a 16-bit INTEL microprocessor with a clock frequency of 33 MHz.

In addition to the microprocessor, the central processor includes a dynamic memory device (RAM) with a capacity of 16 MB and a reprogrammable read-only memory (ROM) with a capacity of 2 MB, two serial interfaces compatible with the RS-232 interface for connecting service terminals, as well as a coprocessor digital signaling and linear signaling coprocessor. In this case, the digital signaling coprocessor is designed to receive and transmit channel signaling in accordance with the channel-wide signaling protocol No. 7 (ACS No. 7) and the EDSSI protocol, while the linear signaling coprocessor receives, processes and transmits linear signaling via the signal channel. Depending on the signaling method, the signaling may contain, along with linear signals, also control signals.

The control system 3 of the switching system 2 is designed to include subscriber and trunk lines, switching incoming and outgoing channels with each other, processing calls and conducting technical operation of the exchange.

The control functions are carried out in the station in real time. These functions are performed by the subscriber signaling coprocessor. It is designed to manage the components of subscriber equipment and ensure their interaction.

The tone generator 4 is designed to generate tone signals used in the connection system in the form of call and response stations to the incoming connection request. The tone generator generates the necessary acoustic signals, such as: station answer, busy signal, indicator signal, call control, intervention, notification, busy during overload.

The device 5 multi-frequency signaling is designed to recognize multi-frequency signals used in inter-station signaling, and for the inverse transformation, which consists in creating the desired multi-frequency signals.

In the receiving direction, the multi-frequency signaling device 5 converts the multi-frequency code signals used in the inter-station signaling into a digital form perceived by the internal signaling coprocessor. In the transmission direction, the multi-frequency signaling device 5 converts the numbers into multi-frequency signals. When the device operates in multi-frequency signaling mode, one path is capable of simultaneously processing the signaling associated with the establishment of up to thirty-two connections.

Device 5 is used as a receiver and transmitter of multi-frequency signals “2 of 6”, necessary for establishing connections, as well as a device for requesting and receiving equipment for determining the subscriber number (AON).

The device 5 is connected to the switching system 2 by two in-line PCM lines. On one line, data is transmitted on the control and recognition of incoming signals between interacting devices, and on the other line, a tone signaling between the multi-frequency signaling device 5 and the connecting or subscriber lines.

Block 6 access ISDN is a digital subscriber equipment ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network). ISDN subscriber access equipment is always located in a separate cassette. This equipment includes: secondary power supply, ISDN subscriber line power supply and independent modules of ISDN equipment.

Each of the modules contains thirty-two accesses with different interfaces. ISDN contains 2B + D primary access line transceiver kits.

The call processing unit 7 comprises a central processor which, through a high-speed standardized bus type DMC86, connects to other station equipment and controls the operation of the station switching system.

Block 7 call processing performs the following main functions:

managing and controlling the operation of the switching system, performing the functions of testing, connecting and disconnecting;

subscriber load management, call cost accounting and subscriber alarm management;

station alarm management;

reception, processing and transmission of signaling on the signal channel;

control of the general channel signaling of PCM lines;

management of subscriber data, tariffication, signaling, routing and station configuration data;

collection of accounting information and measurement results of teletraffic, monitoring the state of the load on the station, as well as managing various operational and error counters.

Maintenance equipment 8 consists of the following modules: central processor, terminal kits control device, alarm and manual control devices, serial interface adapter and special subscriber set.

Using the coprocessor of the internal alarm equipment 8 maintenance monitors the operation of the PBX and conducts its tests. Maintenance equipment 8 is connected to the switching system by 2 lines with a transmission rate of 64 kbit / s. The internal signaling coprocessor is also used to transmit messages between the equipment 8 and the call processing unit 7. Using the terminal set monitoring device, maintenance equipment 8 monitors the error rate on the PCM lines when channel-by-channel signaling is used on them. The control device is connected to the switching system by 2 lines with a transmission speed of 2 Mbit / s.

Equipment 8 maintenance is a computer maintenance and is a link in the interface between the user and the station. Through block 8 and computer 10 maintenance (TO), the user can make changes to the RAM files of the central processor, run tests and measure traffic. If necessary, block 8 automatically starts the implementation of measures to restore the configuration and troubleshooting programs.

Maintenance and technical operation of the station is carried out using maintenance equipment 8, maintenance computers 10, modem 11, Ethernet switch 12, personal computer 13 AWP of the first operator, printer 14 and personal computer 15 AWP of the second operator.

The hub 9 of the local area network (LAN) is designed for branching users of the local area network.

Maintenance computer 10 is an industrial computer and provides the following functions:

synchronization of the operation of individual devices in the primary and backup group equipment;

broadcast messages and commands between the peripheral equipment of the control room and technical operation computers;

bootstrap software in micro-computers of individual devices;

testing of individual devices;

remote access support;

storage of station data and their accumulation of statistical information;

backup support.

To ensure the reliability of the automatic telephone exchange, the main computer TO 10 is duplicated with a backup computer that is similar in composition and design. In normal mode, the connecting cables are connected to the host computer 10. The backup computer via the Ethernet interface is connected to the internal network (LAN), while periodically copying information from the host computer to the backup 10.

Maintenance computer 10 via Ethernet interface through Ethernet switch 12 interacts with operator workstations organized on the basis of two PCs: PC 13 AWP of the first operator and PC 15 AWP of the second operator.

Structurally, the computer 10 TO is an industrial (industrial) personal electronic computer P4-506. This computer includes an Intel Pentium 4 506 processor with a frequency of 2.66 GHz, two 80 GB hard disks, 512 MB random access memory (RAM), an external DVD-CD RW drive (drive), a LAN connector for connecting the Internet, RS-232 connector, Windows XP operating system with Russified special software, as well as a Philips 170 LCD monitor.

Modem 11 is designed for operators to exit station workstations through channels to an external exchange 23.

As modem 11, a modem such as Robotics Courier V. Everything Corporate Modem model 3453 can be used.

Ethernet switch 12 is designed to organize a local area network (LAN) between the workstation operators and other elements of an automatic telephone exchange. As an Ethernet switch 12, a Gigabit Ethernet desktop switch with five or eight ports can be used.

Personal computers 13 and 15 are used as an interface between the user and the telephone exchange, with which the user can perform both normal technical maintenance functions (for example, the introduction of MML directives) and block testing. As personal computers for workstations of the first 13 and second 15 operators, a personal computer of the P4-506 type, which incorporates an Intel Pentium processor, can also be used.

The printer 14 is designed to print alarms and reports (for example, reports on monitoring subscribers) and other operational information. The specified printer 14 is connected to a PC 13 AWP of the first operator. As said printer 14, a laser printer such as an HP Laser Jet 1020 can be used.

The subscriber line (AL) checking device 16 provides the following functions: controlling the operation of the measuring device 17 and preprocessing the measurement results, monitoring the health of station (or remote) secondary power supplies and an inductor call generator, organizing the exchange of information via PCM lines with a serial interface adapter and organization of information exchange at the junction of RS-232 with the service terminal (PC). The algorithm of individual measurements and operations is performed in the device 16 by commands from the operator or from the computer TO 10 automatically during preventive measurements and checks.

The measuring device 17 is intended for measuring parameters of subscriber lines (AL) and testing subscriber kits (AK). It works under the control of the device 16 check subscriber lines.

The subscriber line and the subscriber set (AK) are connected to the measuring device 17 through the station-wide measurement bus and the AL test bus. Connection is carried out in the corresponding subscriber set upon command from the subscriber signaling coprocessor.

Toward the subscriber line, the measuring device 17 performs the following functions: measuring constant and alternating voltages on the wires of the subscriber line relative to the ground, measuring the insulation resistance, checking for an open circuit, making test calls, and measuring the parameters of the dialer pulses.

Toward the station, the measuring device 17 performs a subscriber kit test.

As an analogue subscriber unit 18, any telephone set can be used, for example, a telephone set of type TA-72 with a disk dialer or TA type of Panasonic type NKX-TS2350 with a keypad.

As a subscriber telephone terminal 19, a digital telephone apparatus of the type CENSET Advanced with an attachment having a keyboard by ISKRATEL can be used.

Terminal station equipment 20 stations performs the following functions:

receiving a signal from the PCM line;

signal transmission to the PCM line;

buffering the signal received from the PCM line to eliminate phase jitter in it;

receiving and transmitting the E1 stream to the digital trunk 22.

The clock generator 21 generates for the clock amplifiers the main clock signals with frequencies of 16 MHz and 8 kHz, either independently or in synchronism with the 2.048 MHz clock signal, which is isolated from the PCM signal coming from a higher station hierarchical level of the terminal station equipment 20.

The digital connecting line 22 is made using an optical cable brand "INTEGRA-Cable" type IKSL-T-A16-2.5.

The proposed automatic telephone exchange with digital integrated service functions operates as follows.

The proposed PBX is designed for automatic switching of subscriber (AL) and trunk (SL) communication lines. The proposed automatic telephone exchange uses digital switching equipment (switching field) with space-time channel separation.

The station with the functions of the ISDN provides the establishment of connections with subscribers of other exchanges and PBXs with the functions of the ISDN within the public communication network.

The station provides interaction with various types of analog transmission systems and physical connecting lines (SL), which are currently used on communication networks in Russia and the CIS, for which the station uses interfacing with connecting lines, which provides for the coordination of the electrical characteristics of the station with transmission systems and the necessary alarm conversion.

The station provides the possibility of organizing intra-production telephone communications on communication networks, the station’s subscribers accessing the public communications network (MTS), restricting access to the MTS network to some subscribers by providing emergency calls using standard abbreviated numbers.

A PBX with CCS functions supports the connection of the following types of subscriber terminals: telephone sets with pulse dialing (disk or touch-line powered from the line), telephone sets with frequency dialing, payphones, telephones of remote subscribers with a maximum loop resistance of 3800 Ohms, modems and fax modems for dial-up lines, fax machines, and digital integrated service network (ISDN) terminals.

The station is characterized by a decentralized modular structure. Decentralization of the structure increases reliability and provides ease of management. Modularity allows you to enter additional functions if necessary, for example, digital network functions with integrated communications (ISDN) or others.

A digital connecting line 22 with a transmission speed of 2 Mbps is included in the switching system using terminal station equipment 20, which performs the necessary coordination, synchronization and transmission control.

Technical operation and maintenance of the proposed automatic telephone exchange can be performed separately or centrally from the operator’s workplaces and are designed to connect several automatic telephone exchanges.

Numerous signaling methods, a decentralized modular structure, centralized technical operation of the station and automated maintenance functions ensure reliable operation of the station throughout the entire long term of operation.

When a station is included in a digital station of a higher hierarchy, it operates in synchronous mode according to the principle of hierarchical synchronization, using a station of a higher hierarchy as a master station, a central (base) or nodal station. Synchronization from the master (base) station is carried out through the PCM line, which is used for exchanging telephone messages.

When a station is included in an analog station, it operates in plesiochronous mode without external control, generating its own clock frequency. In addition to the main station equipment, with the clock frequency generated by the station clock synchronization system, the equipment of the connecting line (SL) built into the station is synchronized, with the help of which it is interfaced with the surrounding analog network.

To perform a number of technical operation functions, there are directives entered from the display, when entered, you can use the menu method, instruction texts and parameter settings in a clear dialogue form.

The technical operation system in the station is a single set that does not need external measuring devices. Maintenance functions are automated, as a result of which the station is able to continue working without the intervention of operating personnel.

The station provides two basic access structures recommended by ITU-T for ISSC-subscribers:

main access, having the form 2B + D;

primary speed access of the form 30B + D.

Basic access is provided to subscribers using digital subscriber equipment (ISDN).

Access to the station at primary speed does not require this equipment. An exception is the case when the subscriber digital equipment itself is carried outside the station and connected to it at a primary speed as a subscriber load.

For both accesses, channel B is a 64 kbit / s duplex digital channel designed exclusively for transmitting user information.

Channel D is a duplex digital channel for transmitting service (including signaling) user information. The speed of channel D is 16 kbit / s in the main access and 64 kbit / s in access at the primary speed.

The station with the function of the central digital communications center in the minimum modular design has a digital subscriber capacity of up to 32 basic accesses. The number of joints inside this container is variable and each of them is a multiple of eight.

Access at primary speed uses the same methods of transmitting digital signals as in inter-office communications. The parameters for this access are regulated by Rec. ITU-T G.703, G.704.

As a subscriber installation connected to the station at primary speed access, the ISDN subscriber equipment of the station itself, taken out of it and installed in the place of concentration of the ISDN subscribers, or any PBX with the ISDN functions can be used.

For operation in the ISDN network, the station uses the USUP subsystem of the ACS signaling system No. 7 for inter-office communications and the EDSSI alarm system with primary speed access at the user-network interface. The ACS signaling system No. 7 is based on three MTP levels and includes both the functions of the endpoint and the signaling transit point.

The serial interface adapter is designed for buffering, primary processing and routing of messages transmitted between various station modules connected to the adapter via the corresponding interfaces. The adapter is connected to the DMC86 bus interface with the central processor of the KS 2 control system 3, the PCM-30 interface connects the adapter to switching system 2. Using the Ethernet interface, the TO 10 computer is connected.

The initial loading of the operating system and control programs into the adapter is carried out according to the BOOTP protocol from the hard drive of the TO 10 computer via the Ethernet interface. In the future, this interface is constantly monitored with the exit from the operating mode if there are no messages addressed to the adapter during a specified time interval. Return to operating mode occurs when the first message addressed to the adapter is received and is accompanied by reinitialization of the adapter hardware and software.

In the computer TO 10 and the PC automated workstation of the station operators, software (software) is used, which is divided into station maintenance software and technical maintenance software. In this case, the technical operation software includes the personal computer software of the operator’s workstation (RM) and the maintenance computer software. The maintenance software is intended to provide control of the station by means of directives introduced by the personal computer operators of the automated workstation of the first 13 and second 15 operators.

The station software is an executable code recorded in a reprogrammable read-only memory (EPROM), and the technical maintenance software is stored on PC disks of workstations in the form of sets of executable files and data files.

Maintenance software performs the following functions:

control over the correctness of the data management directives entered by the operator in the station;

fulfillment of the directives entered by the operator by sending a request to the station and processing the received request;

displaying the results of the implementation of directives on the PC screen of jobs.

The proposed automatic telephone exchange with the functions of a centralized communication center uses the MMI system (Man Machine Interface - a human-machine interface), which is a definite set formed by software and peripheral devices with which the operator can perform technical maintenance functions. The software uses the TERM.EXE program.

The types of communication provided in the proposed telephone exchange include:

1) in-house communication;

2) outgoing external communication;

3) incoming external communication;

4) transit communication;

5) additional types of services.

In-house communication is carried out between subscribers included in the proposed PBX. The connection is established through the subscriber search stage of the switching system 2 stations.

Outgoing and incoming external communications are carried out between subscribers included in the proposed telephone exchange and subscribers of other stations of the public communications network, including via a digital trunk line from an external telephone exchange 23. In this case, the connection is established through the subscriber and group search stages of the 2 station switching system.

The peculiarity of transit communication is that it is carried out through the stages of subscriber and group searches of several interacting stations, including the proposed PBX and similar stations of the public switched telephone network.

The procedure for establishing a connection and maintaining these connections may be different depending on the category of interacting subscribers, on the type of terminal means of communication used (such as used subscriber units and subscriber telephone terminals) [2, 3].

Additional types of services in the station include: loud-speaking communication using a broadcast amplifier, access to a voice recorder, radio communication through a radio station, search signaling.

Along with the basic services for establishing a connection between subscribers, the proposed PBX has a number of additional services, such as basic access to the ISDN, in which communication is via digital channels at a speed of 64 kbit / s and channels at a speed of 16 kbit / s, operator services (help and information services , manual connection establishment, operator assistance, etc.), reduced dialing, dialing without dialing (direct dialing), redialing without dialing, barring incoming and outgoing calls, access to long-distance network by passcode role, call forwarding, notification of a new call, making inquiries during a call, conference calls of three subscribers, determining the number of the calling subscriber based on the application of the called subscriber, choosing the long-distance / international communication operator.

The technical effect of the present invention is to improve the reliability of the station and improve the quality of telephone and data services provided to subscribers, achieved through constant automatic monitoring of the state of the station equipment, measurement and control of the parameters of subscriber and trunk lines connected to the PBX, and the use of a decentralized modular structure, centralized technical operation of the station and automation of maintenance functions, which These can ensure reliable operation of the station throughout the entire long term of operation.

In addition, the proposed automatic telephone exchange provides work both on analogue subscriber lines and on digital communication lines using telephone sets with pulse dialing (disk or touch-line powered by the line), telephone sets with frequency dialing, payphones, telephone sets of remote subscribers, modems and fax modems for dial-up lines, fax machines and digital integrated service network (ISDN) terminals, as well as improving the quality of communication services provided to subscribers, including A quick reduction in the time of establishing a connection, providing information about a new call during communication, making inquiries during a call, conference calls of three subscribers, determining the number of the calling subscriber according to the request of the called subscriber, and a number of other services.

Information sources.

1. Military switching systems and telephony. B.A. Gordienko, V.N. Filippov, L.P. Shcherbina / Ed. B.A. Gordienko. - YOU, 1984.

2. T.I. Ivanova. Subscriber terminals and computer telephony. - M .: Eco-Trends, 1999.

3. Switching equipment for institutional and industrial quasielectronic automatic telephone exchanges “QUANT”, decimal number РРО.122.201 TU, 1983.

Claims (1)

An automatic telephone exchange with the functions of a digital integrated service network, comprising a subscriber line unit (BAL), to which subscriber lines with analog telephone sets are connected at the end, a switching system (KS), a control system for a KS station, a tone generator, maintenance equipment, terminal equipment station equipment and a digital trunk line (DSL) to which an external automatic telephone exchange (PBX) is connected, characterized in that it is additionally introduced multi-frequency signaling device, access unit of a digital integrated service network (ISS), a call processing unit, a local area network (LAN) hub, an electronic maintenance computer (TO), a modem, an Ethernet switch, two automated workstations (AWS) operators based on a personal electronic computer (PC), a printer, a subscriber line checking device (AL), a measuring device, subscriber telephone terminals and a clock generator, while station inputs and outputs of the subscriber line unit are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the switching system (CS), the first control inputs and outputs of which are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the control system of the CS, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the second control inputs and outputs of the CS the inputs and outputs of the control system of the CS at the Ethernet interface are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the LAN hub, the inputs and outputs of the tone generator are connected to the first signal inputs and outputs of the CS, the inputs and outputs of the multi-frequency signal localizations are connected to the second signal inputs and outputs of the CS, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the station inputs and outputs of the access control center, to the line inputs and outputs of which are subscriber telephone terminals, the third control inputs and outputs of the CS are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the processing unit calls, the information inputs and outputs of which are connected to the information inputs and outputs of the maintenance equipment, the control inputs and outputs of which are connected to the fourth control inputs and outputs and KS, the first inputs and outputs of the maintenance equipment at the Ethernet interface are connected to the second inputs and outputs of the LAN hub, the second inputs and outputs of the maintenance equipment at the RS-232 interface are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the TO computer, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected Ethernet is connected to the third inputs and outputs of the LAN hub, the linear inputs and outputs of the modem are connected to the third inputs and outputs of the TO computer, the fourth inputs and outputs of which at the Ethernet interface are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the Ethernet switch, the second inputs and outputs whose odes at the Ethernet interface are connected to the modem's station I / Os, the third and fourth inputs and outputs of the Ethernet switch at the Ethernet interfaces are connected respectively to the first input-output PC of the AWP of the first operator and to the input-output of the PC AWP of the second operator, the second input-output of the PC Workstation of the first operator at the USB interface is connected to the input-output of the printer, the station inputs and outputs of the switching system (CS) are connected to the station inputs and outputs of the terminal station equipment, to the signal inputs and outputs of which the input is connected clock outputs of the clock generator, linear inputs and outputs of the terminal station equipment at the junction E1 are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the digital trunk, the inputs and outputs of the external telephone exchange are connected to the second inputs and outputs, the first inputs and outputs of the AL test device are connected to the third the inputs and outputs of the CS, the second inputs and outputs of the AL test device are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the measuring device, the second and third inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the measurement bus, respectively subscriber lines and test bus AL block subscriber lines.

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