RU2657138C1 - Grenade launcher complex of side impact (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to armament, namely to grenade launcher systems of side impact. Grenade of a grenade launcher complex contains a charge of an explosive, a fragmentation element, a rocket engine, aerodynamic stabilizers and a timer. According to a first embodiment the grenade fragmentation element is located on one side of the explosive charge placed in the cylindrical body with the possibility of rotating separately or together with the fragmentation element. According to a second embodiment the grenade fragmentation element is located on one side of the explosive charge, and the launcher grenade contains a gyroscope axis of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the grenade, contains power supply, electronic stabilization system, executive steering machines and aerodynamic steering wheels.

EFFECT: increase in the damaging effect of the grenade in one direction perpendicular to the direction of flight is achieved.

7 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to anti-personnel grenade launchers with a beam charge and is intended to engage in a direction lateral or vertical to the flight path of the grenade. The grenade launcher is a complex of firing (launch) device and grenade. The firing device may be disposable or reusable. The grenade can be either caliber or supercaliber.

There are known grenade launchers and their control systems, see my pat. Nos. 2499973 and 2513629. The prototype has two features: firstly, a grenade from it does not fly in a parabola, but in a straight line, and secondly, the grenade rotates quite quickly. The grenade launcher control system provides for a timer in the grenade and its semi-automatic installation according to the readings of the range finder. That is, a grenade explodes in flight on the side or above the enemy. At the same time, the enemy is struck by fragments, but the fraction of fragments flying in the right direction is small.

The disadvantage of all known grenade launchers is the insufficient damaging effect in the lateral or vertical direction.

The objective and technical result of the invention is to increase the damaging effect of a grenade in one direction, approximately perpendicular to the direction of flight.

OPTION 1. For this, the grenade launcher has, as usual, a rocket engine and aerodynamic stabilizers, has a timer and has a fragmentation grenade element, which is located on one side of the explosive charge (hereinafter BB), placed in a cylindrical housing rotatably separate from fragmentation element or with it (all directions hereinafter are given relative to the direction of flight of the grenade).

A cylindrical housing with an explosive charge (hereinafter referred to as the “cylinder”) can be closed by a fairing, and can be mounted on a fragmentation element using two racks with rolling or sliding bearings.

The explosive charge is cylindrical and placed on bearings for gyroscopic stabilization of the grenade in flight in order to maintain the orientation of the fragmentation element originally set before launch.

The explosive charge must be untwisted before starting or firing a grenade. The following methods are possible for this.

A) The grenade has an electric motor connected to the explosive charge, and the grenade launcher has a power supply and a switch in the grenade or in the firing device.

Given the characteristics and cost of modern electric motors, such as electric motors for electric car models, this solution will slightly increase the weight and cost of the grenade. Well, if there is a vacuum in the fairing of the grenade, this will reduce the friction of the cylinder with explosives against air.

B) The shaft of the cylindrical charge of the explosive has a ratchet for temporarily connecting the shaft of an electric or spring motor located in the firing device. Both engines have their own advantages and disadvantages: the electric motor needs batteries or “batteries”, and the spring motor needs to be started in advance.

C) The cylindrical explosive charge has inclined turbine blades on the lateral surface, to which the auxiliary rocket engine located in the grenade or in the firing device is directed, the blades protruding from the fairing, and the spin direction from the auxiliary rocket engine coincides with the direction of rotation of the explosive charge from the oncoming air stream . That is, the cylinder will not slow down during the flight of the grenade, since it will be twisted by the oncoming air stream.

D) It is possible to use a traveling magnetic field to spin a cylinder with explosives. For this, the grenade fairing (if any) is made of dielectric material, the explosive charge body is made of metal, and next to the grenade on the firing device are three or more windings connected to a traveling magnetic field generator. Windings can be located near the end or near the side surface of the cylinder. That is, a cylinder with an explosive is, as it were, the rotor of an asynchronous or synchronous electric motor (in the latter case, it must be magnetized).

It should be noted that the direction of rotation of the cylinder with the explosive can make a difference: since in flight it is slowed down due to friction in the bearings and about the air inside the fairing, a force acts on the grenade, slightly turning it in flight (except for gravity).

In addition, since the fragmentation element is located on only one side of the grenade, when using a symmetrical fairing, an unexpected curvature of the grenade's flight path is also possible.

Some distortion of the grenade’s flight is also possible due to Coriolis acceleration acting on the rotating explosive charge when the grenade is tilted on a parabolic flight path.

To compensate for the above reasons for the possible curvature of a grenade flight, the fairing may have an asymmetric shape (more convex on one side).

And the fairing should be located on the grenade so that its center of mass is on the longitudinal axis of the rocket engine. The latter is especially true for caliber grenades, and in over-caliber grenades the opposite is possible - a conscious shift of the center of mass to balance the inertia force and the aerodynamic drag force.

The power elements for this grenade launcher (located in the grenade or in the grenade launcher) should have a small capacity (in ampere-hours), but a small mass and a small internal resistance. Lamellar (like with Polaroid cameras) or rolled galvanic cells or batteries are well suited.

In FIG. 1-4 show two sub-options of the first grenade variant. In FIG. 1, 2 - over-caliber grenade in the form of a flat washer in the shape of a kayak, and in FIG. 3, 4 - in the form of a “flying saucer”.

Grenades consist of a rocket engine 1 with opening stabilizers 2, a housing 3, a fragmentation element 4 and an explosive charge in the form of a cylinder 5 (in Fig. 3, the cylinder has the shape of a “remnant”). For the one shown in FIG. 1-4 options implies the use of a running magnetic field for the promotion of the cylinder.

A grenade launcher works like this: let's say the enemy fires from behind a building or rock corner, from a door or window of a building, from armored vehicles, from a tree in a forest. The grenade launcher inserts a grenade into the firing device with a fragmentation element into the desired side, points the grenade launcher sight at the indicated obstacle and gently pulls the trigger, choosing a play. In this case, the range finder briefly turns on, and according to its indications, the sight electric motor rotates the sight to the necessary elevation.

At the same time, the flight time is entered into the grenade timer, but not calculated by the grenade launcher processor, but with the correction introduced by the grenade launcher in advance, say “+ 2m” (that is, plus two meters). At the same time, or with a separate button under the thumb, the running magnetic field generator is turned on, which spins the cylinder with explosives in 2-3 seconds. You can unwind for a metal explosive case or, if the explosive charge rotates together with a fragmentation element, for a metal fragmentation element (then the explosive charge does not have to be in a metal case).

A grenade fires, flies past an obstacle at a distance of 2-3 meters, flies another two meters and explodes at a height of about 1 meter, directing the fragments to one side in approximately the horizontal sector + -80 degrees and in the vertical sector about + -15 degrees (for sub-option in Fig. 1, 2) or in a circular sector of approximately + -40 degrees (for the sub-variant in Fig. 3, 4). In the latter case, the range adjustment may be less - plus 1 meter.

This grenade launcher is applicable to defeat the enemy in the trench, especially the sub-version in the form of a "flying saucer". For this, the grenade is inserted into the firing device with a fragmentation element down. On the side of a mountain or ravine, a grenade may be positioned at an angle of 45 degrees or another.

OPTION 2. In connection with the appearance on a wide sale of components and parts for electric aircraft models and in connection with the low price of these products, you can use them to stabilize a grenade in flight. For this grenade launcher contains a gyroscope, the axis of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the grenade, power supply, electronic stabilization system, power steering machines and aerodynamic steering wheels.

Images of this option is not illustrated.

This option works like this: all operations are performed in the same way as in the first embodiment, but not a cylinder with an explosive charge is untwisted, but a gyroscope. After firing a grenade, the aerodynamic rudders keep the grenade from rotating.

A rather delicate design of the rudders (although, of course, much more durable than that of aircraft models) can be considered some of the drawbacks of this option.

This option is well suited for over-caliber grenade launchers. On the caliber grenade according to this option, the rudders can be located on the front fairing without leaving the caliber gauge or can be folding.

Claims (7)

1. A grenade launcher complex of lateral destruction, the grenade of which contains an explosive charge (hereinafter BB), a fragmentation element, a rocket engine, aerodynamic stabilizers and a timer, characterized in that the fragmentation element of the grenade is located on one side of the explosive charge located in a cylindrical body with the possibility of rotation separately from the fragmentation element or with it. 2. Grenade launcher complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive charge in the grenade is closed by a fairing. 3. The grenade launcher system according to claim 1, characterized in that the grenade has an electric motor connected to the explosive charge, and the grenade launcher has a power source and a switch in the grenade or in the firing device. 4. Grenade launcher system according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft of the cylindrical charge of the explosive has a ratchet for temporarily connecting the shaft of an electric or spring motor located in the firing device. 5. The grenade launcher system according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical explosive charge has inclined turbine blades on the side surface, to which the auxiliary rocket engine located in the grenade or in the firing device is directed, the blades protruding from the fairing, and the spin direction from the auxiliary rocket engine coincides with the direction of rotation of the explosive charge from the oncoming air stream. 6. The grenade launcher system according to claim 1, characterized in that the grenade fairing is made of dielectric material, the explosive charge housing is made of metal, and three or more windings connected to a traveling magnetic field generator are located next to the grenade on the firing device. 7. A grenade launcher complex of lateral damage containing an explosive charge (hereinafter BB), a fragmentation element, a rocket engine, aerodynamic stabilizers and a timer, characterized in that the fragmentation grenade element is located on one side of the explosive charge, and the grenade launcher contains a gyroscope, the axis of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the grenade, contains power supply, an electronic stabilization system, power steering machines and aerodynamic wheels.

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