RU2641972C1 - Method for determining the interaction of athletes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to physical culture and sports and is intended for determining athletes interaction level in team sports. Light emitter of the software and hardware complex on a given playing field forms a given number of light-dynamic zones which are prohibited for finding each member of a athletes group and their sports equipment, light-dynamic zones imitate opposition of rival players and move over the playing field unpredictably or predictably for the athletes at a given speed. Athletes assess the simulated game situation, control the minimum allowed distance between each other, and measure their capabilities with the dynamics of movement of partners of forbidden zones and perform technical and tactical actions with the maximum possible number of handoffs of the sports equipment to each other through corridors which are free from forbidden light-dynamic zones. Playing field is recorded with a video camera, the video image is transferred to a software-hardware system which fixes the movements of the light-dynamic zones, sports equipment, athletes, the distance between them, as well as the number of hanfoffs of the equipment. If the minimum permissible distances between athletes are violated, the software-hardware system generates a conditional warning sound signal. In the absence of errors, when there is no entry of the sports equipment and/or athletes into the forbidden light-dynamic zone, or their going beyond the boundaries of the playing field, or reduction of the minimum permissible distances between the athletes during the test, the hardware-software system records the number of handoffs. Level of the test is complicated by increasing the speed of movement and/or the surface of the forbidden light-dynamic zones and/or their number, and/or specified minimum permissible distance between the athletes until they can correctly pass the sports equipment to each other. According to the maximum number of handoffs to each other at a given test time, at the maximum speed, surface and number of forbidden light-dynamic zones, as well as the maximum value of the minimum allowable distance between athletes, at which they do not make mistakes in performing this test, the level of interaction and preparedness of a group of athletes is judged.

EFFECT: method provides improved effectiveness of determining the interaction and preparedness of athletes in team sports due to the possibility of controlling the minimum allowable distance at which it is allowed to make a pass to each other.

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Description

The invention relates to physical education and sports and is intended to assess the level of interaction of athletes in playing sports. It can be used, for example, in the formation of sports teams of football players, hockey players or basketball players, as well as in the selection of teams of specialists working together in extreme conditions, where high coordination of actions is required when making decisions in the conditions of space and time deficit.

The constant intensification of gaming activity, over the past decades, requires athletes in game sports to be able to quickly and efficiently perform technical and tactical techniques in an unexpectedly changing environment, space and time limits, and confrontation from rivals [1]. The conditions of the competition in game sports are characterized by a large variety and dynamism of game situations. Therefore, special demands are made on athletes: special attention is paid to their skills and abilities to control current situations, anticipate their development and respond in time to game changes. The quality and effectiveness of the overall team task depends on how and in what condition the body of each member of the team is, how it is prepared for joint work, on the mutual understanding and psychological climate in the team [2].

An analysis of the specialized literature showed that there is no single universal method for assessing the level of game communication and the interaction of athletes in game sports. For a complete picture of determining the level of interaction of athletes, it is recommended to use heterogeneous tests. In addition, one should take into account its specificity in determining the teamwork of teams in different sports [3, 4].

To date, the assessment of the teamwork of players and their interaction is carried out by coaches mainly by observation method, and this is not effective and does not exclude subjective errors. It follows that in modern sport, the need for innovative technologies and new scientific and methodological developments that solve the above problems is obvious.

The prior art.

Light interactive panels and an interactive floor are known to which an image is transmitted, capable of changing depending on the movements of a person. Using interactive computer graphics allows you to create a large number of dynamic lighting effects on the surface of an interactive floor [5].

However, such systems are not intended for testing athletes.

A known method of interactive training of one or more players in the dynamic zones according to patent WO 2003/100568 A2 [6]. This system is intended primarily for creating multimedia entertainment and the formation of aerobic exercises due to the formation of user movement routes with various sound and light signals.

The disadvantage of this method is the small functionality.

A known method of training players and athletes with a sports equipment on the playing field, including the implementation of training on the field with controlled dynamic lighting. Using the dynamic lighting, the allowed zones are set in which the athlete must be holding the sports equipment, while the position, shape and area of the allowed zones are unpredictable for the athlete [7].

From the description of the method it is clear that this invention does not disclose the possibility of assessing the interaction of athletes.

Close to the proposed method is the method according to the patent [8], where the interaction of athletes is evaluated by the fact that the light emitter of a software and hardware complex forms a predetermined number of light-dynamic zones on a given playing field that are forbidden for each member of a group of athletes and their sports equipment In this case, the dynamic zones simulate the opposition of opposing players and, unpredictably or predictably for athletes, move at a given speed along the game to the field. The task of the athletes is to predict changes in the simulated game situation pre-set by the researcher and, observing the minimum allowable distance between the athletes according to the test conditions, to perform technical and tactical actions on the playing field with the maximum possible number of sports equipment transmissions to each other through corridors free of forbidden light-dynamic zones. The playing field is shot with a video camera, the video image is transferred to a hardware-software complex that records the movements of the dynamic zones, sports equipment, athletes, the distance between them, as well as the number of projectile transmissions. In the absence of errors, when there is no hit of a sports apparatus and / or athletes in the forbidden light-dynamic zone, or when they go beyond the boundaries of the playing field, or reduce the minimum allowable distance between athletes during the test, the hardware-software complex records the number of transmissions. The test level is complicated by increasing the speed of movement, and / or the area of the forbidden light-dynamic zones, and / or their number, and / or the specified minimum permissible distance between the athletes until they can correctly transmit the sports equipment to each other. By the maximum number of transmissions to each other at a given test time, at the maximum speed, area and the number of forbidden light-dynamic zones, as well as the maximum value of the minimum allowable distance between athletes, at which they, when performing this test, make no mistakes, judge the level of interaction and preparedness groups of athletes.

The disadvantage of this method is that it is difficult for athletes to control the minimum allowable distance at which it is allowed to transmit to each other.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of assessing the interaction of athletes in game sports.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the light emitter of the software and hardware complex, on a given playing field, form a predetermined number of light-dynamic zones that are forbidden for each member of the group of athletes and their sports equipment, while the light-dynamic zones imitate the opposition of opposing players and are unpredictable or predictable for athletes move at a given speed on the playing field. The task of the athletes is to predict changes in the simulated game situation pre-set by the researcher and, observing the minimum allowable distance between the athletes according to the test conditions, to perform technical and tactical actions on the playing field with the maximum possible number of sports equipment transmissions to each other through corridors free of forbidden light-dynamic zones. The playing field is shot with a video camera, the video image is transferred to a hardware-software complex that records the movements of the dynamic zones, sports equipment, athletes, the distance between them, as well as the number of projectile transmissions. In the absence of errors, when there is no hit of a sports apparatus and / or athletes in the forbidden light-dynamic zone, or when they go beyond the boundaries of the playing field, or reduce the minimum allowable distance between athletes during the test, the hardware-software complex records the number of transmissions. The test level is complicated by increasing the speed of movement, and / or the area of the forbidden light-dynamic zones, and / or their number, and / or the specified minimum permissible distance between the athletes until they can correctly transmit the sports equipment to each other. By the maximum number of transmissions to each other at a given test time, at the maximum speed, area and the number of forbidden light-dynamic zones, as well as the maximum value of the minimum allowable distance between athletes, at which they, when performing this test, make no mistakes, judge the level of interaction and preparedness groups of athletes. Moreover, it is new that the hardware-software complex automatically determines the distance between the athletes with a given time interval and generates an audio signal informing them if at least one of these distances is determined to be smaller than the specified minimum allowable distance between the athletes in this test.

This is the totality of essential features that provides a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The proposed method is as follows. A researcher from a library of computer programs selects a test that corresponds, in his opinion, to the level of preparedness of athletes and is focused on clarifying their level of functional state and interaction. To determine the game communication and interaction of a group of athletes, they are introduced into an artificial game state with a balanced physical and intellectual load. In this case, the physical load is set by target movements along the playing field: avoiding a collision with an “opponent” - forbidden light-dynamic zones, exit to areas with a free corridor where the direct path to the partner athlete is not blocked and repeatedly performing the reception, processing, moving the projectile and transferring pass to the partner. The intellectual load is presented to the players as the need to anticipate changes in situations and “discover” group members on the field in order to effectively complete the common task - the maximum number of accurate projectile transfers to each other from distances that are allowed by the conditions of this test. The distance limitation is introduced in the test conditions in order to increase its correctness and to exclude fast short transfers, which cannot be an indicator of the level of group interaction. Violation of the test conditions - the reduction of distances between partners is fixed by a hardware-software complex that generates a conditional sound signal to increase the distance between athletes.

On the playing field by known traditional means, for example, paint or a light emitter, for example, a laser projector, a contrasting boundary of the playing area of a given shape and size is formed. Depending on the preparedness of the athletes, one or more conditional rivals — forbidden light-dynamic zones of a given diameter that move along the playing area at a given speed — are formed by the light emitter of the software and hardware complex.

Moreover, depending on the test conditions, the movement of the dynamic zones can be predictable or unpredictable for athletes.

At low speeds, it is easy for athletes to react to changes in simulated situations and it is not difficult to predict a change in the position of forbidden light-dynamic zones on the playing field. Partners can pre-accurately select the directions of their movements in order to fulfill the general task and test conditions. However, with an increase in the speed of light-dynamic zones - rivals, an increase in their number and diameter, a limit of space and time arises for making a decision and joint exit into a free corridor. This is where the ability to feel a partner and through their actions to help each other, performing a common task, is manifested. As the first experiments showed, in the created artificial conditions, an athlete’s condition is not much different from his condition in a real game environment, where he is forced to simultaneously control a sports apparatus, actions of partner athletes and rivals, as well as quickly calculate rational options for his team’s interaction.

The practical use of this method of determining the interaction and preparedness of athletes shows the effectiveness and high potential of this invention.

The inventive method differs from the known methods with new properties that determine the receipt of a positive effect, it improves the efficiency of determining the interaction and preparedness of athletes by obtaining new testing conditions that were previously unavailable.

Information sources

1. Golomazov S.V. Theory and methodology of football. Technique of the game / S.V. Golomazov, B.G. Chirva. - M.: Sports Academy Press, 2002 .-- 472 p.

2. Popechitelev EP Sports team as a macroorganism // St. Petersburg: Golden Section LLC. On Sat Physical culture and sport in the education system of Russia: innovations and development prospects. 2013 .-- 344 p. Page 295-314.

3. Marushkin, Yu.F. Teamwork of a football team in connection with the individual characteristics of the operational thinking of football players: Diss. Cand. ped sciences / Yu.F. Marushkin. M., GTsOLIFK, 1984. - 120 p.

4. Bukova L.M. Rational options for completing the game links of basketball players of the 3rd and 4th years of education in the training groups: Diss. Cand. ped sciences / L.M. Bukova. M .: GTsOLIFK, 1987 .-- 175 p.

5. Eagles Hi-Tech // Marketingpro. - 2009. - No. 3. - V. 52. - P. 76.

6. Patent WO 2003/100568 A2, (LIGHTSPACE CORP.), 04/04/2003.

7. RF patent No. 2444392, IPC А63В 69/00. The method of training players and athletes / Afonshin V.E .; publ. 03/10/12, Bull. Number 7.

8. RF patent №2609047, IPC АВВ 5/16. A method for determining the interaction and preparedness of athletes / Afonshin V.E .; publ. 01/30/2017. Bull. Number 4.

Claims (1)

A method for assessing the game interaction of athletes, where a predetermined number of light-dynamic zones are formed by a light emitter of a software and hardware complex on a given playing field that are forbidden to be found by each member of a group of athletes and their sports equipment, while the light-dynamic zones imitate opposing players and are unpredictable or predictable for athletes move with a given speed on the playing field; the task of the athletes is to predict changes in the simulated game situation, previously set by the researcher and, observing the minimum allowable distance between the athletes according to the test conditions, to perform technical and tactical actions on the playing field with the maximum possible number of sports equipment transfers to each other through corridors free of forbidden light-dynamic zones; the playing field is shot with a video camera, the video image is transferred to a hardware-software complex that records the movements of the dynamic zones, sports equipment, athletes, the distance between them, as well as the number of projectile transmissions; in the absence of errors, when there is no hit of a sports apparatus and / or athletes in the forbidden light-dynamic zone or when they go beyond the boundaries of the playing field or reduce the minimum allowable distance between athletes during the test, the hardware-software complex records the number of transfers; the test level is complicated by increasing the speed of movement, and / or the area of the forbidden light-dynamic zones, and / or their number, and / or the specified minimum allowable distance between the athletes until they can correctly transmit the sports equipment to each other; by the maximum number of transmissions to each other at a given test time, at the maximum speed, area and the number of forbidden light-dynamic zones, as well as the maximum value of the minimum permissible distance between athletes, at which they, when performing this test, make no mistakes, judge the level of interaction and preparedness groups of athletes, characterized in that the hardware-software complex automatically determines the distances between the athletes with a specified time interval and generates a sound informing them oic signal if at least one of these distances is determined as smaller by comparison with a predetermined minimum allowed distance between athletes in this test.