RU2635572C1 - Food additive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: additive is a whole apple powder obtained by feedstock drying in two stages. At the first stage, drying is carried out to the residual humidity of 30-35% at a temperature up to 90°C, and at the second stage - to the residual humidity of 6-8% at a temperature not exceeding 40°C, with the simultaneous disintegration of the materials to be processed.

EFFECT: hypotensive properties.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of food industry, in particular to the field of production of functional food products.

Functional foods (FPPs) are defined as traditional foods enriched with supplements that are beneficial to human health, i.e. functional ingredients.

Functional food products include:

- food products naturally containing the required amounts of a functional ingredient or group thereof;

- natural products, additionally enriched with some functional ingredient or group thereof;

- natural products from which a component has been removed that interferes with the physiological activity of the functional ingredients present in them;

- natural products in which the original potential functional ingredients are modified so that they begin to show their physiological activity or this activity is enhanced;

- natural food products, in which, as a result of various modifications, the bioavailability of the functional ingredients included in them increases;

- natural or artificial products, which, as a result of a combination of the above technological methods, acquire the ability to maintain and improve the physical and mental health of a person and / or reduce the risk of diseases. [Roberfroid M.B. Global view on functional foods: European perspectives // British J. Nutrition. 2002, 88, 2, 133-138.]

The ideological principle of the developed series of functional products is the absence of preservatives, dyes, flavorings and other artificial food additives in them. The main ingredients of the products are dried fruits and berries (powders) using a special innovative technology, as well as various food components that allow you to vary the taste, aroma and functional properties of the products.

Dried chopped fruits and berries contain dietary fiber, pectins and fiber, which have the properties of prebiotics.

Prebiotics are substances that are the basis of the vital intestinal microflora and stimulate its growth. Regular use of prebiotics has a beneficial effect on the human body: immunity increases, resistance to adverse environmental factors, and dysbiosis, allergies and other diseases are prevented.

Pectins are soluble dietary fiber, biopolymers that are part of the cell walls, median plates and cytoplasm of plant cells. They are present in almost all fruits and vegetables. Being a structural element of tissues, pectins provide integrity and stabilization of cell tissues in plants.

Powders from fruits and berries contain insoluble dietary fiber, which are also prebiotics. They are not adsorbed in the small intestine, but are fully or partially fermented in the colon, regulate the functions of the gallbladder and digestion of food, stimulate the growth of microorganisms. These include cellulose, hemicellulose, resistant starch.

It is known that fresh apples are indicated for improving digestion, increasing bile secretion, reducing edema, increasing blood formation, in the treatment of sclerosis and gout, chronic rheumatism and urolithiasis, colds, gastritis, colitis, biliary tract dystonia, and vitamin deficiencies. It should be noted the important role of apple pectin substances, which have the ability to remove toxins from the body and other toxic substances, including heavy metal ions and radioactive elements.

Known (RU, patent 2124300, publ. 10.01.1999) food supplement containing cryoposhka apple. Cryopowders from plant materials, including apples, are obtained by grinding previously ground and dried plant materials in a refrigerant medium.

The disadvantage of cryopowder from apples should be recognized as the complexity of technology and technological equipment, as well as the high cost.

Known (RU, patent 2562517, publ. 09/10/2015), a biologically active food supplement is a powder from squeezed apples obtained by drying, cooling and subsequent grinding, and before drying, squeezed apples are processed in an electromagnetic field of superhigh frequencies with a frequency of 2450 MHz at a specific power of 180-300 W / dm ³ for 30-90 seconds, and grinding is carried out until the content in the additive is not less than 99% of particles with a size of not more than 0.05 mm.

A disadvantage of the known product should be recognized as the use of squeezed apples as a raw material, i.e. obviously depleted in beneficial substances product.

Known (RU, patent 2391012, publ. October 27, 2009) is a biologically active food supplement with antioxidant properties, which is a powder from squeezed apples obtained by drying them to a moisture content of 6-8%, followed by grinding in a thin, spiral-rolling film 0.1-0.5 mm thick with a pulsating pressure gradient of 10-15 MPa and a temperature of 20-30 ° C.

A disadvantage of the known product should be recognized as the use of squeezed apples as a raw material, i.e. obviously depleted in beneficial substances product.

The technical problem solved by the developed technical solution consists in the emergence of a new type of food additives.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the developed technical solution consists in the appearance of a natural food supplement with hyptesic properties.

To achieve the technical result, it is proposed to use a food supplement, which is whole apple powder, obtained by drying the feedstock in two stages, while in the first stage, drying is carried out to a residual moisture content of 30-35% at a temperature of up to 90 ° C, and in the second stage - to a residual moisture content of 6-8% at a temperature not exceeding 40 ° C, with the simultaneous disintegration of the processed materials.

To obtain apple powder, a device known from RF patent No. 2381657 or similar equipment can be used.

Studies of the obtained food additives were carried out at the State Scientific Institution All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Meat Industry named after V.M. Gorbatov Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

In the course of work, we solved two main tasks:

1. To study the effect of the studied apple powder obtained by drying the feedstock in two stages, while in the first stage, drying is carried out to a residual moisture content of 30-35% at a temperature of up to 90 ° C, and in the second stage, to a residual moisture content of 6-8% at a temperature not exceeding 40 ° C, with simultaneous disintegration of the processed materials, to the clinical and physiological parameters of laboratory animals.

2. To study the possibility of toxic effects when using the specified apple powder.

To accomplish these tasks, studies were conducted under experimental conditions on white rats of the Wistar line. Investigations were performed on clinically healthy animals, which were previously kept in quarantine for 5 days. The weight of the animals at the beginning of the experiment ranged from 190 ± 20 grams. The experimental group consisted of 6 animals.

The animals examined apple powder was mixed in an amount of 3% with finely ground meat, the resulting mixture was added to boiled pearl barley. The intake of minerals was provided through feed.

The control group consisted of the same rats and received a standard diet of vivarium (pearl barley with minced meat, compound feed).

Weighing was carried out every 4 days. Daily monitoring of animals. The clinical status, behavior pattern and physical activity of animals, appetite, water intake were recorded, and the state of the mucous membranes and hairline was monitored. The state of the cardiovascular system was evaluated using a non-invasive blood pressure measurement system on days 20 and 27 of the experiment. A non-invasive blood pressure measurement system in rats allows you to measure heart rate, systolic, diastolic and average pressure.

At the end of the experiment, the animals were killed in a chamber for euthanasia using carbon dioxide. Stunned animals were bled from the ventricles of the heart for a general clinical and biochemical study.

Also, at the end of the experiment, an autopsy was performed on the animals with a visual examination of the internal organs, and the body weight of the animals and internal organs (liver, spleen, kidney, heart) was measured.

During the experiment, it was found that rats that consumed apple powder willingly ate a diet, their condition was in a state of physiological norm. They steadily gained weight. The gain amounted to 7.2%. On the 20th day of the experiment in these animals, the heart rate, systolic, diastolic and average pressure remained almost constant, but these parameters decreased. Therefore, the use of apple powder obtained by drying the feedstock in two stages, and in the first stage, drying is carried out to a residual moisture content of 30-35% at a temperature of up to 90 ° C, and in the second stage, to a residual moisture content of 6-8%, not exceeding 40 ° C, with the simultaneous disintegration of the processed materials, it has hypontensive properties. reducing heart rate and blood pressure in the absence of any toxic effects.

The resulting apple powder can be included in the recipe for confectionery, bakery products, cereals and dessert drinks.

Claims (1)

A food supplement, characterized in that it is a whole apple powder obtained by drying the feedstock in two stages, while in the first stage, the drying is carried out to a residual moisture content of 30-35% at a temperature of up to 90 ° C, and in the second stage, to residual humidity of 6-8% at a temperature not exceeding 40 ° C, with simultaneous disintegration of the processed materials.