RU2633848C1 - Non-destructible detonation translator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting.

SUBSTANCE: non-destructible detonation translator contains a detonating line charge of blasting explosive in a metal case that has an outer coating of nonmetallic material with an impedance substantially less than that of the case metal, in the form of a filament winding made of high-strength synthetic fibers of an ultrahigh-modulus material. At the ends of detonating line charge the charge-amplifiers made in the form of thin-walled metal caps with a combined charge of blasting explosive, consisting of two pressings of different densities, are placed. Detonating charge is placed in a thin-walled metal tube, tightly put on the filament winding. Charges-amplifier are installed in the internal cavity of the tips fixed to the ends of the metal tube by means of a threaded connection, wherein the bottom parts of the caps projecting beyond the tips. The bottom part of the internal cavity of the tips has a tapered constriction, directed by the apex towards the metal tube. In the internal cavity of each tip there is a locking device made in the form of a locking ball and a sliding sleeve. The detonating line charge of blasting explosive is located in the axial channel passing through the cone-shaped constriction and sliding sleeve, and each tip is provided with a mounting nut with external thread, which secures the detonation translator in the on-board pyroautomatic system. The equipment of detonating line charge is a thin 0.5-0.7 mm cord of a highly sensitive and highly blasting elastic explosive with a small, about 0.2 mm, critical diameter of detonation.

EFFECT: reducing the level of shock wave loads, excluding the possibility of device case layers destruction and increasing its reliability, improving the mass-dimensional characteristics.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to on-board pyroautomatics of rocket and space, aviation, special equipment and can be used in systems for breeding detonation commands, as well as in explosive logic devices.

Solving its main task of reliably transmitting detonation pulses from initiating devices to actuators (bursting bolts, locks, checks, etc.) in a given direction in an established cyclogram, detonation translators (often referred to as charge-translators in specialized literature) must satisfy a number specific requirements, which in addition to the high susceptibility to detonation and transmitted initiating impulse include the minimum negative impact on the design of the aircraft th apparatus (LA), its sensitive nodes, assemblies, service and scientific equipment. To do this, when the translator is triggered, it is necessary to ensure a minimum level of shock and vibration loads, the absence of metallic and nonmetallic high-speed fragments, gaseous products of detonation of explosives (EXPLOSIVES) and a condensed phase in the form of soot (K-phase), while the translator must have a satisfactory overall - layout and design characteristics.

Known shock wave tubes, waveguides, which are part of the initiation systems (SIN) with low-energy pulse conductors: domestic systems SINV, UNSI, EDELIN, Swedish NONEL, German DINASHOK, etc. (Graevsky M.M. Handbook for the electric explosion of explosive charges. Publishing house 2 revised and supplemented - M .: Rendezvous - AM, 2000, p. 388-392). The waveguide tube, for example, for the SINV system is a multilayer plastic tube with an outer diameter of 3.5 mm. An explosive was sprayed on the inner surface with a sample of about 20 mg / m.

The disadvantages of this type of detonation translators are: the practical impossibility of monitoring the continuity of explosive spraying on the inner surface of the tube along its entire length; the use of a special explosive device with a high-energy spark to activate the waveguide tube; low detonation pulse transmission speed (only about 2000 m / s) and, as a result, a very low initiating pulse; low radiation and thermal resistance of polymer tubes; the rigidity of the device is not high enough.

Known detonating cord, which is a linear charge-translator of detonation commands of the ring type with low secondary blasting effect and with low mass and dimensional characteristics (patent description CH 520085, publ. 04/28/1972). The charge includes a core of a blasting explosive (RDX, TENA), placed between the outer and inner thermoplastic polymer shells, and a through air channel located on the axis of the charge.

The disadvantages of the translators of this design are not enough high initiating impulse for reliable excitation of detonation in regular blasting explosives, low radiation and thermal stability, low stiffness of the device.

The disadvantages inherent in this analogue are almost completely eliminated in the linear charge-translator of detonation commands, consisting of the outer and inner metal shells (made of copper), a high-explosive charge with a density of at least 1.5 g / cm ³ placed between them, and end-to-end air gap on the axis of the charge, with the ratio of the thickness of the shells and the diameter of the air channel 1: 1: 10 (patent application RU No. 94022115, publ. 04/10/1997). Due to the advancing impact on the explosive charge of the shock waves propagating through the metal shells and the air shock wave arising in the through channel, stable detonation is maintained in the charge at an increased speed (9000 m / s and more). As a result of this, the initiating impulse transmitted by the charge-translator to the executive device also increases significantly.

The disadvantages of this analogue are the high complexity of the manufacturing process by drawing charges with a strictly coaxial arrangement of shells, especially long charges, as well as the inability to guarantee the continuity of equipment along the entire length of the charge, the absence of fragments, cracks in the explosives at the points of bending of the charge-translator at its layout on a complex profile on board the aircraft in the absence of reliable methods of instrumental quality control of such charges.

Known linear charge-translator of detonation ring-type commands, which is a further constructive development of the previous analogue (description of patent RU 2134254, priority from 02/05/1997). The through channel located on the axis of the charge is filled with a slightly compressible medium (for example, an inert liquid). To amplify the medium in the channel, sealing caps are mounted on the ends of the charge-translator. Due to the initiation of an explosive ring charge from its lateral surface, a pulsating detonation mode with a velocity of 12000 m / s and higher is realized in the translator charge (it depends on the nature of the medium filling the through channel). The initiating impulse in this case increases by more than 30%. However, in the translator of this design, to all the drawbacks of the previous analogue, the need is also added to perform reliable sealing of the ends of the charge that can withstand all conditions of launch, flight, landing (action at the target) of the aircraft.

The closest analogue to the claimed device, selected as a prototype, is a charge-translator in a conditionally indestructible multilayer shell, including a detonating elongated charge (RC) of a circular cross-section of crystalline blasting explosive in a metal shell with one and one tightly seated on it (without air gaps) / or several layers (shells) of non-metallic materials with lower acoustic stiffness (impedances) compared with the metal of the shell of the remote sensing system (RF patent 2554166, p priority dated 03/28/2014). Metal caps equipped with an explosive and / or composition and / or explosive composition of several press-fittings of different densities are put on the ends of the DPS, and the press-fit with the highest density is placed in the bottom of the caps. Caps act as transmission and at the same time amplifying charges.

The device allows for very satisfactory mass-dimensional and operational characteristics to reliably transmit the detonation pulse from any standard initiating device (detonator capsule, electric detonator, electric detonating device, fuse or fuse) to the actuator of a particular automation system.

The disadvantage of this device is that it can be considered indestructible only conditionally. While maintaining the continuity of the metal casing of the DLD during the detonation of explosives and, as a result, eliminating the formation of high-speed metal fragments and detonation products of explosives, the external nonmetallic shell layers can be destroyed with the formation of large fragments of a “belt-like” shape. In order to prevent them from clogging the internal space of the aircraft and eliminate their negative impact on sensitive equipment and devices, intercepting screens or traps should be constructively designed, which will inevitably entail a heavier structure and a deterioration of the overall layout of the product as a whole.

In addition, after actuation of actuators, for example, separation systems, from such translator charges, the possibility of flowing through the through channels (formed after the explosion of equipment (explosive devices) of remote sensing devices) into the aircraft of highly heated gaseous detonation or combustion products containing a large amount K phase.

Another disadvantage of this device is the excess power of the explosion, caused by the need to manufacture a remote sensing device with a diameter of equipment exceeding the value of its critical diameter of detonation. For full-time individual crystalline blasting explosives used for the manufacture of DLD (RDX, HMX, HPS), critical detonation diameters depending on the dispersion and imperfection of crystals, charge density, initial temperature, shell material and its thickness, etc. are within 0.7 ÷ 4.0 mm. In this regard, the diameter of the explosive in 1.0 mm adopted in the DLD equipped with a crystalline explosive, the minimum allowable.

As a result of this, the charge-translator has sufficiently large (especially for space technology) dimensions and masses. The charge-translator described in the patent description as an example in a conditionally indestructible three-layer shell has an outer diameter of 8.4 mm; its mass is approximately 56 g / m.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks and achieve a technical result, including:

- the exception of the destruction of the outer layers (shells) of the device with the formation of any fragments (debris);

- reduction of levels of shock-wave loads when the device is triggered;

- improvement of the mass-dimensional characteristics and layout scheme of both the separate broadcast system of detonation teams and the product as a whole;

- improving the manufacturability of the installation of the device and its layout on a complex profile;

- the exclusion of the possibility of a breakthrough into the aircraft of the gaseous products of explosive transformation in the form of detonation or combustion after operation from the detonation translator of the actuators of the on-board automation systems;

- improving reliability and expanding the functionality of the device.

This task is ensured by the fact that, in contrast to the known indestructible detonation translator, including detonating elongated explosive charge in a metal shell having an outer coating of non-metallic material with an impedance significantly lower than that of the shell metal, and amplifier charges located at the ends of the detonating elongated charge and made in the form of thin-walled metal caps with a combined explosive charge placed inside them, consisting of two parts different densities, in which the high-density part of the charge is located in the bottom of the caps, the new fact is that the outer coating of the metal shell of the detonating charge is made in the form of a filament winding from high-strength synthetic fibers of ultra-high modulus material, while the detonating charge is placed in a thin-walled metal tube tightly worn on the winding, and the charge-amplifiers are installed in the inner cavity of the lugs mounted on the ends of the tube by means of a threaded connection, the bottom parts of the caps extend beyond the tips, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the tips has a cone-shaped narrowing directed by the apex towards the metal tube, and a locking device is placed in the inner cavity of each tip, made in the form of a locking ball and a sliding sleeve in contact with the base with cap from the side of its open part and facing with its nose, made in the form of a truncated cone, in the direction of the metal tube, while the detonating is elongated first explosive charge arranged in an axial duct passing through the cone-shaped narrowing and the sliding sleeve, and each nozzle is provided with a mounting nut with an external thread, which provides fixation of the translator board piroavtomatiki detonation system.

In addition, the equipment of the detonating elongated charge is a thin cord with a diameter of 0.5 ÷ 0.7 mm of a highly sensitive and high-sheen elastic explosive with a small critical diameter of detonation of about 0.2 mm.

The outer coating of the metal shell of the detonating charge in the form of a filament winding from high-strength synthetic fibers of ultra-high modulus material and placing the detonating charge in a thin-walled metal tube tightly worn on a filament winding helps to optimize the attenuation of the radial shock wave and reduce the level of shock wave loads, eliminating the destruction of all layers (shells) and the formation of any fragments (debris), as well as improving the mass-dimensional characteristics of the product .

The placement of charge-amplifiers in the inner cavity of the tips fixed to the ends of the tube by means of a threaded connection, when the bottom parts of the caps extend beyond the tips, increases the reliability of the proposed device and the entire broadcast system of detonation commands, as well as simplifies the installation of the device on board the aircraft and improves its overall size - layout characteristics.

The supply of tips with set nuts with an external thread ensures reliable fixation of the knock translator in the on-board pyroautomatics system and simplifies installation of the device on board the aircraft.

The presence in the bottom of the inner cavity of the tips of the cone-shaped narrowing directed by the apex towards the metal tube, as well as the presence in the inner cavity of each tip of the locking device, made in the form of a locking ball and a sliding sleeve in contact with the base with the cap on the side of its open part and facing its nose part, made in the form of a truncated cone, in the direction of the metal tube, as well as the placement of a detonating elongated charge in the axial channel passing through a mustache-like narrowing and a sliding sleeve eliminates the possibility of a breakthrough inside the aircraft of highly heated gaseous products of explosive transformations formed when actuators are activated and containing a large amount of K phase, which helps to protect the detonating elongated charge from destruction of the shells and increases the reliability of the device and the entire detonation translation system teams.

Equipping a detonating elongated charge with a thin diameter of 0.5 ÷ 0.7 mm with a cord of a highly sensitive and high-sheen elastic explosive with a small, about 0.2 mm, critical diameter of detonation helps to reduce the levels of shock-wave loads when they are triggered, eliminating the destruction of all layers (shells ) and the formation of any fragments (debris), as well as improving the mass-dimensional characteristics of the product.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General view of the claimed device in section.

An indestructible detonation translator includes a detonating elongated explosive charge 1 in a metal shell 2 (for example, copper or brass). Equipment (explosive core) DPS is a thin (diameter of 0.5 ÷ 0.7 mm) cord of elastic explosive (EBM), for example a highly dispersed heater or benzotrifuroxane, with a very small critical diameter of detonation equal to approximately 0.2 mm The shell has an outer coating 3 of non-metallic material and is made in the form of a filament winding from high-strength synthetic fibers of an ultra-high modulus material, for example Kevlar, in which the impedance is significantly lower than that of the shell metal. At the ends of the detonating elongated charge 1, amplifier charges 4 are placed, made in the form of thin-walled metal caps 5 with a combined explosive charge consisting of two press-fits of different densities 6, 7, in which a high-density part of the charge is located in the bottom of the caps 5. Detonating charge 1 placed in a thin-walled metal tube 8 (made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel), tightly worn with compression on the thread winding 3. There is an external thread on both ends of the metal tube 8, where the tips 9 with mounting nuts 10 are attached to the tube, equipped with an external thread, which ensures reliable fixation of the knock translator in the on-board pyroautomatics system and convenient and quick installation of the device.

Amplifier charges 4 are placed in the inner cavity of the tips, with the bottom part of the caps protruding beyond the tips, and the bottom part of the inner cavity of the tips 9 has a cone-shaped narrowing directed by the apex towards the metal tube 8. To hold the detonation products formed during operation of the actuators, an internal cavity of each tip 9 has a locking device made in the form of a locking ball 11 and a sliding sleeve 12 in contact with the base with the cap 5 on the side its open part and its nose, made in the form of a truncated cone, in the direction of the metal tube 8. In this case, the detonating elongated explosive charge is placed in the axial channel 13 passing through the cone-shaped narrowing and the sliding sleeve 12.

When the device is triggered, the detonation pulse from the initiating device (not shown) is transferred to the composite combined amplifying charge 6, 7 located in the metal cap 5. The amplifying charge initiates an elongated detonating charge 1, in which detonation is transmitted to the opposite analogous amplifying charge 4, placed in such the same cap 5, where the pulse is amplified and excites the detonation of the explosive charge of the actuator or mechanism (not shown in the drawing). The resulting products of the explosion of the amplification charge set in motion a sliding sleeve 12 with a nose made in the form of a truncated cone, which pushes the ball 11 in front of itself, and together they lock the channel 13 in the tip 9, formed after the detonating elongated charge 1. The metal shell 2, the outer winding 3 and the thin-walled metal tube 8 undergo elastic (possibly elastoplastic) deformations, while fully preserving their continuity.

The present invention allows to reduce the level of shock-wave loads, to exclude the possibility of destruction of all layers (shells) and the formation of fragments, to increase the reliability of the proposed device and the entire broadcast system of detonation commands, as well as improve the mass-dimensional characteristics of the product and simplify the installation of the device on board the aircraft. Moreover, as the studies showed, in the proposed design, the dimensions and mass of the detonation translator can be provided within: the outer diameter up to 3.6 ÷ 4.8 mm; weight up to 20 ÷ 40 g / m (excluding the mass of tips and nuts).

Claims (2)

1. An indestructible detonation translator, including a detonating elongated explosive charge in a metal shell having an outer coating of non-metallic material with an impedance substantially lower than that of the shell metal, and amplifier charges located at the ends of the detonating elongated charge and made in the form of thin-walled metal caps with a combined explosive charge placed inside them, consisting of two press-fits of different densities, in which the high-density part of the charge located in the bottom of the caps, characterized in that the outer coating of the metal shell of the detonating charge is made in the form of a filament winding from high-strength synthetic fibers of ultra-high modulus material, while the detonating charge is placed in a thin-walled metal tube tightly worn on the filament winding, and the charge-amplifiers are installed in the inner cavity of the tips attached to the ends of the tube by means of a threaded connection, the bottom parts of the caps protruding beyond the ends of the tips, and the don The nasal part of the inner cavity of the tips has a cone-shaped narrowing directed by the apex toward the metal tube, while in the inner cavity of each tip there is a locking device made in the form of a locking ball and a sliding sleeve contacting the base with the cap on the side of its open part and facing its nose made in the form of a truncated cone, in the direction of the metal tube, while the detonating elongated explosive charge is placed in the axial channel passing through a cone-shaped narrowing and a sliding sleeve, and each tip is equipped with an adjusting nut with an external thread, which ensures the fixation of the knock translator in the on-board pyroautomatic system. 2. The indestructible translator according to claim 1, characterized in that the equipment of the detonating elongated charge is a thin cord with a diameter of 0.5-0.7 mm of a highly sensitive and high-sheen elastic explosive with a small, about 0.2 mm, critical diameter of detonation.

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