RU2612404C1 - Two-bullet cartridge for smoothbore weapons - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: two-bullet cartridge for smoothbore weapons contains a shell, an igniter, a powder charge, an obturator, and an arrow-shaped bullet. Whereupon, there is an additional part of missile charge separated from the main missile charge by a diaphragm with a hole in the shell, and there is the second arrow-shaped bullet between the first arrow-shaped and a muzzle face of the shell. Furthermore, both arrow-shaped bullets have the same structure, shape, and geometrical dimensions. Furthermore, the analog components of both arrow-shaped bullets are performed of the same materials. Furthermore, the arrow-shaped bullets are performed of metal. Furthermore, the arrow-shaped bullets are performed of metal and equipped with encircling centering detachable elements performed of plastic. Furthermore, the Ivanov's bullet or Rubeykin's bullet or "Balle Blondeau" is used as arrow-shaped bullets.

EFFECT: increasing of efficiency of big animal damage by a bullet.

6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, in particular to bullet cartridges for smoothbore guns, and can be used both for hunting and for the needs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Known for patents of the Russian Federation No. 2349869 and No. 2308672 bullet cartridge with a steel bullet Ivanov, which is selected for analogues.

Known bullet cartridge for smoothbore guns, for example with metal bullets of Rubeykin, or Blondo (A.V. Kuzminsky, under the general editorship of A.E. Taras "Weapons for the hunter", Minsk, Moscow, Harvest Ast LLC, 2000 g., p. 301), which is selected for the prototype. The cartridges known for the prototype and the analogue use metal bullets, which, unlike soft lead bullets, when struck in the body of a large animal do not deform and thereby do not provide an expansive effect, so the defeat (stopping them in place with one shot) of large animals with such cartridges is not enough effectively.

The cartridge, known for the prototype, contains a sleeve with an igniter capsule, a powder charge, an obturator, a wood-fiber wad, and one arrow-shaped bullet. The cartridge sleeve is sealed by rolling. In this cartridge, the presence of wood fiber wad provides a reduction in pressure peaks of powder gases during firing, which makes it possible to increase the speed of a bullet by increasing the mass of a propellant charge without increasing the maximum pressure inside the barrel of a smoothbore weapon. However, the volume occupied by fiberboard reduces the free internal volume of the sleeve, which significantly limits the length of the bullet, which must be placed in the sleeve of the cartridge. Long-term practice of equipping and using bullet cartridges for smoothbore guns has formed the concept of using one bullet in a cartridge of approximately the same mass for each caliber. For example, for the 12th caliber, the mass of numerous types of bullets is approximately 28-35 g. Brands of existing hunting powders and the strength of smoothbore guns provide the maximum muzzle velocity of the 12th caliber bullet for the traditional cartridge design, approximately 380-440 m / s. Those. the average muzzle kinetic energy of a 12-gauge bullet is approximately 2700 J. However, the destruction of large animals by a shot of such a cartridge is not effective enough, since the presence of only one bullet in the cartridge creates a limited stopping effect in the body of a large animal (stopping them in place with one shot ) when it enters the muscles of large animals, with rupture of nerve endings and causing pain shock.

The objective of the invention is to create a two-bullet cartridge design for smoothbore guns with increased efficiency in defeating large animals.

EFFECT: muzzle kinetic energy of a shot is not less than that of a cartridge known by the prototype, and the mass of a two-bullet projectile is not less than 1.8 times the mass of an arrow-shaped bullet of a cartridge known by the prototype.

The problem is solved in that the two-bullet cartridge for smooth-bore guns contains a sleeve, an igniter capsule, a powder charge, an obturator, a swept bullet, according to the invention, an additional part of the propellant charge is separated from the main propellant charge by a diaphragm with a hole, and between the swept bullet and the second swept bullet is located by the muzzle of the sleeve;

in addition, both arrow-shaped bullets have the same design, shape and geometric dimensions;

in addition, similar components of both arrow-shaped bullets are made of the same materials;

in addition, swept bullets are made of metal;

in addition, swept bullets are made of metal and equipped with covering centering detachable elements made of plastic;

in addition, Ivanov's bullet, or Rubeykin's bullet, or Blondo's bullet was used as arrow-shaped bullets.

The drawing shows a General view of the claimed two-bullet cartridge in the context. The cartridge consists of: a sleeve 1, an igniter capsule 2, a powder charge 3, an additional part of the propellant charge 4, a diaphragm with a hole 5, a shutter 6, a swept bullet 7 with covering centering separating elements 8, a swept bullet 9 with covering centering separating elements 10.

The cartridge works as follows: from the strike of a shotgun, the igniter capsule of the cartridge 2 fires and the propellant 3 lights up. The pressure of the powder gases, which are released from the combustion of the propellant, starts to increase. The peak values of this pressure of the powder gases, despite the absence of a cushioning element - wood-fiber wad in the cartridge - decrease due to the cushioning effect (compression) of the additional part of the powder charge 4, separated from the main powder charge by a diaphragm with a hole 5. In addition, after some time when the assembly: the diaphragm with the hole 5, the additional part of the propellant charge 4, the obturator 6, the swept bullet 7 and the swept bullet 8 acquired a certain speed, an additional hour lights up There is a propellant charge. The burning of an additional part of the pore charge 4, the mass of which is selected experimentally, no longer causes an increase in the maximum pressure level of the powder gases, because the swept bullets 7 and 8 are already moving at a fairly high speed and the volume behind the bullet space in the barrel increases sharply. When passing the muzzle constriction of the gun barrel and the flight of the arrow-shaped bullet 7 and the arrow-shaped bullet 8 in the air, the centering separating elements 8 and 9, as well as the obturator 6 are separated from them, and each of the two bullets due to the mandatory presence of different perturbations for each bullet from the incident flow air flies along its ballistic trajectory. As the bullets move away from the muzzle of the gun during flight in the air, the bullets diverge from each other a sufficient distance so that when a large animal enters the body, create two independent wound channels thereby stopping the action increased when compared to the prototype cartridge when large animals are hit by the muscles, with a rupture of nerve endings and causing pain shock.

To confirm the operability of the proposed cartridge design, an experimental batch of 12/76 caliber cartridges was assembled, in which all the proposed structural solutions were used. As swept bullets for a two-bullet shell, Ivanov’s hunting swept bullet, known by the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2349869, was used. The total mass of the Ivanov bullet is 31.3 g (the mass of the metal part is 29.3 g, the mass of the plastic part is 2.0 g). The mass of a two-bullet shell from two bullets of Ivanov was 62.6 g. The maximum diameter of the metal part of the bullet of Ivanov was 16 mm. The cartridges were equipped with 12/76 caliber Nobel Sport capsule plastic caps with the following loading conditions: mass of the powder charge 0.9 g (gunpowder Sunar 42), mass of the additional part of the powder charge 0.9 g (gunpowder Sunar 42). An additional part of the propellant charge is separated from the main propellant charge by a cardboard diaphragm with a central hole of diameter 1, 8 mm. The outer diameter of the diaphragm is 19 mm and the thickness of the diaphragm is 1.5 mm. The total mass of the powder charge was 1.8 g. Igniter capsule No. 688. Cartridge shells were sealed by rolling.

As a result of the firing of 10 pieces of cartridges from an MP-153 self-loading rifle with measuring the muzzle velocity of a two-bullet projectile consisting of two Ivanov bullets, an average speed of 310 m / s was obtained at a distance of one meter from the muzzle section. Those. the average muzzle kinetic energy of a two-bullet projectile with a total mass of 62.6 g was 3000 J. This value is higher than the average value of the muzzle kinetic energy of a bullet cartridge known by the prototype. It is important to note that only the use of a divided charge made it possible to remove the wood-fiber wad from the cartridge without increasing the maximum pressure of the powder gases, thereby freeing the internal volume of the sleeve to accommodate the second bullet in the cartridge. In addition, the existing gunpowder is not designed to equip hunting cartridges of 12 caliber with a projectile weight of 62 g. For example, the slowest burning gunpowder for cartridges of 12 caliber Sunar 42 with a weight of approximately 2.1 g can be used for a traditional cartridge of 12 caliber only for the mass of the projectile 42 g, but not as for the mass of 62 g. It was the use of the divided charge that made it possible to use the proposed powder of the cartridge Sunar 42 with a relatively high weight of 1.8 g.

To determine the distance between the trajectories of the flight of Ivanov’s bullets in the air in one shot, it was determined by firing from an MP-153 self-loading hunting rifle at a paper target from a distance of 20 m. In total, ten shots were fired. The distance in mm between the centers of the holes in each of the ten shots is as follows: 145; 35; 126; 76; 17.157; 38; 54; 171; 24. The average discrepancy in the trajectories of each of the two bullets in one shot was 78 mm. The minimum discrepancy between the trajectories of bullets is 17 mm. The maximum divergence of the trajectories of bullets is 171 mm. Since the maximum diameter of the metal part of the Ivanov bullet is 16 mm, a certain minimum discrepancy of the paths of 17 mm indicates that the paths of the bullet at a distance of 20 m from the muzzle end were completely divided. Even with a minimum discrepancy in the trajectories of bullets upon impact into the body of a large animal, two seemingly independent wound channels will form. And the average divergence of bullet trajectories of 78 mm is optimal for effective destruction of a large animal at a distance of 20 m.

It is important to note that the proposed design of a two-bullet cartridge for smooth-bore guns is a dual-use product and can be used for the production of bullet cartridges for hunting large animals, and for the production of special cartridges for the needs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. For example, to increase the armor penetration of the proposed cartridges for the needs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, steel of the grade “Art. U12A according to GOST 1435-99. ”

Accuracy DP.

28 of October. Shooting from Frankot at 20 m.

With two bullets Ivanov. The distance between the centers of the holes in mm.

1.145 mm

2. 35

3. 126

4. 76

5.17

6.157

7.11

8. 38

9.54

10.17

11.24

The average distance between the holes of 11 shots is 78 mm.

Claims (6)

1. Two-bullet cartridge for smoothbore guns, containing a sleeve, an igniter capsule, a powder charge, an obturator, an arrow-shaped bullet, characterized in that an additional part of the propellant charge is located in the sleeve, separated from the main propellant charge by a diaphragm with a hole, and between the arrow-shaped bullet and the muzzle the second arrow-shaped bullet is located by the cut of the sleeve. 2. Cartridge for smooth-bore guns according to claim 1, characterized in that both arrow-shaped bullets have the same design, shape and geometric dimensions. 3. Cartridge for smoothbore guns according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the similar components of both arrow-shaped bullets are made of the same materials. 4. The cartridge for smoothbore guns according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrow-shaped bullets are made of metal. 5. Cartridge for smooth-bore guns according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrow-shaped bullets are made of metal and equipped with covering centering detachable elements made of plastic. 6. Cartridge for smooth-bore guns according to claim 1, characterized in that as the arrow-shaped bullets used Ivanov bullet, or Rubeykin bullet, or Blondo bullet.

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