RU2610748C1 - Technological complex for decontamination of reservoirs after propellant fuel drainage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for decontamination of facilities for storage and transportation from remains of toxic fluids, in particular, from propellant fuel. Technological complex installed on a vehicle comprises a system (1) for removal of propellant fuel remains, comprising an accumulating tank (14) and a self-priming pump (15), a heated water reservoir (2) with a dosing pump (3), tanks (4) and (5) with process fluids and a dosing pump (6). Dosing pumps (3, 6) and a flushing plant (7) are connected to a neutralized reservoir (19). The gas space of the reservoir (19) communicates with a filter-absorber of propellant fuel vapors (9) and a system (11) for drying of the inner surface of the reservoir (19). A compressor (10) by a pipeline (47) communicates with a cleaning pipe (18) of the reservoir (19). The discharge nozzle of the dosing pump (3) is connected to an auxiliary tank (39) of the plant (7). Power is supplied to the complex from an AC generator via a power takeoff device of a motor.

EFFECT: invention increases efficiency and minimizes labor and time inputs for reservoir decontamination.

2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to devices for the disposal of means of storage and transportation from residues of toxic liquids, in particular from rocket fuel, and can be used at objects of storage and transportation of rocket fuel, as well as in automated control systems (ACS) for the processes of disposal of means of storage.

A set of measures to prevent the harmful effects of rocket fuels on personnel, equipment and the environment is commonly called "neutralization" (Handbook of military terms. - M .: Military Publishing House. Compiled by A.M. Plekhov, SG Shapkin. 1988).

Missile fuels (heptyl, samin and single-component fuels) are toxic substances in both liquid and gaseous states. In this regard, after the discharge of rocket fuel from the tank, its inner surface and the minimum “non-leaking” residue must be neutralized. Concentrated rocket fuels are fire and explosion hazard. In this regard, before carrying out their disposal it is recommended to reduce the concentration of the minimum remaining rocket fuel in the tank by diluting it with water.

Known technical means for disinfection, made on a car chassis. The technical tool contains working equipment for degassing, decontamination and disinfection, and includes a container for liquid solutions, a pump, a piping system, cylinders for liquid solutions, connected by pipelines with a compressor to fill them with compressed air pre-filled with solutions. The pump and compressor are equipped with hydraulic actuators from a high pressure pump connected to the car’s power take-off (RU П No. 48429 U1, IPC G21F 9/00, A61L 2/00, 2005).

The disadvantages of this technical means are:

- increased fire and explosion hazard of the neutralization process without first reducing the concentration of the remainder of the rocket fuel;

- impact on maintenance personnel and the environment of rocket fuel vapors released from the tank during the neutralization process.

The closest to the claimed invention by technical essence and taken as a prototype is a washing-neutralizing machine containing a water boiler for storing, heating and transporting water, a tank for preparing a process solution, a centrifugal pump driven by an engine power take-off box for feeding water and technological solution into a neutralizable tank, a piping system with shutoff valves, which ensures the performance of technological operations. The neutralization of tanks from under the rocket fuel is carried out by completely filling the technological solution into the tank. When performing work in cold weather, the water in the boiler is heated to the required temperature. Drying of the tank to complete removal of moisture is carried out by natural ventilation for several hours to several days, depending on weather conditions (advertising brochure "Machine washing and neutralization 8T311D of JSC" Pozhtehnika ", Torzhok, Tver region, site from 11/07/2015 g . www.pozhtehnika.ru - prototype).

The disadvantages of this washing-neutralizing machine are:

- the lack of the ability to remove the “indelible” residue of rocket fuel with its own equipment requires either the use of additional devices or an increase in the flow of water and technological solution;

- the lack of the possibility of a metered supply of water and technological solution to the neutralized tank leads to a sharp increase in the temperature of the rocket fuel solution in the tank and uncontrolled emission of rocket fuel vapor into the atmosphere;

- the use of only one technological solution does not provide complete neutralization of rocket fuel;

- significant time spent on drying the inner surface of the tank.

The technical result of the invention is improving the efficiency and quality of disposal of the inner surface of the tanks after the discharge of rocket fuel.

This technical result is achieved in that the technological complex for the neutralization of tanks after the discharge of rocket fuel, containing a heated water tank mounted on the vehicle, a pump driven by a vehicle engine power take-off, connected by a suction pipe to the drain pipe of the water tank, and a discharge pipe through individual shut-off valves - to the filler pipe of the water tank and to the pipeline for supplying water to the neutralized tank, tanks with technolo according to the invention further comprises a system for removing the “non-leaking” rocket fuel residue, consisting of a storage tank and a self-priming pump, the suction pipe of which is connected by a pipe to the stripping pipe of the neutralized tank, and the pressure head with a storage tank and an additionally introduced container for the collection of neutralization products, a pump for the dosed supply of technological solutions, a suction pa the tubes of which are connected between the shut-off valves to the pipeline connecting the tanks to the technological solutions, and the discharge pipe - through an individual shut-off valve to the discharge and filling pipe of the neutralized tank, a compressor for mixing the aqueous rocket fuel solution, connected by an individual pipe to the clean-up pipe of the neutralized tank, installation for washing the inner surface of the tank after removing neutralization products from it, consisting of an auxiliary water tank s and a high-pressure pump, the pressure pipe of which is connected by an individual pipeline with a shut-off valve to a neutralized tank, the gas space of which is indicated by individual pipelines with an additional filter-absorber of rocket fuel vapor and, through a non-return valve, with a drying system for the internal surface of the liquidated tank, while the pressure pipe the water supply pump is additionally connected to the auxiliary tank of the unit for flushing the tank, and the electric motor The spruce of all the pumps of the technological complex are connected to the power take-off of the vehicle engine through an alternator.

In FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the technological complex for the neutralization of tanks after the discharge of rocket fuel;

FIG. 2 - the front panel of the control unit sequence of operations of the disposal.

The technological complex for the neutralization of tanks after the discharge of rocket fuel contains a system 1 for removing the remainder of the rocket fuel from the neutralized tanks, a heated water tank 2 with a metering pump 3, tanks 4 and 5 for technological solutions with a metering pump 6, a unit 7 for washing the inner surface of the tank with a high-pressure pump 8, a filter-absorber of vapor 9 of rocket fuel, a compressor 10 for mixing the solution in a neutralized tank, a system 11 for drying the inner surface of the reservoir Varus, the collection container 12 neutralization products, electronic control unit 13 controls the temperature of the solution in the tank and a control unit performing a sequence of operations of neutralization, the front panel is shown in FIG. 2.

For the neutralization of rocket fuels, various technological solutions are used. So, to neutralize the rocket fuel heptyl, a 20% aqueous solution of formalin and a 20% aqueous solution of acetic acid are used. A 1% aqueous ammonia solution (pH = 7-8) of methanitrobenzoic acid (MNBK) is used to neutralize rocket fuels of Samin and single-component fuels.

The system 1 for removing residual rocket fuel consists of a storage tank 14 for residual rocket fuel and a self-priming pump 15, the suction pipe of which (without position) is connected by a pipe 16 through a shut-off valve 17 to the cleaning pipe 18 of the neutralized tank 19. The pressure pipe (without position) of a self-priming pump 15 through the shut-off valve 20 is connected with the storage tank 14, and through the shut-off valve 21 - with a capacity 12 of the collection of neutralization products. The pipeline 16 is connected to the cleaning pipe 18 of the tank 19 using a special sleeve for rocket fuel (section aa).

The storage tank 14 with a volume of at least 0.2 m ³ is equipped with a level gauge 22 and a limit level sensor 23 connected to the control unit for the sequence of neutralization operations. A self-priming cleaning electric pump 15 (plunger or diaphragm) with a pumping capacity of 15-20 dm ³ / min and a vacuum gauge suction height of at least 5 m is used to remove the “non-leaking” residue of rocket fuel from the neutralized tank 19. An electric motor in an explosion-proof version with a capacity of 1 kW

The metering pump 3 for water with a suction pipe is connected to the drain pipe (without position) of the water tank 2, and the discharge pipe is connected to the filling pipe of the tank 2. The drain and filling pipes of the tank 2 are equipped with individual shut-off valves 24 and 25. The metering pump 3 is pressure the pipe is connected to the neutralized tank 19 by a pipe 26 through a shut-off valve 27. The pipe 26 in section b-b is connected to the discharge and loading pipe 28 of the tank 19 using a special sleeve (section b-b). The water tank 2 with a volume of at least 2 m ³ is equipped with thermoelectric heaters 29, a water level indicator 30, a limit water level sensor 31 and a water temperature sensor 32. The water level indicator 30 and sensors 31 and 32 are connected to the control unit for the sequence of neutralization operations.

To ensure a metered supply of water to the neutralized tank 19 from the tank 2, a metering pump with a capacity of 10-100 dm ³ / min with a drive from an electric motor with a capacity of not more than 1 kW is used. Alternatively, a metering pump of the brand NDEM (NDHEM) is used.

For the dosed supply of technological solutions from tanks 4 and 5 to the tank 19, a metering pump 6 is used with a feed of 1-5 dm ³ / min, which is connected to tanks 4 and 5 through shut-off valves 33 and 34, and to the tank 19 through a shut-off valve valve 36, pipeline 35 and a special sleeve (section b-c in Fig. 1). Alternatively, a metering pump of the brand NDEM (NDHEM) is used.

Tank 4 with a volume of 0.3 m ³ used for a 20% aqueous formalin solution is provided with a level indicator 37, and tank 5 with a volume of 0.15 m ³ used for a 20% aqueous solution of formalin is equipped with a level indicator 38.

Installation 7 for washing the inner surface of the neutralized tank consists of an auxiliary tank 39 for water with a volume of not more than 50 dm ³ and a high-pressure pump 8, the discharge pipe of which is connected through a shut-off valve 40 and an individual pipe 41 to the device 42 for washing the inner surface of the neutralized tank 19. B Installation 7 for flushing the inner surface of the neutralized tank uses a high-pressure pump with a capacity of 0.36-0.75 m ³ / h and a pressure of 3.3-17 MPa. The device 42 for washing is made in the form of a spray head with holes. To replenish the auxiliary tank 39 with water, it is connected by a pipe 43 through a shut-off valve 44 to the pressure port of the metering pump 3 for water. The device 42 is lowered into the tank 19 through one of the nozzles on the lids of the tank.

The filter-absorber of vapor 9 of the rocket fuel is connected to the gas space of the neutralized tank 19 by an individual pipe 45 through the shut-off valve 46. To absorb the vapor of the rocket fuel, a catalytic filter-absorber of the vapor of rocket fuel AKV-3 (ЩКЗ-3) is used. The mass fraction of the main fraction is at least 80%, the specific surface is at least 150 m ² / g, bulk density is 0.7-0.9 g / cm ² . Individual pipe 45 is connected to one of the free nozzles on the lids of the tank 19.

The compressor 10 for mixing the rocket fuel solution is connected to the neutralized tank 19 by an individual pipe 47 through a shut-off valve 48. The individual pipe 47 is connected to the cleaning pipe 18 of the tank 19 using a special sleeve (section g-g).

The system 11 for drying the inner surface of the decontaminated tank consists of an air heater 49 equipped with a check valve 50, an individual air duct 51 and an air temperature sensor 52 connected to the control unit for the sequence of decontamination operations. An individual air line 51 is connected to one of the free nozzles on the caps of the neutralized tank 19.

A container 12 for collecting neutralization products with a volume of at least 1 m ^{3 is} connected to a self-priming pump 15 of the system 1 for removing residual rocket fuel and is equipped with a level indicator 53 and a limit level sensor 54.

All tanks and tanks have nozzles with shut-off valves (without positions) in the lower part for complete emptying.

The electronic unit 13 for monitoring the temperature of the solution in the decontaminated tank 19 is connected to the temperature sensor 55 of the solution located inside the tank 19 and to the control unit for the sequence of operations for decontamination.

The control unit for the sequence of neutralization operations is located in an individual compartment, connected to all functional systems of the technological complex and allows you to control the sequence and modes of performing technological operations. On the front panel of the control unit for the sequence of neutralization operations (Fig. 2) there is a digital display unit of operating parameters (zone A), a light indication block of the position of the shut-off valves (zone B), a block for monitoring the temperature of the solution in the neutralized tank 19 (zone B), a block -sensor of parameters and modes of water supply, technological solutions and drying (zone D), a switch of the program mechanism (zone D) and a control unit power supply (zone E).

The program sequence of technological operations for the disposal of tanks after the discharge of rocket fuel is shown in the table.

The technological complex has special sleeves for rocket fuel (sections a-a, b-b, c-c, g-d) for connecting the technological complex to the neutralized tank 19.

All pipelines of the technological complex are equipped with electromagnetic shut-off valves connected to the control unit for the sequence of neutralization operations. All the technological equipment of the complex assembly is located on the chassis of the KamAZ-53501 automobile with a lifting capacity of not more than 10300 kg.

Energy supply of the technological complex is carried out from a 3-phase alternating current generator with a capacity of at least 12 kW driven by a base chassis engine through a power take-off.

From the practice of operating tanks with a volume of 60 m ³ intended for storing rocket fuel, it is known that after the fuel is drained by a centrifugal pump, the so-called “non-leaking” residue remains, the amount of which is 600-900 dm ³ . In order to reduce the amount of neutralized fuel residue, the technological complex includes a system 1 for removing residual rocket fuel, which allows to reduce this residue by 8-10 times and thereby reduce the time of neutralization, water consumption and technological solutions.

From studies on the disposal of rocket fuel heptyl it follows that 1 dm ³ heptyl requires 5-6 dm ³ water, 1.30-1.35 dm ³ 20% formalin solution, 0.40-0.45 dm ³ 20% solution acetic acid.

The final products of the neutralization of rocket fuel heptyl are low-volatile and moderately toxic glyoxal bis-dimethylhydrazone and polymer mass, which are destroyed on specially equipped sites.

Thus, the combination of distinctive features, namely the additional introduction of pump 6 for the dosed supply of technological solutions, a system for removing residual rocket fuel, a filter-absorber for vapor of rocket fuel, a compressor for mixing the solution, a flushing unit, and a drying system, has reduced the consumption of water and technological solutions , eliminate the emission of rocket fuel vapor into the atmosphere and reduce labor costs and time for the neutralization process.

The technological complex operates as follows.

Before starting work on the disposal of tanks after the discharge of rocket fuel, the technological complex is being prepared for work:

- fill the tank 2 with water (through the neck);

- fill tank 4 with a 20% aqueous formalin solution (through the neck);

- fill tank 5 with a 20% aqueous solution of acetic acid (through the neck).

At negative air temperatures turn on the alternator, turn on the thermoelectric heaters 29 in the tank 2 and heat the water to a temperature of 20-30 ° C. The water temperature is recorded by the sensor 32 and displayed on the control unit panel (zone A in Fig. 2). Mixing the water in the tank 2 during its heating is carried out by the metering pump 3 with the shut-off valves 24 and 25 open.

The car, which hosts the technological complex, drives up to the neutralized tank. Using special sleeves for rocket fuel (sections a-a, b-b, c-c, g-d) and individual pipelines, the technological complex is connected to the neutralized tank 19. The temperature sensor 55 is lowered into the tank.

Next, on the front panel of the control unit (Fig. 2), turn on the power (zone E), set the program control switch (zone D) to position I - remove the “non-leaking” residue of the rocket fuel by the pump 15 (table operation No. 1) and press the “ start-up ”(zone D). After removing the “indelible” residue of rocket fuel, the amount remaining (digital indication in zone A in Fig. 2) is determined, which must be neutralized directly in the tank.

The amount of remaining rocket fuel determines the required amount of water and technological solutions (formalin and acetic acid) for neutralization.

Next, perform operation No. 2 (dosed supply of water to the tank 19 with a metering pump 3 and mixing the aqueous solution of rocket fuel in the tank 19 with air from the compressor 10). To do this, on the front panel of the control unit (zone G) set the mode of water supply (dose and temperature of water) and the time of mixing the solution with air, the program control switch is set to position II and press the "start" button (zone D).

After performing operations No. 2, operation No. 3 is performed (dosed supply of formalin and mixing of the solution in the tank 19). To do this, set the formalin solution supply mode and the mixing mode (zone D), set the program control switch to position III and press the "start" button (zone D).

After performing operation No. 3, similar actions are performed when performing operation No. 4 (dosed supply of acetic acid solution and stirring the solution).

When the temperature of the solution in the tank 19 is higher than 35 ° C during the supply of formalin and acetic acid solutions, the red indicator lights up on the front panel of the control unit (zone B). In this case, using the button (zone B), the dose of formalin and acetic acid solutions is reduced by the metering pump 6.

After draining the products of neutralization from the tank 19 (operation No. 5), a washing device 42 is installed in it and operation No. 6 is turned on. The inner surface is washed and water is drained from the tank 19 to the ground or to the technical sewer using a self-priming pump 15 through a shut-off valve 57 (operation No. 6). Then open one of the nozzles on any lid of the tank 19 and turn on the system 11 for drying the inner surface of the tank (operation No. 7). After completion of all operations for the neutralization of the tank 19, the remaining technological solutions are used to neutralize the next tank. During a long break in work, water from tank 2 is poured onto the ground, and technological solutions are transferred to special containers (not shown). Substandard rocket fuel from the storage tank 14 is poured into a special container (not shown). The products of neutralization from the tank 12 are poured into a special tank (not shown) and taken out for destruction.

The technological complex allows to increase the efficiency and quality of disposal of the inner surface of the tank after the discharge of rocket fuel.

Claims (1)

Technological complex for decontamination of tanks after discharging rocket fuel, containing a heated water tank mounted on a vehicle, a pump driven by a vehicle engine power take-off, connected by a suction pipe to the drain pipe of the water tank, and a discharge pipe through individual shut-off valves to the filling a pipe for the water tank and to the pipeline for supplying water to the neutralized tank, tanks with technological solutions, the drain pipes of which knitted together by a pipeline with shut-off valves, characterized in that it further comprises a system for removing “non-leaking” rocket fuel residue, consisting of a storage tank and a self-priming pump, the suction pipe of which is connected by a pipe to the stripping pipe of the neutralized tank, and the pressure pipe is connected to the storage tank and an additionally introduced capacity for collecting the products of neutralization, a pump for the dosed supply of technological solutions, the suction pipe of which is connected between the locking valves by us to the pipeline connecting the tanks to the technological solutions, and the discharge pipe through an individual shut-off valve to the discharge pipe of the neutralized tank, a compressor for mixing the aqueous solution of rocket fuel, connected by an individual pipe to the clean pipe of the neutralized tank, a unit for washing the inner surface of the tank after removal of neutralization products from it, consisting of an auxiliary tank for water and a high-pressure pump; an individual pipeline with a shut-off valve is connected to a neutralized tank, the gas space of which is communicated by individual pipelines with an additional filter-absorber of rocket fuel vapor and through a non-return valve - with a drying system for the internal surface of the neutralized tank, while the pressure port of the water supply pump is additionally connected to the auxiliary tank installation for flushing the tank, and the electric motors of all pumps of the technological complex under connected to the vehicle engine power take-off via an alternator.

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