RU2594279C1 - System for heat and power supply to dwelling houses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering and can be applied to heat and power supply to dwelling houses. Technical result is achieved by fact that heat and power supply system includes housing wherein burner device and pipe are arranged to discharge waste gases into water boiler, wherein water temperature sensor is set, applying signal to control unit in order to start micro gas-turbine cogeneration plant, gas distributor device, which, depending on ambient temperature, directs exhaust gases either to atmosphere, or for heating house via channels of interior walls that is equipped with temperature sensor. Simultaneously, electric generator generates electric energy to charge storage batteries, wherein control unit starts micro gas-turbine plant for their charging. Inverter connected to batteries supplies all electric load in house.

EFFECT: objective of present invention is improvement of heat and power supply efficiency in small objects, and thereby reducing hazardous emissions into environment.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a power system and can be used in household appliances, in particular in the technique of local heat and power supply of residential buildings.

Known electrical heating station containing a diesel power plant, a waste heat boiler and an electric generator driven by a diesel engine (SU, copyright certificate 1760147 of 05/27/2013). During the operation of the electric heating station, fuel is burned in the cylinders of the diesel engine and in the furnace of the recovery boiler, where the exhaust gases of the diesel engine are supplied, and electric energy is generated from the electric generator driven by the diesel engine and thermal energy from the recovery boiler, the amount of fuel burned in the recovery boiler regulate in the ranges of relative electrical and thermal loads of 0.2-1.0 and 0.4-1.0, respectively.

A disadvantage of the known electrothermal power station should be recognized as its low efficiency, the need for the supply of liquid fuel for a diesel power plant, as well as its stationarity.

A heat generator is known, comprising a housing in which a furnace device with a pipe for exhaust gas is placed, integrated in a water cooling casing and including a ceramic burner connected to a gas pipeline with shut-off and control valves, a fan with air intake and supply pipes, an ignition device and a heat exchanger, connected by a pipeline to a water cooling casing and through a circulation pump and a three-position valve with a heating system and / or a hot water boiler, block fan board, shut-off control valves, circulating pump and three-way valve (patent RU 2035667 of 20.05.1995). In addition, the device further comprises a heat exchanger-recuperator, thermionic converters including emitters, collectors, heat pipes and a common cooling system, as well as an inverter included in the power supply system, while the heat exchanger-recuperator is placed in an exhaust gas medium between ceramic burners and a heat exchanger with the possibility of heating the air after the fan, heat pipes are installed in the upper part of the combustion device and interact with the collectors and the cooling system, the latter Braz with heat exchanger, water jacket cooling, heating and / or hot water boiler system of a single heating medium circuit, wherein the ceramic burner are designed as infrared burners, and their emitters are arranged in the radiation zone and switched together with collectors to the inverter.

A disadvantage of the known device should be recognized as the complexity of the design, as well as its stationarity.

Closest to the claimed one is a heat generator comprising a housing in which a furnace device with a pipe for exhaust gas is placed, integrated in a cooling casing and including a ceramic burner connected to a gas pipeline with shut-off and control valves, a fan with intake and air supply nozzles, an incendiary device and a heat exchanger connected by a pipeline to the cooling casing and through a circulation pump and a three-position valve with a heating system and (or) a hot water boiler It is proposed to additionally supply a supply unit, a fan control unit, shut-off and control valves, a circulation valve and a three-position valve, with a heat exchanger-recuperator, thermionic converters, including emitters, collectors, heat pipes and a common cooling system, as well as an inverter included in the power supply system, while the heat exchanger-recuperator is placed in the environment of the exhaust gases between the ceramic burners and the heat exchanger with the possibility of heating the air after the fan, heat New pipes are installed in the upper part of the combustion device and interact with the collectors and the cooling system, the latter forms with the heat exchanger, cooling water jacket, heating system and (or) the boiler of the hot water supply system a single coolant circulation loop, the emitters being located in the radiation zone of ceramic burners and together with collectors connected to the inverter (patent RU 2035667 from 05.20.1995). In a thermoelectric generator, emitters of thermionic converters can be in the form of an ellipse or a cylinder.

The disadvantage of the system adopted for the prototype is the multi-stage heat transfer: boiler, coolant, heating appliances, air, building walls, as well as a low level of harmful emissions.

The task of the invention is to increase the efficiency of heat and power supply of small objects and reduce the level of harmful emissions into the environment.

The technical result consists in the use of a microgas turbine cogeneration unit as a heat generator, with direct use of the walls of a residential building as a “Russian stove” as a heat exchanger, as well as from all thermal fuel systems, the lowest level of harmful emissions is found in gas turbine units.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the heat and power supply system of residential buildings, comprising a housing in which a furnace device and a pipe for removing exhaust gases into a water boiler are located, on which a water temperature sensor is located, provides a signal to the control unit to start the micro-gas turbine cogeneration unit at lowering the water temperature to a lower level and to stop it when the upper limit of the water temperature is reached, gas distribution device, which, depending on the external temperature, It supplies the exhaust gases through a bypass gas duct and a chimney to the atmosphere, or for heating a house where an internal heat wall with gas ducts evenly heats the wall of a residential building with an air temperature sensor, which sends a signal to the control unit to start the micro-gas turbine cogeneration unit when the lower temperature level or to stop it when the temperature reaches the upper limit, at the same time, the generator generates electricity, charging the battery rechargeable batteries, where when the lower level of charge is reached, the control unit starts the micro-gas-turbine cogeneration unit to recharge them, and when the upper limit is reached, the control unit stops it, the inverter connected to the batteries feeds the entire electrical load of the house, while the start of the micro-gas-turbine cogeneration unit is carried out from signal of the first sensor turned on, and stop after turning off the last sensor.

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the General scheme of heat and power supply of a residential building.

The heat and power supply system of residential buildings with a heat generator with a building 1 includes: an electric generator 2, a combustion device 3, an exhaust gas pipe 4, which enter the water boiler 5, which has a water temperature sensor 6 connected to the control unit 7, then the exhaust gases enter the gas distribution device 8, and from there either into the bypass gas duct 9, and then into the chimney 10, or into the heat wall 11 with gas ducts 12 having an air temperature sensor 13 connected to the control unit 7, and also into the chimney 10, the electric generator charges the batteries 14, to which the inverter 15 is connected, supplying the load 16.

The operation of the heat and power supply system of residential buildings is as follows.

The heat electric generator, which is a microgas turbine cogeneration unit with a housing 1, an electric generator 2, a combustion device 3, exhausts gases at a temperature of 250-350 ° C and sends them through a discharge pipe 4 to a water boiler 5 of the hot water supply system of a residential building. A water temperature sensor 6 is placed on the water boiler 5, which sends a signal to the control unit 7 to start the micro-gas turbine cogeneration unit when the water temperature drops to a lower level and to stop it when the water reaches the upper limit. Further, the exhaust gases pass through a gas distribution device 8, where, depending on the external temperature, they are directed through a bypass gas channel 9 and a chimney 10 into the atmosphere (usually in warm weather), or into a home heating system (in colder time), which is the interior thermal wall 11, with gas ducts 12, evenly heating the exhaust gases to the wall. There is an air temperature sensor 13 in the residential building, which sends a signal to the control unit to start the microgas turbine cogeneration unit when the room reaches a lower level of air temperature and to stop it when the temperature reaches the upper limit. At the same time, the electric generator 2 of the micro-gas turbine cogeneration unit generates electricity by charging the batteries 14, which supply through the inverter 15 (or without it) all the electrical load 16 of the residential building. Upon reaching the lower charge level of the battery 14, the control unit 7 starts the micro-gas turbine cogeneration unit 1 to recharge them, and when the upper limit of the charge of the battery 14, the control unit 7 stops the micro-gas turbine cogeneration unit 1. The start of the micro-gas turbine cogeneration unit 1 is performed from the signal of the first triggered sensor, and stop after giving the signal of the last sensor.

Claims (1)

The heat and power supply system of residential buildings, comprising a housing in which a furnace device and a pipe for exhaust gas are located, characterized in that it contains a water boiler on which a water temperature sensor is located, which provides a signal to the control unit to start the micro-gas turbine cogeneration unit when lowering the water temperature to a lower level and to stop it when the upper limit of the water temperature is reached, a gas distribution device, which, depending on the external temperature, directs exhaust gases through a bypass gas duct and a chimney into the atmosphere, or for heating a house where an internal heat wall with gas ducts evenly heats the wall of a residential building with an air temperature sensor, which sends a signal to the control unit to start the micro-gas turbine cogeneration unit when the floor reaches the lower level temperature or to stop it when the temperature reaches the upper limit, at the same time the generator generates electricity, charging the battery batteries, where when the lower charge level is reached, the control unit starts the micro-gas-turbine cogeneration unit to recharge them, and when the upper limit is reached, the control unit stops it, the inverter connected to the batteries feeds the entire electrical load of the house, while the start of the micro-gas-turbine cogeneration unit is carried out from the signal the first sensor to turn on, and stop after turning off the last sensor.

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