RU2591017C1 - Multi-output indicator of most significant unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: computer engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention is used, in particular, for arbitration in information processing systems during data transmission between devices. Multi-output most significant unit indicator comprises a group of N external request inputs Z1, Z2, …, ZN (ZN input has highest priority), K stages (K is number of indicators of most significant unit) and K groups of external outputs of U indicators of most significant unit, each i-th stage (i = 1, 2, …, K) comprises a group of (N-i-1) OR elements 1_i1, 1_i2, …, 1_i(N-i-1) and a group of (N-i) AND inhibit elements with one inverting input 2_i1, 2_i2, …, 2_i(N-i), as well as a group of (N+1-i) request inputs in i-th stage A_i1, A_i2, …, A_i(N+1-i) and a group of (N+1-i) external outputs of indicators of most significant unit of i-th rank U_i1, U_i2, …, U_i(N+1-i) (1-st rank has highest priority), each of first (K-1) stages, except last K-th stage, contains also a group of (N-i) AND elements 3_i1, 3_i2, …, 3_i(N-i) and a group of (N-i) request outputs S_i1, S_i2, …, S_i(N-i) in following (i+1)-th stage.

EFFECT: broader functional capabilities of forming K indicators of most significant units in order of significance of priorities.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of computer technology and can be used for arbitration in information processing systems when organizing data transfer between devices, as well as when compressing data, for packing and unpacking data.

Priority encoders are known (J. F. Wakerley. Designing digital devices. In 2 volumes. - M .: Postmarket, 2002. - 1088 p., Pp. 440-445; Lekhin S.N. Computer circuitry. - St. Petersburg. : BHV-Petersburg, 2010. - 672 p., Pp. 213-220; Ugryumov EP Digital circuitry. - St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2000. - 528 p., P. 50-53), in which the binary code of the device number of the highest priority is formed.

Known double priority encoder (J. F. Wakerley. Designing digital devices. In 2 volumes. - M .: Postmarket, 2002. - 1088 p., Fig. 6.6, p. 561-562), containing two blocks of the priority encoder , a decoder, a group of elements AND NOT and a group of elements NOT. This device determines not only the signal with the highest priority, but also the signal "with the second highest priority."

The disadvantage of these devices is the need to convert the number code into the corresponding signal in the form of a unitary code “1 of N” accessing the device with the highest priority, for example, using a binary decoder.

The index of the older unit is known (Ugryumov EP Digital circuitry. - St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2000. - 528 s., Fig. 2.8 p. 50-54), containing a group of elements And and a group of elements of prohibition And with one inverse the entrance. This device implements a chain diagram for transmitting a polling signal by sequential polling, starting with the highest level, and terminating further polling when the first unit is detected.

The closest device of the same purpose to the claimed invention according to the totality of features is the pointer of the senior unit adopted for the prototype (Computer circuitry. Task book: study guide. M .: NRNU MEPhI, 2012. - 240 p., Fig. 53, p. 55-56), containing a group of OR elements combined in a chain and a group of AND inhibit elements with one inverse input.

The disadvantage of these devices is the determination of only one senior priority.

The technical result of the invention is the expansion of functionality in terms of the formation of K pointers of senior units in order of precedence.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the multi-output index of the highest unit contains a group of N external request inputs Z1, Z2, ..., ZN (the input ZN has the highest priority), K cascades (K is the number of generated senior unit pointers) and K groups external outputs U of the pointers of the highest unit, each i-th cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K) contains a group of (Ni-1) elements OR 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} and a group of (Ni) prohibition elements AND with one inverse input 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni)} , as well as a group of (N + 1-i) request inputs in the i-th cascade A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (N + 1-i)} and a group of (N + 1-i) external outputs of pointers of the highest unit of the i-th rank U _i1 , U _i2 , ..., U _{i (N + 1-i )} (1st rank has the highest priority), each of the first (K-1) cascades, in addition to the last K-th cascade, also contains a group of (Ni) elements And 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} and a group of (Ni) query outputs S _i1 , S _2i , ..., S _{i (Ni)} to the next (i + 1) th stage, and the external request inputs Z1, Z2, ..., ZN are connected to the corresponding request inputs of the first stage A ₁₁ , A ₁₂ , ..., A _1N , and in the first (K-1) cascades, except for the last K-th cascade, (Ni) query outputs to the next (i + 1) -th cascade S _i1 , S _i2 , ... , S _{i (Ni ) are} connected to the corresponding (Ni) inputs of the request of the next (i + 1) -th cascade A _{(i + 1) 1} , A _{(i + 1) 2} , ..., A _{(i + 1) (Ni)} , in each i- m cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K) the first (Ni) inputs A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (Ni)} from the group of request inputs, except for the last request input A _{i (N-i + 1)} , connected to the second direct inputs of the corresponding elements 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni)} from the group of prohibition elements AND with one inverse input, the outputs of all elements of the group of (Ni-1) elements OR 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1) are} connected to the first inverse inputs of the corresponding first (Ni-1) elements 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni-1)} a And with one inverse input, except for the last element 2 _{i (Ni)} , in which the first inverse input is connected to the last (N-i + 1) input A _{i (N-i + 1)} of the request group of the i-th cascade and the first input the last element 1 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of OR elements, in addition, in each i-th cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K) the second inputs (Ni-1) of elements 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of elements OR are connected to the corresponding (Ni-1) inputs A _i2 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (Ni) of the} request in the i-th channel, starting from the second input of the request, except for the last input of the request A _{i (N-i + 1)} , and the first inputs of the first (Ni-2) elements 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-2)} from the group e OR elements are connected to the outputs of the corresponding subsequent elements 1 _i2 , 1 _i3 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of OR elements, and in the first (K-1) stages, except for the last K-th stage, the second inputs (Ni) elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements And are connected to the corresponding first (Ni) inputs of the request in the i-th channel A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (Ni)} , except for the last input of the request A _{i (N-i + 1)} , the first inputs of the first (Ni-1) elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of elements And are connected to the outputs of the corresponding (Ni-1) elements 1 _i1 1 _i2, ..., 1, _{i (Ni-1)} of the OR element group, the first input of the latter about 3 _{i (Ni)} element of the group of AND gates connected to the last input request A _{i (Ni + 1)} and outputs (Ni) elements 3 _i1, 3 _i2, ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} of the group of elements In the first (K-1) cascades, except for the last K-th cascade, are a group of (Ni) query outputs S _i1 , S _i2 , ..., S _{i (Ni)} in the next (i + 1) -th cascade, in addition, in each ith cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K) the outputs (Ni) of elements 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements And are the first (Ni) external outputs from the group of external outputs pointers of the senior unit of the i-th rank U _i1 , U _i2 , ..., U _{i (Ni)} , and the last (N-i + 1) external output U _{i (N + 1-i) is} connected to the last ( N-i + 1) the input of the request to the i-th channel A _{i (N-i + 1)} .

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of the proposed multi-output pointer of the highest unit for N = 8 external inputs of the request Z1, Z2, ..., Z8 and K = 4 groups of external outputs U of the indicators of the senior unit.

In FIG. 1, the following notation is introduced:

1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} - groups of (Ni-1) elements OR of the i-th cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K);

2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni)} - groups of (Ni) prohibition elements AND with one inverse input;

3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} - groups of (Ni) elements And;

Z1, Z2, ..., Z8 - a group of N external inputs of the request (input Z8 has the highest priority);

A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (N + 1-i)} - groups of (N + 1-i) request inputs to the i-th cascade;

S _i1 , S _i2 , ..., S _{i (Ni)} - groups of (Ni) outputs of the request to the next (i + 1) th stage;

U _i1 , U _i2 , ..., U _{i (N + 1-i)} - groups of (N + 1-i) external outputs of pointers of the highest unit of the i-th rank (1st rank has the highest priority).

The multi-output pointer of the highest unit contains a group of N external request inputs Z1, Z2, ..., ZN (the input ZN has the highest priority), K cascades (K is the number of generated senior unit pointers) and K groups of external outputs U of the senior unit pointers (in FIG. 1 for N = 8 and K = 4).

Each i-th cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K) contains a group of (Ni-1) elements OR 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} and a group of (Ni) elements of prohibition AND with one inverse input 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni)} , as well as a group of (N + 1-i) request inputs in the i-th cascade A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (N + 1 -i)} and a group of (N + 1-i) external outputs of pointers of the highest unit of the i-th rank U _i1 , U _i2 , ..., U _{i (N + 1-i)} (1st rank has the highest priority).

Each of the first (K-1) cascades, in addition to the last K-th cascade, also contains a group of (Ni) elements And 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} and a group of (Ni) query outputs S _i1 , S _i2 , ..., S _{i (Ni)} in the next (i + 1) th cascade.

The external request inputs Z1, Z2, ..., ZN are connected to the corresponding request inputs of the first stage A ₁₁ , A ₁₂ , ..., A _1N , in the first (K-1) stages, except for the last K-th stage, (Ni) request outputs in the next (i + 1) th cascade S _i1 , S _i2 , ..., S _{i (Ni) are} connected to the corresponding (Ni) request inputs of the next (i + 1) th cascade A _{(i + 1) 1} , A _{(i +1) 2} , ..., A _{(i + 1) (Ni)} .

In each i-th cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K) the first (Ni) inputs A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (Ni)} from the group of request inputs, except for the last request input A _{i (N-i +1)} , are connected to the second direct inputs of the corresponding elements 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni)} from the group of prohibition elements AND with one inverse input. The outputs of all elements of the group of (Ni-1) elements OR 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1) are} connected to the first inverse inputs of the corresponding first (Ni-1) elements 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni-1)} groups of prohibition elements AND with one inverse input, except for the last element 2 _{i (Ni)} , in which the first inverse input is connected to the last (N-i + 1) input A _{i (N-i + 1) of the} group request of the i-th cascade and the first input of the last element 1 _{i (N-i + 1)} from the group of OR elements.

In addition, in each i-th cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K), the second inputs (Ni-1) of the elements 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of OR elements are connected to the corresponding (Ni-1) inputs A _i2 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (Ni) of the} request to the i-th channel, starting from the second input of the request, except for the last input of the request A _{i (N-i + 1)} , and the first inputs of the first (Ni-2) elements 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-2)} from the group of OR elements are connected to the outputs of the corresponding subsequent elements 1 _i2 , 1 _i3 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} .

In the first (K-1) stages, in addition to the last K-th stage, the second inputs (Ni) of elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements And are connected to the corresponding first (Ni) request inputs in i Channel A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (Ni)} , except for the last input of the request A _{i (N-i + 1)} . The first inputs (Ni-1) of elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of elements And are connected to the outputs of the corresponding (Ni-1) elements 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni- 1)} from the group of elements OR, and the first input of the last element 3 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements AND is connected to the last input of the request A _{i (N-i + 1)} .

The outputs (Ni) of elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements And in the first (K-1) stages, except for the last K-th stage, are a group of (Ni) outputs of the request S _i1 , S _i2 , ..., S _{i (Ni)} in the next (i + 1) th cascade.

In addition, in each i-th cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K), the outputs (Ni) of elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements And are the first (Ni) external outputs from the group external outputs of pointers of the highest unit of the i-th rank U _i1 , U _i2 , ..., U _{i (Ni)} (1st rank has the highest priority), and the last (N-i + 1) external output U _{i (N + 1- i)} connected to the last (N-i + 1) input of the request in the i-th channel A _{i (N-i + 1)} .

The principle of operation of the device is as follows.

The proposed multi-output indicator of the highest unit allows us to determine among the N inputs of the request Z not only the signal with the highest priority, but also to determine the signals with the second, third, ..., K-th priority by priority. The number of required K priority ranks determines the number of K cascades in the device. The outputs U ₁₁ , U ₁₂ , ..., U _{18 of the} pointers of the highest unit of the first stage are assigned the highest priority (rank). The outputs U _{i of the} pointers of the highest unit of the i-th cascade produce the result in the form of a unitary code “1 of N”.

The inputs of the device simultaneously receive request signals. In this case, each input of the request is assigned a fixed priority. In the device, the highest priority is assigned to the input of the request with the highest number ZN, and then the priority is reduced from number to number. The lowest priority is set at the first input of request Z1.

When several request signals arrive, the first cascade searches for the request with the highest priority - search for the highest (left) unit in the group of input requests. At the outputs U ₁₁ , U ₁₂ , ..., U _{18 of} the senior unit pointers of the first stage, the result is generated in the form of a unitary code “1 of N” - a single signal will be installed on only one output corresponding to the highest (senior) priority. The number of outputs of the pointers of the highest unit U of the first stage is equal to the number N of external inputs Z.

In the first stage, the request outputs with the “excluded” request with the highest priority are received at the request outputs S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , ..., S ₁₇ in the second stage. Moreover, in the second stage, the number of request inputs A ₁₁ , A ₁₂ , ..., A ₁₇ and the number of outputs of the U pointers are reduced by one, because if there was a request with the highest priority ZN, then it will be determined in the first stage. Further, at the outputs U ₂₁ , U ₂₂ , ..., U ₂₇ , the result is set in the unitary code “1 of N” for the second priority.

Similarly, the result is further formed in the third, fourth, ..., Kth cascades.

The proposed multi-output pointer of the senior unit works as follows.

The group of external N = 8 inputs of the request Z1, Z2, ..., Z8 of the device receives signals with the set priorities. These signals are received at the inputs of the request A ₁₁ , A ₁₂ , ..., A _{18 of the} first stage. In the first cascade at the outputs of the group of elements OR 1 ₁₁ , 1 ₁₂ , ..., 1 ₁₆ , combined in a chain, the input request code is converted to the code “00 ... 011..1”, where the left (highest) unit corresponds to the highest priority. Then, at the output of only one element of the ban AND with one inverse input 2 ₁₁ , 2 ₁₂ , ..., 2 ₁₇ , the inputs of which are given the value “01”, a single value is generated, indicating a request with the highest priority, and the remaining outputs will be set to zero value. If a request is set with the highest priority Z8, then a single value is set at the output of the senior pointer U ₁₈ . Thus, at the outputs U ₁₁ , U ₁₂ , ..., U ₁₈ , the unitary code “1 of N” will be set corresponding to the request with the highest priority.

Further, since the first inputs of the AND 3 ₁₁ , 3 ₁₂ , ..., 3 ₁₇ elements from the outputs of the OR 1 ₁₁ , 1 ₁₂ , ..., 1 ₁₈ elements receive the code “00 ... 011..1”, and the second inputs - input signals of the request Z1, Z2, ..., Z7, except for the senior request Z8, then at the outputs S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , ..., S _{17 of the} request, the requests with the “excluded” request with the highest priority will be installed in the next second stage.

Further, the request signals S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ , ..., S ₁₇ are received at the inputs of the request A ₂₁ , A ₂₂ , ..., A _{27 of the} second stage. At the outputs of the elements OR 1 ₂₁ , 1 ₂₂ , ..., 1 ₂₆ , the code "00 ... 011..1" is formed, where the left unit corresponds to the second priority. Then, the outputs U ₂₁ , U ₂₂ , ..., U ₂₇ of the inhibit elements AND with one inverse input 2 ₂₁ , 2 ₂₂ , ..., 2 ₂₆ form a unitary code “1 of N” corresponding to the second priority. At the request outputs S ₂₁ , S ₂₂ , ..., S _{26 of the} second channel, request signals with “excluded” requests of the first and second priorities will be set.

Similarly, the result is further formed in the third, fourth, ..., Kth cascades.

Thus, in the proposed device, at the outputs of the K groups of U _i1 , U _i2 , ..., U _{i (N + 1-i)} pointers of the senior unit, the signals corresponding to the priority ranks in the unitary code “1 of N” will be set.

The above information allows us to conclude that the proposed multi-output index of the senior unit has the regularity of nodes and connections and corresponds to the claimed technical result - the expansion of functionality in terms of the formation of K indexes of senior units in order of priority priority.

Claims (1)

The multi-output pointer of the highest unit contains a group of N external request inputs Z1, Z2, ..., ZN (the input ZN has the highest priority), K cascades (K is the number of generated senior unit pointers) and K groups of external outputs U of the senior unit pointers, each The i-th cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K) contains a group of (Ni-1) elements OR 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} and a group of (Ni) elements of prohibition AND with one inverse input 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni)} , as well as a group of (N + 1-i) request inputs to the i-th cascade A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (N + 1- i)} and a group of (N + 1-i) external outputs of pointers of the highest unit of the i-th rank U _i1 , U _i2 , ..., U _{i (N + 1-i)} (1st rank has the highest priority), each of the first (K-1) cascades, in addition to the last K-th cascade, also contains a group of (Ni) AND elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} and a group of (Ni) query outputs S _i1 , S _i2 , ..., S _{i (Ni)} to the next (i + 1) th stage, and the external inputs of the request Z1 , Z2, ..., ZN are connected to the corresponding request inputs of the first stage A ₁₁ , A ₁₂ , ..., A _1N , and in the first (K-1) stages, except for the last K-th stage, (Ni) request outputs in the next (i The +1) -th cascade S _i1 , S _i2 , ..., S _{i (Ni) are} connected to the corresponding (Ni) request inputs of the next (i + 1) -th cascade A _{(i + 1) 1} , A _{(i + 1) 2} , ... , A _{(i + 1) (Ni)} , in each i-th cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K) the first (Ni) inputs A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (Ni)} from the group of request inputs , except for the last input of the request A _{i (N-i + 1)} , connected to the second direct inputs of the corresponding elements 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni)} from the group of prohibition elements AND with one inverse input, the outputs of all elements of the group from (Ni-1) elements OR 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1) are} connected to the first inverse inputs of the corresponding first (Ni-1) elements 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ..., 2 _{i (Ni-1)} group of elements of prohibition and one inverted input, except the last element 2 _{i (Ni),} in which the first inverse turn is connected with the latter (Ni + 1) input A _{i (Ni + 1)} request group i-th stage and the first input of the element 1 _{i (Ni-1)} of the group of elements or, in addition, in each i cascade (i = 1, 2, ..., K) the second inputs (Ni-1) of the elements 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of elements OR are connected to the corresponding (Ni-1) inputs A _i2 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (Ni)} requests to the i-th channel, starting from the second input of the request, except for the last input of the request A _{i (N-i + 1)} , and the first inputs of the first (Ni-2) elements 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-2)} from the group of elements OR are connected to the outputs of the corresponding subsequent elements 1 _i2 , 1 _i3 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of OR elements, and in the first (K-1) cascades, in addition to the last K-th cascade, the second inputs (Ni) of elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements AND are connected to the corresponding first ( Ni) the request inputs to the i-th channel A _i1 , A _i2 , ..., A _{i (Ni)} , except for the last request input A _{i (N-i + 1)} , the first inputs of the first (Ni-1) elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of elements AND are connected to the outputs of the corresponding (Ni-1) elements 1 _i1 , 1 _i2 , ..., 1 _{i (Ni-1)} from the group of elements OR, the first input of the last element 3 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements And is connected to the last input of the request A _{i (N-i + 1)} , and the outputs (N i) elements 3 _i1 , 3 _i2 , ..., 3 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements And in the first (K-1) stages, except for the last K-th stage, are a group of (Ni) outputs of the request S _i1 , S _i2 , ..., S _{i (Ni)} to the next (i + 1) th stage, in addition, in each i-th stage (i = 1, 2, ..., K) the outputs (Ni) of the elements 2 _i1 , 2 _i2 , ... , 2 _{i (Ni)} from the group of elements And are the first (Ni) external outputs from the group of external outputs of the pointers of the highest unit of the i-th rank U _i1 , U _i2 , ..., U _{i (Ni)} , and the last (N-i + 1 ) the external output U _{i (N + 1-i) is} connected to the last (N-i + 1) input of the request to the i-th channel A _{i (N-i + 1)} .

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