RU2563865C2 - Construction of well with pressure control, operations system, and methods applied to operations with hydrocarbons, storage and production by dissolution - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to wells operation in several horizons. Device creating at least one system of pipe strings contains at least one intermediate distribution adapter sub or radial passage for fluid from the reservoir, located between the top end of multiple pipes and bottom end of multiple pipes to create fixed pipe barriers inside the casing barrier, and correspondingly passage through the underground horizon surrounding the casing. The passage surrounding the casing is separated from the reservoir flow by insulation at bottom end, as result creating the said at least one system of pipe strings, and corresponding multiple number of fixed pipe pressure barriers for the reservoir flow between the wellhead pipes system at the top end and insulation at the bottom end. The fluids in the reservoir flow through the internal passage of multiple pipes and at least one concentric intermediate passage surrounding the internal passage to at least one flow regulator or from it. The said at least one flow regulator is made with possibility to move through it, to locate alongside and upon selection transversely, with possibility to remove form the transverse position by means of round trip through the internal passage for underground switching of the multiple flows of the fluids mixture along the radius inside or outside through the radial passage of the reservoir fluid. At that switching of the fluids mixture flow is performed between at least two of: internal passage and at least one concentric intermediate passage, and surrounding passage for selective regulation, during work, and for access to at least part of the fluids mixture flow of at least one of reservoirs. At that multiple flows of the fluid mixtures are transported to area close to the reservoir or from it during multiple operations with the reservoir.

EFFECT: reduced expenses for development of reserves in oil and gas industry.

30 cl, 83 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The present invention relates, in General, to a distribution sub device and methods applicable for creating containment and regulation of pressure during the construction and / or operation of a pipe string system and during operations with hydrocarbons, storage and / or production by dissolution with at least two pipes and separated fluid passages through underground formations, for one or more essentially hydrocarbon and / or essentially water wells or storage caverns starting from one main trunk and to torye can take place in one or more subterranean zones.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Conventional methods for constructing and performing operations on multilateral wells in a zone require numerous channels and pipes connected to corresponding blocks of fountain fittings, wellhead equipment, and other equipment for injection and / or production from each well located in the zone. The cost of equipment for the construction, management and operation of these numerous wells can be extremely high, which, according to statistics, prevents the development of reserves in the oil and gas industry. In addition, obtaining optimal operation of each of these multiple wells may be a problem, since each subterranean formation has its own unique reservoir characteristics, including pressure, temperature, viscosity, permeability, and other properties that, in general, require specific and different pressure on the fitting, costs, means of intensification of inflow, etc. for total well production in the zone.

An embodiment of the present invention may include the creation of a system of pipe columns with a plurality of pipes forming a plurality of pressure barriers with at least one intermediate passage or annular space, which can be used to control pressurized underground flows of fluid mixtures that can be controlled by a pipe system columns in the passages through underground formations for one or more underground wells, which may depart from one main trunk. Important uses of this aspect include, for example, the construction and / or operation of one or more underground wells from one site on the surface, the creation of opportunities for simultaneous well activities and / or general periodic activities to be performed on multiple wells, without the need to remove established barriers, relocation of the rig, and / or re-installation of barriers necessary to control the well.

An additional embodiment of the present invention includes one or more distribution sub devices that are applicable with a pipe column system for selectively controlling the closest to the center line and at least one intermediate concentric or annular passage. The passage closest to the center line can be used to transmit flow controllers for connection at one or more receiving sockets of the pipe string system to provide, for example, the ability to selectively replace control mechanisms and / or flow paths of underground fluids under pressure.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides for the separation of fluids in a plurality of radial passages that can communicate through throttle openings in the passage closest to the center line with the outlet walls of the radial passages installed in annular or concentric passages to direct the fluid flow to the closest to the center line pass. The installation of a flow controller through the passageway closest to the center line for connection in the pipe string system creates additional control of the flow of fluid mixture between the passages of the distribution sub and the passages located radially inward or radially outward, including the passage surrounding the pipe string system, for example, to provide transferring the flow between those closest to the center line and concentric passages. This flow transfer provides selective flow control in a concentric passage using valves that can be connected to the passage closest to the center line to selectively control the pressure of one or more annular or concentric passes while maintaining access to the wells through the passage closest to the center line.

In another embodiment of the present invention, conventional flow regulators are lowered through a passageway closest to the center line for connection to a pipe string system in a receiving socket or pipes to selectively control fluid communication by diverting at least a portion of the fluid flow. An example of this embodiment includes the installation of a hydraulic motor and a fluid pump, applicable for expanding gas from an underground storage cavity to drive an impeller for pumping and pumping water for dissolving during combined operations. An additional example includes the installation of a piston with a throttle bore, which can be used with a flexible tubing for drilling on a depression.

In a related embodiment, flow controllers that connect to a pipe string system, a receiver pipe pipe system, or to a plurality of underground valves closest to the center line of the passage, can be used with one or more distribution sub-switches to selectively control pressurized fluid that can be transmitted through the nearest to the center line of the passage and / or one or more concentric passages. Flow controllers can be used, for example, to replace the traditionally unreliable annular safety valves with more reliable valves removed on the tubing or, for example, to repair the failures removed on the tubing to control the concentric passage of the underground storage in exhausted sewers or salt caverns, with a plug-in safety valve installed through the passage closest to the center line.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides the ability to divert all or part of the flow of the fluid mixture into another passage, which can be located radially inward or outward to simultaneously perform well construction, well operation and / or injection operations. The simultaneous construction of the well and / or the operation of the well provides, for example, easier implementation of one or more lateral boreholes, branching in the form of a Christmas tree, on the depression on a flexible tubing during operation of the well to reduce disturbances in the near-wellbore zone in the low-permeability reservoir, or may additionally provide for simultaneous underground storage operations and dissolution mining operations, thereby eliminating the usual requirement of multiple Drilling rig operations and / or high risk of pressurized operations to lift the dewatering column from the gas storage cavity.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides selective control of the entry during the construction of a well of fluid mixtures of gases, liquids and / or solids into the passage zone through the underground formations when the underground fluids are removed from the underground formations under pressure using hydrostatic pressures for repression or depression, for example, during the treatment of the formation to intensify the flow of fracturing with proppant, the installation of gravel filters and simultaneous operations of underground storage and production of dissolution m

In yet another embodiment, the present invention provides a throttle bore piston device that can couple to a distribution sub, and through which cables or pipes can pass during, for example, perforation or depression operations. The differential pressure applied to the ends of the piston during simultaneous well construction, injection and / or production operations, including, for example, pressure testing using a cable passing through a piston with a throttle bore, may contribute to connecting, installing and / or removing the piston. to measure the level of the interface between gas and liquid below the shoe of the last casing string with cementing the underground storage cavity.

Another embodiment of the present invention includes the ability to connect fluid flows and / or separate selected fluid flows by an adapted connecting chamber. The fluid stream from the pipes of the outlet channels may be connected through the chamber or directed into intermediate concentric passages located radially inward or outward of the chamber. The channel selector can be used to create a fluid communication and / or transmit flow controllers through the passage closest to the center line and the connecting chamber for selectively controlling one or more wells below one main wellbore.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides adapted connecting chambers applicable in a single well passage with multiple flows, wherein the closest passage channel exit channel to the axial line can be axially aligned with the chamber passage closest to the axial line and the pipes axially from above. At least one outlet pipe may include a radial passage, which can be used with a channel selector, fluid diverter, dual packer, or other flow regulator to create fluid communication between the passage closest to the center line and the surrounding passage or other concentric intermediate passage.

Another embodiment of the present invention includes a shortened distribution sub with a plurality of radial passages for communicating from a passage closest to the center line with a passage surrounding the pipe string system or a radial outer concentric passage using radially arranged small diameter pipes, so that the flow through one or several intermediate concentric passages effectively pass around and past the round shapes of small diameter pipes. In this embodiment, a shortened conventional flow regulator can be used to selectively control the flow passing through the connections of the throttle openings to the passage closest to the center line, for example, to provide smooth axial control of the placement of fresh production water by dissolution during salt dissolution and / or during storage.

An embodiment of the present invention includes methods for selectively controlling pressures, volumes, and temperatures of fluids that may be stored and removed from storage space. Examples of such methods include controlled pressurization of the storage cavity using water or brine during gas recovery to minimize the decrease in temperature caused by the extraction of compressed storage gas with its expansion, thereby creating a longer extraction period before reaching the minimum operating temperature for the corresponding downhole equipment.

Other embodiments of the present invention include methods for selectively adjusting a substantially water interface during extraction by dissolution and / or during refilling of the cavity to recover storage fluid. These methods of selective regulation affect the shape of the walls of the cavity with the aim, when using, of regulating the working storage volumes and production rates by dissolution for a variable turnover of storage volume and natural rates of creep of salt, applicable for the simultaneous underground storage of hydrocarbons and production operations by dissolution for a number of years, and / or seasonal revolutions of storage volume.

Embodiments of the present invention may include methods for creating an underground brine tank with a buffer from a storage product for selectively controlling the working volume and displacing liquids or compressed gases into and out of salt caverns, in fluid communication with brine tanks containing brine heated by underground heat, or generating displacing brine, which can be communicated in a U-shaped pipe, pumping and / or compression devices between cavities.

In related embodiments, the present invention may provide methods for avoiding the irretrievable cost of building salt gas storage caverns by displacing the usually unrecoverable buffer gas material supporting the cavity design to prevent salt from slipping under the action of brine in brine tanks during high consumption, followed by refilling with gas and displacement of the brine during periods of storage of higher volumes of gas, for example, to improve the profitability of the system The construction of large structures of salt caverns of gas storage, in comparison with conventional depleted permeable sand storage reservoirs.

In other embodiments, the present invention can provide methods useful for providing selective access and fluid communication between a plurality of separable, due to different relative densities, fluids that can be housed in caverns and underground brine tanks connected by a U-shaped pipe, pumping devices, and / or compressions connected to distribution substations of cavern equipment.

Other embodiments of the present invention may provide methods useful for spacing the space of salt storage caverns and brine tanks to support salt columns in ocean environments, providing access for pipelines or shipment, and unlimited possibilities for water extraction and brine uptake applicable, for example, to create access to stored liquid products separated by relative density above the brine for ships and / or pipelines when creating a U-shaped pipe gas storage caverns fluid for, for example, performing storage operations during periods of opposed consumption between liquids and gas.

Finally, other embodiments of the present invention provide methods for using a fluid buffer for transport pipelines and / or providing selective access to fluids of different relative densities for use or disposal, for example, when an in-pipe projectile of water pipelines and other fluids passes into a storage cavity, of this, fluids are selectively accessible using a distribution sub with relative density separation in a stored hydrocarbon cavity s from an aqueous solution of salt for environmentally friendly release into the ocean.

Periodic disasters of wells during construction and operation demonstrate the need to create many pressure barriers from conventional high-strength metal pipes with intermediate concentric passages that can be used to monitor pressure in the annular space corresponding to such pressure barriers, especially with the design of deeper and more complex geological reservoirs and / or increasing gas storage needs to meet increasing global coal consumption hydrogens.

The practical need to create improved methods and devices applicable for more effective containment of underground pressures during well construction and operational activities is increasing due to the implementation of such operations in deeper and higher pressure underground zones, with a focus on a higher production rate. In addition, the ever-increasing demand for depression operations to reduce disturbances in reservoir permeability in the near-trunk zone, or the increasing need for large underground gas storage facilities installed under or around urban or environmental sensitive areas, increases the need for such improved methods and devices.

Therefore, there is a practical need to create devices and methods applicable for installing a plurality of underground valves that are lowered on tubing to contain well pressures for a corresponding plurality of pressure passages in underground zones. In addition, it is necessary to create methods and devices applicable for the replacement of traditionally unreliable annular safety valves, while maintaining access to the passages of the corresponding columns closest to the axial line for measuring, monitoring and maintenance of the lower end of an underground well, including, for example, connecting replacement gate valves and / or other flow controllers useful for constructing walkways and controlling fluid communication and / or well pressures.

With the imminent approaching peak of liquid hydrocarbon production worldwide, there is a need to reduce risks and the associated costs of developing the remaining hydrocarbons. In particular, improved methods and devices for underground storage of hydrocarbon gas are applicable to replace in various areas of consumption of liquid hydrocarbons and / or coal, and reduce the time frame for the return on investment, for example, while simultaneously constructing and operating an underground storage well with a more cost-effective one-time drilling operation installation and, thus, reducing investment return time with lower costs, eliminating the usual need for multiple geotechnologies measures in the well with heavy-duty drilling rigs and / or the usual need for potentially dangerous and expensive operations of lowering pipes into the well under pressure when removing the drying column from storage caverns filled with explosive hydrocarbon gas.

With a decrease in the size and productivity of newly discovered hydrocarbon deposits, there is a need to create methods and devices that are applicable to reduce permeability disturbances in the near-wellbore zone in low permeability reservoirs, where conventional methods cause permanent loss of productivity.

There is a need to create systems and methods for reducing the cost of constructing an underground cavity and preserving the access channel closest to the centerline, suitable for sonar measurement inside and / or outside the leaching column to obtain information for better control of simultaneous underground storage and dissolution mining operations. These cost-effective systems and methods should be operational during combined dissolution and storage, especially when unexpected elements of a geological salt deposit are encountered, since the storage product may preclude the use of heavy-duty drilling rigs during dissolution extraction, usually necessary to remove completion equipment for making measurements with a sonar and / or for regulating the depth of descent of the outer leach pipe string, adjusting the depth Fitting in a substantially water surface section in the area of salt dissolution.

There is a need to create systems and methods for creating improved, cost-effective operations for the construction of gas storages and underground storage, especially in depleted reservoirs isolated by underground overburden in elements of a closed fall structure or geological trap, while there is a risk of damage to the permeability of the reservoir the time of injection and storage of gas or after it necessitates the creation of improved economic efficiency, with low violation of itsaemosti near the wellbore ways of construction and operation. There is a need to create systems and methods improved in terms of economic efficiency with well construction and / or completion with depression while maintaining permeability, for example, in exhausted gas storage manifolds or with completion with two pipes controlled by valves in reservoirs of gas-tight salt caverns, for example, to increase the working storage volume associated with a decrease in the volume of buffer gas required to maintain cavity stability, with the possibility of cost-effective release gas cavern storage required for seasonal use.

In similar downhole operations, there is a need to create devices equipped with gate valves of concentric double pipes, and methods applicable for equipping the wellhead and fountain fittings of one well to maintain pressure during flooding to intensify the flow in the hydrocarbon reservoir through one main well, while producing through the same single main well for cost-effective production with a reduced construction cost, for example, in cases of insufficient reservoir pressure to obtain an inflow, ensuring of profitability.

Using double pipes with valves, there is additionally a need to store products in a buffer during simultaneous extraction by dissolution and operations in the brine tank and storage tank, applicable for selectively controlling the working volume and displacing liquids or compressed gases into and from other brine tanks and storing them in salt caverns where brine can be heated by underground heat and stored or generated during displacement operations through U-pipe devices between two or more reserves boar brine and storage with pumping and / or compression of the fluid, for example, to eliminate the need to maintain the stability of the cavity with buffer gas.

If there are peaks in hydrocarbon production and corresponding changes in consumer demand, there is a need to create seasonal stocks of storage of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons in one brine and in the same caverns of the storage tank, with selective access to many fluids separated by relative density that can be placed in reservoirs.

There is a need for economics to create salt gas storage caverns with reduced irretrievable construction costs by displacing normally unrecoverable buffer gas, which is the material that maintains cavern strength during periods of high consumption, with refilling with gas and displacing brine during periods of low consumption improving the economic performance of larger storage facilities.

There is an operational need for large storage facilities with brine tanks in caverns for storing salt towers in the open sea with more flexible fluid communication with pipelines, ships and unlimited possibilities of water extraction and brine absorption.

When exploring, transporting and storing hydrocarbons, which are becoming increasingly problematic in environmentally sensitive and potentially hostile areas, such as the oceans or the Arctic with their climate, there is a need to create methods and devices occupying a reduced area, applicable to create many barriers to contain pressure, while , with selective control of annular spaces and passages between pressure barriers during well construction and / or well operations, including, for example, production in time for perforating in depression and drilling in low permeability reservoirs, production during installation of depression of gravel filters in unconsolidated reservoirs, and / or simultaneous storage of gas and development by dissolution for daily sales, storage of the transport pipeline buffer, and / or movement of the in-tube projectile in the marine environment .

Embodiments of the present invention solve the problems of such requirements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates, in General, to a distribution sub device, systems, and methods applicable to create regulation and pressure retention during the construction and / or operation of a pipe column system, and during operations with hydrocarbons, operations of storage and / or extraction by dissolution, with at least two pipes and separated to prevent fluid communication fluid passages through underground formations, for one or more essentially hydrocarbon and / or essentially water wells, or brine tanks and storage in caverns starting from one main trunk and passing into one or more underground zones.

Embodiments of the present invention may include devices (23C Fig. 6, 17-20 and 22-26; 23F Fig. 3, 6, 9-12, 21-26 and 30-31; 23I Fig. 31-34; 23T 6, 11-12, 31 and 54-58; 23Z Fig. 38; 23S Fig. 10, and 42-44; and 23V Fig. 71-73) and methods (CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO7 of Fig. 3 5-6, 9-14, 59-62, 66-71 and 81, 1S, Figs. 9-10, 12-14, 75-76 and 80-83, 1T, Figs. 76-77 and 80-83, and 157 Fig. 82-83), which can be used with a system (70 Fig. 3, 9-11, 30-31, 38 and 80) of pipe columns or a system (76 of Fig. 6, 11-12 and 54-58) pipe columns of multiple wells with one or more fluid-communicating distribution sub (23) forming an underground pipe string system . An underground pipe string system may comprise a plurality of concentric pipes (2, 2A, 2B of FIG. 17, 21, 31-32, 38, 42 and 71-73, 2C of FIG. 32 and 71-73, 2D of FIG. 71, 39) of the upper ends that can be connected to the fountain fittings (10 and 10A of Figures 1, 3, 6-10, 13-14 and 80-81) and used with selectively controlled ground valves (64 Figures 1, 3, 6-10, 13 -14 and 80-1), and a plurality of pipes (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 39) of the lower end, which can be arranged by methods (CS1-CS7 of Figs. 3, 5-6 and 9-12), to obtain a configuration by methods (CS8 Figs. 59-62 and 66-71) and / or assembled by methods (146 Figs. 59 and 62, IS, IT 157) for communicating with a fluid with one or sharp underground zones through the passage (25) closest to the center line, which can be used to transfer fluid mixtures and regulators (61 Figs. 9-12, 15, 22-31, 35-36, 39-41, 43-44, 51- 53, 55-58 and 63-65) of the flow connecting in the channel or with the receiving socket (45 of Fig. 18) located between the radial passage (75 of Figs. 18-19, 22-26, 33-34, 38, 43- 44, 54-57 and 71-73), and / or throttle openings (59 Figs. 18-19, 22-26, 33-34, 43-44 and 55-58), which can create a fluid communication between the nearest to center line passage (25) and concentrically located passage (24, 24A, 24B, 24X, 24Y, 24Z, 55). A distribution sub wall and / or a selectively mounted flow regulator can be used to divert flows of fluid mixtures of gases, liquids and / or solids. Streams can be diverted from one passage to another, radially located inward or outward passage. Diversion of flows is used, when used, for selective control under pressure of fluid communication through many concentric pipes and passages through underground formations that can pass axially down from one or several wells from one main well (6), with many barriers (7, 10 , 10A, 61, 64, 74, 148, 149) of pressure for performing pressurized fluid operations of methods (CO1-CO7 of FIGS. 3, 6 and 9-14) of well construction, injection and / or production, either individually or simultaneously.

Embodiments of the present invention may further include methods that can be used with a pipe system (70 of FIGS. 3, 9-11, 30-31 and 38) or a pipe system (76 of FIGS. 6, 11-12 and 54-58) pipe columns of many wells and / or wells of a conventional design solution (for example, Figs. 1, 4, 7-8 and 13-14), for simultaneous operations (1S Figs. 9-10, 12-14, 75-76 and 80- 83) underground storage of hydrocarbons and production by dissolution with pressure retention. The stages of the method may include the creation of two or more pipe columns (2, 2A, 2B Fig. 17, 21, 31-32, 38, 42 and 71-73; 2C Fig. 32 and 71-73; 2D Fig. 71, 39) which can be connected to one or more blocks of equipment (7) of the wellhead and fountain fittings (10 and 10A of Figures 1, 3, 6-10 and 13-14) for selective communication with fluid mixtures of gases, liquids and / or solid particles with at least one zone at the lower end of the passage through the subterranean formations, into a salt deposit (5), which can be used to store hydrocarbons and dissolve the salt. The steps of the method may further include supplying salt inert water and / or hydrocarbons to the buffer formation zone between the shoe (16) of the last casing string (3) with cementing and a substantially water interface used to form the buffer storage space and additionally applicable with two or more pipe columns to create many barriers (7, 10, 10A, 61, 64, 74, 148, 149) for underground operations (CO1-CO2) with pressurized hydrocarbons, storage (1S, 1T ) and / or filing silo thereof during secondary operations (1S, 1T and CO1-CO7) solution mining.

In embodiments of the present invention, a system can be used (70Q Fig. 3, 70R Fig. 9, 70T Fig. 10, 70U Fig. 30, 70W Fig. 31, 70G Fig. 38, 76M Fig. 6, 76N Fig. 11-12 , 76H Fig. 54-58) pipe columns with one or more distribution sub (23 Fig. 3,6,9-12, 17-26, 30-34, 38, 42-44, 54-58,71-73 and 80), which can be used with one or more regulators (61 Figs. 9-12, 15, 22-31, 35-36, 39-41, 43-44, 51-53, 55-58 and 63-65) for selective control under pressure of underground flows of fluid mixtures in the passage through underground formations (52) for one or more underground wells, passing them from one main trunk (6).

Various preferred process embodiments (CO6 of FIGS. 14 and 81, and CO7 of FIGS. 13 and 81) of simultaneous underground storage and production by dissolution of the present invention can be used in conventional wells with a construction of two or more columns capable of holding buffer pressure (1S) storage with injection of water to displace during storage and / or development by dissolving the wall (1A) of the cavity.

In preferred embodiments of the present invention, a distribution sub device (23) with a first plurality of pipes (2, 2A, 2B of FIGS. 17, 21, 31-32, 38, 42 and 71-73, 2C of FIGS. 32 and 71-73 can be used , 2D Fig. 71) at the upper end and a second plurality of pipes at the lower end, wherein the first plurality of pipes can form at least one intermediate concentric passage (24, 24A and 24B Figs. 71-73, 24X and 24Y Fig. .17-20, 22-23, 25-26 and 32-34 and 24Z of Fig. 32 -34), which can be located around the inner passage (25), which can be used to transfer fluid d and devices that can be connected in a passage or the at least one receptacle (45), wherein the connected controllers (61, 128, 6, 27-28) of the flow can be used to selectively regulate fluid communication.

The fluid communication between the passages can pass through the first and at least the second radial passages that are separated to exclude fluid communication between each other (75 Figs. 18-19, 22-26, 33-34, 38, 43-44, 54- 57 and 71-73), which can be connected with the first and at least second throttle holes (59 Figs. 18-19, 22-26, 33-34, 43-44 and 55-58) of the radial passage, connected with the passage closest to the center line (25). At least one passage may be at least partially blocked by a wall across the passage or by a flow regulator (61) to prevent fluid from communicating between a plurality of concentric pipes of the upper end of the distribution sub and a plurality of concentric or non-concentric pipes (2, 2A, 2B , 2C, 2D, 39) of the lower end of the distribution sub, containing the concentric tube column of the lower end or the connecting chamber (43 Fig. 38, 45-46, 48-50, 54-59, 61, 66-67 and 71-73) of the lower end, respectively.

Flows of fluid mixtures can be diverted from one passage to another, a radially inward or outward passage from a dedicated passage of a distribution sub installed between a plurality of concentric tubes of the upper end and a plurality of pipes of the lower end for, when used, to control, under pressure, the fluid in the nearest to the center line of the passage (25) surrounding the passage (55) and / or the intermediate passage (24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24X, 24Y, 24Z), which can be formed by many concentric pipes in the course through underground formations (52), which can pass axially down from one or more wells from one main shaft (6), during well construction and / or downhole operations.

Various embodiments of a distribution sub (23C of Fig. 6, 17-20 and 22-26, 23F of Fig. 3, 6, 9-12, 21-26 and 30-31 and 23I of Fig. 31-34) of the present invention can separate the message a fluid of an intermediate concentric circular passage for the formation of divided axial passages (24X, 24Y, 24Z) that are not connected to each other by a fluid. Axial passages that are not connected to each other by fluid communication can be connected with radial passages (75), which are at least partially blocked from fluid communication between the upper and lower ends of one or more walls to divert the fluid through the orifice ( 59) a radial passage communicating with the passage (25) closest to the axial line, on the axially opposite sides of the receiving socket (45), applicable for connecting the flow controller (61), while blocking the closest the center line of the passage allows the transfer of flows between the passage closest to the center line and at least one concentric passage (24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24X, 24Y, 24Z, 55).

Embodiments may further include various related embodiments of a distribution sub (23F of FIGS. 3, 6, 9-12, 21-26, and 30-31; 23I of FIGS. 31-34; and 23S, 23T, 23V, and 23Z of FIG. 31) with underground valves (74 Figs. 1, 3, 6, 8-10, 13-14, 22-26 and 30-31, and 74A, 74B and 74C Figs. 30 and 31), which can be connected to the closest the axial line of the pipe string (2), at the ends of the column (2) and between the distribution sub for selectively controlling the pressure fluid transmitted through the passages to form the valve-controlled distribution tion sub.

Other preferred embodiments of the distribution sub (23I of FIGS. 31-34, 23S of FIGS. 10, 31 and 42-44, and 23Z of FIGS. 31 and 38) may use at least one radial passage (75) to create a fluid message medium between the passage closest to the center line and at least one additional concentric passage (24A, 24B, 24C, 55), which can be formed by a concentric pipe string (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) and / or passage through underground formations (52) by passing through at least one intermediate concentric passage (24), about developed by many pipes.

Other various embodiments of the distribution sub (23T of FIGS. 6, 11-12, 31 and 54-58, 23V of FIGS. 31 and 71-73, 23Z of FIGS. 31 and 38) may use radial passages separated to exclude fluid communication (75), containing connected passages of the outlet pipes (39) of the output channels of the connecting chamber (43), communicating through throttle openings (44, 59) of the radial passage with the passage of many concentric pipes (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) closest to the axial line ) top end. At least one additional radial passage can create a fluid communication between the passage of at least one pipe of the output channel closest to the axial line and at least one axial passage (24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24X, 24Y, 24X, 55), formed by lengthening a plurality of concentric tubes of the upper end to surround and / or connect the pipe of the outlet channel or the supporting fluid pipe (150 Fig. 68-73), with a selector (47 Fig. 3, 35-37, 47, 51 -53, 59 and 63-65, 47A Figs. 35-36 and 39-41) of the channel, applicable for selective transmission of fluids and regulating Yator flow through the closest to the center line connecting chamber extending outlet channels for connection with the receptacle to selectively control fluid communication through and / or between passes.

Various embodiments of the construction method (CS1 to CS8 FIGS. 3, 5-6, 9-12, 59-62 and 66-71) of construction are applicable for creating a plurality of pressure barriers from conventional metal pipes with intermediate passages for monitoring pressure, for example, annular spaces with measuring instruments (13 of Fig. 1) for measuring pressure between the secondary barrier (148 of Fig. 60-70) and possibly the failed main barrier (149 of Fig. 60-70).

In other embodiments, the implementation of the distribution sub (23T Fig.6, 11-12, 31 and 54-58, 23V Fig.31 and 71 -73), the connecting chambers can be used in the method (CS8 positions 59-62 and 66-71) for creating a plurality of pipes of regular diameters in one main barrel, which can be additionally used for fastening the connecting devices of fluid-communicating pipes or a strong structure located concentrically or radially in a pipe withstanding secondary pressure, while connecting the pipe columns of the primary and secondary floor barriers st pressure and / or creating a pressure relief manifold, such as open, with the possibility of fracturing formations below the casing shoe, may be used to limit the pressure produced on a receiving secondary pressure pipe, if the main pipe fails.

Embodiments of a distribution sub (23Z of FIGS. 31 and 38) of the present invention may use an outlet pipe (39) of a passage closest to the center line of the passage (25), which can be axially aligned with the axis of the chamber (41) with elongation of the plurality of concentric tubes of the upper end to surround an axially aligned outlet pipe, at least one other outlet pipe, which passes through at least one intermediate concentric passage (24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24X, 24Y, 24Z) to create a fluid message th to another intermediate concentric passage (24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24X, 24Y, 24Z) or around a passage (55). A channel selector (47, 47A) or a flow regulator (61) can be used to selectively control fluid communication through radial passages formed by the output channels. Additional radial passages and corresponding throttle openings can be used in the distribution sub (23Z) with a device (21 of Figures 9 and 38) for diverting the flow to transfer between the passage (25) closest to the center line and the adjacent concentric passage (24).

Other embodiments of a distribution sub (23S of FIGS. 10, 31 and 42-44) may use radial passages separated to exclude fluid communication between themselves, with a first radial pass containing a dual packer channel (22 FIGS. 35-36, 39-41 and 43-44), axially aligned with the passage (25) closest to the axial line to separate to prevent fluid from communicating at least part of at least the second radial passage, which may comprise a pipe passage through an intermediate concentric passage (24) , cm by means of a concentric tube (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) to create a fluid communication between the passage closest to the center line (25) and various intermediate concentric passages (24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24X, 24Y, 24Z) or surrounding passage (55). The twin packer (22) can be lowered through the passage closest to the center line and connected to a receiving socket for selectively controlling fluid communication, with throttling of at least part of at least the second radial passage.

Various flow controllers (61), including an embodiment of a piston (128 of FIG. 6, 27-28) with a throttle opening, can be lowered through the passage (25) closest to the center line, for example, by a cable hoist (4A of FIG. 16), for connecting with at least one receiving socket (45). The installation and removal of the flow regulator may be facilitated by an increased pressure drop applied to the axially upper or axially lower surface of the piston, while cables or pipes can pass through at least one throttle bore (59) of the piston (128) with a throttle bore when using the surface of the piston to divert at least a portion of the flow of the fluid mixture into the passage other than the passage closest to the center line.

Method embodiments (CS1 of FIG. 3, CS2 of FIG. 5, CS3 of FIG. 6, CS4 of FIG. 9, CS5 of FIG. 10, CS6 of FIG. 11, CS7 of FIG. 12 and CS8 of FIGS. 59-63 and 66-71) construction can be combined with options for the implementation of the methods (CO1 Figure 3, C02 Figure 6, C03 Figure 9, C04 Figure 10, CO5 Figure 12) hydrocarbon operations for using at least one distribution sub device (23C, 23I, 23S, 23T, 23V, 23Z) for the formation of a system of pipe columns, or conventional wells (CO6 Fig. 14, CO7 Fig. 13) with two or more pressure-controlled pipe columns for selective control under pressure of underground flow fluid mixtures in the passage through underground formations (52), for one or more underground wells passing from one main trunk (6).

Embodiments of the construction and operation methods (CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO5), respectively, may include at least one pipe string system (70, 76) with a plurality of concentric pipes (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D ) for connection with a corresponding plurality of pipes of a distribution sub with at least one intermediate concentric passage (24) located around the passage (25) closest to the center line, which can be used to transfer fluids and devices with at least one receiving socket (45) applicable to connection of flow controllers (61) for selectively controlling pressure communication with the fluid.

Embodiments of the methods (CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO5) can be used to create message flows of fluid mixtures through a distribution sub (23), divided to prevent fluid communication between the radial passages (75) and associated throttle holes (59) closest to the axial passage lines (25).

Embodiments of the methods (CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO5) may further include diverting at least a portion of the communicating flows of fluid mixtures into various passages that may be radially inward or outward from the allotted passage of the distribution sub (23) between the upper end of the pipe column system or the plurality of concentric sub pipes and the lower end of the pipe column system or the plurality of pipes, when used, to control pressurized fluid communication the passageway closest to the center line (25), the intermediate concentric passageway (24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24X, 24Y, 24Z), and / or the surrounding passage (55), which can form between multiple pipes (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 39) and passage through underground formations (52) extending axially downward from one or more wells from one main trunk (6).

Embodiments of the methods (CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO7) may also include the creation of underwater or ground units of fountain valves (10, 10A) with underwater or ground valves (64) and / or underground valves (74) applicable to the lines ( 79 Figures 1 and 22-26) of control connected to each end of the distribution pipe (23) nearest to the center line of the pipes (2, 39) for selectively controlling at least a portion of the pressure fluid whose communication is generated between the nearest to the center line by passages (25) and at least one concent tricycle passage (24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24X, 24Y, 24Z, 55).

Other embodiments of the methods (CS1-CS8 and CO1 -CO7) include the creation of flow controllers (61) that can be transmitted through the passage closest to the center line (25) and connected to a channel (25) and / or a receiving socket (45) pipe columns for selectively controlling fluid communication by diverting at least a portion of the transmitted fluid mixture streams.

Other embodiments of the methods (CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO5) include the creation of a flow regulator (61) with a piston (128) with a throttle hole installed in the channel (25) or inlet (45) or removed from them by a differential pressure, applied to the axially upper and axially lower to the surfaces of the piston, the system (70, 76) of the pipe columns, while the cables (11 of Fig. 15) or pipes can be installed through the throttle bore of the piston, at least the flow of fluid mixtures, the message they create, for access to a different than the nearest to center line passage.

Various embodiments of the methods (1T, CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO7) can be used to selectively control the flow of fluid mixtures of gases, liquids and / or solids between the upper ends of one main trunk (6) and the close passage zone through underground formations (52) to produce hydrostatic pressure of depression, equilibrium pressure or pressure of repression in the near zone during communication with the fluid.

Embodiments of the methods (1S, 1T, CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO7) of combined operations include feeding salt inert fluids and / or hydrocarbons into the subterranean zone to form a buffer between the shoe of the last casing string with cementing and essentially an aqueous interface used to form a storage and / or dissolution buffer space using a salt dissolution method.

Other embodiments of the methods (CS1-CS8 and CO1 -CO7) of combined operations can be used with two or more columns (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 39) for selectively controlling under pressure the fluid communication between the fountain valves (10, 10A ) and the zone of passage through the underground strata (52) for selective control of a substantially water interface by means of fountain fittings and salt or hydrocarbon fluids inert to form a storage buffer space, when used, to simultaneously maintain pressure along underground operations (1S of Figs. 9-10 and 12-14) supplying the storage hydrocarbon to and from the storage buffer space during additional operations (1 of Figs. 7, 9-10 and 12-14) by dissolving.

Various embodiments of the methods (1S, 1T, 157, CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO7) of combined operations may replace conventional methods (CM1 of FIG. 1, CM2 of FIG. 4, CM3 of FIG. 7 and CM4 of FIG. 8), or complement conventional solutions (CM5 FIGS. 13-14 and 81) for well construction, devices and / or methods of the present invention for selectively controlling fluid mixtures with one or more wells extending from one main wellbore (6).

Other various process embodiments (1S, 1T, CS1-CS8, and CO1-CO5) can be used to control, under pressure, fluid inert salt or hydrocarbon fluids that are stored and removed from the buffer using a gate-controlled distribution sub for selective control essentially the level of the water interface to ensure dissolution of the salt, to affect the corresponding working pressures, volumes and temperatures of the fluids stored in and extracted from space wounding and / or speed of dissolution mining operations during a combined dissolving and storage operations of extraction.

Other embodiments of the methods (1T, CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO7) can be used to control the shape of the walls of the cavity using a selectively adjustable, essentially water interface, which may occur as a result of creating a fluid communication under pressure to control the storage volumes and dissolution production rates for varying storage volume revolutions and natural salt creep rates during the underground (1S) hydrocarbon storage and dissolution operations.

Other embodiments of the methods (1T, 157) also provide a water supply substantially to the water interface or fluid interface for generating and displacing the brine at the lower end of the first brine tank and storing through at least a U-shaped pipe device in a second brine and storage tank to minimize salt dissolution in at least a second brine and storage tank during such operations.

Other related embodiments of methods (1T, 157) provide selective control of fluid communication under pressure inert to salt or fluids stored in and removed from the salt cavern buffer to affect the corresponding operating pressures, volumes, and temperatures of the fluids stored in and extracted from the brine and storage tank and / or working volumes of storage, rate of extraction by dissolution, rate of creep of salt or a combination thereof to achieve the maximum effective diameter for stability and a salt cavity, after which salt inert fluids are stored.

Also another embodiment of the method (157) comprises arranging and separating one or more reservoirs to support the salt columns according to the pressures of the stored fluids and the effective diameters of the brine and storage reservoir.

Finally, various other embodiments of the methods (1S, 1T, CS1-CS8 and CO1-CO7) can be used to create an underground fluid buffer for transport pipelines, well operations, and / or underground storage operations, while the storage buffer space may additionally used for separating fluids of different relative densities and for selective access to individual fluids through a distribution sub.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the following is shown.

1 and 2 show an underground well and the concept of damage to permeability in the near-wellbore zone of the formation, respectively.

Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the present invention, applicable to reduce the impact of damage in the near-wellbore zone of the formation and / or development of a cavity by dissolution.

Figure 4 shows a well-known branching of a multilateral well design using conventional expandable metal technology.

Figures 5-6 show an intermediate construction stage and a completed method step for a plurality of wellbore embodiments of the invention from a single main bore, applicable for substantially hydrocarbon and / or substantially water wells.

Figures 7 and 8 show the stages of the construction of a dissolution well and underground storage space.

Figures 9-14 show embodiments of methods for constructing wells and underground storage spaces from one well and / or multiple wells extending from one main wellbore.

On Fig-16 shows a known device applicable with the present invention.

17-20 show an embodiment of a distribution sub of the present invention.

On Fig-26 shows a system of pipe columns using the distribution sub of the present invention.

FIGS. 27-28 show a throttle bore piston of an embodiment of the present invention for selectively controlling fluid flows.

FIG. 29 illustrates the fluid pump device of the present invention, useful for selectively controlling fluid flows in embodiments of the present invention.

30 and 31 are diagrams of embodiments of a distribution sub of the present invention.

32-34 show a distribution sub of an embodiment of the present invention with additional intermediate concentric passages.

Figures 35-37 illustrate the apparatus of the present invention, useful for selectively controlling fluid flows in embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 38 shows an embodiment of a distribution sub of the present invention adapted with outflow columns of the present invention.

FIGS. 39-41 show various views of an adapted prior art device useful as a channel selector with the present invention.

Figures 42-44 show a distribution sub of embodiments of the present invention, useful for reducing the length of a distribution sub.

On Fig-53 shows the various devices of the present invention, applicable with the present invention.

Figures 54-58 show a distribution sub of an embodiment of the present invention formed from an adapted connecting chamber of the present invention.

Figures 59-67 show various devices of the present invention applicable in the construction method of the present invention.

On Fig-70 shows examples of configurations of pipes and channels of normal sizes, applicable in one main channel, and which can be used in the construction method of the present invention.

FIGS. 71-73 show an embodiment of an adapted distribution sub of the connecting chamber of the present invention with additional intermediate concentric passages of one elongated main trunk to maintain fluid passages.

On Fig schematically shows an underground liquid storage using the displacement of brine from the brine pool.

On Fig schematically shows a variant of implementation with the communication of the fluid through the U-shaped pipe between the cavity of the underground storage and the corresponding underground reservoir of brine.

76 schematically shows an embodiment with pumping, a turbine, or communicating fluid under pressure through a ground pipe manifold between a cavern underground storage and a corresponding underground brine tank.

Figures 78 and 78 are graphs for conventional concepts of working volume ratios for underground reheating of a gas storage cavity following development by dissolution and usage cycles for consumption.

On Fig schematically shows the column drying the caverns of the gas storage in the process of completion before its removal.

On Fig schematically shows an embodiment of a method applicable to an underground storage cavern connected to devices and methods for operating underground storage caverns with brine tanks of the present invention.

On Fig schematically shows an embodiment of a method using underground storage devices with two wells.

On Fig and 83 schematically shows a plan view for embodiments of the method for cavity devices applicable for the operation of underground storage caverns and brine tanks.

Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the listed Figures.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

In a detailed discussion of selected embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that the present invention can be practiced or implemented in various ways.

1-14, a comparison of the methods CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4, CS5, CS6 and CS7 of the construction of FIGS. 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11 and 12, respectively, and methods CO1, CO2, CO3, CO3, CO4, CO5, CO6 and CO7 combined construction and operation of FIGS. 3, 6, 9, 10, 12, 14 and 13, respectively, with the known hydrocarbon operations methods CM1, CM2 and conventional underground storage methods CM3 and CM4 FIG. 1, 4, 7 and 8, respectively. Conventional construction methods are generally not combined with conventional operations for various reasons, including the inability to selectively control operating pressures during well construction and / or the inability to install multiple metal pipe barriers between potentially explosive hydrocarbon production and construction personnel.

Figure 1 schematically shows in longitudinal section a method (CM1) of constructing a conventional underground well, applicable to various hydrocarbon wells or underground storage wells. The Figure shows the lower section with perforation (129) and cementing (20) of the liner (19), which can be replaced by the underground storage space of the geological trap (1A), the depleted reservoir, or the space developed by dissolving from the wellbore (17) in the strata to walls (1A) of the salt cavity, in which the circulation valve (123) is usually absent.

The upper end of the underground wells of the present invention can be constructed by drilling a passage (17) in the formations and installing a directional casing (14), which can be fastened to the barrel and sealed with cement and a casing shoe (16), after which drilling, installation and cementing one or more intermediate casing strings (15) and sealing the casing shoes (16) before installing the latter with cementing the casing strings (20) (3) and the casing shoe (16). The connecting chambers and pipe string systems of the present invention can be used as intermediate casing or installed through them.

In general, drilling the last passage (17) in the strata through the last casing (3) with cementing into the project underground zone may be followed by completion in an open hole, for example, wells developed by dissolution or shown with a liner (19) with cementing (20 ) and perforation (129), for example, in hydrocarbon production wells or waste disposal wells.

While liners (19) are generally connected to the intermediate casing (15) and / or the last casing (3) with cementing with a suspension and packer (40), non-liners are casing (3, 14, 15 ), in general, are connected to the equipment (7) of the wellhead, while in intermediate concentric passages or annular spaces monitoring is carried out by measuring instruments (13) of pressure changes, indicating a violation of the main barrier (2) or loss of tightness on the secondary barriers (3, 15, 19) containing released underground fluid under pressure.

Production pipes (2) or tubing generally form the main barrier installed in the passage through the underground strata (52) and containing casing passages (3, 14, 15), liners (19) and shafts (17) in layers. The tubing production string or production casing can be attached to the last casing (3) with cementing or a liner with a production packer (40) at their lower end and the upper end bonded to the wellhead equipment (7) to form the main barrier for underground fluids under pressure.

Fountain fittings (10) with selectively actuated valves (64) can be connected to the upper end of the wellhead equipment. For conventional dissolving production wells, production and injection pipes (2, 2A) can be freely suspended on the fountain during the salt dissolution process, as described above and shown in FIG. 7, after which completion equipment similar to that shown in FIG. 1 can be installed for the operation of an underground storage.

The passageway closest to the center line (25) can be controlled by an underground valve (74), which can be controlled via the control line (79) and which can be connected between the pipes of the production column (34) or the discharge pipe string (2), which can be equipped with a gate ( 123) side openings to provide limited fluid communication between the concentric or surrounding passage (55) and the passage (25) closest to the center line. The gate of the lateral openings can be used for various construction methods, but, in general, can be closed for the extraction (34) of the fluid mixture (38), while the annular passage (55) is mainly used for monitoring the pipe columns of the main pressure control barrier (2) and secondary barrier (3).

In comparison, various devices and methods of the present invention create an applicable additional intermediate concentric passage between the closest passage (25) to the center line and the surrounding passage (55), and / or create an outer string to replace the last casing (3) with cementing for equipment installation completion with the last casing with cementing, in contrast to conventional methods (CM1).

Conventional methods of regulating underground pressures with completion equipment, for example, positions 2, 40, 74 and 123, installed in a wellbore with heavy brine or increased hydrostatic pressure drilling fluid to control underground pressures of an open wellbore (17) in the formation, without a liner (19 , 20, 40), generally fastened to the production packer (40), which is connected between the tubing (2) and the last casing (3) with cementing, after which the fountain fittings (10) are installed with a gate m (123) lateral openings open to remove heavy brine pressure control or drilling mud from the annulus (24) before closing the gate (123) of the side holes and feed (34) fluid mixtures (38).

In comparison, various methods of the present invention provide a distribution sub that can be used to selectively control fluid communication during construction, to replace, for example, a gate (123) of side openings for use during an extraction and / or injection operation, to create a selectively controlled underground a manifold for controlling one or more wells from one main trunk (6), in contrast to conventional methods (CM1).

Other common pressure control methods include, for example, installing completion equipment, positions (2, 40, 74), without a gate (123) of the side openings in the completion fluid, using a shank (19) with cementing (20) in the barrel (17 ) wells in the reservoirs, isolated by the packer (40) of the top of the liner, and fastened by the suspension to the last casing (3) with cementing to control underground pressures, while fountain fittings (10) are installed to control underground pressures. After that, the hoist (4A of Fig. 16) can be used to install shooting perforators through the safety valve (74), temporarily turning off the valve, along the re-entry guide (130) to perform perforation (129) for passage through underground formations (52) for repression or limited depression to prevent the punch and skew of the firing punchers and the cable on which they are installed, after which the firing punchers and elevator are removed during pressure control operations.

In comparison, the various devices and methods of the present invention provide a means of forming significant depression due to circulation through an additional passage, for example, to perform perforation or depression drilling at completion, as described below.

Maintaining control of underground pressures during construction and subsequent injection into underground formations or production from underground formations through well passages is the central axiom of well operations, which affects almost every activity, which includes the choice of casing strings, liners and associated equipment, fluids placed in the passages through underground formations (52) to retain hydrostatic pressure of fluid mixtures (38) before production (34) with controlled pressure through a fountain Aturi (10). In some cases, such as in drilling and well construction operations in underground low permeability reservoirs, long-term productivity may be reduced by using conventional repression techniques to control underground pressures.

In collectors with low pressure or low permeability, a violation (135 of Fig. 2) of permeability in the near-barrel zone can occur during, for example: drilling a collector, installing completion equipment in an open hole, and / or during normal repression perforation when the reservoir is depressed creates risks of pushing shooting perforators upward and warping of cable lines and / or sticking of the column with a perforator and putting the safety valve (74) and fountain fittings (10) inoperative until the perforate is removed ditch and hoisting devices from the gate closing path.

In FIG. 2, in a plan view shown above the longitudinal section along the AA line, dashed lines show invisible surfaces, a conventional concept of damage (135) of permeability in the near-wellbore zone of the formation, with larger collector particles (133), such as grains sand compacted by underground pressures. Clogging between the particles forms pore spaces (131) in the spaces, which may contain fluid mixtures of compressed gases, liquids, and smaller solid particles. When the pore spaces (131) are connected adequately for the passage of the fluid mixture stream (132), the connected pore spaces are permeable.

The fluid mixtures contained in the pore spaces (131) are exposed to the subterranean pressure of the overburden, while the permeability (132) provides a passage through which the fluid mixtures can migrate, while their communication with the fluid with the underlying rock creates pressure in the permeable (132) pore spaces (131) shallow.

The control of underground fluid mixtures under pressure in permeable pore spaces adjacent to the wellbore (17) or the perforation channel (129) requires a higher hydrostatic or dynamic pressure of the fluid mixture in the wellbore (17) or perforation (129), which counteracts the pressure in the pores ( 131), which can hydraulically crush smaller solid particles (134) or liquids, such as particles or liquids in gas reservoirs of low permeability, into wellhead openings of low permeability of adjacent pore spaces (131) . However, insufficient pressure and / or surface area can cause particles or liquids to escape from the pore spaces (131) during operation, thereby creating a violation (135) of permeability in the near-barrel zone. Collectors with low permeability or inflow through these near-barrel pore spaces (131) may have insufficient pressure and / or working area of the flow to counter throttling particles (134) or capillary forces in the liquid, to squeeze fluid mixtures back from the pore mouth, which can result in as a result, a permanent violation (135) of permeability in the near-wellbore zone, affecting productivity during the entire remaining well life cycle.

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view in underground formations of an embodiment of a construction method (CS1) and a hydrocarbon operation method (CO1) that include a pipe column system (70Q) of the present invention. The pipe string system (70Q) may be used with implementation options for distribution sub (23F, 23Z), as shown in FIG. 3. In addition, the Figure shows various conventional well structural elements, similar to those shown in Figure 1, with fountain fittings (10A) with two side entrance coils with the possibility of feeding through the channel (25) closest to the center line, and a concentric passage (24), connected to equipment (7) of the wellhead and the completion column (2), which may include a distribution sub (23F) with an internal pipe string (2) and an external (2A) pipe string connected to the last casing (3) with cementing and production m packer (40) with a seal (66) on the shank (19) at its upper end. A production pipe (2) with another distribution sub (23Z) in the passage (55) surrounding the underground (55) can be used to make a number of outgoing side shafts (136), while production packers (40) connected to the shank ( 19), separate different production zones with the lowest perforated zone (129).

For the construction method (CS1) and the hydrocarbon operation method (CO1), a distribution sub (23F) is shown, which can be used to provide production and / or injection through either a passage (25) or a concentric passage (24). The diverting flow distributing sub (23Z) of the lower pipe string (2) can be connected to the shank (17) by the upper packer (40); after which, the upper assembly (2, 2A, 23F, 40, 66, 137) can be connected to the arrangement below (2, 2A, 23Z, 23Z, 40, 137) with a conventional connecting device (137), for example, a clamp with a gear rack with seal (66) on the shank (19), for example, with a receiving socket with a polished surface and a spindle and fastened to the last production casing (3) with a production packer (40). Then you can install the fountain armature (10A) with two coils.

The construction method (CS1) can be used for underground storage in a geological trap (1A) of a depleted reservoir with passage through, for example, sidetracks (136) or perforations (129) below the permeability violation in the near-stem zone, or in combination with the operation method (CO1) which can be used for underground storage and production by dissolving in the walls (1A) of the cavity, when the paths of the wells are oriented vertically, the packer (40) of the lower end and cementing (20) are excluded for the liner (19) with perforation (129) to create a fluid flow dy to dissolve the salt. To create a cavity of the storage tank and brine, a buffer fluid inert to salt, with a relative density less than that of water, can be pumped into the well and it must be lifted around the liner (19), where it can be stopped by the upper liner packer (40) to form a water interface, which, in combination with a conventional device for measuring the level of the interface, either installed through a passage (25) closest to the center line or permanently attached to various pipes of the pipe string system (70Q), You can be used to selectively control the combined storage and development operations, alternately pumping salt inert buffer fluid storage medium, the injection of fresh water and extraction through the brine distribution sub-controlled valve (23F) and outlet streams distribution subs (23Z).

When pressure-holding barriers are installed by method (CS1) for substantially hydrocarbon applications, the method (CO1) of displacing lower relative density hydrostatic column by circulating a lower density fluid through a passage (25) closest to the center line and concentric ( 24) the passage, can be used to create a depression of the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the passage through the underground formations (52) below the pore pressure held by the liner (19). This should ensure that the flow of fluids to the outside during the perforation (129), thus reducing or preventing disturbance (135 Figure 2) of permeability in the near-well zone of non-salt reservoirs, or by installing a buffer under the shoe (16) of the last casing (3 ) with cementing for brine and storage tanks. The cable hoist (4A of Fig. 16) can be connected to a fountain arm (10A) to install perforators to perforate (129) the liner while controlling pressure and depression without the risk of pushing the perforators axially upward with the fluid released from the pore space by circulating downwards along the passage (25) closest to the center line using a flow regulator (61) with a cable passage, for example a piston (128 Fig. 27-28) with a throttle hole that can be connected in the upper distribution sub (23F), and paradise slurry through a concentric passage (24) and through the christmas tree for processing a control pressure. After completion of the perforation in the non-salt reservoir, the lower production packer can be installed to separate and hold under pressure the perforated production zone 34 of the fluid (38).

An embodiment of a method (CO1) of hydrocarbon operations may be used to perform depressed drilling operations to produce (38) and extract (34) from a non-salt reservoir, to reduce or prevent disturbance (135 of FIG. 2) of permeability in the near-stem zone, for example on a flexible tubing, while a number of side trunks (136), such as the side trunks of the Christmas tree type shown in FIG. 3, are performed through the output channels of the distribution sub (23Z of FIG. 38) using a selector (47 of FIG. 37 ) channel. If the windowed channel selector (47 of FIGS. 51-53) and the circulation drill pipe pass through a piston (128 of FIGS. 27-28) with a throttle bore, shown as flow regulator (61) in FIG. 3, the fluid has a lower relative density, such as gas or diesel fuel, can circulate down the concentric passage (24), pass through the throttle holes (59) in the inner pipe (2) of the upper distribution sub (23Z) and through the selector (47) of the channel for mixing with drill cuttings in a flexible tubing to create Nia additional depression in drilling operations and the corresponding tackle (135 2) permeability near the wellbore.

Embodiments of construction methods (CS1) and hydrocarbon operations methods (CO1) can be used for depression in various operations performed upon completion. For example, installing a gravel pack in an unconsolidated reservoir or building a depressed underground storage in a depleted sand reservoir, where permeability disturbances in the near-stem zone adversely affect storage performance. In these embodiments, the closest passage (25) to the centerline and concentric passages (24) can be designed to allow the flow to pass through the gushing (10A) to install a gravel pack on the depression or to build a well. In comparison, conventional completion options (CM1 of FIG. 1) are generally not applicable for simultaneous construction and mining operations, and conventional repression mounting methods can permanently damage the manifold by throttling the pore mouths, thereby reducing their permeability.

Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section in the underground layers of the branching chamber (832) with branches (836, 838) of expandable metal. The Figure shows single barriers below the branch, which are parts of expandable metal of lower strength, traditional metal of high strength, while the passage of the secondary barrier and the barrier necessary to monitor the tightness of the main barriers of the underground well below the intersection are absent.

The branching chamber (832) is installed in the main wellbore and the flexible metal branches (836, 838) expand to create an intersection that holds pressure that can be limited by lower design fracture and fracture pressures of the expandable metal compared to conventional quenched and / or passed heat treatment and hardened high-strength metal products.

In comparison, the various devices and methods of the present invention can, in general, be constructed from a conventional, non-expandable metal of higher strength, with many barriers and annular passages below the intersections to provide increased working pressure and redundancy.

Figure 4 shows the branch wells (801, 808) extending from the branching chamber, and the branch adapter (612) is shown on the nodal portion of the main well having a main casing (604) passing through an intermediate casing (602) and a casing ( 600) directions from the wellhead equipment (610). The need to connect the branching adapter (612) for the production tubing string (820) and the low tensile strength support of the expandable metal branching chamber (832) require cementing the intersection in place, thereby preventing the construction of an annular space suitable for monitoring the main downhole barriers branch wells (801, 808). Cementing of pipes in the boreholes (801, 808) of the well is one barrier that, if it fails, can create a bypass of the connecting device (806), leakage through the seams and / or destruction of the expandable intersections (836, 838) and leakage between the branch adapter and a branching chamber (832) into the annular space with insufficient pressure of the hydrostatic column to prevent violation of the main casing string barrier (604) when installed in shallow formations. This barrier of the main casing string (604) may be exposed to higher underground pressures transmitted through a poorly cemented annular space without prior detection of increased pressure, for example, by a measuring device (13 of FIG. 1) in the annular space.

In comparison, various devices and methods of the present invention can be used to install at shallow depths of intersections of ordinary metal of increased strength with concentric passages or annular spaces extending axially down from the intersections of the wells to create sufficient hydrostatic pressure and / or metal strength for an applicable secondary the barrier. A pressure relief manifold, for example, a well in open formations with the possibility of hydraulic fracturing below the casing shoe, communicating with the annular fluid, can be used to create a secondary barrier that can protect ground equipment or drilling fluid circulation equipment in case of failure of the main barrier .

Methods for completing the branched well shown in FIG. 4 include creating a downhole manifold (612) installed in the branching chamber (832), above the intersection of the connections (806) of the fasteners (805, 810) of the branch boreholes (801, 808). The downhole manifold can be oriented and fixed by devices (510, 862) in the branching chamber (832) by orienting the manifold (612) with a device with a key (812) and a groove (860). The figure shows the production string of tubing (820), which can pass from the surface into the borehole manifold (612) to isolate the main well from branching wells (801, 808), which can be closed by plugs installed in connections (806) of branching wells below the borehole manifold (612).

If the intersection is installed in deeper formations, the expandable metal branch can create sufficient barriers when combined with higher hydrostatic pressure between the tubing (820) and the main casing (604), similar to a multi-hole application with installation deep in underground formations or if the production packer device is used above or in place of the downhole manifold (612). However, the tensile strength of the expandable metal intersection may not be sufficient to adequately resist underground pore pressures at very great depths.

Known applications of branching technologies are generally limited by the need to use special expandable metal technology, which includes the special requirement of expanding the branches (836, 838) of a non-concentric branching chamber (832) of branching, cementing them in place, and then orienting (812, 860) and fixing (510, 862) of the non-standard downhole manifold (612), in the absence of annular passages to monitor the tightness of the well below the chamber (832). Without creating two pipe barriers and an annular passage with sufficient hydrostatic pressure to create sufficient support for the pressure barrier and monitoring time, the application is generally limited to multi-barrel applications and access to the channel closest to the center line is necessary.

In comparison, various devices and methods of the present invention can be used with pipes of larger diameter, sufficient wall thickness and appropriate design pressure for applications of several wells from a single main bore at shallow depth. Prefabrication using conventional technology in a controlled environment, followed by on-site assembly, installation and / or construction in an underground environment using conventional serial technologies, can reduce the risk in applications of the present invention.

5 and 6 show embodiments of a construction method (CS2, CS3) and a hydrocarbon operation method (CO2), a plurality of wells are shown, one of which is being drilled, a trunk (17), and one of which is still to be drilled, a trunk (17A ), branching from the intersection (51A) of wells in the seams at shallow depths and shows, for example, many hydrocarbon wells with perforation (129) to non-salt reservoirs or many wells of underground storage and production by dissolution to brine and storage tanks applicable for formation and use spaces in the walls (1A) of one or more salt caverns.

5 schematically shows an underground longitudinal section for an embodiment of an intermediate step of the construction method (CS2) using a connecting chamber (43) and a channel selector (47). The Figure shows the installed casing (14) direction, with cementing (20) and a seal on the shoe (16) of the casing after drilling the trunk under the direction. The Figure further shows a trunk (17) drilled through direction (14) and formations with a connecting chamber (43) installed, for example, such as in Figs. 45-46, 48-50 or 61 and 66-57, and cementing ( 20) to form the shoe (16) of the intermediate casing (15) of a substantially hydrocarbon well or essentially a water recovery well into non-salt reservoirs, or the last casing (3) with cementing for essentially hydrocarbon and, essentially an aqueous underground brine tank and storage in salt reservoirs. A channel selector (47), for example, as shown in Figs. 47, 51-53 or 63-64, can be connected in the chamber (41) at the bottom (42) of the chamber for selective access to the right connecting chamber (43) of the pipe (39) output channel. The Figure shows a well bore (17) in formations drilled to form a passage through underground formations (52). An outlet duct pipe (39) is shown added to the connection chambers to form a secondary barrier (2A, 148) similar to those shown in Figs. 48-50, 66-67 and 68-70, located around the main barriers (2, 39, 149 of Fig. .68-70), to ensure monitoring of concentric passages or annular spaces below the connecting chamber (43) through various fluid-supporting pipes (150 Fig. 66-70).

For the construction of wells in an underground cavity of a storage tank and brine, applicable for the formation of walls (1A) of a cavity in a salt deposit, the shafts (17) in the layers can diverge into separate caverns before being oriented for vertical production by dissolution, as shown in FIG. 6, or move axially downward in a parallel or intersecting arrangement as described above and shown in FIG. 5, with a completion similar to that shown in FIG. 11.

6, a schematic view of a longitudinal section passing through underground formations is shown for an embodiment of methods (CS3) and (CO2) for combined construction and operation with a pipe string system (76M) with a connecting sub (23F). The Figure shows selective control of fluid communication between two separate wells through one main bore using underground valves (74) connected to both ends of the distribution sub (23C) to form a valve-controlled distribution sub (23F) connected to the distribution sub (23T) a connecting chamber, which can be used with a flow control plug (25A) to direct the flow from the left and right wells to the passage (25) closest to the center line and between ny concentric passage (24), respectively.

After drilling in the method step (CS2 of FIG. 5) the passages (17) through the connecting chamber (43) and the strata, the shanks (19) can be connected to the main barrier pipe (149) by suspensions and upper shank packers (40) extending axially downward for multiple wells from one main trunk (6). The hydrocarbon treatment method (CO2) can be used to perforate (129) the shanks (19) with cementing (20) essentially in a hydrocarbon well for producing from a reservoir, or storing an exhausted sand reservoir in a well, or disposing and / or processing to intensify the inflow, essentially, in a water well in non-salt reservoirs, or operations in storage and brine tanks in salt deposits.

For perforation in depression and / or when column tension is required, the (CO2) method can be used to install a liner suspension with the functionality of bypass flow for suspending the tubing (2), with an uninstalled lower end production packer (40) and a connecting device ( 137) the upper end (for example, a clamp with a gear rack), for each of the many wells, applicable for connecting the distribution sub (23T) of the connecting chamber and controlled by the valve of the distribution lane the superconductor (23F), set as a layout before connecting the christmas tree (10A). After that, the plug can be installed in the lower production packer to configure and install the pipe columns of the lower end of the (76M) tension pipe system.

In the punching example shown, the cable hoist (4A of Fig. 16) is connected to a fountain arm (10A) for installing a cable (11 of Fig. 16) that lowers the firing guns passing through the piston (128) with a throttle hole, shown connected between the valves of the upper distribution sub (23F), while the firing perforators are selectively transmitted through the channel selector (47) and the shoe (130) of the guide tool with an oblique cut to perforate (129) the shank (19). Depression with hydrostatic pressure below pore pressure can be obtained by injecting a fluid (31) with a low relative density through the lower passage closest to the center line (25) to prevent fluid from moving upwards from the firing punchers that returns past an uninstalled lower packer ( 40) and through an intermediate concentric passage (24B), which can be discharged through a selectively controlled valve of a distribution sub, similar to that shown in Fig. with three threads.

After perforation (129), the channel selector (47) can be removed, and the twin packer (22) in the distribution sub (23T) of the connecting chamber, and the piston (128) with a throttle bore in the other connecting chamber (23F) can be replaced by plugs (25A Fig. 11-12), which can be used to control the fluid mixture (38) of the flows (34) obtained from the left side of the well during independent production in the right side of the well, opposite to the direction indicated by arrows for injection.

The method (CO2) of hydrocarbon operations can be used for the combined operation of essentially hydrocarbon and essentially water wells, applicable for injection (31) and production (34) through one main trunk (6), for example, for flooding the lower section the collector during production from the upper section of the collector through underwater gushing. Water can be injected (31) into a concentric passage (24) for crossing in the distribution sub (23F) and feeding through the passage closest to the center line (25) to the right liner (19) with perforation (129) when extracted from the left liner (19) ) with perforation (129) with a connecting chamber supplied through a concentric passage of the distribution sub (23T) of the connecting chamber. This production can be transferred to the passage (25) closest to the center line on the upper distribution sub (23F), while both flows of injection and production of a fluid mixture can be selectively controlled using a variety of barriers (2, 2A, 2B, 3), underground valves (74) and fountain fittings (10A).

The construction method (CS3) can be applied with a surface mounted or underwater fountain (10A), for example, an adapted horizontal underwater fountain. An additional coil can be added to conventional fountain fittings (10 of Fig. 1) to ensure continuous flow through the concentric passage (24) with storage, for example, in many storage wells in a depleted reservoir from one main shaft (6), with a perforated shank ( 129). The storage boundary (1A) may be a geological trap, such as a closed fall structure or within the walls developed by dissolving a cavity in a salt deposit, suitable for containing the storage product.

The construction method (CS3) and the hydrocarbon operation method (CO2) are adaptable for two essentially underground water wells divided in plan by dissolving storage caverns, while the cementing shank (19) is replaced by a flow-off column of a freely suspended liner (19) without a lower packer (40), (similar to 70T of Fig. 10 below the cementing packer 139), which can be connected to each main barrier (149) of the pipes (39) of the output channel of the connecting chamber (43). The outer column (2A of FIG. 10) may be connected to the shank suspension shown and the packer (40) by a connecting device (137) at the upper end of the inner column (2 of FIG. 10). The device can be connected to a distribution sub (23T) and used to pump and hold a buffer of salt-inert fluid between the barrel (17) and the upper packer (40) of the liner and the last shoe (16) of the casing with cementing (20) of the output channel (39 ) during production operations by dissolution using, for example, distribution sub (23S Figure 10) to control the level of the water interface.

Fresh water can be injected (31) through passages closest to the center line passing from the distribution chamber sub (23T) of the connecting chamber, with the dual packer (22) and channel selector (47) installed in place, both to the left and right wells , respectively. It is possible to carry out the return (34) of saturated brine from the cavity developed by dissolving the space in the walls (1A) of both the left and right wells through the throttle hole (59) of the lower distribution sub (23T), which is absent in the previously described embodiments and requires blocking surrounding passage, for example, cement and / or packer. In other embodiments, using a radial passage blocked by a twin packer (22), the throttle bore (59) may be provided with a one-way valve, useful for injecting and retaining a salt-inert fluid buffer to selectively control the water interface during production by dissolution.

The method (CS3) can be applied to essentially hydrocarbon and / or essentially water wells using an internal connecting chamber (43), similar to that shown in Figs. 45-46, installed and connected at its lower end by packers (40) with the main barrier (149) of the pipes (39) of the output channels of the external connecting chamber (43). This installation of the internal connecting chamber (43) creates an ambient passage (55) for monitoring the main barrier in a hydrocarbon well with a lower packer (40), or for a drain brine in a freely suspended system of pipe columns of a water production well by dissolution with an additional intermediate concentric passage (24B) for monitoring the secondary barrier (148).

Figures 7 and 8 show longitudinal underground sectional diagrams for the generalized conventional steps of construction methods (CM3, CM4) for forming an underground storage space in the walls (1A) of a salt cavern using a salt dissolution mining method. The Figures show a conventional construction of a storage well with direction (14), an intermediate casing (15) and a final casing (3) with cementing sealed in a shoe (16) of the casing through which a passage (17) is drilled in the formations. The Figures show the passage through underground formations (52) in which dissolution development begins, as shown in Fig. 7, with a free-hanging inner column (2) installed in an external free-hanging column (2A), which can be adjusted using a heavy-duty drilling rig in the process of repeated setting the point at which fresh water enters the production zone by dissolving the salt deposit (5) and / or to provide better sonar measurements than possible through casing strings (2, 2A), after which they are freely suspended the columns are removed from the passage through the underground strata (52) of Fig. 8, showing completion equipment (2, 40, 74) installed with a drying column (138) that impedes the operation of the valve (74) until the cavity is empty for gas operation and the column (138) descends under pressure into the well or rises from the well.

7, a conventional method (CM3) of production (1) of dissolution is shown, starting with injection of drinking water, pool water, drainage water, sea water or other types of water, generally called fresh water, at low salt saturation compared with recoverable saturated brine. The Figure shows water being pumped through a passage (25) closest to the center line and returned through an intermediate concentric passage (24) between the inner pipe (2) and the outer pipe (2A) of freely suspended pipe columns using direct circulation with a buffer usually containing diesel fuel or nitrogen. Injected water is shown being supplied under pressure to an additional intermediate concentric passage (24A) between the outer pipe string (2A) and the last casing string (3) with cementing to control the level of the water surface (117) of the partition, while the initial production space by dissolution is created for falling rocks of insoluble formations, essentially, through an aqueous fluid flow to the sole (1E) of the cavity.

In general, when sufficient space is formed by direct circulation, usually a more efficient reverse circulation can be accomplished by forcing (31) down the intermediate concentric passage (24) and returning (34) the fluids through the passage (25) closest to the center line, with an inert salt fluid, communicating through a window in the equipment (7) of the wellhead and held in an additional concentric passage (24A) to maintain the level of the water surface (117) of the section during circulation.

In general, caverns are designed by dissolving from bottom to top with the development of a space (1B) with a water surface level (117) of the section that rises repeatedly to create spaces (1C and 1D) of increasing volume with water-insoluble rock formations falling down through the fluid and level rise (1E, 1F, 1G) cavern soles by continuously pumping (31) fresh water and extracting (34) saturated or near-saturated brine, which may depend on the residence time, pressure, volume, and temperature of the salt dissolution method.

Since the production process by dissolution can take years, depending on the size of the cavity being developed, the injection rate (31) of fresh water and the number of large-capacity drilling rig engagements required for well construction and regulation of the external leaching pipe string (2A) during the formation of the salt cavity correspond to significant investments in net present value.

FIG. 8 shows a conventional completion method (CM4) following development by dissolving the method (CM3 and 1 of FIG. 7), wherein the free-hanging leaching columns (2, 2A) are removed and a completion similar to the CM1 method of FIG. 1, containing operational casing string (2) and production packer (40) connected to the last casing string (3) with cementing, installed and connected to equipment (7) of the wellhead with fountain fittings (10A), which can be connected to the upper end using valves ( 64) for selective control Ia injecting and extracting the fluids.

In liquid storage wells, where storage products do not pose a significant risk of migrating with the evaporation or expansion of, for example, crude oil or diesel fuel, there is usually no underground valve (74). In addition, the drainage column (138) generally remains in place through the production casing (2), and the discharge product (31) is not directly supplied through the passage between the drainage column (138) and the production casing (2) with the selection of the drain brine (34) passing through the drying column (138), while the liquid storage product displaces the brine from the space in the walls (1A) of the cavity. Extraction of the storage fluid is generally accomplished by direct injection of brine from a pond or storage facility through a drying column (138) to float the low relative density storage product from the cavity, as described below and shown in FIG. 74.

In cases of gas or volatile storage liquids, an underground gate valve (74) with guaranteed closure in the event of an accident is generally installed in a production casing (2) through which a drying column can be installed. Gas or volatile liquids can be stored using reverse circulation to pump (31) through the passage between the drainage casing (138) and the production casing (2) and select the drain brine (34) through the drainage column (138), after which the column (138) dehumidification should be raised from the well or lowered into the well under pressure in a relatively high-risk operation, where personnel are close to pressurized barriers to ensure the functioning of the safety valve (74) with guaranteed closure in the event of an accident.

Conventional methods (CM3, CM4) for building salt caverns and resetting an underground gas or volatile liquid storage facility are time-consuming and potentially dangerous, requiring several years to complete before implementing a return on investment.

Figure 9 shows a diagram of a longitudinal underground section along the axis of the embodiments of the construction method (CS4) and the hydrocarbon operation method (CO3). The illustrated embodiments can be applied with a pipe string system (70R) and a flow diversion device (21) and a distribution sub (23F) of the present invention. The Figure shows a well construction similar to Figure 3 above the last casing string (3), which contains the outer casing (2A) of the cemented pipe system (70R) (2) to form a casing shoe (16). The initial cavity space in the walls (1A) of the cavern of the salt deposit (5) can be used for storage during mining (1S) by dissolution. Methods (CO3-CO7) of construction and operation combined with it can be used to reduce both the number of attraction of heavy-duty drilling rigs and the period of time before the return on investment is realized, in comparison with conventional methods (CM3 and CM4 Fig. 7 and 8) with simultaneous storage and development by dissolution, position (1S).

After cementing (20) the pipe string system (70R) and appropriately crimping the shoe (16) of the casing and placing the buffer fluid inert to salt, water can be pumped into the spaces developed (1) by dissolving the space (1B, 1C, 1D), first using the reverse circulation method. In the reverse circulation method, water is pumped through an intermediate concentric passage (24), taking the drain through the passage (25) closest to the center line and throttle holes (59) in the inner pipe string (2), at its lower end. After that, the direct circulation method can be used to pump water through the passage (25) closest to the center line to the outlet ducts (21), as described below and shown in Fig. 38, which can be selectively controlled by the outlet duct selectors (47A of Fig. 35 -36) a channel, also suitable for pumping and retaining a salt-fluid buffer fluid between the shoe (16) of the last casing string (3) with cementing and a water level (117). After the formation of sufficient volume, due to the accelerated leaching of the roof of a cavity of reduced diameter, the level of the water surface (117) of the partition can be lowered by a buffer between the roof of a reduced diameter and the water surface of the partition, applicable as storage space (147) during simultaneous storage and extraction by dissolution, position (1S ), at the same time, below the water surface of the section, the channel-outgoing flow selectors can be used for selective placement of water for production (1) by dissolving caverns of a larger diameter, in time I is insoluble reservoir rock may fall and accumulate positions (1E, 1F and 1G) at the bottom of the cavern. Saturated brine can enter the throttle holes (59) in the inner pipe (2) and can go into the intermediate passage (24), below the channel selector for extraction through fountain fittings (10A).

Method (CO3) can be used to form the initial space in the walls (1B) of the cavity using direct fresh water circulation through the passage closest to the center line (25), with saturated brine being returned through the concentric passage (24) using the lowest level of the water surface ( 117) of the section above the lower end of the outer pipe string (2A). Alternatively, the initial space in the walls of the cavity can be formed with reverse circulation of water through a concentric passage (24) to the passage closest to the center line, during which the buffer salt-inert fluid can periodically be pumped through any of the passageways (24, 25) and delay a casing shoe (16).

Various forms of the initial volume (147) of the cavity, applicable for simultaneous storage and extraction by dissolution, position (1S) can be formed by direct or reverse circulation and control of a buffer salt-inert fluid, which can be used to control the level of the water interface, selectively increased in volume by injection or a manifold removed by means of a sub (23) after the initial insoluble volume. Although the two caverns never have the same shape after completion of production by dissolution, any conventional design form can be formed using the present invention, for example, the shapes of Figures 10, 13 and 14 can be used to more quickly form the volume (147 of Figures 13 and 14) of the buffer storage and can be additionally used for leaching buffer for subsequent operations (1) production by dissolution.

The usual rule established on the basis of practice for dissolving salt is that the top of the cavity leaches twice as fast as the sides of the cavity, and the sides of the cavity leach twice as fast as the bottom of the cavity. Conventional methods (CM4 FIG. 8) for forming a cavity include developing the width of the cavity, first at the deepest level, and then working up to complete the shape of the cavity, and the present method (CO3) can be used to form a smaller volume, which can be used for storage and buffer, after which the development by dissolution of the side walls (1A) of the cavity can continue, either usually or according to the options of the method (1T Figs. 75-76 and 80-83) for brine and storage tanks.

Fluid storage is generally volume-dependent, with a high cost per unit volume, and salt caverns are generally preferred for fluid storage by the methods (1T Figs. 75-76 and 80-83) of the present invention that are applicable to gas storage. Storing gas in gas-tight salt caverns is generally more beneficial for shorter sales periods to increase turnover related to cyclical volume utilization, as described below and shown in FIG. 78, with only a portion of the cavern being used for more significant seasonal variations which is usually left for less efficient depleted sand reservoirs, presumably due to the higher investment cost for a more efficient storage space of the salt cavern intended gas provided for information storage. Various methods (157, CO1-CO7, 1S and 1T of Figs. 75-76 and 80-83) are applicable for combining liquid and gas storage.

The distribution sub (23F) of the construction method (CS4) can be used, for example, to perform both production by dissolution and gas storage operations (1S) without involving a drilling rig. A smaller volume (147) of the cavity formed by the first development by dissolving a cavity of a reduced diameter axially upward with a higher rate of dissolution of the cavity space can be used to form a buffer volume (147) for gas trading. After that, the level of the water interface can be reduced by the volume of gas stored, for example, on weekends, a period with reduced consumption for displacing brine, and gas can be released during daytime consumption peaks when fresh water is pumped for production by dissolving the walls (1A) of the cavity for increased diameter from bottom to top. The methods (1T of Figs. 75-76 and 80-83) for pumping fresh water, generating brine and displacing the U-shaped pipe between the brine and storage tanks contribute to the recovery of the storage buffer product and the creation of appropriate pressures.

13 and 14, diagrams of combined hydrocarbon operations of embodiments of the methods (CO6 and CO7, respectively) that can be used in conventional well construction methods (CM5), including conventional structures comprising one or more devices of the present invention for development by dissolution of caverns of various shapes and designs for the simultaneous storage of valuable produced, for example, hydrocarbon gas in the walls (1A) of the cavern of salt deposits. The Figure shows a volume (147) with a reduced storage cavity buffer, which can be developed by dissolving first for operations (1S) of simultaneous storage during operations (1) of production by dissolving with operating pressure (WP), which is used to selectively control essentially the level of water the surface (117) of the partition during an increase in the volume in the walls (1A) of the cavity.

Figures 9-10, 12-14, 76 and 80 show various examples of intermediate and final caverns with structures and shapes that can be used in the present invention. An initial volume (147) can be formed for the storage buffer during operations (1S) of simultaneous storage and extraction by dissolution, after which subsequent forms (1B, 1C, 1D) of the caverns can be formed by selectively adjusting the essentially water surface (117 ) section with the placement of salt-inert buffer and the selective installation of distribution sub (23) and flow controllers until the final design volume in the walls (1A of Figures 9-10, 12-14, 76 and 80) of the cavity is reached.

Construction methods (CS4-CS7) can be used with any underground storage facility requiring an underground well to communicate storage products with fluid, for example, exhausted reservoirs, similar to those shown in FIGS. 3 and 6. Boundary surface (1A of FIGS. 3 and 6) storage is a geological element, such as a closed tank on four sides in a fall structure or in walls of a conventional design or described by a solution developed by dissolving a salt cavern, while underground valves may be required for the product Storage areas that pose a significant risk of migration due to expansion or evaporation.

The combined methods (1S, 1T, CO3-CO7, 157) of storage and development by dissolution can be used for any underground storage facility in a salt cavern. The present invention can be used to combine liquid and gas storage caverns where products of a higher price per unit volume, such as storage of liquid hydrocarbon, usually with displacement with saturated brine rather than water and having a storage cost not necessarily reduced to a short-term peak load, generally are not combined with the storage of hydrocarbon gas in a salt cavity, while economic calculations with the dominance of alignment of short-term peaks, requiring only a small part of the project volume from the covers In general, do not re-filled after the initial drying.

Liquid products with a higher unit cost of volume generally require lower economically viable volumes of turnover than, for example, a compressed product in the form of hydrocarbon gas, with two separate consumption cycles containing daily or weekly use of small parts of the stored volume to control peak consumption and seasonal consumption arising in the longer term, containing cyclical changes in the entire working storage volume between the maximum and minimum working pressures mi caverns. In general, the capital costs of constructing large underground salt gas storage caverns containing many interconnected caverns are less cost-effective for seasonal demand than, for example, a depleted reservoir, since the investment has a higher return on longer-term investments. As a result, a salt storage cavern is usually used to respond to peak levels of daily and weekly consumption, while the seasonal turnover of a lower unit cost product cannot economically justify construction investments, or non-recoupable investments, for the significant amount of buffer gas that must remain in caverns to maintain a minimum working pressure supporting the roof of the salt cavern.

Thus, a less capital-intensive and less efficient depleted sand gas storage manifold is usually used to meet seasonal consumption, and gas-tight salt caverns are usually used to meet peak daily or weekly consumption, generally eliminating the creation of combined liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon storage in facilities designed according to seasonal consumption.

The methods of embodiments of the present invention are used to reduce the cost of construction and operation of liquid and gas storage facilities. For example, embodiments of the present invention can reduce costs by building wells in one mobilization of a drilling rig or by creating pressurized reservoirs to seasonally refill gas storage caverns with liquid hydrocarbons, water and / or brine without additional involvement of drilling rigs, which is usually required for a rig and removing the drying column through the underground safety valve. An additional cost reduction includes economical water supply and brine utilization using, for example, the ocean to create larger structures with many more gas-tight storage caverns that can be used for cost-effective gas supply while balancing peak consumption and for seasonal gas consumption.

Conventional structural solutions include, for example, two wells extending into one cavity, shown in Figs. 13 and 14. The Figures show two or more pipe columns (2) and selectively controlled underground valves (74) connected to appropriate equipment ( 7) wellheads and underwater or surface valves (64) of fountain valves (10), which are used to selectively control the injection of fluids and water inert to salt to form the storage buffer volume (147), after which the working pressure (WP) of the buffer space is stored Nia used for selectively adjusting the level of a substantially water surface (117) of the interface section or fluids for operations (1S) when developing underground storage (1) dissolving. For example, hydrocarbon gas can be stored in the upper buffer volume (147), during the weekend, squeeze out saturated brine from the cavity and then be discharged from the storage during peak consumption of the working days of the week, while water is pumped into the cavity for development by dissolving the lower end cavities and minimizing the reduction in working pressure (WP) caused by product selection.

Initially, any salt-inert fluid following any valuable salt-inert storage fluid, such as diesel fuel or hydrocarbon gas, can be held up by injection and flotation due to the lower relative density between the shoe (16) of the last casing (3) with cementing and essentially the water surface (117) section, applicable for selective regulation of the dissolution (1) of the salt. For example, nitrogen gas can be used to form the initial volume of the storage buffer; after which, hydrocarbons that are valuable to meet different consumption can be used as salt inert fluid for storage operations (1S), or compressed air generated using wind energy and suitable for supplying to an air motor driving an electric generator, used as a salt inert fluid for (1S) storage operations during the development of (1) dissolution.

Conventional theories related to the pressure of maintaining the roof of the cavity and the working pressure of the gas in the cavity, use the forms (1D), similar to those shown in Figures 10 and 14, to create an arched roof of the salt deposit, which maintains the bearing capacity at lower working pressures than, for example , forms (1A), similar to those shown in Figs. 9, 10, 12 and 13. The devices and methods of the present invention can be applied to any form of cavity and any cavity operating pressure. Higher and lower working pressures (WP) corresponding to different cavity shapes can be at least partially controlled by pumping fresh water, generating brine and / or displacing brine during combined operations (1T, CO3-CO7) to facilitate maintaining pressure in the cavity during the release of the storage product, while the storage product moves the water surface (117) of the partition and activates the corresponding extraction of brine and / or drainage.

Various methods of pumping water and extracting saturated brine can be used to selectively control the level of the substantially water interface (117). For example, a pump (69A of FIG. 29) in gas storage operations (1S) connected in a distribution sub (23F of FIGS. 6, 9, 10 and 12) between control valves (74 of FIGS. 6, 9, 10 and 12) may operate by supplying compressed gas to pump water into a pressure cavity (WP) for extraction operations (1) by dissolution when the expanding compressed gas is discharged from the storage. Compressed gas may be injected into the cavity to supply saturated brine from the cavity with operating pressure (WP) in a drying operation facilitated by the reverse operation of the underground pump (69A of FIG. 29) to extract the brine.

Various other (1S) extraction (1) dissolution and storage operations may be used, including the frequent, periodic or seasonal extraction and release of fluids stored in the cavity by filling the volume (147, 1B, 1C, 1D) with fresh water left for complete saturation, with the estimated dissolution of salt to the wall thickness within the maximum design diameter of the cavity using, for example, the ocean for water supply and disposal of the brine and / or device of the U-shaped pipe (1T) for communicating with the fluid between the reservoir uarami brine and storage.

The working pressure and working volume in underground gas wells and storage caverns can invariably combine in storage operations of a compressible fluid, where a large initial volume of buffer gas must remain in the caverns during the life cycle of a conventional gas storage facility to maintain the minimum working pressure required for prevent the harmful effects of salt slippage on the storage space and / or the stability of the roof of the salt cavity.

Embodiments of the methods (1T, CO3-CO7) can be used to positively affect the working volume, containing, for example, the sum of the volume of the working gas and the volume of the buffer gas necessary to maintain the stability of the salt cavity and / or to extend the selection period corresponding to the limiting thermodynamic characteristics of reducing the borehole gas expansion equipment, generally measured on wellhead equipment. An increased usable working volume can be obtained by filling the cavity volume with water or brine, for example, from the ocean or brine tank and storing using a valve-controlled distribution sub (23F of FIGS. 6, 9, 10, 12 and 21-26) or a conventional design wells with two pipe columns, applicable for selectively controlling the injection of water inert to salt and / or valuable storage fluids when extracting brine or valuable storage fluids. Embodiments of the methods (1T, CO3 -CO7) can be used to control at least a portion of the pressures, volumes, and temperatures obtained from the thermodynamic processes of pumping and / or extracting stored fluids while emptying or filling the cavity with water or brine.

Figure 10 shows a diagram of an underground longitudinal section of embodiments of a method (CS5) of construction and a method (CO4) of a combined operation with hydrocarbons using a system (70T) of pipe columns with distribution sub (23F, 23S) in a drilled passage (17) through salt deposit (5). Embodiments shown in the Figure include the use of a conventional cementing plug or an expandable cementing packer (139) and a distribution sub (23S) adapted to a conventional cementing clutch (123) to perform functions similar to the side opening gate, while the cementing the window may be closed after cementing through radial passage pipes extending from the channel closest to the centerline of the channel to the outer pipe string (2A) connecting the pipe string system (70T) to the passage through h underground strata (52) with a casing shoe (16). The casing shoe (16) may comprise a sliding cement packer (139), which may have in place cementing (20) performed through an intermediate casing (15) installed with cementing (20) in the directional casing (14), with equipment (7) the wellhead at its upper end.

After the fountain fittings (10A of Fig. 12) are connected to the upper end of the wellhead equipment (7), the combined operation method (1S, CO4) may comprise placing a buffer of the initial water interface with sustained injection and, then, forming a volume (147) of the storage buffer using a higher rate of leaching of the cavity roof, when the initial diameter of the cavity is established by reverse circulation axially down the intermediate concentric passage (24) and through the lower end throttle holes (59) into the inner pipe string (2). The (CO4) method can continue with the combined operations of dissolving, injecting, and storing a salt-inert (1S) storage fluid at the upper end of the space (147) or buffer to lower the level of the water interface to increase the initial diameter of the cavity, with an additional return and / or by direct circulation through the passage (25) closest to the center line to the various radial passages (75) of the distribution sub (23S), to increase the lower cavity shape (1D). The reverse circulation of water down the concentric passage (24), with brine being returned through the passage closest to the center line (25), can change, after the initial volume (147) is formed, to direct the water circulation down along the passage closest to the center line to the selectively blocked depth using, for example, a flow regulator, such as a plug for diverting flow through a distribution sub (23S) to fall down through the storage buffer to the water interface, while the storage products are removed from the buffer through distribution sub (23S) reverse circulation. The subsequent combined operations of the method (CO4) may include, for example, alternating the sale of storage gas for peak consumption and operations (1S) of production by dissolution, while the inclined roof of the cavity is structurally designed to discharge water from the cavity and re-fill with water, taking into account different dissolution rates salts of walls and roofs until reaching the final shape of the wall (1A). Subsequently, embodiments of the (CO4) combined operation method may include, for example, selling storage gas for peak consumption to use smaller parts of the cavity, refilling the cavity for seasonal storage of gas, and compensating for the natural slip of salt resulting from the overburden pressure rocks, followed by seasonal dissolution of salt.

The inclusion of multiple distribution sub (23S Fig. 42-44) with a reduced diameter radial passage applicable with a plurality of shortened conventional flow controllers (61 Fig. 39-41) provides a means for the critical depth adjustments that may be needed when in dissolution mining operations encounter unexpected elements of an underground salt deposit, or where water with high injection rates is to be distributed at different depths through several distribution sub (23S), instead of being pumped through more shoy channel at the same depth.

Various distribution sub-channels of increased diameter channels, for example, sub 23Z of Fig. 38, can be included in the composition for sonar measuring devices to exit the pipe string system included in the cavity to perform sonar measurements. Alternatively, measurements may be made through the pipes of the pipe string system to adjust for dissolution mining operations and to control when encountering unexpected underground elements during dissolution mining.

11 and 12, diagrams of an underground longitudinal section of embodiments of a method (CS6) of construction and a method (CO5) of combined hydrocarbon operations that can be used with a pipe string system (76N) and distribution sub (23F, 23T) are shown. The Figures show the connecting chamber (43) of the final casing string (3) with possible cementing (20) in the casing (14) of the direction to form one main trunk (6) and the wellhead equipment (7) for connecting to the flow fitting (10A) . The Figure shows a plurality of trunks (17) in formations drilled through a salt deposit (5) to cross at its lower end. The figures include a plurality of shanks (19) of the tubing string (2) with suspensions and production packers (40) that are connected to the pipes (39) of the output channels of the connecting chamber (43), after which the arrangement of the distribution sub (23F, 23T) can be connected item (137), for example, with packer fasteners fastened to production packers (40) by fountain fittings (10A), which can be connected to the upper end of the wellhead equipment, securing the top of various pipe columns (2, 2A, 3 and 14).

The combined method (CO5) of underground storage and production by dissolution can be used to inject (31) fresh water into the left well with a cuttings (34) through the right side of the well, while the plug (25A) in the distribution sub (23T) can direct the flow from the right well into the concentric passage (24) to enter the passage (25) closest to the center line above the flow regulator (61) in the upper distribution sub (23F). The upper distribution sub (23F) may comprise, for example, a plug (25A of Fig. 15) or a pump (69A of Fig. 29) of a fluid that can be used both for diversion and for selectively controlling the flow of fluid through an underground valve (74) ) the upper distribution sub (23F), in this case, the fluid communication is additionally selectively regulated by the valves (64) of the fountain valves (10A).

Water and salt inert fluid are injected, position (31) and held under production packers and casing shoe (16) or in one or both tubular cavities formed by boreholes leaving the connecting chamber (43) if the distribution sub (23S Figure 10) is adapted to the step cementing tool (123 Figure 10) and a cementing packer (139 of Figure 10) is used in one or both tube-shaped cavities. When the level of the substantially water section surface (117) moves axially upward, the left pipe can be cut off sequentially, position (140) for adjusting the level at which water is installed in the intermediate walls of the cavity and provides unhindered sonar measurements.

One or both of the wells exiting the connection chamber (43) can be used to leach the storage volume (147 of FIGS. 10, 13, 14, 76 and 80) for a buffer fluid inert to salt and can be additionally used for storage of fluid during joint operation (CO5). The interface between the liquids (117) can be selectively moved by the working pressure, and the level of the interface (117) can rise up to form a cavity (1B, 1C, 1D) of the cavity by dissolving the salt. Water-insoluble formation rock can fall down and accumulate, position (1G) at the lower end of the cavity with extraction (34) through the throttle holes (59) in the pipe (2) of the right well, with the removal of small particles and small solid particles, and leaving larger particles (133) for the formation of secondary permeability (132 of FIG. 2), in insoluble substances that accumulate, the position (1G) on the bottom of the cavity.

3, 5-6, 9-14, 76, and 80-83 show various preferred embodiments of the methods (1S, CS1-CS7, CO1-CO7, 1T, 157), wherein various methods and devices described in This document can be used and combined with various other methods and devices of the present invention to form other embodiments that can be used to selectively control pressure during construction and / or hydrocarbon operations, storage or production by dissolution for one or more essentially hydrocarbon x and / or essentially water wells from one main trunk (6).

As the various described construction methods (CS1-CS3) and combined operations methods (CS1-CO2) demonstrate, the present invention can be used to perform various operations in the process of completing one or more wells through one main well (6), and further adapt to perform, for example, any circulation of fluids through a completion column with pressure control for acid cleaning, acid treatment of rock skeleton with hydraulic fracturing or hydraulic fracturing with proppant, installation of gravel filters, op jet pump operations, gas lift operations, and other operations involving the supply of fluids through the completion column, under normal conditions, requiring circulation, for example, using a flexible tubing.

15 and 16, a conventional cable-mounted plug (25A) and a cable hoist (4A), respectively, are shown. The figures show a flow regulator (61) installed by connecting to a cable (11) from a wire rope or wire (4A) with a hoist (4), with a lifting device (12) for hoisting through a lubricator (8) and a blowout preventer (9) connected to the top of the fountain armature (10), mounted on the wellhead equipment (7), communicating with the pipe string system closest to the axial line, for installation in the passage through underground formations for selectively controlling the flow of fluid under pressure. Various examples of flow controllers (61) shown include: a plug (25A) with a connecting device (68) connecting to the cable and cuffs (89), a twin packer (22 Fig. 39-44), a piston (128 Fig. 27-28) with a throttle hole, a pump (69A of Fig. 29) and a selector (47 of Fig. 37, 51-53 and 47A of Fig. 35-36) of channels that can be installed, applied and removed from the passage closest to the center line (25), of the present invention for selectively controlling the flow of fluid under pressure, while other conventional devices and flow controllers of the present inventor so e are applicable.

17, 21, 32, 38, 42 and 71 show plan views, dashed lines show additional pipes (2B, 2C, 2D) applicable to form additional concentric passages (24A, 24B, 24C) that can be connected with other distribution sub, 23C Fig. 17-20, 23F Fig. 21-26, 23I Fig. 31-34, 23Z Fig. 38, 23S Fig. 42-44 and 23V Fig. 71-73, for example, to form different other embodiments of a distribution sub (23) and / or pipe string systems. Similar to the pipe column system (70W) of FIG. 31, any number of additional concentric pipes and / or pipe columns connected to different distribution sub can in various devices be configured to selectively control, under pressure, the flow of a fluid mixture through multiple concentric passages using a valve, located across the passage closest to the center line, while maintaining access through the passage closest to the center line for lowering the flow controller (61).

In Figs. increased inner diameter to form a cross section with an equal or greater working flow area, for example, to reduce the risk of erosion or cutting through the walls of distribution sub (23C), applicable for the formation of embodiments controlled by a valve sub (23F Fig.21-26, for example).

On Fig, shows a plan view with a line AA of the corresponding section of Fig. 18, a distribution sub (23), an embodiment (23C) of implementation, shown are divided, not fluidly interconnected intermediate concentric passages (24X and 24Y) formed in an intermediate concentric passage (24) around the passage closest to the center line (25).

On Fig shows a longitudinal section along the line A-A Fig.17, sub (23C) of the manifold. The Figure shows a left separate fluid passage (24Y) ending at the lower end of the wall to divert fluid communication through the lower radial passages (75), and a right separate fluid passage (24X) ending at the upper end of the wall to divert fluid communication through upper radial passages (75). The connection of the flow regulator, for example plugs (25A of Fig. 15), in the receiving socket (45) between the throttle openings (59) of the upper and lower radial passage (75) can effectively divert fluid communication from the concentric passage (24) to the nearest to the center line passage (25) and vice versa.

FIG. 19 is an isometric sectional view of FIG. 18 along A-A of FIG. 17, with a part line B corresponding to FIG. 20 of a distribution sub (23C). The Figure shows the ends (90) of the distribution sub connecting between the pipes (2, 2A) of the pipe string system, and the passage closest to the center line can be used to lower the flow controllers through the string. The intermediate concentric passage (24) is shown with the separation of the fluid into flows in the passages (24X and 24Y) for transferring the fluid message from the passage closest to the center line (25) to the concentric passage (24), and vice versa, when the flow regulator is connected to the receiving socket (45) between the throttle holes (59) of the radial passage (75). The manifold sub (23C) can be used with a valve-controlled distributor sub (23F Fig. 21-26), while the passage (141) of the valve control line can be installed in the walls between the separated passages (24X, 24Y) of the fluid for subsequent continuation in concentric passage (24) or for external connection with the column, as shown in Fig.17.

FIG. 20 shows an enlarged view of a portion of a distribution sub (23C) in the part B selection line of FIG. 19, dashed lines show invisible surfaces, and further shows a passage arrangement (24, 25, 24X, 24Y and 141) near and around the throttle openings (59) a radial passage connecting the passages (24, 25 of FIG. 18) formed in the inner pipe (2) and the outer pipe (2A).

21-26, various views of an embodiment of a valve-controlled distribution sub (23F) are shown. The figures include conventional gate valves (74), which may be suitable for underground use. The valves are shown as examples, in the form of underground safety valves with a guarantee of operation in the event of an accident shutters (127), with a control line (79) that can be connected to the upper and lower ends (90 Fig. 17-20) of the distribution sub (23C Fig. 17-20) for the formation of a valve-controlled distribution sub (23F), with upper and lower ends connecting between the pipes (2, 2A) of a larger system of pipe columns.

On Fig, 22 and 23, shows a plan view, a longitudinal section and a section view in isometry, respectively, the tear lines show the remote section sections of Fig.22 along the CC line of Fig.21, and sections in isometric Fig.23, highlighting parts D, E and F FIGS. 24, 25 and 26, respectively, controlled by a valve of a distribution sub (23F). The Figure shows a conventional gate valve (74) with a throttle valve (127) through which a flow regulator can be lowered, and through which a flow regulator with a plug (25A) can be installed in a receiving socket (45) to divert a fluid message between the upper closest to the axial lines with a passage (25) through the upper radial passage (75) and a concentrically located passage (24X) separated to exclude fluid communication with it to the lower intermediate passage (24). At the same time or at the same time, fluid communication can be discharged through the upper concentric passage (24), through the concentric passage (24Y), which is separated to prevent communication with the fluid, and the lower radial passage (75), into the lower passage closest to the center line ( 25). The fluid flow to both fluid-communicating flows can be selectively controlled by the upper and lower valves (74) and along the control lines (79).

FIG. 24 is an enlarged view of a portion of a distribution sub (23F) in a part line D of FIG. 22. The Figure shows a conventional upper valve (74) with a throttle valve (127) with a flow pipe (142), which can be connected to a throttle valve (127), pressed by a piston (143) with pressure transmission through the control line (79) axially down to hold gate valves open. The loss of hydraulic pressure in the control line (79) can relieve pressure on the piston (143), and the spring (144) can be used to close the valve, while the pressure under the valve helps to close. The valve may be connected to the inner concentric pipe string (2) and held in the external concentric pipe string (2A) using a lower valve control line through the concentric passage (24) or, alternatively, from the outside of the arrangement shown.

Similar to the manifold sub (23C), the pipe string diameter (2, 2A) can be adjusted in any confined spaces to accommodate loss of cross-sectional area. For example, the pipe diameter (2A) of FIGS. 21-26 is increased to create improved properties of the flow passing through the valve parts (74) protruding in, and partially blocking, the concentric passage (24) shown.

FIG. 25 is an enlarged view of a portion of distribution sub (23C and 23F) in the part line F of FIG. 23. The Figure shows a cable connecting device (68) of a plug (25A) deployed through and connecting in the upper passage closest to the center line (25) to divert fluid communication from the passage closest to the center line to the upper radial throttle bore (59) passage (75).

The Figure shows control and / or measurement lines (79) that can be used, for example, to actuate valves (74) and to operate measuring devices for a substantially water interface in the development by dissolution and / or underground storage buffer, with a channel transmitting hydraulic or electrical signals passing through a wall between interconnected fluid passages (24X, 24Y) and an intermediate concentric passage (24) or, alternatively, by connecting to the outer diameter of the outer pipe hydrochloric columns (2A). A control or measurement cable or line (79) can pass through a concentric passage, between concentric pipes (2 and 2A), or enter a surrounding passage around a distribution sub (23).

Similar devices can be used to pass pipe or cable lines (79) of control and / or measurement from the surrounding passage (55 Figs. 3, 6 and 9-12) to a concentric passage (24 of Figs. 3, 6 and 9-12) to bypass , for example, a packer (40 Figs. 3, 6, and 9-12). After that, the cables can re-enter the surrounding passage and connect to the layout installed in the passage through the underground layers (52 Fig. 3, 6 and 9-12).

FIG. 26 is an enlarged view of a portion of distribution sub (23C and 23F) in the part line E of FIG. 22. The Figure shows a plug diverting fluid communication from the lower passage closest to the center line (25) to the throttle openings (59) of the radial passage (75), with control lines (79) extending from the bottom between the walls that are separated to prevent fluid from communicating with each other passages (24X, 24Y) of the fluid, both inside and outside the outer pipe (2A).

On Fig and 28, shows a plan view with a line G-G and a longitudinal section along the line G-G, respectively, of an embodiment of a piston (128) with a throttle bore. The Figures show a casing (114) with seals (66) of the outer diameter, upper and lower throttle holes (59) at the ends of the corresponding passage, which can be used to pass the pipe or cable (11 of Fig. 15). The passage of the orifice openings (59) may be sealed or create a partial fluid communication to facilitate installation, removal and use in the method. Methods of use include, for example, installing in the receiving sockets of a distribution sub (23C, 23F, 23I, 23T, 23Z) between the throttle openings of the passage closest to the center line, while the connecting devices shown as an example as cuffs (89), connected to receiving sockets for diverting all or part of the message to the fluid from the passage closest to the center line from the intersection of the radial passages of the fluid flows above and below the piston with a throttle bore between the intermediate and closest to the center line rods, similar to a fitting or plug (25A Fig.21-23 and 25-26), when a cable or pipes are passed through a piston (128) with a throttle bore of the flow regulator (61) and the passage closest to the center line. The differential pressure on the upper and lower surfaces of the piston can be used to install and / or hold the piston (128) with the throttle bore in place or to facilitate its removal during, for example, perforation on the cable in the depression of FIGS. 3 and 6; drilling on a flexible tubing in a depression Figure 3; or rinsing on a flexible tubing of an insoluble blocking system of pipe columns during development by dissolution and in the methods of the combined operation of Figs. 9-14.

29 is an isometric view of a hydraulic motor and fluid pump (69A) of a flow regulator (61) with a cable connection (68) for installing and removing through a passage closest to the center line. The pump can be used in the receiving sockets in various distribution sub (23C, 23F, 23I, 23T, 23Z, for example), with upper and lower hydraulic turbines (112) installed between intersecting passages that create fluid communication. Energy from one flow of a fluid mixture can partially be transferred to another through a shaft (113) connecting two devices to turbines or impellers (112), for example, energy expansion of gas from an underground storage cavity, which rotates one impeller, also rotates another impeller, which can used for pumping water to a storage cavity for dissolution mining operations and, conversely, the fluid pumped into the cavity during dissolution mining helps to extract storage fluid or brine from caverns. For example, the gas expansion temperature can be reduced by decreasing decompression of the storage gas, while the extraction periods that are achievable during the seasonal release from the cavity increase until the equipment is closed at minimum operating temperatures. If a change in rotational speeds between the impellers is required, for example, when expanding gas passing through one turbine drives another fluid pumping impeller with the required higher torque, gear transmission devices such as a planetary gear can be used in the casing (114).

On Fig and 31, shows a diagram of a distribution sub (23F) Fig.21-26, forming an embodiment of a system (70U) of pipe columns, Fig.30, and a distribution sub (23F Fig.21-26), combined with a distribution sub (23I Fig. 32-34; 23T Fig. 6, 11-12 and 54-58; 23Z Fig. 38; 23S Fig. 10 and 42-44; and 23V Fig. 71-73) and configured in various devices for playback controlled by a valve system (70W) of pipe columns of an embodiment of FIG. The figures include various applicable flow paths and changes in fluid mixture flows with a variety of valve configurations (74), with additional embodiments possible with the addition of pipes, passages and valves.

On Fig in the system (70U) of pipe columns shows the flow F1, flowing axially upward at the lower end of the concentric passage (24) and passing above the flow regulator (61), below the upper valve (74A), in the upper end of the passage closest to the center line (25). In addition, the Figure shows a flow F2 extending axially downward into the upper end of the concentric passage (24) and passing below the flow regulator (61), above the lower valve (74B), to continue passage through the lower end of the passage closest to the center line (25) .

On Fig in the system (70W) of pipe columns shows the flow F1, flowing axially down to the upper end of the closest to the center line of the passage and passing above the upper flow regulator (61) below the upper valve (74A) to the lower end of the concentric passage (24). In addition, the figure shows a flow F2 extending axially upward into the lower end of the additional concentric passage (24A) and passing above the lower flow regulator (61), above the lower valve (74C) into the passage (25) closest to the center line and passing below again the upper flow regulator (61) to the upper end of the concentric passage (24). Additionally, the Figure includes a stream F3 extending axially upward through the lower end of the passage closest to the center line (25) and passing below the lower flow regulator (61) to continue passing through the upper end of the additional concentric passage (24A). All flows (F1, F2, F3) can be controlled by selectively controlled valves (74A, 74B, 74C) of the passage closest to the center line (25).

Figs. 32, 33 and 34 show a plan view, a longitudinal section and a section view in isometry, respectively, dashed lines show invisible surfaces and broken lines show the removed section sections of Fig. 33 along the HH line of Fig. 32, in isometric view of Fig. 34 embodiments of a distribution sub (23I) with additional intermediate concentric passages (24A, 24B of FIG. 32). The Figures show the inner pipe (2), the intermediate pipe (2A) and the outer pipe (2B) forming the passage closest to the center line (25), the intermediate concentric passage (24) and additional intermediate concentric passages that can be used to communicate with the fluid .

Depending on the number of intermediate passages between the passage (25) closest to the center line and the concentric passage (24A), which can be in fluid communication with the radial passage (75), one passage (24X) or several passages (24Y) separated to exclude fluid communication the medium between them can pass through the distribution sub (23I) without being diverted for fluid communication between one passage (24) or several upper and lower intermediate passages. The third passageway (24Z), which is separated to exclude fluid communication, can create a fluid communication from the concentric passage (24A) through the throttle openings (59) of the radial passage (75) to the passage (25) closest to the center line on opposite sides of the receptacle (45) to connect the flow regulator. The connection of the flow regulator in the receiving socket (45) between the throttle openings (59) of the radial passage can be used to divert or transfer all or part of the flow of the fluid mixture, communicating through the passage closest to the center line (25) and connected by the fluid, positions (59, 75) concentric passage (24 A).

Figs. 35 and 36 show plan views with line I-I and a longitudinal section along line I-I, respectively, tearing lines show distant portions of an embodiment of a selector (47A) of a controller channel (61). The embodiment shown can be used to selectively divert a fluid stream and / or additional flow controllers through a plurality of throttle openings. The Figures show the branching of the wall of the upper twin packer (22) into a plurality of throttle holes (59) with guide surfaces (87), which can be used for additional throttle holes of the connecting chamber (43 of Fig. 38) for transmitting devices and / or fluids. The channel selector (47) can be connected in the receiving socket (45B) for installation with cuffs (60) connecting to the corresponding receiving socket (45 of Fig. 38). The walls of the upper and lower twin packer (22) can be used to control the flow of throttle openings (23, 59 of Fig. 38) surrounding a pipe with a fluid channel passing through, for example, an internal one-way valve (84) or another internal regulator (61 ) a stream to facilitate the installation, removal and / or use of the channel selector.

On Fig, shows a plan view with a J-J line above the longitudinal section along the J-J line, the line of the gap shows the remote section of the channel selector (47) and flow control (61). The Figure shows the guide surface (87) for fluids or devices passing through the throttle hole (59) of the channel selector, which can be combined with the corresponding connecting chamber (43 of Fig. 38, for example), while the wall of the guide surface (87) can block access to the additional throttle aperture and the output channel axially aligned with the passage closest to the center line and / or other radially located additional throttle bores. The extension of the outer wall of the channel selector (47) can also form a twin packer (22), which can be used to block adjacent throttle openings of the distribution sub (23, 59 of Fig. 38).

Figs. 32-34, 38, and 42-44 show distribution sub (23) that can be used to divert the flow between the passage closest to the center line (25) through the intermediate concentric passage (24) into the passage extending radially outward such as an additional concentric passage (24A) or a passage surrounding the outer pipe (2A). The radial passage (75) contains passages (24X, 24Y) or a pipe channel (39) that are separated with the exception of fluid communication.

On Fig shows a plan view with a line K-K above the longitudinal section along the line K-K of the embodiment of the distribution sub (23Z), in the system (70G) of pipe columns, the broken lines show the remote sections. The figure shows the connecting chamber (43) with three radially arranged pipes (39) of the output channels with sections (46) on the surrounding concentric pipe (2A), forming radial passages (75), connecting through the throttle holes (59) of the radial passage with the camera ( 41) to form the channel closest to the center line (25) with the fourth pipe (39) of the output channel, axially aligned with the upper inner passage (25), which is shown connected to the lower end of the inner pipe (2) and concentrically located in the concentric pipe e (2A). The Figure shows a distribution sub (23Z) with a flow diversion device (21), and the ends (90) of the distribution sub (23Z) can be connected between the pipes of the pipe string system (70G).

An example of a tubular string system (70) has sub (23) a plurality of adjacent passages with throttle openings (59), axially below the connecting chamber (43) with the corresponding receiving sockets (45) for connecting flow controllers such as selectors (47A Fig. 35- 36 or 47 of Fig. 37) of the channel or dual packers (22 of Fig. 39-41). Devices can divert fluid from a passage closest to the center line (25) to a concentric passage (24) through adjacent throttle bore passages (23) (59) by blocking a portion of the passage closest to the center line (25), or devices can prevent communication between passages spacing throttle holes (59).

An example of organizing a fluid mixture stream includes injecting a fluid (31) through an upper end channel (25) closest to the centerline and diverting it using a channel selector (47A Fig. 36-36) through three radial passages (75) into a passage, surrounding the outer pipe (2A). The fluid flow (34) passing through the lower passage closest to the center line (25) can go to positions (23) on the throttle openings (59) of the adjacent passage below the channel selector and continue to move axially upward, position (34) in the concentric passage (24).

On Fig, 40, and 41, shows a plan view, sections and types of parts with an increase, respectively, with a section in the line of selection of the parts M Fig.40, section along the LL line of Fig.39, with an increase in Fig.41 adapted known a flow regulator (61), which can be used as a channel selector (47A). The figure shows a dual packer (22) with a flow regulator connection (96), shown as an example, as an integrated sleeve (60) with a spring-loaded locking device (144) to prevent displacement during fluid communication. The installation receiving socket (45B) can be used to connect and lower the device through the passage closest to the center line to connect to the corresponding receiving socket.

The inner channel (25) of the twin packer section (22) can be used as a radial passage when the blocked throttle openings of the distribution sub (23S Figs. 42-44, for example) or the internal channels can open, or be partially or completely blocked for selective removal of fluid media into the throttle holes (59) in the wall of the twin packer (22), applicable as a fixed fitting and / or protection against cutting the seal surfaces in which the twin packer or channel selector are connected. Seals (66), for example, chevron seals (97), can be used to block the flow passing through the walls of the twin packer (22), or to divert a protective and / or fixed fitting through the throttle holes (59). Any orientation tool suitable for underground use, for example, with dowels and grooves or spiral surfaces, can be used to combine a fixed fitting and / or protective throttle holes (59) of the channel selector (47A) with radial pipe passages (39) of the output channels.

Figs. 42, 43 and 44 show a plan view, a longitudinal section and a section view in isometric, respectively, with a section in Fig. 43 along the NN line of Fig. 42 and sections in isometric in Fig. 44, of an embodiment of a distribution sub (23S ) In the Figures, the dashed line shows an additional concentric pipe (2B), which can be used to form an additional concentric passage (24A of Fig. 42) around the concentric pipe (2), which is shown connected to an adapted connecting chamber (43) to form a concentric passage (24) through which the pipe (39) of the output channels with internal radial passages (75) can create a fluid communication between the passage (25) closest to the axial line and the additional passage (24A of Fig. 42) or surrounding the pathway formed when the layout is established in the passage through the underground strata. The arrangement can be connected between the pipes of the pipe string system at the upper and lower ends (90). An axially aligned pipe (39) of the output channel of the diameter closest to the center line of the channel (25) can be located directly below the radially protruding pipe (39) of the output channel, while the channel selector (47A Fig. 39-41) can be connected to the receiving socket (45) for selectively controlling the fluid flow passing through the radial passages (75) and installed through an axially aligned pipe of the outlet channel for connection with another distribution sub.

Flow controllers (61) can be used as a channel selector (47A). For example, the dual packer (22) of Figs. 39-41 may be mounted and connected to the internal receptacle (45B) for connecting to the receptacle (45) of the distribution sub. The flow regulator can be used to form an axially aligned radial passage (75A), which can be separated to prevent fluid from communicating from the radial passages (75) using various seals (66), including, for example, lockable seals (97), which can used to hold pressure around throttle openings (59) to protect against cutting by the flow and / or abrasive action of the fluid mixture. On Fig and 44 shows the connection (96) of the flow regulator, which can be used to orient the throttle hole (59) of the channel selector in the channel passages.

Comparisons shown in FIGS. 3, 6, 9-14, 16-38, 42-44, of various distribution sub (23) having a plurality of concentric pipes (2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 39, 148, 149) of the upper end and lower end, with shown in Figs. 45-73, distribution sub (23) having a plurality of concentric pipes of the upper end and a plurality of concentric and / or non-concentric pipes (2, 39, 148, 149, 150) of the lower end, show a row embodiments with different devices of axially parallel and / or concentric pipes in one main trunk, which can vary with the distribution sub of the present invention. Pipes in a single bore in formations from, for example, conventional wellhead equipment and fountain fittings or wellhead equipment and fountain fittings with conventional concentric pipes, for example, can be connected to concentric and / or non-concentric pipes to form one main trunk, which can further connected to a distribution sub and / or a connecting chamber with a plurality of pipes at a lower end to form a system of pipe columns.

Figures 45 and 46 also show isometric and isometric enlarged views, respectively, the dashed lines show invisible surfaces and in the lines of extraction of part P, an embodiment of the connection chamber (43) is shown. The connecting chamber (43) shown comprises a chamber (41) and output channel pipes (39) connected by the position (44) with passages (25) closest to the center line extending downward from the bottom (42) of the chamber, which can be used for the methods (CS2 of FIG. .5, for example) construction. A selector connection (47 of FIG. 47, for example) of a channel is applicable for drilling and / or communicating with a fluid. The upper end (90) of the connecting chamber may be connected to the pipe of the plurality of concentric pipes of the pipe column system, with lower ends connecting to the plurality of pipe columns.

On Fig shows an isometric view of the flow controller (61) with a channel selector (47), which can be used with the connecting chamber Fig.45-46 and 48-50, dashed lines show invisible surfaces. The Figure shows a guide surface (87) for devices and / or fluids transmitted by a throttle hole (88), connected to the pipe channel of the output channel by means of an installation, for example, with a connection (45B) in the receiving socket, which can be combined with a groove ( 65) and a corresponding key that can be fixed to the connecting chamber, the lower end being connected to the bottom of the connecting chamber.

Figures 48, 49 and 50 show an isometric view with lines for highlighting parts Q and R, with an enlarged view in part Q of Fig. 48 and with an enlarged view of part R of Fig. 48, respectively, dashed lines show the invisible surfaces of an embodiment of the connecting chamber (43). The shown connecting chamber (43) includes an upper end (90) that can be connected to the pipes of one main shaft and installed in or used to drill a passage in the formations and drill a drill bit at the lower end of the casing or shoe (125) of the expander. After installing the pipes (39) of the output channels, they can be used as main barriers (149) for connecting, for example, suspension shanks or packers with a secondary barrier (148), which extends downward from the chamber (41). Fluid-communicating throttling openings (59) of pipes (150, as shown in FIG. 67)) can be used to combine channel selectors or connecting subsequent connecting chambers and communicating with fluid through throttling openings (59 of the lower end associated with the drill bit or shoe (125) of the reamer during drilling or installation.After installation, the guide surface of the channel selector can be used to install drilling assemblies through the pipe (39) of the output channels, for the side-hole cutting device (124) on the lower end, which can be additionally used for separation in the plan and separation of the excluded fluid between the separated wellbores under one main trunk.

On Fig, 52 and 53 shows an isometric view from above of the side view, and the front view of the side, respectively, dotted lines show the invisible surface of the selector (47) of the channel regulator (61) flow. The shown channel selector (47) of the flow regulator (61) can be used with connecting chambers similar to those shown in Figs. 54-58, with a guide surface (87) for devices and / or fluids, while the connection (96) of the flow regulator, shown as a helical aligned spindle, can be used to orient the throttle hole (59) of the channel selector into the passage of the output channel. The figure includes a receiving receptacle (45B) aligned with the channel closest to the center line in the guide surface, which can be used to install and remove the channel selector.

On Fig-58, an embodiment of a distribution sub (23T), applicable as a pipe string system (76H), which can be used to minimize frictional flow resistance in high speed or high erosion environments.

On Fig shows an isometric view of an adapted distribution sub (23T) of the connecting chamber corresponding to Fig.55-58. On Fig shows the inner concentric pipe string (2), the outer concentric pipe string (2A) or the second pipe of the main trunk with ends (90) connected to the pipe columns of one main trunk. The connecting chamber (43) can be adapted to form a manifold (43A) with the addition of a blister for receiving sockets and a radial passage (75) located between the pipes (39) of the output channels and the bottom (42) of the connecting chamber around which the upper outer concentric pipe string extends (2A) and fluidly coupled to the blister.

On Fig and 57 shows a top plan view from the longitudinal sections along the lines S-S and T-T, respectively, the tear lines show the remote layout sections corresponding to the isometric views of the sections in Fig and 58 distribution sub (23T) Fig. 54. In the Figures, for example, the installation of the flow control element is shown in the form of a blocking plug (25A) installed and removed on the cable (11 of Fig. 16), which can be lowered and raised through the passage (25) of the inner concentric pipe string (2) closest to the center line (2) channel surface of the selector (47 Fig. 51-53), which can be used to complete the guide surface (87) closest to the center line of the passage of the connecting chamber, excluding other output channels. The outlet flow control element can be connected to a receiving socket (45) of a nipple profile to block fluid communication through the passage (25) of the outlet channel pipe (39) closest to the axial line.

The flow (F1) of the concentric passage (24) is in fluid communication, through a radial passage blister (75) with the lower end of the pipe (39) of one passage of the output channel, with the pipe (39) of the opposite output channel communicating with the flow medium (F2) with the chamber 41) and the passage (25) of the chamber (41) closest to the center line.

The connected flow in the manifold (43A) of the connecting chamber (41) from both output channels (39) can operate with the installation of a twin packer (22 Fig. 39-40 without fitting throttle holes) in the throttle hole (59) of the radial passage (75).

On Fig and 58, isometric views are shown with sections corresponding to Figs. 55 and 57 and the break lines of the distribution sub (23T) of Fig. 54. The Figure shows isometric views with different orientations of the radial passage blister (75) around the flow regulator (61), shown as a blocking plug (25A).

Other flow control elements, such as a pressure-activated one-way valve, can be used to deliver a substantially lower relative density fluid stream from the concentric passage (24) to a higher relative density stream from the outlet duct pipe to reduce hydrostatic pressure a second well and thus increasing the feed rate and / or creating depression.

For dissolution mining operations, a distribution sub (23T) can be used to separate the flow of brine and extract brine, without allowing the fluid to communicate with each other, while maintaining access to the passage closest to the center line to drain other devices, such as shearing devices or measuring devices to measure the shape of the brine cavities or crimping the shoe of the last casing string with cementing.

Distribution sub (23T) Figs. 54-58 may adapt with additional pipes comprising, for example, a sub (23 Fig. 38) of a throttle bore of an adjacent passage across a throttle bore (59) of a radial passage (75) of an outlet duct pipe (39), or to concentric and supporting pipes Fig. 71-73, for the formation of a distribution sub (23V Fig. 71-73). Access to the aisle closest to the center line passages (150, as shown in FIG. 67) of the flow below the chamber (41) is not required. Alternatively, the number of additional pipes (39) of the output channels can be increased from two to four by adapting an additional connecting chamber with additional throttling holes aligned with the supporting pipes (150, as shown in Fig. 67) of the flow to create access to their closest to the axial line aisle.

Figures 59-71 show various configurations and / or devices for an embodiment of the construction method (CS8). Embodiments of the method (CS8) can be applied to a plurality of output channel devices (39) that can be selectively accessible through a connection chamber (43) with one or more channel selectors (47) connected to a corresponding plurality of additional throttle openings. Additional pipes (150) that support fluid communication with one main barrel can be installed near the pipes of the output channels of the connecting chamber device, for example, to create a fluid communication with concentric passages that do not require access to the channel closest to the center line, or to combine selectors channels or connections of pipe devices with large cross-sectional areas and corresponding efforts in case of violation of the main barrier (149), while an applicable secondary barrier (148) is available .

The well-known expandable metal intersections described above and shown in FIG. 4 and conventional multilateral wells are generally not able to create sidetracks with two barriers, a main pipe (2, 39, 149) and a secondary pipe (2A, 148), with appropriate applicable concentric or annular passages for monitoring pressure between these barriers through fluid communication. Concentric passages between pipe pressure barriers can be used for various corresponding downhole operations, for example, circulating a killing fluid of higher relative density for a failed main pipe barrier (2, 39, 149).

Pipe string systems (70, 76) and / or distribution sub (23) can be used in construction method (C8) to create selective control of pressure fluid communication in and around these barriers for one or more wells below one main wellbore through one wellhead equipment and fountain fittings, for example, to create one underwater fountain fittings that can be used with gas lift and / or water injection for production from several wells. Alternatively, use cases may include selectively controlling multiple wells, one or more underground storage caverns during dissolution mining and / or underground storage operations.

On Fig shows an isometric view of the device (146) of the selector (47) channel layout (145A) of the upper connecting chamber, and the layout (145B) of the lower connecting chamber for the method (CS8) construction. The pipe above the upper connection (137) is removed to show the selector (47) of the channel of Figs. 63-64, which can be installed through one main barrel and connected to the upper connecting chamber (43) of Figs. 61 and Figs. 66-67 connected by the connecting device (137) with the lower connecting chamber (43) shown in the plan view of Fig. 60, while the entire arrangement (146) is shown in the plan view of Fig. 62.

On Fig, 61, and 62, shows the plan view of the layout (145B) of the lower connecting chamber, the layout (145A) of the upper connecting chamber and the fully assembled device (146) of Fig. 59, respectively. The Figures show a preferred construction method (CS8) with a connecting chamber (43) of Fig. 60 of a similar construction with connecting chambers of Figs. 45-46 and 48, and without overlapping the inner diameters of the output channels to create a separation to prevent fluid from guiding surfaces (87) ) output channels and passages (25) closest to the center line with fluid pipes (150, as shown in FIG. 67). Fluid-communicating pipes can be used for communicating with a fluid, for example, with passages (24X, 24Y, and 24Z) separated from each other to prevent fluid from communicating from one circumferential concentric passage, or used as receptacles (45A) for a channel selector similar to that shown in FIG. In addition, fluid communication pipes may be used to connect and / or create fluid communication with the upper connection chamber (43), as shown in FIG. 61. The inner diameters of the output channels overlap in the form of a clover leaf, which can be used with the channel selector, Fig.63-64, to select the rightmost passage of the output channel, as shown in the plan view of Fig.62. An extension (48) of the guide surfaces (87) of the channel selector can be connected in the form of a clover leaf to complete the perimeter of the rightmost channel.

On Fig, 64 and 65 shows a plan view, a longitudinal section and a section view in isometric, respectively, of the selector (47) of the channel of the flow regulator (61) of Figs. 59 and 62, the broken lines show the distant sections in Fig. 64 of a section along line VV Fig.63 and sectional view in isometric Fig.65. The figures show a guide surface (87) extending to an extension cord (48), which can be used to complete, for example, the perimeter of the output channels of the connecting chamber of Fig. 61 for lowering and raising devices and / or for communicating with the selected channel fluid, excluding other channels. The channel selector (47) can be rotated into different channels and connected by connecting devices (96) to the receiving sockets (45A of Fig. 61).

On Fig, 66 and 67, shows a plan view, a longitudinal section and a sectional view in isometric, respectively, of the connecting chamber (43) of the construction method (CS8), the broken lines show the remote sections in Fig.66 in section along the line UU of Fig. .61, isometric sections of Fig. 67 of the layout of the upper connecting chamber (43) Figs. 59 and 62. The Figures show a connecting device (137) of the upper end, which can be connected to the pipe of one main barrel, and a connecting device (137) of the lower end which can be connected, for example, with the upper end of the lower a single chamber Figs. 59-60 or another arrangement in one main barrel. The chamber (41) and the output channels (39) can form pipes of the main barrier (149) with lower end sets of seals (66) connected to the upper ends of the channels of Fig. 60 in the secondary pipe barrier (148). The fluid, for example, from the annular spaces of the lower end corresponding to the borehole passing from the connecting chamber (43 of Fig. 60), can be communicated through fluid-supporting measurement pipes (150) (13 of Fig. 1) on the wellhead equipment at upper end of one main trunk.

FIGS. 68, 69, and 70 show plan views of various examples of combinations of pipe configurations with conventional sizes, including main barrier configurations with four 13 3/8 inch (35 cm) diameter pipes, three 13 3/8 inch diameter pipes ( 35 cm), and two tubes with a diameter of 13 3/8 inch (35 cm), respectively, of the construction method (CS8), which can be used to adapt the connecting chambers Figs. 45-46, 48-50, 54-58, 59-62 and 66-67. On Fig shows four pipes with an outer diameter of 13 3/8 inch (35 cm) of the main barrier (149) in the pipe with an outer diameter of 36 inches (91 cm) with a secondary pipe barrier (148) with five pipes with an outer diameter of 5 inches (13 cm) supporting fluid communication under pressure pipes (150). On Fig shows three pipes with an outer diameter of 13 3/8 inch (35 cm) of the main barrier (149) in the pipe with an outer diameter of 32 inches (81 cm) of the secondary pipe barrier (148), with three pipes with an outer diameter of 6 inches (15 cm) supporting fluid communication under pressure pipes (150). On Fig shows two pipes with an outer diameter of 13 3/8 inch (35 cm) of the main barrier (149) in the pipe with an outer diameter of 30 inches (76 cm) of the secondary pipe barrier (148), with four pipes with an outer diameter of 5 inch (13 cm) and two pipes with an outer diameter of 8 5/8 in. (22 cm) supporting fluid communication under pipe pressure (150). The examples of external and internal diameters shown are configurable to create different design speeds for pressurized fluid communication with annular spaces between the outer diameters of the pipes (149, 150) and in the inner diameter of the secondary barrier pipe (148), also applicable for fluid communication .

Well construction and operation practices generally dictate the use of a conventional pipe gauge to ensure the use of conventional tools and devices. Such use includes conventional flow controllers that can be installed through the passage of the present invention closest to the center line, while pipes with an outer diameter of 13 3/8 inch (35 cm) can usually be used for an intermediate casing, and they can be conceptual the point below which there is a large selection of conventional devices for combinations of underground pressures, device diameters and device cross-sectional areas. However, when using pipes with an outer diameter above 13 3/8 inch (35 cm), the pipe pressures applied to the enlarged cross-sectional areas generally give significant forces that limit the possibilities of using conventional devices.

In an embodiment of the construction method (CS8) of the present invention, a secondary barrier (148) is created that can support pipes and a space device suitable for selectively controlling pressurized underground fluid flows if the primary barrier (149) fails. For example, in the suspension and packer devices of FIGS. 3, 6 or 12 or the connecting chambers of FIGS. 59-62, 66-67 and 71, where the pressures applied to large cross-sectional areas are regulated by pipes (150), applicable as durable or tubular type connecting devices for fastening pipe assemblies with large cross-sectional areas and for acting with balancing the pressure of the passages to exclude the application of pressure on large cross-sectional areas. In addition, these large cross-sectional areas can act as pressure relief passages in case of violation of the main barrier (149) to limit the pressures installed on the secondary barrier, for example, connecting pipes with an underground formation with a hydraulic fracture gradient, less than a secondary barrier for formation in underground layers pressure relief mechanism.

Reduced diameters and corresponding higher design pressures of the pressure relief pipes (150) of the construction method (CS8) can be used with the plates, separating the passage between the pipes (149, 150) and the inner diameter of the secondary barrier (148) to prevent fluid communication. Integral plates can be used to strengthen and improve the tightness of a large diameter secondary barrier (148) with pressure relief pipes (150) that transfer fluid pressure to flow regulators to relieve pressure in the event of a violation of the main barrier to the pressure absorption manifold or pressure equalization mechanism for, at use, prevent violation of the secondary barrier before repairing the primary barrier.

On Fig, 72, 73 and 74, shown in the plan is an embodiment of a distribution sub (23V), a longitudinal section, isometric views of sections and types of parts with magnification, respectively, the broken lines show the remote areas in Fig.72 section along the line WW .71, sections in isometric view of Fig. 73, details with an increase in the line of selection X in Fig. 74. The illustrated distribution sub (23V) of the embodiment is adapted from the manifold (23T) of the connecting chamber of FIGS. 54-58. The Figures show a construction method (CS8) with an additional concentric pipe (2D of Fig. 71), shown by a dashed line, applicable as a secondary barrier to form a concentric passage (24C) around the main barriers. As shown, the main barriers comprise a pipe (2C) forming a concentric passage (24B) around the concentric pipe (2B), which forms an intermediate concentric passage (24A) around the concentric pipe (2A) that surrounds the intermediate concentric passage (24) located around closest to the centerline of the pipe (2) and closest to the centerline of the passage (25). The upper ends (90) of the pipes are shown connecting to the concentric pipes of one main barrel, and the lower ends (90) are shown connecting to, for example, pipes of intersection wells or other pipes of the same main barrel, as shown in Fig. 68.

Concentric pipes (2, 2A) closest to the axial line of the upper end can be connected to the intersection (43) of the chamber (41), forming pipes (39) of the output channels of the lower end, which can communicate with the fluid through a radial passage (75) with an intermediate concentric passage (24) located around the pipe nearest to the centerline (2). Concentric pipes farthest from the centerline (2B, 2C), separating concentric passages (24A, 24B) to prevent fluid from communicating with each other, can pass into radially spaced sealed pipes (150) of fluid communication between each other to exclude fluid from each other lower end.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 6, 9-14 and 17-73, embodiments of the present invention provide methods and devices of a system of pipe columns (70, 76), which are distribution sub (23), valves (74), controllers (61 ) flow and control and / or measurement lines (79) that can be used in the device with any configuration and can be installed in one main barrel, and / or be oriented for selective control under pressure of the flow of a fluid mixture of one or more essentially hydrocarbon and / or essentially water kvazhin from one main wellbore during well construction and / or downhole operations.

On Fig, shows a view of a longitudinal section through the underground layers of the underground cavity of the liquid storage and ground devices with a brine pool. The Figure shows concentric pipes (2, 2A) passing through a passage in underground formations (52), containing casing strings and a channel in the formations forming a tube-like space above the cavity with walls (1A) formed in salt deposits (5). Pipe columns are used brine communication with the pool for storage and displacement of fluids into the cavity and from the cavity; in this case, after the initial drying of the cavity, the state of the art provides for the displacement of the stored liquid only with brine.

Terrestrial and underground components containing a passage through underground formations (52) passing into a salt deposit (5) are described below for a conventional project (CM3 Fig. 80) for dissolving and storing gas according to a conventional completion (CM4 Fig. 79) design.

Storage fluids can be injected (31) into the upper space in the walls (1A) of the cavity to displace the brine (34) from the lower end space, below substantially the level of the water surface (117) of the partition, into the brine pool (152) or other storage facility brine, such as another underground storage cavern.

In comparison, the state of the art may include storing saturated brine in an underground cavity after displacing the storage fluid. However, the generation of a brine for displacement (1T) during simultaneous extraction by dissolution and storage operations (1S Figs. 76, 80 and 81), for example, storing liquids in the buffer of the brine and storage tank and with the stored brine functioning as a surface section in the fluid communication through the U-shaped pipe, with brine at the lower end of the gas storage buffer of the brine collector and storage, is not common practice.

The ground devices of pumps (116) and motors, with ground manifolds (155) containing pipes and valves, can be used to perform the operations of pumping or extracting from the spaces in the walls (1A) of the cavern, pool (152) of brine or other storage facilities. The Figure shows the use of a pumping pipe (153) in communication with pumps (116) with engines to extract fluid from a brine pool (152). In addition, Fig. 74 shows ground-based devices of pumps (116) with motors in communication with pipe (154) for storage operations, suitable for displacing stored fluids.

Storage fluids may be expelled (34) from the upper end of the space in the walls of the cavity (1A) by injecting brine (31) into the lower end of the space below substantially the level of the water surface (117) of the partition from the brine pool (152) or another brine storage spaces through ground manifolds (155) using pumps (116) and motors.

Figures 75, 76, and 80-83 show embodiments (1T, 157) of the present invention, where storage caverns (158) are in fluid communication with brine reservoirs (159) through a U-shaped pipe device, both of which represent reservoirs (158, 159) of brine and storage. The brine tanks (159) can be used to produce brine during the operations of displacing the storage product from the caverns (158) and brine storage operations, until the brine (159) reaches the brine and / or cavity (158) storage, when an unsaturated brine is obtained with the maximum effective stable diameter ; after which, caverns (158, 159) can be used for fully saturated brine and / or storage product at depths corresponding to the maximum effective diameter.

Brine tanks (159) can be used to improve the economy at the net present value of developing large salt storage caverns, by creating a continuous brine displacement fluid during operations (1, 1S) by dissolving the brine tank (159), for displacing the cavern product (158 ) underground storage, or displacement by the product of a cavity (158) of storage of the unsaturated brine into the brine tank (159). After that, brine and storage tanks (158, 159) can be used interchangeably, like storage caverns (158) or brine generation caverns (159), suitable for fluids of an unsaturated or fully saturated brine, to separate the storage of substantially fluid aqueous fluids salt solution, essentially with hydrocarbon fluids of a different consumption cycle, for example, crude oil, diesel fuel and / or gasoline from, for example, natural gas of the opposite consumption cycle.

Embodiments of the present invention (1T) may be used with another device (21, 23, 23F and 70R of Fig. 80, for example) and methods (C03, CS4, C06 and C07 of Fig. 80 and 81, for example) for selective access to fluids between a plurality of fluid separation surfaces (117 and / or 117A) to enable selective access to various products of different relative densities that can be stored in one or a plurality of underground salt caverns of brine and storage tanks.

On Fig schematically shows a longitudinal section through underground formations for an embodiment of the method (1T) operation of the cavity (158) storage with brine from the underground brine tank (159). The Figure shows a U-shaped device between wells, where a heavier brine is located at the lower end of both caverns and is located below the substantially water interface (117) transferred from one cavity to another by operating pressures (WP1-WP2). The dashed lines in the cavities represent the imaginary device of the U-shaped pipe, with brine or other heavier storage fluids of increased density, gravitationally separated and located below lighter fluids, essentially with an aqueous interface (117) and / or interface ( 117A) a fluid that can be stored in the upper buffer portion of each brine tank and brine storage cavity (158, 159).

The brine tank (159) is developed (1) by dissolution, and / or used for storage during development (1S) by dissolution, to produce a brine that can be discharged (34) through the disposal pipe (153A) until, for example, the cavern cover is reached for operation caverns (159) underground storage. The brine is extracted from the carrier tank (159) through a transfer pipe (153) and a device with a U-shaped pipe, with a salt saturation level, with a continuous supply of brine, depending on the temperature, pressure, volume and residence time of the discharge water (31) passing through a pipe (156) for feeding brine into the reservoir (159), and in this case, falling essentially on the water surface (117) of the section.

During production (1) by dissolution, water can be supplied through a feed pipe (156) with any fluid, for example, compressed air, nitrogen, diesel fuel, salt inert and / or other stored products. Water can be pumped (31) through the supply pipe (156) into the buffer above the substantially water interface (117) of the partition or the interface (117A) of the fluids of the brine tank (159) during combined production and storage operations (1S) for production pressure (WP1) to the interface (117 or 117A) of the section, which, through the device with a U-shaped pipe, displaces (34) the brine through the disposal pipe (153A) or pumps (31) the brine through the transfer pipe (153) into the lower the end of the underground storage cavity (159) that produces working pressure (WP2) to the surface (117 or 117A) of the fluid section for displacing (34) the stored fluid from the underground storage cavity (158) into the storage pipe or pipeline (154).

Working pressures (WP1, WP2) may depend on hydrostatic and dynamic pressures for stationary and moving fluid columns in caverns, with various possible levels of brine saturation and liquids or gases stored both in the buffer and above or below surfaces (117, 117A ) a section of substantially aqueous or fluid environments.

If compressible fluids, such as air, nitrogen, or natural gas, are used to apply operating pressure (WP1), the subsequent release of compressed fluid can be used to drive, for example, turbines or air motors, which can additionally be used to facilitate storage operations. The heat transfer (160) from the compression of the fluids can be additionally used to heat the cavity and partially compensate for the decrease in temperature associated with the development of dissolution and / or expansion of the compressed fluid.

If one or more fluids and / or storage products of lower relative density are placed in a cavity, the fluids should be gravitationally separated, provided there is a sufficient residence time, from a heavier brine placed in a U-shaped pipe between the lower ends of both caverns (158, 159 ), and form one or more lower relative density fluid interfaces (117 or 117A), for example, separated fluids in an in-tube projectile operation.

Conventional completions (CM5 of Fig. 81) with two pipe columns can be used for operation with the device of one essentially water surface (117) section in each cavity. Alternatively, two pipe completion columns may be used to operate systems (70 of Fig. 80) of pipe columns with concentric pipe columns (2, 2A of Fig. 80), instead of one column (2), as shown, for selective access to a plurality of gravitationally separated fluid media between a plurality of fluid separation surfaces (117 and 117A), with distribution sub (21 and 23 of FIG. 80) forming part of a pipe string system in each of the caverns (158, 159).

Water can be pumped (31) into the pipe (156) for developing and / or storing the brine tank (159) with a salt-inert fluid, such as nitrogen, hydrocarbon gas or diesel fuel, which can be placed and floated above the pumped water to protect the shoe last casing string with cementing. Water can be used to produce brine by dissolving the salt by methods similar to those described above and shown in Figs. 76, 80 and 81, for displacing the buffer of the upper end of the storage cavity (158) during extraction operations from the storage.

In gas storage caverns, for example, it is possible to extract (34) storage gas from the cavity (158) with a significantly reduced temperature drop by displacement to control the volume, maintaining the pressure of the compressed gas using the brine extracted from the brine reservoir (159) through the connecting U- a shaped tube (153), when filling (31) the brine tank with water to obtain additional brine.

For storage of liquid or gas, brine displacement can be used during the consumption cycle when developing by dissolving a brine reservoir. The brine from the storage cavity (158) can be disposed of, for example, into the ocean, followed by re-filling the cavity with the storage product, while continuing to dissolve the salt or extract the brine in the reservoir (159). Alternatively, the brine may be forced back into the brine tank, displacing the storage buffer (1S) and / or undersaturated brine in the brine tank.

If compressed air or nitrogen was used to supply brine through a U-shaped pipe from the brine tank (159) to displacement fluids (34), such as gas from the storage cavity (158), then compressed air or nitrogen in the brine tank (159) may used to drive a turbine or air motor to facilitate storage operations and can be released into the atmosphere.

The brine tank can be used to form a brine continuously during displacement operations if the water is a displacement fluid, and the salt concentration is a function of residence time, pressure and temperature. Partially saturated brine can be used to minimize dissolution of salt in the storage cavity (158) during combined dissolution mining, and storage operations (1S), provided that there is a sufficient effective diameter for such under-saturation displacements until the cavity is critical for stability.

After loading (31) into storage, for example, of crude oil, gasoline or diesel fuel in the right brine cavity (159) in the upper end buffer with brine supplied through a U-shaped pipe, which is partially and / or completely saturated, into the cavity (158) storage for gas displacement during high winter seasonal consumption and lower seasonal consumption of crude oil, gasoline and / or diesel fuel, drying of the cavern (158) with compressed natural gas may follow during spring or summer seasonal low gas consumption, using feeding a saturated or partially saturated brine through a U-shaped pipe back to the brine tank (159) to displace untreated oil, gasoline and / or diesel fuel during the spring or summer seasonal high consumption cycle.

The displacement of a partially saturated brine between salt caverns can be applied to achieve the maximum effective diameter for the stability of the salt cavern at the corresponding underground depths in the brine tank (159), applicable for storing brine and / or products and a storage cavern (158) applicable for storing brine and / or products. One or more fluid separation surfaces (117A) may be present between products of differing relative densities, effectively floating over one another. Fluids between interfaces of different fluids may be available to the pipe string system (70 of FIG. 80).

On Fig, shows a schematic side view of a section through underground formations of an embodiment of a method (1T) of operating a storage cavity with an underground brine tank. The Figure shows a device with a U-shaped pipe, similar to Fig. 75, which can be used to operate a storage cavity (158) with a brine obtained by developing (1) dissolution and combined operation (1S) in a brine tank (159) with one of two pipes (2) in each cavity (158, 159). Pumps (116), turbines, engines and manifolds (155) with valves are shown and can be used for pumping fluids into and taking fluids from a salt cavity.

Various methods of extraction (1) by dissolution, containing water injection to regulate the level of the substantially water interface surface (117), applicable for raising the roof of a cavity from a fixed diameter upwards (1B-1C-1A), increasing the diameter of a cavity after extraction by decreasing with decreasing upward diameter (1B-1C-1A), or combinations thereof, can be used to form intermediate forms (147) of the cavity, applicable for combined operations (1S) of combined extraction (1) by dissolution and storage, before reaching the final design The basic scheme of walls (1A) of the cavity at the maximum effective diameter for the stability of the salt cavity.

Combined operations (1S) of storage and extraction by dissolution can take place from increasing the diameter of the cavity after extraction by dissolving with decreasing diameter in the upward direction (1B-1C-1A), for example, containing forcing (31) water from the supply pipe (156) at the upper end of the cavity below the level of the upper substantially water interface (117) shown, or, for example, from a fixed upward diameter (1B-1C-1A) with injected water (31) falling onto the lower, essentially water surface (117) ) section. Combined operations (1S) can be used to obtain a brine by dissolving salt passing between the intermediate walls (147) of the cavity and the end walls (1A) of the cavity, for operating the storage cavity (158) with fluid displacement, by obtaining (34) brine through the internal a pipe (2) of the lower end of the brine tank (159), transfer pipes (153) and a manifold (155) on the surface using ground pumps (116), applicable for pumping brine into the lower end of the storage cavity (158), through its inner pipe ( 2), getting floated storage of the product from the cavity above the substantially water surface (117) surface or section (117A) partition fluids. The working pressures (WP2) and pumping (116) can be used to move in the storage cavity (158) the substantially water partition surface (117) or the fluid partition surface (117A) upward, selectively adjusting the working pressure (WP1) using a fountain fittings to obtain (34) stored fluids from the upper end of the storage cavity (158).

The described method can be reversed by organizing the flow from the storage cavity (158) to the brine tank (159), while the product can be moved along the transfer pipe (153) or production pipe (154) from the upper or lower end of one cavity to another. The storage product from the upper end of the storage cavity (158) is generally applicable as a salt-inert extraction buffer by dissolving brine at the upper end of the storage tank (159), or the brine at the lower end of the storage cavity (158) can return to the lower end of the storage tank (159) brine.

If, for example, compressed air from a wind turbine or other compressible fluids, such as nitrogen from a nitrogen generator, are used to displace the brine from the collector (159) in the process of displacing the storage cavity (158) while re-injecting the product (31) into the cavity ( 158) storage, compressed fluids of the upper end of the brine tank (159) can be vented to the atmosphere and / or used to drive, for example, a pneumatic engine (116) on the surface or operate turbines through a manifold (155) on the surface to facilitate storage operations Niya.

Where appropriate, in various working methods between the brine tank (159) and the storage cavity (158), underground heat transfer (160) can be used in storage operations, for example, to maintain the temperature in the gas storage cavity (158), which is displaced by brine heated in underground layers during the stay in the reservoir (159) brine.

On Fig shows an example of a graphical representation of a conventional concept of increasing the applicable volume of working gas from the lower end of the vertical axis upward, with an increase in the period in years along the horizontal axis from left to right, as a result of underground heat transfer (160) to the underground gas storage cavity. The Figure shows that due to the lower temperatures of the water used in the development of dissolution over a period of years and the chemical process of dissolving the salt, the formations around the caverns are cooled below their natural state, and, for this particular example, it takes several years to return to the initial temperature.

Although the prior art can use brine displacement to extract underground storage fluid, as described above and shown in FIG. 74, the brine displacement does not use brine extrusion to extract gas stored in an underground salt cavern. Thus, the graph of FIG. 77 is applicable to explain the possible effect of cavity temperature on gas volumes in an underground salt cavern, and why brine displacement can be used to increase the working volume in the first years with lower cavity temperatures when, for example, underground safety valves are used to contain compressed gas (CS4 Fig. 80, CM5 Fig. 81).

Conventional methods of using the volume of the working gas require increasing the volume by expanding the compressed gas to extract it from the cavity with the ideal gas equation [P1 * V1) / T1 = (P2 * V2) / T2], which establishes that with an increase in volume at a relatively constant pressure, a proportional drop in temperature is realized. Since the expansion of compressed gases during extraction is used in conventional gas storage, the initial temperature transferred to the compressed gas from the cold cavity shortens the extraction period, since the decrease in the temperature of the compressed gas starts from a lower temperature. When the cavity is heated for several years, heat (160) is transferred from it to the compressed gas, causing an increase in the sampling time from the initial higher temperature of the compressed gas, thus increasing the usable volume of the working gas as shown in the graph of Fig. 77. As gas decompression begins at a higher temperature in later years, an increased volume of the cavity may be applied until the temperature limit is reached for the corresponding equipment and shoe of the last casing string with cementing corresponding to gas decompression.

Embodiments (1T of Figs. 75, 76 and 80-83) of the gas storage of the present invention increase the extraction period and apply the volume of working gas in the cold cavity by displacing the compressed gas with brine in a manner similar to the conventional method for extracting underground liquid. This is explained by the equation equation for an ideal gas [P1 * V1) / T1 = (P2 * V2) / T2], which establishes that extraction at a relatively constant pressure and volume causes a relatively constant extraction temperature. Thus, the temperature limits of the corresponding equipment and the casing shoe are not reached quickly either, and depend on the brine filling rate and gas extraction rate, and the usable gas volume increases in the early years when the cavity is cold.

In cases where volumes cannot be maintained by injecting brine during gas extraction from the storage facility and there is a cooling effect when the gas expands, extraction periods are at least increased, while the applicable working gas volume is increased.

On Fig shows an example of a graphical representation of the usual concept of using the working volume during the short cycle (161) and the longer cycle (162) consumption, the vertical axis shows the percentage of use increasing upwards, and the horizontal axis shows the number of weeks increasing from left to right for the year . The Figure shows that in normal storage operations of this example, a shorter number of weeks of consumption requires approximately 10% of the gas in the working volume of the cavity, and seasonal variations represent the full use of the working volume.

In the initial years of gas storage, in cases where the salt deposit is located at a relatively shallow depth with corresponding low temperatures, especially after years of production by dissolving and dissolving the salt, equalizing the level of short-term gas consumption requires only a fraction of the working volume and is less affected by the low initial cavity temperatures . At the same time, a lower seasonal temperature is significantly affected by lower cavity temperatures, since the entire working volume is required, and there is less working volume available, as shown in FIG. Since shallow salt caverns generally have lower temperatures than deeper depleted sand storage gas reservoirs, conventional gas supply and consumption are generally based on the use of salt caverns to smooth out short-term gas consumption peaks and depleted sand gas reservoirs less affected by temperature limits for seasonal variations in consumption.

The methods (1T Figs. 75, 76 and 80-81) of the present invention can be used to lengthen the periods of gas extraction, thereby increasing the amount of working gas available for seasonal consumption due to displacement by brine, which can eliminate the need for irretrievable buffer costs gas to counteract the slipping of salt and to maintain the integrity of the roof of the salt cavern and walls. An increase in working gas levels thus provides a means to meet seasonal demand with large gas-tight salt storage caverns, usually limited to storage facilities in depleted sand reservoirs with insufficient gas impermeability, in which the gas tightness of roof rocks and maximum saturation points cannot be tested.

For the left cavity and the conventional well in Fig. 80 and Fig. 79, the conventional method (CM4) of completing Fig. 79 is shown, applicable after, for example, the usual production (1) by dissolving the method (CM3) of Fig. 80.

Alternatively, the conventional configuration (CM3 of FIG. 80) is used for both dissolving production and normal liquid storage operations, with a brine displacement method similar to that shown in FIG. 74.

In conventional liquid storage wells, similar to those shown in Figs. 74 and 80, where the storage products do not pose a significant risk of leakage during evaporation or expansion (e.g., crude oil or diesel fuel), in general, there is no underground valve (74 in Fig. 79) and the drying column (2 of Fig. 74 or Fig. 80, the left well) remains installed through the production casing (2A of Fig. 74, Fig. 80 the left well), while the product is injected or not extracted directly through the passage between the drying column and the production casing column And the brine is removed or pumped through a drying column. Liquid storage products generally displace the brine from the space in the walls (1A) of the cavity during storage or can be removed from the storage by direct injection of the brine from the pool or storage facility through a drying column to float the product with a lower relative density to remove from caverns, as shown in Fig. 74.

On Fig shows a diagram of a longitudinal section through underground formations of a conventional completion method (CM4) for the operation of a salt gas storage cavern. In the Figure, a dashed line shows a drying column (2) installed through an underground safety valve (74).

The freely suspended leaching columns (2, 2A of Fig. 80, left well) and the completion equipment containing the production casing (2), which can be connected to the production packer (40), additionally connected to the last casing (3) with cementing, are attached at the upper end to the wellhead equipment (7) and gushing (10A) with ground valves (64) for controlling the injection and extraction of the fluids that are located.

In cases of storage of expanding or volatile fluid, for example, storage of compressed gas, an underground gate valve (74) with guaranteed closure during an accident can generally be installed in the production casing (2) through which the drying column is installed (key 138, shown in dashed lines) line). Expanding or volatile fluids can then be used to displace the brine from the cavity by indirect injection (31) through the passage between the drying column (138) and the production casing (2) receiving the brine displaced (34) from the cavity through the column (138) drying after which, the drying column (138) must be lifted or dropped from the well in a relatively high-risk operation, where the personnel are close to the barriers under pressure, to ensure the functioning of the safety valve (74) with guaranteed closure in case of an accident.

If the cavity is cold from, for example, production after dissolution, the volumes of the working gas should increase as the transfer of underground heat heats the cavity, as described above and shown in Fig. 77. In the prior art, in general, the brine is not fed back to the cavity, remaining to dry to eliminate high-risk tripping and pressure relief operations necessary to remove the drying column from the underground safety valve. Conventional double pipe terminations, such as those shown in FIG. 81, can, however, be used to create a drying column with an underground safety valve.

Conventional methods (CM3 of Figs. 80 and CM4) for building salt caverns and initializing gas or volatile underground storage liquids are laborious and potentially dangerous, taking several years to complete before realizing the return on investment. In addition, the known technique requires a significant amount of compressed buffer gas, which gives an irrevocable cost, which must remain in the cavity to prevent the creeping of salt and the destruction of the walls and roof of the cavity.

On Fig shows a diagram of a longitudinal section through underground formations of an embodiment of a method (1T) of operating a storage cavity with an underground brine tank. The Figure shows the left well of a conventional design (CM3), which can be used for dissolving and / or storing fluid, connecting to the right well (CS4) with devices (21, 23, 23F, 70, 70R) and methods (CO3) of the present inventor which can be used to dry and selectively access the storage liquid and / or gas, to replace conventional gas storage devices of Fig. 79, for example, during combined extraction (1) by dissolution and storage operations (1S). Wells can be made with directions (14), intermediate casing strings (15), and the last casing strings (3) with cementing sealed in a pipe-like cavity, with a casing shoe (16) below which a passage has been drilled in the strata (17) and installed columns (2, 2A) for dissolution mining operations.

In the conventional production method (1) by dissolving the left well (CM3), the free-hanging inner column (2) is installed in the external free-hanging column (2A), which can be set using a heavy-duty drilling rig during the re-setting of the point at which fresh water enters the production zone by dissolving the salt deposit (5), and / or to provide an improved sonar measurement than is possible through casing strings (2, 2A). A buffer inert to salt from nitrogen or diesel fuel is generally displaced between the last casing (3) with cementing and the outer leach (2A) to control the level of the substantially water interface (117) and to protect the shoe (16) the last casing (3) with cementing.

Exemplary devices (21, 23, 23F, 70, 70R) and methods (CO3) of the present invention in the right-hand well (CS4) provide access through sub-pipes (21, 23) at the lower end of the inner pipe string (2) and the outer pipe string ( 2A) to different zones in the intermediate volume (147) of the cavity, applicable for the combined extraction (1) of dissolution and storage (1S) and for the final walls (1A) of the cavity.

Either the right well (CS4) or the left well (CM3) can be used as a brine tank (159) or an underground storage cavity (158) in the (1T) method for brine and storage tanks (158, 159).

Dissolution development and generation of (1) brine can be used with injection of drinking water, pool water, drainage water, sea water, and / or other types of water, generally referred to as fresh water due to undersaturation with salt, compared to the resulting saturated brine. Water can be pumped through the passage (25) closest to the center line or the intermediate concentric passage (24), between the freely suspended inner pipe string (2) and the outer pipe string (2A), or vice versa, using forward or reverse circulation with a buffer. The buffer usually contains diesel or nitrogen. Then, water can be supplied under pressure to an additional intermediate concentric passage (24A) between the outer pipe string (2A) and the last casing (3) with cementing, for the left well (CM3), or water can be supplied under pressure through the passage (24, 25) of the right well (CS4) and provide flotation up to the shoe of the last casing string with cementing, to control the level of the water surface (117) of the section, while the initial production space by dissolution can be formed for the fall of insoluble genus layers through substantially aqueous fluid on the sole (1E) of the cavity.

In general, caverns are developed (1) by dissolution from the bottom up by developing a space (1B) with a water surface (117) of the section. Then, the water surface of the interface (117) can rise, step by step, to create spaces (1C and 1D) of increased volume, while the rock of water-insoluble formations falls through the fluid and raises the bottom of the cavity to the level (1E, 1F, 1G), with continuous injection (31) of fresh water and extraction (34) of brine saturated or close to saturation, depending on the residence time, pressure, volume and temperature of the salt dissolution method.

The (CO3) method can be used to simultaneously carry out operations (1S) of storage and development by dissolution, at the first stage, the initial space is formed in the walls of the cavity (1B, 1C, 147) by direct circulation of fresh water through the passage closest to the center line (25), and returning the saturated brine through the concentric passage (24) using the lowest water surface (117) of the section above the lower end of the outer pipe string (2A). Alternatively and not directly, the brine can be returned from the concentric passage (24) to the passage closest to the center line (25) using the flow diversion device (21) to divert the distribution sub (23) at selected depths corresponding to different levels of the fluid separation surfaces (117), during which the salt-inert fluid buffer can be periodically pumped through one of the passages (24, 24A, 25) and held under the casing shoe (16). Various forms of the initial volume of the cavity can be formed by direct or reverse circulation and regulation of the salt-inert fluid buffer, which controls the level of the water surface of the interface selectively varied using a distribution sub (23) and a flow diversion device (21) for the right well (CS4 ), or an additional concentric passage (24A) for the left well (CM3), to form a volume (147) with an effective diameter and volume less than in the end walls (1A) of the cavity, for simultaneous operations th (1S) storage and extraction by dissolution.

Different initial forms (147) of caverns can be formed by adjusting the residence time of water abutting against the roof surface, sides and bottom of the cavity with different rates of salt dissolution to simultaneously obtain brine from the cavern brine reservoir (159), and displace fluid and operate caverns (158) underground storage with not fully saturated brine, if the maximum effective diameter of the cavity in the walls (1A) has not yet been developed by dissolution, or fully saturated brine after reaching ivnogo diameter end wall (1A) of the cavity.

Method (1T) can be used, for example, in storing gas in gas-tight salt caverns to increase the turnover volume of working volumes and for the profitability of short-term trading, using an intermediate volume (147) of the cavern, until the cavern volume is sufficient for seasonal fluctuations close to full-time volume.

The left borehole (CM3) can be used, for example, as a brine reservoir (159), which can be connected via a U-shaped device to the lower end of the right borehole (CS4) of the storage cavity (158) for combined storage (1S) and production operations (1) dissolution, with a short-term sale of the gas volume at the upper end of the buffer, which can be controlled by a distribution sub (23F) with a valve above the fluid separation surface (117). During combined dissolution (1S) storage and extraction operations, water can be used to displace short-term gas sales with successive displacement of the gas product that can deliver brine from the cavity before resuming extraction by dissolution or during the following phases. When the effective diameter of the walls (147) approaches its maximum (1A), the brine from the brine tank (159) can be diverted through a U-shaped pipe into the lower end of the underground storage cavity (158) to produce pressure to facilitate recovery for short and long term sales of gas volumes.

The well construction method (CS4) with a distribution sub (23F) and flow diversion devices (21) can be used, for example, to perform both production by dissolution and storage operations (1S) without involving a drilling rig, which is generally necessary for regulating the external leaching string (2A) of conventional leaching wells (CM3), or to create a device (CM5 of Fig. 81) of a drying column with two downhole valves. The reduced volume of the cavity, formed at the first stage of production by dissolving the cavity of a reduced diameter axially upward at a higher rate of dissolution of the roof of the cavity, can be used to form the volume (147) of the storage buffer. Thereafter, the water interface may be lowered by the volume of the storage product during, for example, a period of reduced gas use on weekends that displaces the brine. Then, the storage product can be discharged during the daily consumption peaks, while fresh water is injected for development by dissolving the walls of the cavity to a larger diameter, from the bottom up, and at the same time, the pumping of fresh water helps to extract the stored product buffer and the corresponding pressures.

On Fig schematically shows a longitudinal section through underground formations of an embodiment of the method (1T), with conventional devices (CM5) columns with double downhole valves, applicable for the operation of caverns (158) storage using brine from an underground brine tank (159). The Figure shows the reduced spaces (147) of the storage cavity buffer, corresponding to an increase in diameters less than the maximum effective diameter for the stability of the cavity developed by (1) dissolution in the first stage for simultaneous storage operations (1S), and with working pressure (WP) applicable for selective regulating the levels of essentially the water surfaces (117) of the partition during the expansion of the walls (1B, 1C, 1D) of the cavity. Various cavity shaping methods may be employed, including methods (C07), for example, with imaginary vertical cavity walls or methods (C06) with cavity walls tilted inward, providing improved roof support and providing a reduced minimum pressure in the cavity.

Each of the caverns can be used as a storage cavern (158). The remaining caverns can be used as brine reservoirs (159) for production by dissolution with water supply through the feed pipe (156) and valves (64) of fountain valves (10). The brine can be forced out through the disposal pipe (153A) or transfer pipe (153), forming a brine transfer device in the form of a U-shaped pipe between the lower ends of the caverns, with the product feeding through the supply pipe (154) or a pipe to form on the upper end of the buffer, which can protect the shoe (16) of the last casing string (3) with cementing. The release of the upper end buffer can be controlled by underground safety valves (74).

On Fig-83, in various schematic views in terms of options (157) for the implementation of devices of caverns (158) underground storage and underground reservoirs (159) of brine, applicable in methods (1T) of operation of brine and storage tanks and combined production of dissolution and operations (1S) storage, cavern configurations are shown that are applicable for creating support columns of a salt deposit according to the stored product and changes in working pressure with (1Z) exclusion zones.

Known technology provides for the distribution of caverns developed with the production of salt located in the immediate vicinity, and for the potential use of such caverns for the disposal of solid waste, to exclude sealing requirements. Such caverns located in the immediate vicinity are stable due to the hydrostatic pressure of the saturated brine column, which is generally at least equal to the formation pressure of the overburden causing plastic deformation of the salt deposit. The additional pressure applied through the fountain fittings and wellhead equipment can create excess pressure in the cavity to prevent destruction of the walls and roof of the cavity.

The tightness of a cavity, in general, depends on the fluid contained, while the tightness with a liquid is generally higher, for example, gas impermeability in the same cavity, since the capillary and cohesive properties of a liquid are more pronounced than for a gas tending to migrate through microscopic annular gaps and pores or permeable spaces in the strata.

The brine tanks (159), using a liquid buffer with water at the upper end, and with brine under their essentially water interface, are installed closer, for example, underground storage caverns (158) with a gas product, while higher pressure is maintained in a liquid storage cavity than in a gas storage cavity to maintain cavity stability.

The methods (1S, 1T) of the present invention can be used to operate a storage cavity (158) with brine from the brine storage tanks (159) located in the immediate vicinity, connected by storage product piping (154) and brine pumping pipelines (153) with caverns (158) storage performed with enlarged (1Z) exclusion zones of caverns and associated with larger support columns of the overburden salt deposit between the walls (1A) of the cavern.

Devices of various configurations and orientations can be used with the shown devices of centralized reservoirs (159) for storing liquid with brine, connected by a pipeline or pipe (154) for pumping, and additionally connected to various other brine reservoirs (159) or caverns (158) of underground storage, which requires enlarged exclusion zones (1Z) for supporting columns of salt deposits, with feed pipes (154) and transfer pipes (153).

Water supply pipes and brine recovery pipes installed centrally or individually for each cavity, for example, in the ocean environment, where offshore platforms are located above the caverns, and the water is withdrawn and the brine is disposed of into the ocean during production by dissolution.

Access via pipelines (153, 154) is created in the ocean to each platform and / or ship for loading and unloading, for example, crude oil from a brine tank (159) or storage cavity (158).

As shown in Figs. 75-76 and 80-83, embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for the combined or simultaneous storage and dissolution mining operations that can be applied to any configuration or device including various devices and methods that can be applied. in underground formations, on land or at sea, and which can be connected by pipes transporting the products to be stored, water to dissolve the salt, or brine to selectively displace the storage product into another Ernu or buffer between the shoe last cemented casing and a substantially water-section surface. These systems and methods can be additionally used for the formation of an underground brine tank and storage with salt dissolution, moreover, two or more columns having many passages and fountain fittings can be used for selective operation or the formation of one or more underground brine storage tanks with an inert salts of buffer fluid and water for the appropriate operation of one or more other underground salt storage caverns by selectively creating a fluid message with meal between cavities with pumping, compression and / or equalization.

Although various specific embodiments of the present invention have been described, it should be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the present invention may be practiced differently than described herein.

Claims (30)

1. A device for the formation of at least one system of pipe columns used with the upper end piping system for underground regulation of multiple flows of a fluid mixture within or between one or more collectors during multiple actions of the collectors, the device comprising:
at least one intermediate distribution sub or radial fluid passage from the manifold located between the upper end of the plurality of pipes and the lower end of the plurality of pipes to form stationary pipe barriers located within the casing barrier and a passage passing through the subterranean formation surrounding the casing,
wherein the passageway surrounding the casing is separated from the reservoir flow by insulation at the lower end, resulting in the aforementioned at least one pipe string system and a corresponding plurality of stationary pipe pressure barriers for the reservoir flow between the wellhead pipe system at the upper end and the insulation at the lower end, moreover, the fluids in the manifold flow through the inner passage of the plurality of pipes and at least one concentric intermediate passage surrounding the inner passage in at least about yn flow regulator or out,
wherein said at least one flow regulator is arranged to move through, to be placed along and optionally transversely, with the possibility of removal from a position transverse by tripping through an internal passage for underground transfer of multiple flows of a mixture of fluids radially inward or outward along a radial fluid passage the medium of the collector, and the transfer of the flow of the mixture of fluid is carried out between at least two of: the inner passage and at least one concentric intermediate the passageway and the surrounding passageway for selectively adjusting, during operation, and accessing at least a portion of the fluid mixture stream of at least one of the manifolds, and wherein a plurality of fluid mixture flows are transferred to or from a region close to the reservoir time of many operations with the collector. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one concentric intermediate passage is circumferentially divided to form a first circumferential axial intermediate passage and at least one second circumferential axial passage associated with the first radial passage and at least one second radial passage, wherein at least one flow regulator is mounted across the first circumferential axial intermediate passage and at least one a second circumferential axial passage for at least partially blocking the movement of the fluid mixture between the upper end of the at least one intermediate distribution sub and the lower end of the at least one intermediate distribution sub and diverting the flow of the fluid mixture through the first radial passage and at least one a second radial passage, said flow regulator providing a transfer of the fluid mixture flow between the inner passage and at least at least one concentric intermediate passage. 3. The device according to claim 2, further comprising a gate valve connected to the ends of the inner passage for selectively controlling the movement of the fluid mixture through the inner passage to form a valve-controlled distribution sub. 4. The device according to claim 2, further comprising at least one additional column installed through at least one concentric intermediate passage and separated from it by a fluid, the first or at least one second radial passage allowing the fluid to move between the inner a passage and at least one additional column. 5. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting chamber in communication with the inner passage through the first and at least second radial passages through the first pipe of the output channel and at least the second pipe of the output channel, respectively, with at least one additional a radial passage enables the movement of the fluid mixture between the first pipe of the output channel and at least one concentric intermediate passage, and a channel selector for selectively moving the flow controller through the inside enny passage. 6. The device according to claim 5, in which the passage of the first pipe of the output channel closest to the axial line is aligned with the axis of the connecting chamber, and the first set of pipes passes surrounding the first pipe of the output channel and at least one other pipe of the output channel, the first set of pipes separated from the fluid from at least one concentric intermediate passage to provide communication with another intermediate passage or surrounding passage, wherein a channel selector or at least one flow regulator is used A selective movement regulating fluid mixture through a first and at least one second radial passages. 7. The device according to claim 6, further comprising at least one additional radial passage located between the passage of the first pipe of the outlet channel closest to the axial line and at least one concentric intermediate passage, wherein at least one flow regulator is used for selectively controlling the movement of the fluid mixture through at least one additional radial passage. 8. The device according to claim 1, in which the first and at least one second radial passage is a first radial passage formed by a connected twin packer or channel selector axially aligned with the inner passage, and at least one second radial passage separated by a double the packer or channel selector from the first radial passage, at least one second radial passage contains a pipe passing through at least one intermediate passage and separated from it, while the double pack or channel selector is movable through the internal passageway and is used to selectively regulate movement of the fluid mixture through a first and at least one second radial passages. 9. The device according to claim 1, additionally containing a flow regulator in the form of a piston with a throttle bore, movable through an internal passage, removably mounted using a pressure differential applied to the axially upper or axially lower end of the piston, while the cables or pipes pass through at least one throttle bore of the flow regulator in the form of a piston with a throttle bore when using the ends of the piston to divert at least one part of the flow of the fluid mixture into the passage, other than inner passage. 10. A method of performing at least one system of pipe columns with a sub in the form of a radial passage of a fluid mixture of a device or a manifold between a pipe system of a wellhead and one or more collectors when performing multiple collector operations, comprising the following steps:
placing at least one pipe column system in at least one manifold, and at least one pipe column system comprising at least one manifold sub or radial fluid passage of the manifold between the upper end of the plurality of pipes and the lower end of the plurality of pipes to form a plurality of stationary pipe pressure barriers for a concentric fluid flow of the manifold through at least one concentric intermediate passage located between the casing passage pipes and an inner passage pipe for access to one or more proximal areas of one or more collectors, wherein the casing passage is isolated from the collector flow at the lower end;
placing along the inner passage of at least one flow regulator, selectively movable, spaced across the inner passage and removed from it to separate through the fluid or access at least one distribution sub or radial passage of the manifold fluid, and
circulating and diverting a plurality of fluid mixture flows radially inward or outward from at least one concentric intermediate passage or surrounding passage through at least one flow regulator and an internal passage through at least one radial passage in a plurality of manifold operations access to reservoir fluid. 11. The method according to p. 10, additionally containing the use of valves connected to the ends of the inner passage of at least one distribution sub or radial fluid passage of the manifold for selectively controlling the fluid mixture under pressure moving through the internal passages and at least one concentric intermediate passage . 12. The method according to claim 10, further comprising using at least one underground flow regulator moving through the inner passage and connected in at least one pipe string system to selectively control the movement of the fluid mixture by diverting at least one portion of the fluid mixture streams. 13. The method according to p. 12, further comprising providing a flow regulator with a piston with a throttle bore, installed and removed using a pressure differential applied to its axially upper or axially lower surfaces, and installing cables or pipes passing through the flow regulator when discharged along at least one part of the plurality of fluid mixture flows into the passage, other than the inner passage. 14. The method of claim 10, further comprising selectively controlling the movement of fluid mixtures of gases, liquids, solids, or combinations thereof between one main barrel and zones near at least one reservoir to create hydrostatic pressure of repression, equilibrium, or depression produced in a close zone while moving fluid mixtures. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising providing one or more additional connecting pipes for functional interaction with a plurality of stationary pipe pressure barriers, wherein one or more additional connecting pipes are concentric or radial in the secondary pressure working pipe. 16. The method according to p. 15, further comprising connecting one or more additional connecting pipes to limit the pressure acting on the plurality of stationary pipe pressure barriers, wherein one or more additional connecting pipes communicate with the pressure absorbing manifold to equalize the pressure. 17. A method of using a pipe system with a device or sub in the form of a radial flow passage of a reservoir fluid mixture between a wellhead pipe system and one or more reservoirs during a variety of reservoir operations, including production, injection, or production by dissolution, comprising the following steps:
establish a plurality of pipes located along the barrier surrounding the casing and the passage of the casing through the subterranean formation to access one or more proximal areas of one or more reservoirs, the lower end of the plurality of pipes forming a plurality of stationary pipe pressure barriers for concentric flow of the reservoir through at least one concentric intermediate passage located around the inner passage, and
performing multiple operations in the manifold to access the manifold fluid by transferring and discharging through at least one radial fluid passage of the manifold, a plurality of fluid mixture streams from at least one of the internal passages or at least one of the concentric intermediate passages in at least one other inner passage or at least one concentric intermediate passage radially inward or outward using a flow regulator , which moves through, is located along or across, with the possibility of extracting in the transverse position, an internal passage for, when using, selectively accessing and moving a plurality of fluid mixture flows to one or more proximal regions of one or more reservoirs during or after operations in the collector. 18. The method according to p. 17, in which when making selective access to the reservoirs and moving fluid mixtures between one or more reservoirs, they share fluids of different relative densities with the possibility of creating selective access to the reservoirs and moving at two or more depths using flow controllers. 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising the step of selectively using flow controllers to supply water at two or more depths to at least one close zone in the salt pool to form a substantially hydrocarbon or substantially aqueous salt solution and a storage space with a buffer space inert to salt or stored fluid above a substantially water interface or fluid interface, suitable for controlling salt dissolution, hydrocarbon production, dissolution production or their Combinations. 20. The method according to p. 19, in which the selective movement of fluid mixtures between the pipe system of the wellhead and at least one proximal contains a selective movement of the fluid mixture to at least one close zone using flow controllers at two or more depths between or below a substantially aqueous interface or fluid interface for transporting stored fluids or brine to or from or from at least two brine tanks. 21. The method of claim 20, further comprising selectively using flow controllers to supply water to the substantially water interface or fluid interface at two or more depths to displace the brine at the lower end of the first brine tank and store it through a U-shaped device pipe into at least one second brine and storage tank to form a brine by dissolving the salt in the first brine tank and storage to minimize salt dissolution in the at least one second brine tank ol and storage during operation. 22. The method according to p. 19, further comprising the step of selectively using flow controllers to supply fluids inert to salt or stored in salt of different relative densities at two or more depths to form a plurality of fluid interface surfaces containing buffer spaces for storage under the shoe the last casing string with cementing and above a substantially water interface or fluid interface. 23. The method according to p. 19, in which the selective regulation of the movement of the fluid mixture between the pipe system of the wellhead and at least one close zone comprises the selective use of flow controllers at two or more depths to control the movement of a fluid inert to salt or fluids storage, stored and retrieved from the buffer space for the stored fluid, for influencing the corresponding working pressures, volumes and temperatures of the fluids stored and removed from the brine tank and x Anen. 24. The method of claim 19, further comprising selectively controlling the shape of the cavity walls using flow regulators at two or more depths to control the dissolution of the salt and brine tank and storage by adjusting a substantially water interface or a fluid interface to control displacement storage, rates of production by dissolution, rates of creep of salt or combinations thereof, to achieve the maximum effective diameter for the stability of the salt cavity. 25. The method according to p. 24, further comprising storing a salt-inert fluid in the walls of the cavity between the underground depths, in which the walls of the cavity reach the maximum effective diameter for the stability of the salt cavity, and selectively creating two or more accesses and movements of the salts inert to the salt; depths using flow regulators. 26. The method according to p. 19, additionally containing the location and separation of one or more tanks for creating support columns of salt according to the pressures of the fluids stored in the effective diameters of the brine and storage tanks, and selectively creating access and moving these fluids at two or more depths using flow controllers. 27. The method according to p. 19, in which the selective regulation of the movement under pressure of the fluid mixture between the pipe system of the wellhead and at least one close zone for hydrocarbon production, production by dissolution or combinations thereof comprises using the ocean’s ability to draw water and absorb brine and use regulators flow at two or more depths. 28. The method according to p. 19, in which the selective regulation of the movement of the fluid mixture between the pipe system of the wellhead and at least one close zone comprises using the possibilities of moving the fluid mixture with ships, pipelines or the ocean to operate brine and storage tanks. 29. The method according to p. 17, in which when transferring and discharging through at least one radial passage of the fluid of the manifold of at least one part of the plurality of flows of a mixture of fluids, they radially pass fluids through a distribution sub of a pipe column system, radially pass fluids through a distribution sub device with a U-shaped manifold pipe or a combination thereof. 30. The method according to p. 17, in which additionally carry out the interaction and actuation of one or more wellheads, fountain fittings, pumps, surface pipe systems, or combinations thereof in connection with the pipe system of the wellhead.

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