RU2563476C2 - Module of sorption treatment of liquid medium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to filtration equipment. A module of sorption treatment comprises a vertical body made of a cylindrical shell (17), a bottom (5) and a cover (11), upper (1) and lower (12) perforated attachments, a supporting layer (14), a collector (10), filtering charge. The charge comprises three layers. The lower filtering layer (13) comprises sorbent of grade MS, the lower surface of which contacts with the upper surface of the supporting layer (14). The intermediate filtering layer (15) consists of a sorbent of MZhF grade, and the upper filtering layer (2) consists of a sorbent of AS grade. The module comprises a tube (16), arranged in the cavity of the body, a drain (6), an inlet (3) and an outlet (4) nozzles, communicated with the cavity of the collector (10), equipped by gates (7, 8, 9). Free surface of the upper filtering layer is located with a gap relative to the end part of the upper perforated attachment.

EFFECT: expansion of functional capabilities of a module of liquid medium treatment.

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Description

The invention relates to filtering technology and can be used in systems for purifying drinking water from impurities.

A known filter for water purification [A.S. USSR RF №1095942. The filter for water purification. Publ. 06/07/1984]. The known filter comprises a housing with a lid and a bottom, an intermediate bottom with drainage caps, a granular load located on it, a waterproof and mesh partition installed under the intermediate bottom, respectively, a water supply pipe connected to the covers, a nozzle for draining the filtrate mounted on the side surface of the housing between the watertight partition and the intermediate bottom, and a pipe with an injector connected to the supply pipe, tubes connected to waterproof partition and the intermediate bottom, lump coagulant is placed between the partitions, the second end of the pipeline with the injector is attached to the bottom of the body.

The disadvantages of the known device are the relatively small depth of water purification from calcium, manganese, strontium, fluorine.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a pressure filter [RF Patent for utility model No. 88573. Pressure filter. Publ. November 20, 2009]. The specified device contains a cylindrical housing with a spherical cap and a bottom, a layer of filtering granular material placed in the housing, an upper and lower distribution device and a distribution device for washing the upper layer of the filtering granular material, a pipeline for supplying purified water and draining the wash water with valves, connected to the upper distribution the device, the pipeline for the removal of purified water and the supply of washing water with valves, connected to the lower distribution device , A conduit for supplying wash water into the upper layer of filtering particulate material to the gate. The distribution device for washing the upper layer of the filtering granular material is made in the form of at least three vertical pipes passing through the upper distribution device and hermetically installed in the holes of the spherical cover. The lower ends of the vertical pipes are plugged, provided with holes on the side surfaces and placed in the upper layer of filtering granular material to a depth of 100-700 mm, and the upper ends are connected through a collector to the pipeline for supplying washing water to the upper layer of filtering granular material.

The disadvantages of the known device are the relatively small depth of water purification from calcium, manganese, strontium, fluorine.

The task at hand is to create a module for the sorption purification of a liquid medium with a relatively large depth of purification from calcium, manganese, strontium, and fluorine.

To eliminate these drawbacks in the module for sorption cleaning of a liquid medium, including a vertical casing, consisting of a cylindrical shell, bottom and cover, upper and lower perforated nozzles, a supporting layer, a collector located outside the cavity of the casing, a filtering filling, the lower surface of which contacts the upper surface supporting layer, the inlet and outlet nozzles in communication with the collector cavity and equipped with gates, the inlet and outlet nozzles equipped with gates, it is proposed :

- the module is additionally equipped with a drainage pipe with a shutter located outside the body cavity and a pipe located in the body cavity and oriented vertically;

- place the lower perforated nozzles in the volume of the filtering backfill,

- Pass the upper end of the tube through the cover and communicate with the collector;

- fix the lower perforated nozzles on the end of the tube;

- install the upper perforated nozzles on the outer side surface of the pipe;

- inform the cavities of the upper and lower perforated nozzles with the cavities of the collector and tube, respectively;

- to fill the filtering fill from the lower filter layer from a catalytically active aluminosilicate sorbent of the MS brand, an intermediate filter layer from a granular catalytically active sorbent of the MZhF brand based on the natural mineral dolomite and the upper filter layer from the aluminosilicate polyfunctional sorbent of the AS brand;

- the supporting layer is made of quartz fractioned sand;

- arrange the free surface of the upper filter layer with a gap relative to the end part of the upper perforated nozzle.

A schematic diagram of a longitudinal axial section of one embodiment of a module for sorption purification of a liquid medium is shown in the drawing.

The following notation is adopted in the drawing: 1 - upper perforated nozzle, 2 - upper filter layer, 3 - inlet pipe, 4 - outlet pipe, 5 - bottom, 6 - drain pipe, 7 - drain pipe shutter, 8 - inlet pipe shutter, 9 - outlet pipe shutter, 10 - collector, 11 - cover, 12 - lower perforated nozzle, 13 - lower filter layer, 14 - support layer, 15 - intermediate filter layer, 16 - tube, 17 - cylindrical shell.

The module for sorption cleaning of a liquid medium contains a vertical housing formed by a cylindrical shell 17, a cover 11 and a bottom 5, a filtering bed consisting of a lower 13, an intermediate 15 and an upper 2 filter layers, an upper 1 and a lower 12 perforated nozzles, a drainage 6, an input 3 and output 4 nozzles, valves 7, 8, 9 of the corresponding nozzles, the collector 10 and the supporting layer 14 and the tube 16.

The collector 10 is located outside the cavity of the housing.

The lower surface of the filter bed is in contact with the upper surface of the support layer 14.

Drainage 6, inlet 3 and outlet 4 nozzles communicated with the cavity of the collector 10, are equipped with the corresponding valves 7, 8, 9 and are located outside the cavity of the housing.

The lower perforated nozzle 12 is located in the volume of the supporting layer 14.

The tube 16 is located in the cavity of the housing and is oriented vertically. The lower perforated nozzle 12 is located in the volume of the supporting layer 14.

The upper end of the tube 16 passes through the cover and is in communication with the collector 10.

The lower perforated nozzle 12 is mounted on the end of the tube 16.

The upper perforated nozzle 1 is installed on the outer side surface of the tube 16.

The cavities of the upper 1 and lower 12 perforated nozzles communicated respectively with the cavities of the collector 10 and tube 16.

The lower filter layer 13 has a height of at least 0.04 m and is formed by a catalytically active aluminosilicate sorbent grade MS with particles of irregular shape and a size of 0.7-1.5 mm, bulk density 1150-1250 kg / m ³ and a density of 2850 kg / m ³ .

The intermediate filter layer 15 has a height of at least 0.01 m and is formed by a granular catalytically active sorbent of the MZhF brand based on the natural dolomite mineral with a particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, a bulk density of 1350-1400 kg / m ³ and a density of 2450- 2550 kg / m ³ .

The upper filter layer 2 has a height of at least 0.05 m and is formed by an aluminosilicate polyfunctional sorbent of the AC grade with a particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, a bulk density of 670-720 kg / m and a density of 1350-1450 kg / m ³ .

The support layer 14 of quartz fractionated sand has an average particle size of 7 mm, a bulk density of 1400-1500 kg / m ³ and a density of 2600-2700 kg / m ³ .

The free surface of the upper filter layer 2 is located with a gap relative to the end part of the upper perforated nozzle 1.

The lower perforated nozzles are designed to collect water during its purification and to prevent the removal of filtering backfill from the body cavity during its washing.

The upper perforated nozzles 1 is designed for uniform distribution of the water flow in the inlet cross section of the upper filter layer 2.

The tube 16 is designed to drain purified water from the cavity of the housing and supply water during the regeneration of the filtering backfill.

The granular catalytically active sorbent of the MZhF brand based on the natural mineral dolomite (Manganese Iron Filter) complies with TU 08.05.2008 No. 4859-001-53232176-2008. A sedimentary rock (dolomite), consisting of a mixture of Mg and Ca minerals, is used as a raw material for the production of the sorbent of the MZhF brand. As a result of mechanochemical and thermochemical processing and subsequent chemical modification, a granular, porous material with a developed specific surface, consisting of a mixture of oxides and carbonates calcium and magnesium, as well as aluminum and silicon oxides, and containing highly dispersed catalytically active manganese dioxide in the pores. The sorbent of the MZhF brand as a filtering material that holds in the intergranular space the hydrolysis products of oxidized forms of iron and manganese, has catalytic activity in oxidation reactions of iron and manganese with oxidizing agents dissolved in water (oxygen, ozone, potassium permanganate, etc.). An additional purpose of the sorbent of the MZhF brand in a three-layer filling is the maintenance of ph filtered water in the range generally accepted for drinking water - 6.5-8.5

Catalytically active aluminosilicate sorbent grade MS (Magnesium-containing sorbent), corresponding to TU 2164-002-15155998-2010, in which the catalytically active components enter the granule structure uniformly, which ensures efficient operation even when the granule breaks. This sorbent is intended for physicochemical purification of water from iron (with a content of up to 50 mg / l), manganese (with a content of up to 2.5 mg / l), strontium, heavy non-ferrous metals, phosphates, petroleum products, phenol, radionuclides. The physicochemical properties of the sorbent grade MS meet the requirements of GOST R 51641-2000 (Granular filtering materials). It is made on the basis of the flasks of the Sukholozhsky deposit. Its main technical characteristics: particles of irregular shape and size of 0.7-1.5 mm, bulk density of 1150-1250 kg / m ³ and a density of 2850 kg / m ³ . The chemical composition of this sorbent is very dependent on the field and even on the layers of the same field. In particular, the sorbent made on the basis of the flasks of the Sukholozhsky deposit has the following chemical composition,%: SiO ₂ - 43-47, MgO - 43-47, Fe ₂ O ₃ - 4-5, A1 ₂ O ₃ - 2.5- 3.0, the rest is less than 0.5).

The aluminosilicate polyfunctional sorbent of the AC grade, corresponding to TU 2164-001-15055998-03, is made on the basis of the flasks of the Sukholozhsky deposit. The main technical characteristics of the specified sorbent: particle size 0.5 -1.5 mm, bulk density 670 - 720 kg / m ³ and density 1350-1450 kg / m ³ . The physicochemical properties of the AC sorbent meet the requirements of GOST R 51641-2000 (Granular filtering materials). AS brand sorbent increases the pH of water, which ensures effective removal of iron, effectively removes all types of iron (at a concentration of up to 50 mg / l), including divalent, trivalent, organic, bacterial and colloidal.

The chemical composition of this sorbent is very dependent on the field and even on the layers of the same field. In particular, the sorbent corresponding to TU 2164-001-15055998-03 and made on the basis of the flasks of the Sukholozhsky deposit has the following chemical composition,%: SiO ₂ - 78, MgO - 0.5, Fe ₂ O ₃ - 5, A1 ₂ O ₃ - 7, the rest - 9.5).

The module sorption purification of a liquid medium works as follows.

In the cleaning mode, the purified water through the inlet pipe 3 enters the collector 10, passes through the channels of the upper perforated nozzle 1, enters the volume of the housing cavity located above the upper filter layer 2, sequentially passes the flow parts of the upper 2, intermediate 15 and lower 13 filter layers and the supporting layer 14, enters the tube 16, from it enters the collector 10 and leaves the module through the outlet pipe 4. In this mode of operation of the module, the shutter 7 of the drain pipe 6 is closed, and the shutters of the inlet 8 and outlet 9 branch pipes open.

In the regeneration mode, water through the inlet pipe 3 enters the collector 10, sequentially passes through the pipe 16, the flowing parts of the support layer 14, lower 13, intermediate 15 and upper 2 filter layers, through the channels of the upper perforated nozzle 1 enters the collector 10 and leaves the module through the drain pipe 6.

When the sorbent layer heights in the sorption cleaning module are lower than the corresponding recommended minimum layer heights, the liquid cleaning efficiency does not meet the requirements (standards), and when the sorbent layer heights of the corresponding or larger recommended minimum layer heights, the liquid cleaning efficiency meets the requirements. In the latter case, an increase in the height of the sorbent layers does not affect the efficiency of liquid purification, but leads to an increase in the life of this module.

An example of a specific implementation of the module sorption purification of a liquid medium

The module for sorption purification of a liquid medium has a height of 1.99 m and an inner diameter of 0.47 m. The housing is made of fiberglass.

The upper filter layer 2 is an AS-grade aluminosilicate polyfunctional sorbent with a height of 0.05 m, the middle filter layer is a granular catalytically active sorbent of the MZhF brand based on the natural dolomite mineral with a height of 0.01 m, and the lower filter layer is a catalytically active aluminosilicate sorbent of the brand MS with a height of 0.03 m.

The volume of the filter backfill and the substrate is 0.18 m ³ . The volumetric flow rate of treated water is 1 m ³ / h.

Using the proposed technical solution allows to reduce the concentration of calcium in purified drinking water from 15 mg / l to 3 mg / l, iron from 7 mg / l to 0.1 mg / l, manganese from 1 mg / l to 0.02 mg / l strontium from 10 mg / l to 1 mg / l; fluorine from 5 mg / l to 1 mg / l.

It should be noted that when studying the modules for sorption purification of a liquid medium of other structures, it was not possible to obtain water with the characteristics presented in the description, while ensuring the required performance.

The technical result is an increase in the functionality of the module sorption purification of a liquid medium.

Claims (1)

A module for the sorption cleaning of a liquid medium, including a vertical casing, consisting of a cylindrical shell, bottom and cover, upper and lower perforated nozzles, a supporting layer, a collector located outside the cavity of the casing, a filtering bed, the lower surface of which contacts the upper surface of the supporting layer, the input and outlet pipe connected to the collector cavity and equipped with gates, characterized in that the module is additionally equipped with a drainage pipe with a shutter located outside the cavity to case, a tube located in the cavity of the housing and oriented vertically, with the lower perforated nozzles located in the volume of the supporting layer, the upper end of the tube passes through the cover and communicated with the collector, the lower perforated nozzles mounted on the end of the tube, the upper perforated nozzles mounted on the outer side surface tubes, cavities of the upper and lower perforated nozzles are connected respectively with the cavities of the collector and the tube, the filtering backfill consists of a lower filtering bed height of at least 0.04 m from a catalytically active silica-alumina sorbent brand MS irregularly shaped particles with a size of 0.7-1.5 mm and a bulk density of 1150-1250 kg / m ³ and a density of 2850 kg / m ^3, an intermediate filter a layer with a height of at least 0.01 m from a granular catalytically active sorbent of the MZhF brand based on the natural dolomite mineral with a particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, bulk density 1350-1400 kg / m ³ and density 2450-2550 kg / m ³ , the upper filter layer with a height of not less than 0.05 m of aluminosilicate polyfunctional sorbent mark and AS with a particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, bulk density 670-720 kg / m ³ and a density of 1350-1450 kg / m ³ and a support layer of quartz fractionated sand with an average particle size of 7 mm, bulk density 1400- 1500 kg / m ³ and a density of 2600-2700 kg / m ³ , and the free surface of the upper filter layer is located with a gap relative to the end part of the upper perforated nozzle.

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