RU2555050C2 - Heat-tube water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering and can be used in water heaters incorporated with heating and hot water supply circuits. This boiler comprises cylindrical body to house water feed and discharge pipes. Said body is closed from the front by perforated bottom with opening and neck for burner to be fitted therein. From behind, it is closed by bottom with flue gas escape hole. Said hole accommodates heat tube aligned therewith, closed by front and rear bottoms and provided with water-tube convective section. Boiler water section is composed by circular space enclosed between heat tube and cylindrical body. Said space is divided by multistart screw web with constant or variable pitch into separate channels. Sizes of the latter ensure the heat carrier design rate. Webs are arranged in convective section pipe channels to allow heat carrier circulation.

EFFECT: higher heat efficiency of the boiler with preset dimensions owing to better heat exchange.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heat engineering and can be used in the manufacture of hot water boilers for heating and hot water supply.

The well-known fire-tube boiler KO-20 (the site of JSC Dorogobuzh-Kotlomash http://www.dkm.ru). The boiler is a rectangular welded structure, the basis of which is the body. A firebox formed by pipe boards and 28 × 3 pipes is located between two chambers with a coolant (water). In the upper part of the furnace there is a water-tube convective part consisting of four rows of 28 × 3 pipes welded into the walls of the chambers. The role of grid-irons when working on solid fuel is performed by a series of 28 × 3 pipes located in the lower zone of the furnace. There is a gate in front of the pallet, which allows you to adjust the amount of combustion air. To connect the boiler to the heating system, two DN 50 fittings are installed on the side walls. The gas duct is located on the top panel of the boiler. There is also a fitting for a thermometer for visual monitoring of water temperature.

The disadvantages of the known boiler are the inefficient use of heat exchange surfaces and sensitivity to the quality of the network water, due to the low speed of the coolant inside the boiler and its unevenness. In the pipes of the convection part, boiling of water is possible due to the lack of forced circulation.

Also known is a fire-tube heating boiler for gaseous and liquid fuels (patent No. 221902), comprising a cylindrical water supply housing with end pipe boards and a lining, in the cavity of which there is a flame chamber, which is cylindrical and blind at the end remote from the burner, and is fixed in the front pipe board, and two the course of the smoke tubes located in concentric circles coaxial with the flame chamber and fixed in the openings of the front tube plate. In the holes of the rear tube plate, only smoke tubes of the second stroke are fixed, and smoke pipes of the first stroke are fixed in the holes located at the periphery in the rear part of the fire chamber by means of T-shaped transitions. Smoke tubes of the second stroke have a smaller diameter and are evenly spaced along two circles between the pipes of the first stroke.

The disadvantage of this boiler is the inefficient use of heat transfer surfaces, as well as sensitivity to the quality of the network water due to the low speed of the coolant and its unevenness.

The purpose of the invention is, with the existing overall dimensions, to increase the thermal performance of the boiler by increasing the heat transfer efficiency, and also to improve operational qualities, in particular, to reduce the sensitivity of the boiler to the quality of network water.

To solve this problem, a fire-tube boiler was proposed that contains a cylindrical body with nozzles for supplying and discharging water installed on it, which is closed in front with a bottom with a hole and a neck for installing a burner, and behind it with a bottom with a hole for the exit of flue gases. Inside the body water volume there is a heat pipe closed by front and rear bottoms, equipped with a water tube convective part. The annular space between the casing and the flame tube is divided by a single or multi-start screw baffle with a constant or variable pitch into channels with baffles in the area of the convection part.

The goals are achieved due to the fact that the water path of the boiler, which is an annular space enclosed between the flame tube and the cylindrical body, is divided by a single or multi-start screw partition with constant or variable pitch into separate channels, which have partitions in the convection part area, providing circulation of water in convective pipes. This design allows you to provide the estimated speed of the coolant throughout the water path of the boiler, which significantly increases the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange surfaces, thereby increasing the efficiency of their use. In addition, the movement of the coolant at a given speed helps to prevent precipitation on the internal surfaces of the boiler, which makes it insensitive to the quality of the network water.

The boiler in figure 1 contains a cylindrical body 1, which is closed in front by the bottom 2 with an opening and a neck for installing the burner 3, behind - by the bottom with an opening for the exit of flue gases 4. Inside the body water volume is a heat pipe 5, closed by the front and rear bottoms, equipped with a water tube convective part 6. The annular space between the casing and the flame tube is divided by a single or multi-start screw partition with constant or variable pitch 7 into channels, which, in turn, have an overflow in the convection part area Torch 8, providing circulation of the coolant through convective pipes. The supply and removal of heated water is carried out through nozzles 9 mounted on the boiler body.

The operation of the boiler is as follows.

The boiler is filled with circulating water through the nozzles 9, after which the burner device 3 is started. The incandescent products of combustion, moving along the axis of the boiler, transfer heat to the surfaces of the flame tube 5 and convection part 6 and, having cooled to the calculated temperature, are removed through the hole in the bottom 4 into the chimney . The water circulating in the boiler through the channels formed by the screw partition 7 and due to the baffles 8 through the pipes of the convective part washes all the heat exchange surfaces at a given speed, which ensures efficient heat transfer and prevents precipitation inside the boiler.

Claims (1)

A fire tube boiler containing a cylindrical body with nozzles for supplying and discharging water installed on it, closed in front with a bottom with an opening and a neck for installing a burner, and with a bottom with an opening for the exit of flue gases, inside which there is a coaxial tube that is closed by the front and rear bottoms, equipped with a water tube convective part, characterized in that the annular space between the housing and the flame tube is divided by a single or multiple helical partition with a constant or AC line step canals with baffles in the convection part of the zone.

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