RU2543449C2 - Device that temporarily increase vehicle cross-country ability - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transport machine building, in particular, to devices that prevent skidding of master wheels of a vehicle. The device includes sensors of wheel rotation, drum block braking mechanisms of rear master wheels, magnetoelectric drives of ropes, ropes, washers fixed at the ends of ropes, elements of a regular parking brake, a board network of a vehicle, a control unit and a cable. Braking ropes with conical washers rigidly installed at their ends freely pass via conical holes of the equalizer. Magnetoelectric drives are installed between braking mechanisms of wheels and the equalizer.

EFFECT: provides for increased efficiency and safety of a device due to improvement of individual drives of braking mechanisms of master wheels and process automation.

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Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular to devices that prevent slipping of the driving wheels of a car.

A brake device of motor vehicles is known, comprising a brake pedal connected through a drive made in the form of a lever parallelogram with pistons of the main power cylinders, the cavities of which are connected via working pipelines to the service brake cylinders of the drive wheels and to the brake cylinders of the driven wheels, the pipelines connecting the brake cylinders diagonally spaced wheels are connected with additional power cylinders, the pistons of which are connected to the engine through the drive. The engine through the drive causes out-of-phase pulsation of the working fluid in separate braking systems of the vehicle. When the brake device is activated with the pedal, the drive wheels with brake cylinders are braked alternately. The braking of the slipping drive wheel causes the transmission of torque to another wheel, which is reliably coupled to the road, resulting in increased cross-country ability of the vehicle (AS USSR No. 542669, 1/15/1977, bull. No. 2).

The disadvantages of this device are the design complexity and periodic braking, along with the skidding, and also non-skidding wheels, impractical from the point of view of increasing the cross-country ability of a vehicle.

Also known is a brake device for temporarily increasing the cross-country ability of a skidding vehicle, comprising drum brake shoe mechanisms of the rear driving wheels and a common brake drive including drive levers, rollers, brake cables, equalizer, traction, lever with a release spring, control cable, rollers, control handle with a rail and a latch, and each brake mechanism also has an individual brake drive, including a two-arm control lever with a return spring and a ratchet mechanism m mounted on a horizontal axis, cylindrical washers rigidly mounted on the brake cable in front of the lower end of the control lever and equalizer, the brake cable freely passing through a cylindrical horizontal hole at the end of the equalizer and the hole in the lower end of the control lever (RF patent No. 2395414, 27.07. 2010, Bulletin No. 21).

However, this device has insufficient reliability due to the possible grabbing and jamming of brake cables in the cylindrical openings of the equalizer and control levers when moisture, dust, dirt, corrosion processes and rare use occur in them.

The closest in technical essence is a device for temporarily increasing the patency of a stalled car (patent No. 2459723).

In the vehicle’s parking brake system, which contains drum brake shoes of the rear drive wheels and a common brake drive, including drive levers, rollers, brake cables, equalizer, traction, a lever with a release spring, control cable, rollers, a control handle with a rail and a latch, and also individual brake drives of brake mechanisms, each of which includes a two-arm control lever with a return spring and ratchet mechanism mounted on a horizontal axis, cylindrical washers, rigidly mounted Mounted on the elongated front of the brake cable in front of the lower end of the two shoulders control lever and leveler, the brake cable freely passing through the hole at the end of the equalizer and the hole in the lower end of the control lever, these holes are conical, facing small bases of the cones towards the rear of the vehicle. This design of the holes prevents the brake cables from seizing and seizing in the cable-to-hole interfaces, including by putting lubricant in the free part of the hole, limited by the washer.

Works the proposed device to temporarily increase the patency of a stalled car as follows. When the vehicle is slipping on the spot, the driver by smoothly moving the individual brake lever of the axle skidding wheel through the brake cable and the drive lever presses the brake pads to the brake drum and creates a braking moment that stops the skidding wheel, while the corresponding brake cable moves in the equalizer hole and on the standing wheel increased torque from the engine. If the forces of resistance to movement do not exceed the total traction force on the drive wheels, the car drives out. If the resistance forces exceed the traction, departure by swinging the car is possible.

When using the handbrake control lever, both wheels of the rear drive axle are braked simultaneously. In this case, the front ends of the brake cables can freely move in the holes of the lower ends of the levers for individual control of the brake mechanisms of the rear drive wheels.

Thus, the proposed device for temporarily increasing the cross-country ability of a skidding car allows you to brake only a skidding wheel and provide the possibility of the vehicle leaving, i.e. to increase its patency, with high reliability of the device.

However, this device complicates the placement of gearbox control mechanisms and individual wheel brake levers and in some designs of the hand brake drive lever, reduces the aesthetics of the vehicle interior (individual wheel brake levers exit to the passenger compartment) and distracts the driver from the road (the need to track the stalled wheel and manually manipulate the levers individual brakes of slipping wheels).

The technical result of the proposed device is to increase the efficiency and safety of the device by improving individual brake actuators and process automation.

The device includes wheel rotation sensors 1 and 17, drum shoe brake mechanisms of the rear driving wheels 2 and 16, magnetoelectric drives of cables 3 and 18, cables 4 and 9, washers 5, fixed at the ends of cables 4, elements of the standard parking brake (equalizer 6, lever 7, a spring 8, a roller 10, a rod 11, a handle 12), a car battery 13, a control unit 14 and a cable 15 (FIG. 1). Brake cables 4 with conical washers 5 rigidly mounted at their ends freely pass through the conical holes of the equalizer 6. Magnetoelectric drives are installed between the brake mechanisms of the wheels and the equalizer.

The circuit diagram of the device, temporarily increasing the car’s passability, consists of a sensor unit (DB) (which includes rotation sensors of the driving wheels ДВ1 and ДВ2), a control unit (БУ) (which includes electromagnetic relays Р1 and Р2, as well as transistors T1 and T2) and the actuator (MI) (consisting of two magnetoelectric drives MEP) (figure 2).

The electromagnetic drive is arranged as follows (figure 3). Coil 2 is wound on a cylindrical steel core 3 with an axial hole for the rod. Two permanent magnets of the composition neodymium-iron-boron 1 and 4 are fixed on the steel rod 4, which is able to move axially inside the core. The direction of the magnetic fields of the permanent magnets is opposite. In the initial position, one of the magnets is attracted to the core, while the rod is in one of the extreme stable positions. When a current pulse of a corresponding direction and a sufficient value is supplied to the coil, this magnet is repelled from the core, and the opposite magnet is attracted to it. Thus, the rod moves to another extreme stable position. To adjust the force of attraction of the magnets to the core and, accordingly, the current required to transfer the rod from one position to another, non-magnetic spacers of various thicknesses can be installed between the magnets and the core. The actuator stem is an integral part of the traction cable. The drive housing is attached to the underbody.

Figure 4 presents a block diagram of a device that temporarily increases the permeability of the car, where X and Y, respectively - signals from the sensors of rotation of the driving wheels. Vykh 1 and Vykh 2 - connection of magnetoelectric drives (MEP) of brake mechanisms of driving wheels.

Figure 5 presents the algorithm of the device, temporarily increasing the patency of the car. Works the proposed device to temporarily increase the patency of a stalled car as follows (figure 1). When the vehicle is slipping, a signal is transmitted from the wheel speed sensor (1 or 17) to the control unit (14). The control unit connects the magnetoelectric drive (3 or 18) of the brake mechanism of the skidding wheel to the on-board network of the car (13). The rod of the magnetoelectric drive (MEP) is retracted and through the brake cable 4 and the drive lever presses the brake pads to the brake drum and creates a braking moment that stops the stalled wheel. If the forces of resistance to movement do not exceed the total traction force on the drive wheels, the car drives out. If the resistance forces exceed the traction, departure by swinging the car is possible. If signals from both rotation sensors of the driving wheels are not supplied or are supplied simultaneously, the magnetoelectric drives (MEP) do not work.

When using the hand brake control handle 12, both wheels of the rear drive axle are braked simultaneously. In this case, the cores of magnetoelectric drives play the role of guide rods (cables 4).

Thus, the proposed device for temporarily increasing the cross-country ability of a skidding car allows you to automatically brake only a skidding wheel and allow the vehicle to exit, i.e. to increase its patency, with high reliability of the device.

Claims (1)

A device for temporarily increasing the cross-country ability of a skidding vehicle, comprising drum brake shoe mechanisms of the rear driving wheels and a common parking brake drive, including an equalizer, brake cables freely passed through the equalizer openings on the end of which persistent conical washers are installed, and each brake mechanism also has an individual brake drive, characterized in that the pulling force on them is created by electromagnetic drives controlled by the control unit when stvuyuschih signals from wheel speed sensors.

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