RU2542675C2 - Dishwashing machine with sorption drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal use articles.

SUBSTANCE: dishwashing machine (GS) drying device contains at least one sorption chamber (SB) with a reversibly dehydratable sorption material (ZEO). Such chamber is connected to the dishwashing machine washing chamber (SPB) by means of at least one air-duct (LK). The sorption material (ZEO) is poured into the sorption chamber (SB) in the form of grainy solid substance or granulate with multiple particles sized 1 - 6 mm, in particular - 2.4 - 4.8 mm. The charged particles layer height (H) exceeds the grain size at least 5 times.

EFFECT: design improvement.

31 cl, 17 dwg

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a dishwasher, in particular a household dishwasher, which contains at least one washing chamber and at least one sorption drying system for drying the items to be cleaned, and the sorption drying system contains at least one sorption a chamber with reversibly dehydrogenated, i.e. reversibly dehydrated, sorption material, which is connected to the washing chamber by at least one duct to create an air stream.

State of the art

For example, from patent applications DE 10353774 A1, DE 10353775 A1 or DE 102005004096 A1, dishwashers with a so-called sorption column for drying dishes are known. At the same time, at the “drying” stage of the corresponding program of the dishwasher, which is intended for drying dishes, moist air from the washing chamber of the dishwasher is driven through an air blower through a sorption column contained in which a reversibly dehydrogenated drying material takes moisture from the passing air through condensation. For regeneration, that is, desorption of the sorption column, the reversibly dehydrogenated drying material contained in it is heated to a very high temperature. As a result, the water accumulated in this material is released in the form of hot water vapor and is sent to the washing chamber with the air flow created by the blower device. Due to this, it is possible to heat the washing solution and / or the dishes located in the washing chamber, as well as the air in the washing chamber. Such a sorption column turned out to be a very advantageous device for economical and low-noise drying of dishes. To prevent local overheating of the drying material during desorption, a heating device is provided, which is located in the direction of the air flow in front of the air inlet of the sorption column (for example, DE 102005004096 A1). Despite this “air heating” during desorption, it is usually difficult to constantly maintain a sufficiently high-quality drainage of the reversibly dehydrogenated drying material.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to develop a dishwasher, in particular a household dishwasher, which will improve the sorption and / or desorption of a reversibly dehydrated drying material contained in the sorption element of the sorption drying device.

This problem is solved by a dishwasher, in particular a household dishwasher of the type indicated above due to the fact that the sorption material is poured into the sorption chamber in the form of a granular solid or granulate with many particles with a size of essentially 1 to 6 mm, in particular 2 4 to 4.8 mm, and that the height of the layer of loaded particles is at least 5 times the grain size.

Thus, it is largely guaranteed that the items being cleaned in the washing chamber can be dried efficiently, economically and reliably. You can also compactly place the dryer in a dishwasher.

In particular, it is largely guaranteed that moist air, which, during the corresponding selected drying process, enters the sorption chamber through the duct from the washing chamber and passes through its sorption element with sorption drying material, can be dried qualitatively, economically and reliably. After this drying process, for example, during at least one washing or cleaning process of a subsequent running dishwashing program, the sorption material in preparation for the next drying process can be qualitatively, economically, and sparingly regenerated, i.e. prepared by the desorption method.

Other embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention and its embodiments, as well as their advantages are described in detail below on the basis of the figures, which depict:

Figure 1: schematic view of a dishwasher with a washing chamber and a sorption drying system, the components of which are constructed according to the invention.

Figure 2: a schematic perspective view of an open washing chamber of a dishwasher (see figure 1) with components of the sorption drying system, which are shown partially open, that is, without coating.

Figure 3: a schematic side view of the sorption drying system assembly (see figures 1 and 2), the components of which are located partially outside on the side wall of the washing chamber and partially in the bottom structural unit under the washing chamber.

Figure 4: schematic perspective explosive view of the various nodes (separately) of the sorption chamber of the sorption drying system according to figures 1-3.

Figure 5: schematic horizontal projection of the sorption chamber (see figure 4).

Figure 6: schematic horizontal projection (bottom) of the site of the sorption chamber (see figure 5), which is a metal sheet with slots for conditioning the flow of air passing through the sorption material in the sorption chamber.

Figure 7: a schematic horizontal projection (bottom) of another node of the sorption chamber (see figure 4), which is a tubular heater designed to heat the sorption material in the sorption chamber with the aim of desorption.

Figure 8: schematic horizontal projection (top) of a tubular heater (see Fig.7) located above a metal sheet with slots (see Fig.6).

Figure 9: schematic section (side) of the sorption chamber according to figures 4, 5.

Figure 10: schematic perspective view of the internal structure of the sorption chamber according to figures 4, 5, 9, partially in section.

Figure 11: schematic horizontal projection (top) of the combination of components of the sorption drying system according to figures 1-10.

Figures 12-14: various schematic views of the exhaust element of the sorption drying system (see Fig.1-3), shown separately.

Figure 15: schematic section (side) of the inlet element of the sorption drying system (see Fig.1-3), shown separately.

Figure 16: schematic horizontal projection (top) of the bottom structural unit of the dishwasher (see figures 1 and 2).

Figure 17: a schematic view of a thermoelectric fuse against overheating of the sorption chamber (see Fig. 4-10) of the sorption drying system (see Figs. 1-3, 11).

The implementation of the invention

Elements with the same functionality and principle of operation have the same designations in Fig.1-17.

1 schematically shows a dishwasher GS, the main components of which are a washing chamber SPB, a bottom structural unit BG located underneath it, and a sorption drying system TS constructed according to the invention. Preferably, the sorption drying system TS is external, that is, it is located outside the washing chamber SPB, partly on the side wall SW, partly in the bottom structural unit BG. The main components of this system are: at least one LK duct, at least one fan unit or LT blower installed therein, and at least one sorption chamber SB. Preferably, in the washing chamber SPB, one or more grate baskets GK are provided for storing and washing the objects to be cleaned, for example, dishes. For supplying liquid to the objects to be cleaned, one or more spraying devices are provided inside the washing chamber SPB, for example, one or more rotating SA arms with nozzles. In this embodiment, a lower rotating console with nozzles and an upper rotating console with nozzles are installed in the washing chamber SPB.

To clean the items to be cleaned, dishwashers carry out washing programs that contain several stages. In particular, the corresponding washing program may contain the following separate steps, performed in time one after another: the preliminary washing step (to remove coarse contaminants); a cleaning step (with the addition of detergent to a liquid, in particular water); intermediate rinse step; a final rinse step (with addition to a liquid, for example water, of a rinse aid, in particular an air conditioner); as well as the final stage of drying (at which the dried items are dried). At the same time, depending on the stage of cleaning or washing the selected dishwashing program, clean water and / or technical water with detergent is supplied to the appropriate objects to be cleaned, for example, for the cleaning process, the intermediate rinse process; and / or the final rinse process.

In this embodiment, the fan unit LT and the sorption chamber SB are located in the bottom structural unit BG under the bottom VO of the washing chamber SPB. The air duct LK starts from the outlet ALA located above the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB in its side wall SW. Next, the inlet portion RA1 of the duct pipe extends outside this side wall SW down to the fan unit LT in the bottom structural unit BG. Through the connecting portion VA of the air duct LK, the outlet of the fan unit LT is connected to the inlet EO of the sorption chamber SB in the region near the bottom. The outlet ALA of the washing chamber SPB is located above the bottom BO of the washing chamber, preferably in the central region of the side wall SW and is designed to draw air from the interior of the washing chamber SPB. Alternatively, of course, it is possible to position the outlet ALA in the rear wall RW (see FIG. 2) of the washing chamber SPB. Essentially, in particular, a variant is advantageous in which the outlet is preferably at least above the level of the foam (that is, the level to which the foam generated during cleaning can rise), preferably in the upper half of the SPB washing chamber one of its side walls SW and / or on the back wall. It may also be advisable that in at least one side wall, in the lid and / or in the rear wall of the washing chamber SPB there are several outlet openings which are connected by at least one duct to one or more inlets, which are located in the housing of the sorption chamber SB in the area preceding the sorption material of this chamber.

Preferably, the LT fan unit is configured as an axial fan. It serves to force the supply of wet and hot air LU from the washing chamber SPB to the sorption element SE in the sorption chamber SB. The sorption element SE contains a reversibly dehydrogenated sorption material ZEO, which can absorb and accumulate moisture from the LU air passing through it. Near the cover of the housing of the sorption chamber SB, on the upper side, there is an outlet AO (see FIGS. 4, 5), which is connected by an outlet element AUS through the through hole DG (see FIG. 13) in the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB with the interior this camera. Thus, during the drying phase (dishwashing program), in which the cleaned items are dried, the moist and hot air LU can be sucked from the interior of the washing chamber SPB through the outlet ALA into the inlet portion RA1 of the duct LK with the included fan unit LT . Air can then be transferred through the connecting portion VA into the sorption chamber SB in order to force the reversible dehydrogenated sorption material ZEO in the sorption element SE. The sorption material ZEO of the sorption element SE draws water from the passing moist air, whereby after passing the sorption element SE, the dried air can be blown into the washing chamber SPB through the outlet or blower element AUS. Thus, a closed system of air circulation through this TS sorption drying system is realized. The spatial arrangement of the various components of this sorption drying system TS is shown in a schematic perspective view (FIG. 2), as well as in a schematic side view (FIG. 3). Figure 3 additionally shows the dotted outline of the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB, which helps to improve the understanding of the spatial-geometric structure of the sorption drying system TS.

Preferably, the ALA outlet is located above the bottom of the BO in a position that allows the maximum volume of moist and hot air LU to be drawn in or drawn out from the upper half of the washing chamber SPB into the air duct LK. After the cleaning process, in particular the process of final rinsing with a heated liquid, moist and hot air is collected, preferably above the bottom BO, in particular, in the upper half of the washing chamber SPB. Preferably, the ALA outlet is located vertically above the level of the foam that may form during normal washing or in the event of a malfunction. In particular, the formation of foam can be caused by detergent added to the water during the cleaning process. In addition, the position of the outlet or outlet ALA is advantageously selected so that a rising portion is accessible to the inlet portion RA1 of the duct pipe LK on the side wall SW. In addition, the outlet located in the area of the lid, the central region and / or the upper region of the side wall SW and / or the rear wall RW of the washing chamber SPB, can reliably prevent a situation in which water could be directly injected into the air duct LK from the sump ( at the bottom of the washing chamber) or from the liquid injection system through the ALA outlet of the washing chamber SPB, after which it could enter the sorption chamber SB. As a result, the ZEO sorption material in this chamber could be unacceptably wet, partially damaged, become unusable or even completely destroyed.

In the sorption chamber SB, in front of the sorption element SE located therein, there is at least one heating device HZ for desorbing and thereby regenerating the sorption material ZEO in the flow direction. The heating device HZ is used to heat the air LU, which can be drawn through the duct LK into the sorption chamber using the LT fan unit. This forced heated air draws the accumulated liquid, in particular water, from the ZEO sorption material as it passes through the ZEO sorption material. Water taken from the ZEO sorption material is transferred by heated air through the outlet element AUS of the sorption chamber SB into the washing chamber. Preferably, such a desorption process occurs when heating or liquid is desired for the cleaning process or other washing process of a subsequent dishwashing program. In this case, air heated for the desorption process by the HZ heating device and passing through the sorption material of the sorption chamber can be simultaneously used to heat the liquid in the SPB washing chamber (as the only heating means or in addition to a conventional water heater), which saves energy.

Figure 2 presents a perspective view of the main components of the sorption drying system TS, located on the side wall SW and in the bottom structural unit BG (partially open), with the door TR of the dishwasher GS of Figure 1 open. Figure 3 presents the corresponding combination of components of the TS system sorption drying (side view). The inlet portion RA1 of the duct pipe LK comprises, counting from its inlet port EI (located in the outlet region ALA of the washing chamber SPB), a portion AU of the pipe rising upward relative to the gravity vector, and then a portion AB of the pipe falling downward relative to the force vector SKR gravity. The ascending pipe section AU extends upward with a slight slope relative to the vertical gravity vector SKR and passes into a curved section KRA, which has a convex shape and forces the incoming air stream LS1 to change its direction by approximately 180 ° downward into the adjacent section of the pipe AB passing through essentially vertically down. This section ends in the LT fan unit. In this embodiment, the first upward portion of the pipe section AU, the curved section KRA and the subsequent downward section of the pipe AB form a flat channel, which in cross section has a substantially flat rectangle shape.

Inside the curved section KRA, one or more guide or drain ribs AR is provided, the shape of which corresponds to the curvature of this section. In this embodiment, several arcuate drainage ribs AR are nested into each other, essentially concentrically and are located inside the curved section KRA at a certain transverse distance from each other (with some clearance between them). In this embodiment, these ribs partially extend into the ascending portion of the pipe AU and into the descending portion of the pipe AB. These drain ribs AR are located in height above the outlet ALA of the washing chamber SPB or the inlet EI of the inlet portion RA1 of the duct pipe LK. These drainage ribs AR serve to receive droplets of liquid and / or condensate from the air stream LS1 drawn in from the washing chamber SPB. In the region of the ascending portion AU of the pipe, liquid droplets accumulated on the guide ribs AR can flow in the direction of the ALA outlet. In the region of the descending portion AB of the pipe, droplets of liquid can drain from the guide ribs AR in the direction of the return rib RR. In this case, the return rib RR is located inside the descending section of the pipe AB in the place that is located above the outlet ALA of the washing chamber SPB or above the inlet EI of the duct LK. In this case, the return rib RR inside the descending section of the pipe AB forms a drainage bevel, and its axis coincides with the axis of the transverse connecting pipe RF in the direction of the outlet ALA of the washing chamber SPB. In this case, the transverse connecting pipe RF overlaps the intermediate space between the shoulder of the rising pipe section AU and the shoulder of the lowering pipe section AB. In this case, the transverse connecting pipe RF connects to each other the inner space of the ascending portion of the pipe AU and the inner space of the descending portion of the pipe AB. The inclination of the return rib RR and the adjacent coaxial transverse connecting pipe RF is selected so that the return of condensate or other liquid droplets that flow down from the drain ribs AR in the region of the descending portion AB of the pipe to the outlet ALA of the washing chamber SPB is guaranteed.

Preferably, the drain ribs AR are located on the inner wall of the duct LK, remote from the side wall SW of the washing chamber, since the temperature of this inner wall of the duct located on the outside is lower than the temperature of the inner wall of the duct facing the washing chamber SPB. On this colder inner wall, the condensate settles better than on the inner wall of the duct LK facing the side wall SW. It may also be sufficient if the drainage ribs AR are made in the form of jumpers that will protrude from the inner wall of the duct LK, located on the outside, only part of the total width of the duct (made in the form of a flat channel) in the direction of the inner wall of the duct located with the inner side and facing the side wall of the SW. Due to this, the lateral part of the channel cross section will remain free for air passage. If necessary, it may be appropriate if the drain ribs AR pass through the entire channel from the inner wall of the duct located on the outside to the inner wall of the duct LK located on the inside. Due to this, in particular, in the curved section of the KRA can be implemented directional movement and deflection of the air. In this way, air turbulence forming interference is largely prevented. Thus, through the LK duct, made in the form of a flat channel, you can transfer the desired amount of air.

Preferably, the return rib RR is located on the inner side of the inner wall of the duct LK located outside, and is made in the form of a jumper, which protrudes in the direction of the inner wall of the duct LK, located on the inner side, and occupies part of the total width of the flat duct LK. This ensures that in the region of the return rib RR, a sufficient portion of the channel cross section will remain free for the passage of air flow LS1. Of course, it may be appropriate to have an alternative option in which the return rib RR will pass through the entire channel from the inner wall of the duct located on the outside to the inner wall of the duct LK located on the inside, leaving, for example, through holes.

In particular, the drainage ribs AR and the returning rib RR also serve to deposit water droplets, drops of detergent, drops of air conditioning and / or other aerosols contained in the inlet air LS1, and for their removal through the outlet ALA in the washing chamber SPB. This is advantageous, in particular, for the desorption process, if at the same time the cleaning step is performed. During this cleaning step, relatively much vapor or mist may be present in the washing chamber of the SPB, caused in particular by spraying liquid through nozzle arms SA. Such steam or mist may contain a fine suspension of water, detergent, conditioner, and other detergents. For such liquid particles entrained by the fine air dispersion stream LS1, the downstream ribs AR form a deposition device. Alternatively, instead of the drainage ribs AR, other deposition means can be advantageously provided, in particular multi-edge structures, for example a wire mesh.

In particular, the pipe section AU that rises at an angle or substantially vertically upwards serves to substantially eliminate the direct ingress of liquid droplets or even spray jets discharged by a spray device SA, for example a nozzle console during a cleaning process or other process washing, along with the suction stream LS1 of air to the sorption material of the sorption chamber. In the absence of such retention or precipitation of liquid droplets, in particular mist or vapor droplets, ZEO sorption material could be unacceptably wet and unusable. In particular, premature saturation with liquid droplets, such as mist or vapor, could occur. Due to the inlet rising branch AU of the passage channel, as well as one or more precipitating or trapping elements in the region of the upper bend or the top of the curved section KRA, which is located between the rising branch AU and the lowering branch AB of the passage channel, drops of detergent, air conditioning are largely prevented. and / or other aerosols through this barrier in a downward direction and falling onto the LT fan, and from it into the SB sorption chamber. Of course, instead of a combination of the ascending section of the pipe AU and the descending section of the pipe AB, as well as instead of one or more precipitating elements, a barrier of a different design can fulfill the same functions.

Summarizing the above, the GS dishwasher in this embodiment comprises a drying device for drying the objects to be cleaned by sorption using a reversibly dehydrated sorption material ZEO, which is placed in the sorption chamber SE. This chamber is connected to the washing chamber SPB, at least one duct LK, designed to create a stream LS1 of air. The inlet section RA1 of the duct pipe in cross section has a substantially flat rectangle shape. After its inlet portion RA1, the duct passes (in the flow direction) into a substantially cylindrical pipe portion VA. Preferably, this section is made of at least one polymeric material. This section is located, in particular, between the side wall SW and / or the rear wall RW of the washing chamber and the outer wall of the housing of the dishwasher. In this case, the duct LK comprises at least one pipe section AU rising upward. This section extends upward from the outlet ALA of the washing chamber SPB. In addition, behind the ascending pipe section AU (in the flow direction), it advantageously comprises at least one lowering pipe section AB. Between the ascending pipe section AU and the lowering pipe section AB, at least one curved section KRA is provided. In particular, the cross-sectional area of the curved portion KRA exceeds the cross-sectional area of the ascending portion AU of the pipe and / or the descending portion of the AB pipe. Inside the curved section KRA, one or more guide ribs AR are provided for leveling the airflow LS1. At least one of the guide ribs AR, if necessary, leaves the curved portion KRA to the rising portion AU of the pipe and / or the lowering portion AB of the pipe. One or more guide ribs AR are located, in particular, above the ALA outlet of the washing chamber SPB. A corresponding guide rib AR extends from the wall of the duct facing the body of the washing chamber to the opposite wall of the duct remote from the body of the washing chamber, preferably extending substantially over the entire width of the duct. At least one return rib RR is located inside the descending portion of the pipe AB on the wall of the duct facing the body of the washing chamber, and / or on the wall of the duct remote from the body of the washing chamber, above the inlet EI of the duct LK. The return rib RR is connected (for condensate drainage) to the inlet EI of the duct LK by a transverse connecting pipe RF, which runs in the intermediate space between the ascending pipe section AU and the lowering pipe section AB. It is inclined towards the inlet EI. The return rib extends from the wall of the duct facing the body of the washing chamber, in the direction of the wall of the duct LK, remote from the body of the washing chamber, and preferably occupies only a portion of the cross section of the duct.

In Fig. 3, the descending branch AB of the air duct LK enters the fan unit LT substantially vertically. The suction air stream LS1 is blown out from the outlet of the fan unit LT through the tubular connecting portion VA into the inlet pipe ES of the sorption chamber SB connected to it, located in the bottom region of this chamber. In this case, the air flow LS1 enters the lower part of the sorption chamber SB in the direction of entry ESR (in this case, in particular, essentially horizontal) and deviates in the different direction of passage DSR in which it passes through the inside of the sorption chamber SB. This direction of passage of the DSR passes through the sorption chamber SB from the bottom up. In particular, the inlet pipe ES deflects the incoming air stream LS1 into the sorption chamber SB so that it deviates from its direction of entry ESR, in particular by approximately 90 ° in the direction DSR of the passage of the sorption chamber SB.

According to FIG. 3, the sorption chamber SB is substantially freely suspended under the bottom BO in the bottom structural unit BG of the washing chamber SPB so that a predetermined minimum clearance LS remains between it and adjacent components and / or parts of the bottom structural unit BG (see also FIG. .10) designed to protect against overheating. For the sorption chamber SB, freely suspended under the bottom BO of the washing chamber, that is, in this case, the cover of the bottom structural unit BG, at least one transport protective element TRS is provided at a predetermined distance FRA. This element is installed in such a way that it supports the sorption chamber SB from below if it falls down from its freely suspended position during transportation. At least in the region of the sorption element SE of the sorption chamber SB, at least one outer housing AG is provided in addition to the inner housing IG of this chamber. This external case is installed so that the overall body of the GT camera is double. That is, between the inner casing IG and the outer casing AG there is an air gap LS that acts as a heat insulating layer. Due to the fact that the wall of the sorption chamber SB, at least around the sorption element SE of this chamber, is partially or completely at least double, in addition to or independently of the freely suspended position of the sorption chamber SB, additional protection against overheating is provided. This additional protection against overheating adequately protects, possibly, existing neighboring units and components of the bottom structural unit BG from unacceptable overheating or burnout.

Essentially, the housing of the sorption chamber SB has such a geometric shape that provides sufficient clearance along its perimeter to the remaining parts or components of the bottom structural unit BG, which serves as protection against overheating. For example, for this purpose, there is a concavity AF on the wall SW2 of the housing of the sorption chamber SB facing the back wall RW of the bottom structural assembly BG, the shape of which follows the shape of the back wall RW facing it.

The sorption chamber SB is located on the lower side of the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB, in particular in the region of the through hole DG (see FIGS. 3, 13) of the bottom BO. This is shown, in particular, in a schematic side view (figure 3). In this figure, the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB has a slope from its outer edges ARA to the FSB collection area. The sorption chamber SB is mounted on the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB so that its cover DEL extends substantially parallel to the lower side of the bottom BO and at a predetermined distance LSP from it. For free suspension of the sorption chamber SB, a connection is provided between at least one connecting unit on the lower side of the bottom of the sorption chamber SB, in particular the SO base, and the assembly on the upper side of the bottom (in particular, the outlet element AUS) of the sorption chamber SB in the through area DG holes in the bottom of the washing chamber SPB. The connection is, in particular, a clamping connection. The clamping connection can be realized by a detachable, in particular, screw connection with or without bayonet lock BJ (see Fig. 13), which connects the assembly from the lower side of the bottom of the sorption chamber SB and the assembly from the upper side of the bottom of the sorption chamber SB. The edge region RZ (see FIG. 13) around the through-hole DG of the bottom BO is clamped between the outlet assembly on the bottom side of the bottom, for example, the socle SO of the sorption chamber SB, and the outlet or splash guard element AUS located above the bottom BO. 13, in order to simplify the figure, the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB and the lower assembly from the lower side of the bottom are shown in dashed lines. The end end of the outlet assembly from the lower side of the bottom and / or the spray protection element AUS from the upper side of the bottom passes through the through hole DG of the bottom CO. The bottom outlet assembly comprises an SO cap surrounding the outlet AO of the cover DEL of the sorption chamber SB. The AUS splash guard on the top of the bottom contains an AKP outlet and splash guard SH. At least one sealing element DI1 is provided between the node AUS on the upper side of the bottom and the node SO on the lower side of the bottom.

Summarizing the aforesaid, the sorption chamber SB is largely freely suspended under the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB in such a way that it stands at a predetermined minimum distance LSP from neighboring components and parts of the bottom structural unit BG in order to protect against overheating. Under the sorption chamber SB, a transport protective element TRS is additionally provided, fixed to the bottom of the bottom structural unit at a predetermined distance FRA. This transport protective element TRS serves to, if necessary, support the sorption chamber SB suspended freely below the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB when, for example, it swings down together with the bottom BO due to shaking during transportation. Such a transport protective element TRS may be formed, in particular, by a downwardly curved U-shaped metal bracket, which is fixed at the bottom of the bottom structural unit. At the top of the sorption chamber SB, on its cover DEL, there is an outlet AO. Around the outer edge of this outlet AO is an upward facing SO base. A cylindrical nozzle STE of the cap (see FIGS. 4, 5, 9, 13) is inserted into the opening of this SO base, which is approximately circular in shape (see Figures 4, 5, 9, 13), which protrudes upward and serves as a mating part for the outlet pipe or blow-off branch pipe AKT attached to it. Preferably, it has an external thread with a built-in bayonet lock BJ, which accordingly interacts with the internal thread of the AKT blow-off branch pipe. On the upper side of the SO base there is a receiving edge that concentrically surrounds the STE base pipe and on which the O-ring DI1 is located. It is shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 9, 13. In this case, the sorption chamber SB is tightly pressed by this sealing ring DI1 to the lower side of the bottom BO. The sorption chamber is held at a distance LSP from the lower side of the bottom of the BO due to the height of the SO base. From the upper side of the bottom BO, the exhaust pipe AKT passes down through the through hole DG of the bottom BO and is screwed to the conjugated pipe STE of the base and is also secured against opening with the bayonet lock BJ. In this case, the outlet AKT is located around the perimeter of the outer edge region RZ of the bottom BO around the through hole DG and fits snugly with the annular outer edge APR to this region. This effect is achieved due to the fact that the outer edge region RZ of the bottom BO around the through hole DG is tightly clamped between the annular lower abutment edge APR of the blow-off branch pipe AKT and the upper abutment edge of the base SO through the O-ring DI1 located there. Since the O-ring DI1 is pressed from the bottom to the bottom of the BO, it is protected from possible damage and aging due to detergents contained in the flushing liquid. In this way, a hermetic end-to-end connection is provided between the AKT outlet and the SO base. Advantageously, such a connection simultaneously operates as a device for suspending the sorption chamber SB.

Due to the SO base extending up to the height LSP of the base from the rest of the surface of the DEL lid, a gap is guaranteed between the DEL lid and the lower side of the bottom BO. In this embodiment (FIG. 3), the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB is inclined from its edge region around the perimeter of the side walls SW and the rear wall RW in the direction of the liquid collecting region FSB, which is preferably located in the center. Underneath it may be the sump PSU of the circulation pump UWP (see Fig. 16). In Fig. 3, the bottom BO inclined from the outside inward to the deeper collecting area FSB is shown by a dotted line. The location of the PSU sump with the UWP circulation pump installed in it under the deeper FSB assembly area is shown in a horizontal projection of the bottom structural unit BG (see FIG. 16). Preferably, the sorption chamber SB is mounted on the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB so that its lid DEL extends substantially parallel to the lower side of the bottom BO and at a predetermined distance LSP from it. For this purpose, the SO cap on the STE cap of the cap located therein is mounted at an appropriate angle to the normal to the surface of the cover DEL.

In accordance with figures 4 and 10, the sorption chamber SB includes a cup-shaped part GT of the housing, which is closed by a lid DEL. At least one sorption element SE with reversibly dehydrogenated sorption material ZEO is located in the cup-shaped part GT of the housing. The sorption element SE is located in the cup-shaped part GT of the casing so that its sorption material ZEO can be blown by the air stream LS2, essentially in the direction of the gravity vector or in the opposite direction. This stream LS2 is formed due to the deviation of the stream LS1 of air passing through the duct LK. The sorption element SE contains at least one lower sieve or grate US and at least one upper sieve or grate OS, which are located at a predetermined distance H in height from each other (see, in particular, figure 9). The space between both US or OS sieves or gratings is largely filled with ZEO sorption material. At least one heating device HZ is located in the bowl-shaped part GT of the housing. The heating device HZ is located (in the DSR direction of passage of the sorption chamber SB), in particular, in front of the sorption element SE containing the reversibly dehydrogenated sorption material ZEO. A heating device HZ is provided in the lower cavity UH of the cup-shaped part GT of the housing, in which air LS1 coming from the duct LK is collected. In the bowl-shaped part GT of the housing is an inlet EO for the duct LK. AO outlet for AUS outlet is located in the DEL cap. For the lid DEL and the cup-shaped part GT of the casing, preferably a heat-resistant material is used, in particular a metal sheet, preferably stainless steel or a stainless alloy. The DEL lid substantially seals the cup-shaped portion GT of the housing. The outer edge around the perimeter of the lid DEL is connected to the upper edge of the cup-shaped part GT of the casing only mechanically, in particular by means of deformation, a joint, clamps, clamps, in particular a collar or rivets. This method is technologically simple and provides a stable heat-resistant and tight connection. The cup-shaped part GT of the housing has one or more side walls SW1, SW2 (see FIG. 5), which are oriented essentially vertically. The external contours of this part essentially correspond to the internal contours of the mounting space EBR intended for it, which is provided, in particular, in the bottom structural unit BG (see FIG. 16). Both adjacent side walls SW1, SW2 have outer surfaces that are oriented essentially at right angles to each other. At least one side wall, for example, SW2, contains at least one recess, for example AF (see FIG. 3), the shape of which essentially corresponds to the shape of the back wall and / or side wall of the bottom structural unit BG, located under the bottom of the BO washing chamber SPB. The sorption chamber SB is located in the rear corner region EBR between the rear wall RW and the adjacent side wall SW of the dishwasher GS, in particular its bottom structural unit BG.

The cup-shaped part GT of the housing has at least one through hole DUF intended for at least one electrical contact AF1, AF2 (see FIG. 4). In the overlapping area above the through hole DUF, a drop sheet TSB is provided, the length of which at least corresponds to the area occupied by these holes. The drip-proof TSB sheet has a drain slope.

Figure 4 presents a schematic and perspective explosive view of the various components of the sorption chamber SB in an exploded state. The components of the sorption chamber SB are arranged vertically one above the other at several levels. This design of the sorption chamber SB in the form of layers (vertically from bottom to top) is clearly shown, in particular, in section (figure 9) and in perspective view in section (figure 10). The sorption chamber SB comprises a lower cavity UH, which is located near the bottom and is designed to collect air entering through the approximately horizontal inlet pipe ES. Above this lower cavity UH there is a slotted sheet SK, which serves to condition the air flow entering the tubular heater HZ located above it. In this case, the sheet SK with slots is seated on the supporting edge enveloping the inner space of the sorption chamber SB along the perimeter. This abutment edge is spaced a predetermined height distance from the inside of the bottom of the sorption chamber SB in order to form a lower cavity UH. Preferably, the slotted sheet SK comprises one or more clamps, allowing it to be fixed laterally on a part of the surface, at least on the inner wall of the sorption chamber SB. Due to this, reliable fixing of the SK sheet with slots can be realized. According to the view of the sheet with slots from below (see FIG. 6), this sheet contains slots SL, which essentially correspond to the path of the turns of the tubular heater located above the sheet SK with slots. In this case, the slots or oblong openings SL of the sheet SK with slots in those places in which the air stream LS1 entering the sorption chamber SB substantially horizontally has a lower speed in the (essentially vertical) direction DSR of the passage of the sorption chamber SB, are larger, that is, wider than in those places where the air flow LS1 has a higher speed in the direction DSR of the passage of the sorption chamber SB. Due to this, the local sectional profile of the air flow LS2, which passes through the sorption chamber SB from the bottom up in the direction of passage DSR, is substantially aligned. Moreover, in the framework of the invention, by leveling the local profile of the cross section of the air flow, it is understood, in particular, a situation in which essentially the same volume of air passes through any point of entry of the passage surface at approximately the same flow rate.

The tubular heater HZ is located (in the flow direction of the DSR flow) at a predetermined height above the slotted sheet SK. To do this, it can be held with the help of several sheet parts VT made in the form of jumpers at a certain height above the slots SL. Moreover, such sheet parts W (see Fig.6), preferably alternately support the tubular heater from the bottom and top throughout. As a result, firstly, reliable fixing of the tubular heater HZ over the slit sheet SK is ensured, and secondly, curvature of the sheet SK with slots that could occur under the influence of heat from the tubular heater HZ is largely prevented. In the flow direction DSR, behind the tubular heater HZ, there is a free intermediate space ZR (see Fig. 9), after which the air flow LS2, rising essentially from the bottom up, enters the inlet surface SDF of the sorption element SE. At the entrance of this sorption element SE is a lower sieve or grate US. At a certain distance H in height from this sieve or grating US, an upper sieve or grating OS is located at the output of the element. For both US, OS sieves, discontinuous or solid support edges are provided on the inner walls of the sorption chamber, allowing the US, OS sieves to be installed and held in an appropriate height position. Preferably, both US, OS screens are parallel to each other at this predetermined distance H in height from each other. The space between the lower US sieve and the upper OS sieve is filled with ZEO sorption material so that the volume between the two US, OS sieves is substantially fully occupied. When the sorption chamber SB is mounted, the inlet sieve US and the outlet sieve OS are arranged essentially in horizontal planes (relative to the vertical central axis of the sorption chamber SB and relative to the direction DSR of its passage) one above the other and at a predetermined distance H in height from each other. In other words, in this embodiment, the sorption element SE is formed by the sorption material ZEO filling the volume between the lower sieve US and the upper sieve OS. In the direction of the DSR of passage above the sorption element SE, an upper OH cavity is provided for collecting exhaust air. This exhaust air LS2 is directed through the outlet AO of the socket STE of the base into the exhaust inlet of the AKT, from where it is blown into the interior of the washing chamber SPB.

The slit sheet SK performs the conditioning of the flow or acts on the flow of air LS2 rising from the bottom up in the direction of passage DSR, so that essentially the same volume of air passes through the tubular heater at substantially any point of its longitudinal extension. The combination of the slit sheet and the tubular heater HZ located above it substantially ensures that the air flow LS2 can be substantially uniformly heated during the desorption process in front of the inlet surface of the lower sieve US of the sorption element SE. Moreover, the slit sheet provides a substantially uniform local distribution of the heated air flow over the inlet surface STF of the sorption element SE.

In addition to the slit sheet SK, or independently of it, if necessary, it may be appropriate to have a heating device located outside the sorption chamber SB in the connecting section between the fan unit LT and the inlet of the sorption chamber SB. Since the cross-sectional area of this tubular connecting portion VA is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the sorption chamber SB for the passage of air flow, the air stream LS1 can be substantially uniformly heated for the desorption process before it even enters the sorption chamber SB. In this case, if necessary, you can completely abandon the sheet SK with slots.

In particular, if air is heated by a heating device in the sorption chamber SB, if necessary, it may be expedient that in front of the heating device HZ and after it (in the direction DSR of passage of the sorption chamber SB) at least one air conditioning element. Moreover, such an element is positioned so that approximately the same amount of air can pass through the volume of the sorption material ZEO behind the inlet surface SDF of the lower sieve US at any point. Due to this, in particular, even during the sorption process, when the heating device HZ is deactivated, that is, turned off, the effect is largely achieved of the full participation of the entire sorption drying material in the selection of moisture from the passing air LS1. Similarly, during the desorption process, in which the passing air LS2 is heated by the heating device HZ, the accumulated water is again removed from the entire sorption material located in the intermediate space between the two screens US, OS. As a result, the ZEO sorption material at each point within this space can be drained substantially completely and thereby be regenerated for the subsequent drying process.

The surface area SDF of the passage of the sorption element SE inside the sorption chamber SB in this embodiment is larger than the cross-sectional area of the final inlet pipe ES of the air duct LK or the tubular connecting portion VA. Preferably, the surface area SDF of the passage of the sorption material is 2–40 times, in particular 4–30 times, preferably 5–25 times larger than the cross-sectional area of the inlet pipe ES of the air duct LK, which is measured at the inlet area of this pipe into the inlet EO sorption chamber SB.

Summarizing the above, the sorption material ZEO fills the bulk volume between the lower sieve US and the upper sieve OS so that the surface SDF of the flow inlet and the surface SAF of the flow outlet are oriented essentially perpendicular to the vertical direction of the DSR passage. The lower US sieve, the upper OS sieve, and the ZEO sorption material between them form similar passage surfaces through which air LS2 passes. Due to this, it is largely possible to pass a stream of approximately the same volume through any point of the sorption material in the volume of the sorption element SE. As a result, during desorption, local overheating and, thus, possible damage to the ZEO sorption material are largely excluded. Thus, during sorption, it becomes possible to uniformly take moisture from the air to be drained and, thereby, the optimal use of the sorption material ZEO present in the sorption element SE.

Summarizing the above, in particular, it may turn out to be advisable that in the sorption chamber SB and / or in the inlet section VA, ES of the pipe (which faces the sorption chamber SB from the inlet side) the air duct LK, in particular after at least one LT fan unit installed in the duct LK has one or more flow conditioning elements SK. Such elements are provided with one or more slots SL for air in such a way as to ensure alignment of the local cross-sectional profile of the air stream LS2, which passes through the sorption chamber SB from the bottom up in the direction of passage DSR. In the direction DSR of the passage of the sorption chamber SB, at least one air conditioning element SK is provided in the lower cavity UH of this chamber along the height axis in front of the heating device HZ. In this embodiment, a sheet with slots or holes is used as the SK air conditioning element. The slots SL in the sheet SK correspond essentially to the turns of the tubular heater HZ, which is located at some distance above the slots SL of the sheet with slots and serves as a heating device. The slit sheet is arranged substantially parallel to and at some distance from the surface of the SDF for air inlet of the sorption element SE of the sorption chamber SB. In those places of the air conditioning element SK, in which the air stream LS1 entering the sorption chamber SB has a lower speed in the direction DSR of the passage of the sorption chamber SB, the size of the air holes, in particular the slots SL, is preferably larger than in those places in which the air stream LS1 entering the sorption chamber SB has a higher speed in the direction DSR of the passage of the sorption chamber SB.

Summarizing the aforesaid, the sorption drying system has the following specific conditions for the passage of a stream in the region of the sorption chamber. The air duct LK is connected to the sorption chamber SB in such a way that the inlet air stream LS1 enters the sorption chamber SB in the direction of entry ESR and deviates in a different passage direction DSR in which it passes through the interior of the sorption chamber SB. The discharge direction of the air stream LS2 exiting the sorption chamber SB corresponds essentially to the direction of passage DSR. The inlet portion RA1 of the duct pipe LK enters the sorption chamber SB in such a way that the direction ESR of its entry changes to the direction DSR of passage of the sorption chamber SB at an angle, in particular from 45 ° to 135 °, preferably about 90 °. At least one fan unit LT is arranged in front of the sorption chamber SB (in the flow direction) in the inlet portion RA1 of the air duct LK, for creating an forced airflow LS1 in the direction of at least one inlet EO of the sorption chamber SB. The LT fan unit is installed in the bottom assembly under the SPB washing chamber. The surface area SDF of the passage of the sorption material ZEO inside the sorption chamber SB in this embodiment is larger than the surface area of the passage of the inlet pipe ES of the air duct LK entering the inlet EO of the sorption chamber SB. Preferably, the surface area SDF of passage of the sorption chamber SB is 2-40 times, in particular 4-30 times, preferably 5-25 times larger than the surface area of the passage of the final inlet pipe ES of the air duct LK entering the inlet EO of the sorption chamber SB. At least one sorption element SE with sorption material ZEO is located in the sorption chamber SB so that the air stream LS1 entering the sorption chamber SB from the washing chamber SPB through the duct LK can pass through the sorption material ZEO essentially in the direction which corresponds to or opposite to the gravity vector. The sorption element SE of the sorption chamber SB comprises at least one lower sieve or grate US and at least one upper sieve or grate OS, which are located at a predetermined distance H in height from each other, and the space between both sieves or gratings US, OS is largely filled with ZEO sorption material. In particular, the entry surface SDF and the exit surface SAF of the sorption element SE of the sorption chamber SB have substantially the same area. Furthermore, the entry surface SDF and the exit surface SAF of the sorption element SE of the sorption chamber SB are suitably arranged substantially similar to each other. The sorption chamber (in the direction of the DSR passage) contains at least one lamination, consisting of a lower cavity UH and located above it (in the direction of the DSR passage) sorption element SE. At least one heating device HZ is located in the lower chamber cavity UH. In the sorption chamber SB above the sorption element SE, there is at least one upper cavity OH intended to collect the exhaust air LS2. The sorption material ZEO fills the bulk volume in the sorption element SE of the sorption chamber SB so that a flow entry surface SDF is formed that is substantially perpendicular to the flow direction DSR and a flow exit surface SAP that is substantially parallel to the first surface. At the top cover DEL of the sorption chamber there is at least one outlet AO, which is connected through the through hole DG in the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB to the interior of the washing chamber by means of at least one outlet AKT.

Advantageously, the sorption material ZEO is located in the sorption chamber SB in the form of a sorption element SE so that essentially the same amount of air can pass through essentially any point of entry of the surface SDF of the passage of the sorption element SE. Preferably, as the sorption material ZEO, an alumina and / or silicon oxide-containing reversible dehydrogenated material, silica gel and / or zeolite, in particular zeolite type A, X, Y, individually or in any combination, is used. Advantageously, the sorption material is poured into the sorption chamber SB in the form of a granular solid or granulate with a plurality of particles with a size of substantially 1 to 6 mm, in particular 2.4 to 4.8 mm. Moreover, the height H of the layer of loaded particles is at least 5 times greater than the grain size. The sorption material ZEO, present in the form of a granular solid or granulate, is expediently poured into the sorption chamber in the direction of the gravity vector by a layer whose height is essentially 5–40 times, in particular 10–15 times the particle size of the granular solid or granulate. Preferably, the height H of the poured layer of the sorption material ZEO is essentially from 1.5 to 25 cm, in particular from 2 to 8 cm, preferably from 4 to 6 cm. Preferably, the granular solid or granulate may consist of a plurality of essentially spherical particles. Advantageously, the ZEO sorption material, made in the form of a granular solid or granulate, expediently has an average filling density of at least 500 kg / m ³ , in particular essentially from 500 to 800 kg / m ³ , in particular from 600 to 700 kg / m ³ , in particular from 630 to 650 kg / m ³ , in particular preferably about 640 kg / m ³ .

It is advisable that the weight amount of the reversibly dehydrogenated sorption material ZEO in the sorption chamber SB, designed to absorb moisture carried by the air stream LS2, is selected so that the amount of liquid absorbed by the sorption material ZEO is less than the amount of liquid supplied to the objects to be cleaned, in particular , in the final rinse.

In particular, it may turn out to be expedient that in the sorption chamber SB such a weight quantity of reversibly dehydrogenated sorption material is provided that is sufficient to absorb the amount of moisture corresponding essentially to the volume of liquid that remains on the objects to be cleaned at the end of the final rinse. The amount of water absorbed is preferably from 4 to 25%, in particular from 5 to 15% of the volume of liquid supplied to the objects to be cleaned.

It is advisable that a weighted amount of ZEO sorption material is comprised in the sorption chamber SB, which is essentially 0.2 to 5 kg, in particular 0.3 to 3 kg, preferably 0.5 to 2.5 kg.

In particular, the sorption material ZEO contains pores having, preferably, a size of essentially from 1 to 12 angstroms, in particular from 2 to 10 angstroms, preferably from 3 to 8 angstroms.

Advantageously, the water absorption capacity of this material is essentially from 15 to 40, preferably from 20 to 30 weight percent of its dry weight.

In particular, desorption of the sorption material is possible at a temperature of essentially from 80 ° to 450 ° C, in particular from 220 ° to 250 ° C.

The air duct, the sorption chamber and / or one or more additional elements directing the flow are expediently designed so that an air stream can flow through the sorption material for sorption and / or desorption at a speed of essentially 2 to 15 l / s, in particular from 4 to 7 l / s.

In particular, it may be expedient that at least one HZ heating device is attached to the ZEO sorption material, which can provide equivalent heating power from 250 to 2500 W, in particular from 1000 to 1800 W, preferably from 1200 to 1500 W, for heating the sorption material in order to desorption.

Preferably, the ratio of the heating power of at least one heating device attached to the sorption material for its desorption and the flow rate of air passing through the sorption material is selected in the range from 100 to 1250 W · sec / l, in particular from 100 to 450 W · sec / l, preferably from 200 to 230 W · sec / l.

Preferably, a passage surface is provided in the sorption chamber for the sorption material, the area of which is essentially from 80 to 800 cm ² , in particular from 150 to 500 cm ² .

Advantageously, the height H of the poured layer of sorption material ZEO above the surface SDF of the entrance of the sorption chamber SB is substantially constant.

In particular, it is advisable that the sorption material in the sorption chamber SB is capable of absorbing water in a volume of essentially from 150 to 400 ml, in particular from 200 to 300 ml.

In addition, at least one component of the sorption drying system TS is provided with at least one thermal overheat protection device TSI (see FIGS. 4, 6, 8, 9). Preferably, such a component may be an assembly of the sorption chamber SB. At least one thermal TSI thermal protection device may be connected to this assembly. In this case, the thermal overheating protection device TSI is located externally on the sorption chamber SB. At least one electrical overheat protection unit is used as the TSI thermal overheat protection device. In this embodiment, it is connected to a heating device HZ, which is located in the sorption chamber SB.

In the embodiment according to figures 4, 6, 8 and 9, the electric overheat protection unit is placed in the external recess EBU on the inner housing IG of the sorption chamber SB at the height of the heating device HZ. It contains at least one TSA electrical thermal switch and / or at least one SSI fuse (see FIG. 17). The TSA electrical thermal switch and / or the SSI fuse of the overheating protection unit TSI are preferably installed in series in at least one electrical circuit UB1, UB2 of the heating device HZ (see FIG. 8).

In addition, it may be appropriate to have at least one control device NOT, ZE (see FIG. 16), which, in particular, in the event of an error, interrupts the energy supply to the heating device HZ. An error is considered, for example, exceeding the upper temperature limit.

In addition, as a thermal device for protection against overheating, a substantially free suspension of the sorption chamber can be used, in particular, under the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB.

In addition, the thermal overheat protection device may include support for the sorption chamber SB in such a way that there is a predetermined minimum distance LSP between the sorption chamber SB and adjacent components and / or parts of the bottom structural unit BG.

As a thermal overheating protection device, in addition to or independently of the above measures, at least one external housing AG can be used to supplement the internal housing IG of the sorption chamber SB, at least in the region of the sorption element SE of the sorption chamber SB . In this case, between the inner housing IG and the outer housing AG, a heat insulating layer in the form of an air gap LS is provided.

The heating device HZ shown in FIGS. 4, 7, 8, 9 has two connection poles AP1, AP2 which are led out through corresponding through holes in the housing of the sorption chamber SB. Preferably, each connecting pole or contact AP1, AP2 is connected in series with the overheat protection element. The overheat protection elements are combined in the TSI overheat protection unit, which is located externally on the housing of the sorption chamber SB near both contacts AP1, AP2. On Fig presents a diagram of the protection against overheating for the tubular heater HZ from figure 8. On the first hard contact AP1 using a welded joint SWE1 installed the first cable jumper UB1. Accordingly, a second cable jumper UB2 is fixed to the second hard contact AP2 by means of a welded joint SWE2. Via the SV4 plug-in connection, the UP2 cable jumper is electrically connected to the TSA thermal switch. The cable jumper UB1 is electrically connected to the SSI thermoelectric fuse via the SV3 pin contact. On the input side, via the SV1 plug connection, the first supply wire SZL1 is connected to the SSI fuse terminal AF1 brought out. Accordingly, the second supply wire SZL2 is connected to the outwardly exposed terminal AF2 of the TSA thermal switch by means of the SV2 plug connection. In particular, the second supply wire SZL2 may be a neutral wire, while the first supply wire SZL1 may be a “phase”. The TSA thermal switch opens when the first upper temperature limit of the tubular heater HZ is exceeded. As soon as the temperature drops below this value, the thermal switch closes again, as a result of which the heating of the tubular heater HZ resumes. If, however, a critical temperature limit of the tubular heater HZ is reached that exceeds the first limit, the SSI fuse will melt and the electrical circuit of the tubular heater HZ will be open for a long time. Both overheating protection elements of the TSI overheating protection device are in the most dense heat-conducting contact with the inner housing IG of the sorption chamber. They can operate independently of each other when certain temperature limits set for them are exceeded.

In accordance with figures 10, 13, 14, the outlet AKT connected to the outlet AO in the socle SO of the sorption chamber SB passes through the through hole DG of the bottom BO, preferably in the corner region EBR of the washing chamber SPB, which is located outside the surface of rotation covered SA console with nozzles. This is shown in FIG. Essentially, the outlet AKT exits the bottom of the BO at that point in the interior of the washing chamber SPB, which lies outside the surface of rotation created by the lower nozzle console SA. The upper end of the outlet inlet or outlet AKT is covered with a spray guard SH. The spray guard SH covers the exhaust outlet AKP like a cap or fungus. This casing (when viewed from above; see FIG. 12) is completely closed from the upper side, in particular, it is completely closed even from the lower side in the area facing the nozzle console SA. In this embodiment, the spray guard SH has, in a first approximation, the shape of a semicircular cylinder. 12 is a schematic top view of a spray guard SH. On the upper side of the casing in the transition regions GF, URA between the substantially flat upper side of the casing and the side walls that fall substantially vertically downward (when looking from the inside outwards) there are convex flattenings GF (see Fig. 13). When a jet, for example, from the console SA with nozzles enters such transition regions GF, URA flattened or convex along the surface edge, it substantially completely flows around the SH splash guard in the form of a film and cools it during the desorption process.

In order to prevent liquid from entering when spraying through the lower console SA with nozzles through the outlet of the outlet AKP into the sorption chamber SB, the lower edge region UR of the side wall of the spray guard SH, having the form of a fragment of a semicircular cylinder, is bent or bent inward towards the outlet of the AKT. This is clearly seen in FIG. 13. In addition, in the area of the upper edge around the perimeter of the exhaust pipe AKT, a radially outward deflecting element or a shielding element PB, in particular a reflector, is provided. This element extends radially outward into the intermediate space or the gap between the exhaust pipe AKT in the form of a round cylinder and the inner wall of the splash guard SH. In this case, between the outer edge of this shielding element PB and the inner wall of the spray guard SH there remains a free through hole for air flow, which leaves the outlet AKP in the direction of the cover of the spray guard SH and deviates downward to the lower edge UR of the spray guard SH, in particular , about 180 °. The deviation path is indicated in FIG. 13 as ALS. In the embodiment of FIG. 13, the shield element PB protruding outwardly is supported at individual points of the perimeter of its outer edge by jumpers SET, which are supported on the inner side of the side wall of the splash shield SH having the shape of a circle segment. The spray guard SH is located at a certain height above the exhaust pipe AKT, forming a free space or cavity.

On Fig presents a bottom view of the spray guard SH and the exhaust pipe AKT. In this case, the shielding element PB shields the outlet opening of the AKT outlet, essentially in a circle in the form of a laterally projecting edge or jumper. In particular, the shield element PB covers the lower side of the splash guard SH in the region of the rectilinear side wall facing the nozzle console SA. Only in the area of the spray guard SH (which is bent in a semicircle) between the shielding element PB and the outer concentric lateral wall of the spray guard SH radially displaced relative to it, a gap LAO is left, through which air from the outlet pipe AKT can exit into the interior of the washing chamber SPB. In this embodiment (see FIG. 14), the LAO gap has a substantially sickle shape. Due to this, the airflow LS2 is forcibly directed along the deflection path ALS. That is, the air rising vertically upward in the exhaust direction deviates downward, where it can only exit through the sickle-shaped gap LAO (having the shape of a circle segment) in the lower part of the splash guard SH. It is advisable that the outlet AKT protrudes above the bottom of the BO to such a height HO that allows its upper edge to be higher than the filling level of the washing chamber provided for the washing process, or above the level of the resulting foam.

The outlet element AUS, located at the outlet of the sorption chamber SB and protruding into the interior of the washing chamber SPB, is expediently designed so that the airflow LS2 exiting from it is directed away from the console SA with nozzles. In particular, the outgoing air stream LS2 is deflected into the rear or corner corner located between the rear wall RW and the adjacent side wall SW of the washing chamber. In this way, water or foam is prevented from splashing during the cleaning process or other washing process through the outlet of the outlet pipe into the sorption chamber. Such a hit could disrupt or completely nullify the desorption process. In addition, the washing liquid could thoroughly damage the sorption material. Numerous tests have shown that the functionality of the sorption material in the sorption chamber can be largely preserved during the life of the dishwasher if water, detergents and / or conditioner in the washing liquid are reliably excluded from the washing liquid on the sorption material.

Summarizing the aforementioned, at least one outlet device AUS, which is connected to at least one outlet AO of the sorption chamber SB, is located inside the washing chamber SPB in such a way that the air LS2 blown out of it is directed towards at least from at least one spray device SA located in the washing chamber SPB. In this case, the outlet device AUS is located outside the working area of the spray device SA. The spray device may be, for example, a rotating console SA with nozzles. Preferably, the outlet device AUS is located in the rear corner region of the EBR between the rear wall RW and the adjacent side wall SW of the washing chamber SPB. In particular, the outlet device AUS includes an outlet ABO located above the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB at a height HO exceeding the filling level of the washing chamber provided for the washing process. The AUS outlet includes an AKT outlet and SH splash guard. The spray guard SH is shaped to cover the outlet ABO of the outlet AKT. The spray guard SH covers the exhaust outlet AKT so that the air rising through the exhaust AKT from the sorption chamber SB in the upward direction, after leaving the outlet ABO of the exhaust AKT can be forced to deviate downward, passing the path ALS. The outlet AKT, protruding upward above the bottom BO of the washing chamber SPB, is connected to the connecting pipe STE on the cover DEL of the sorption chamber SB located under the bottom BO. The spray guard SH is closed on the upper and lower sides in a region GF of its housing facing the spray device SA. The spray guard SH covers the outlet ABO of the outlet AKT with the formation of a free space at the top. In this case, the AKT outlet pipe has an upper, outwardly convex edge or an annular flange KR. The spray guard SH covers the upper end of the AKT outlet so that an SPF gap remains between its inner surface and the outer surface of the AKT outlet. The gap SPF between the spray guard SH and the exhaust outlet AKP is performed so that an ALS path is provided for the air to exit from the exhaust nozzle AKT, directed away from the spray device SA in the washing chamber SPB. An AK element is provided on the exhaust port of the ACT, deflecting the spray and protruding into the SPF gap. The lower edge region UR of the spray guard SH is bent inward. The outer surface of the spray guard SH is rounded so that a jet falling on it from the spray device SA can spread in the form of a film over this surface.

On Fig presents a schematic longitudinal section of the device for fixing the end tip ET of the duct LK from the inlet side in the area of the outlet ALA in the side wall SW of the washing chamber SPB (see figure 2). The end tip ET of the duct LK protrudes into the inside of the washing chamber SPB so that an annular bead is formed that projects at a right angle from the side wall SW. This collar has an internal thread SG. An annular inlet element IM with an external thread is screwed into this internal thread SG. It also serves as a locking element holding the tip of the ET. This annular locking element comprises a toroidal, annular receiving chamber for the sealing element DI2. Such a sealing element DI2 seals the annular gap between the outer edge of the end end ET of the air duct LK from the intake side and the locking element. In this embodiment, the locking element is, in particular, a threaded ring in the form of a union nut, which is screwed to the inlet end end ET of the duct LK. In this embodiment, the annular locking element IM has a middle clearance MD through which air LU can be drawn in from the interior of the washing chamber SPB.

If necessary, it may be advisable that in the inlet MD of the inlet section ET of the duct pipe LK or in front of it at least one protective element is provided in the form of ribs, between the RIP plates of which there are through passages for the exit of air from the washing chamber. 15, these RIP plates are indicated by dashed lines.

On Fig presents a schematic horizontal projection of the bottom structural site BG. In addition to the LT fan unit, SB sorption chamber, UWP circulation pump, etc. it includes a main controller NOT intended to control and control these elements. In addition, the heating device HZ of the sorption chamber SB during the desorption process is controlled by at least one controller. In this embodiment, this function is performed by the optional ZE controller. It serves to open or close the supply wire SZL of the heating device HZ as necessary. The secondary ZE controller is controlled by the main controller NOT via the BUL bus. The SVL supply wire leads from the primary controller NOT to the secondary ZE controller. This controller also controls the LT fan unit via the SLL control wire. In particular, the power supply cable of the LT fan unit can also be integrated in the SLL control wire.

At least one TSE temperature sensor (see FIG. 2) is connected to the main controller NOT via a signal wire, which supplies the corresponding temperature measurement signals in the interior of the washing chamber to the main controller. In this case, the temperature sensor TSE is suspended between the stiffening ribs VR (see FIG. 3) in the intermediate space between the two shoulders of the inlet portion RA1 of the duct pipe LK. At the same time, it is in contact with the side wall SW of the washing chamber SPB.

If the cleaning process is now started, the main controller will NOT simultaneously turn on the additional ZE controller via the BUL bus so that the voltage is supplied through the supply cable SZL to the contacts AP1, AP2 of the heating device HZ. As soon as a certain predetermined critical upper temperature limit is reached in the interior of the SPB washing chamber, which can be determined by the main controller NOT from the temperature sensor measurement signals, it can instruct the additional ZE controller via the BUL bus to remove the voltage from the supply cable SZL and, thereby , completely switch off the heating device HZ. Thus, for example, the process of desorption of the sorption material in the sorption chamber can be reliably completed.

If necessary, it may be advisable that the user of the dishwasher be able to enable or disable the TS sorption drying system by turning on or off the specially provided program button or the corresponding selection of the item in the program menu. In Fig. 16, this function is schematically shown as a program button or item PG1 of the program menu, which transfers control signals SS1 corresponding to the enable and disable signals of the sorption drying system TS through the control wire SL1 to the control logic device NOT control.

In particular, the control panel of the dishwasher may be provided with the first button to select the program "Energy" or "Sorption mode". This program is set to save energy. This effect is achieved due to the fact that during the final rinse, heating by a flow heater is not performed, and drying of the cleaned objects, in particular dishes, is carried out exclusively using the TS sorption drying system.

In particular, if necessary, it may be advisable that, in addition to clean sorption drying, the interior of the washing chamber is heated during the final rinse due to the heated washing liquid. At the same time, it may prove to be sufficient if the heat transfer to drying objects, due to the final rinse, occurs with less energy than the version without sorption drying. The reason is that the sorption drying system now in use allows saving the electric energy spent on heating due to the absorption of moisture from the air. Thus, it is possible to provide both the so-called “drying by one’s own heat” and sorption drying, that is, to improve the drying of wet or wet objects to be cleaned by combining or supplementing both types of drying.

In addition to or independently of the Energy button, an additional Drying Power button can be provided on the control panel of the dishwasher, which increases the operating time of the blower unit of the fan unit. Due to this, it is possible to improve the drying of all elements of the dishes.

In addition to the above-mentioned special buttons or independently of them, an additional button “Program run time” can be provided. If the sorption drying system is switched on, the operating time of the program can be reduced in comparison with conventional drying systems (without sorption drying). If necessary, it is possible to further reduce the operating time during cleaning due to additional heating at the cleaning stage and, optionally, by increasing the injection pressure by increasing the engine speed of the circulation pump. In addition, drying time can be further reduced by raising the final rinse temperature.

In addition to the previous special buttons or independently of them, a button with the function “Change cleaning performance” can be provided. By pressing this button, you can increase the cleaning performance while maintaining the duration of the stage without increasing the energy consumption compared to a dishwasher without a sorption drying system. Due to the fact that, simultaneously with the cleaning process, the desorption process is started, and because hot air containing water removed from the sorption material enters the washing chamber, the energy spent on heating the required amount of liquid in the washing chamber can be saved.

Claims (31)

1. Dishwasher (GS), in particular a domestic dishwasher, which contains at least one washing chamber (SPB) and at least one sorption drying system (TS) for drying the items to be cleaned, and the system (TS) Sorption drying contains at least one sorption chamber (SB) with a reversibly dehydrogenated sorption material (ZEO), which is connected to the washing chamber (SPB), at least one duct (LK) to create a stream (LS1) of air, moreover, the sorption material (ZEO) is loaded into the sorption chamber (SB) in the form a sulphurous solid or granulate with a plurality of particles of substantially 1 to 6 mm in size, in particular 2.4 to 4.8 mm, the height (H) of the layer of loaded particles is at least 5 times the grain size, however, the sorption material (ZEO), made in the form of a granular solid or granulate, it is advisable to have an average density of filling of at least 500 kg / m ³ , in particular, essentially from 500 to 800 kg / m ³ , in particular from 600 to 700 kg / m ³ , in particular from 630 to 650 kg / m ³ , in particular preferably about 640 kg / m ³ , moreover, in the sorption chamber RU (SB) contains a weighted amount of sorption material (ZEO), comprising essentially from 0.2 to 5 kg, in particular from 0.3 to 3 kg, preferably from 0.5 to 2.5 kg. 2. Dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that as a sorption drying material (ZEO) is used containing alumina and / or silicon oxide reversible dehydrogenated material, silica gel and / or zeolite, in particular zeolite type A, X, Y individually or in any combination. 3. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the sorption material (ZEO) present in the form of a granular solid or granulate is loaded into the sorption chamber (SB) in the direction of the gravity vector with a layer whose height (H) is essentially , 5-40 times, in particular 10-15 times, exceeds the particle size of a granular solid or granulate. 4. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the height (H) of the loaded layer of sorption material (ZEO) is essentially from 1.5 to 25 cm, in particular from 2 to 8 cm, preferably from 4 to 6 cm. 5. Dishwasher according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the granular solid or granulate consists of a plurality of essentially spherical particles. 6. Dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight amount of reversible dehydrogenated sorption material (ZEO) in the sorption chamber (SB), designed to absorb moisture carried by the air stream (LS1), is selected so that the amount of liquid absorbed sorption material (ZEO), there was less than the amount of liquid supplied to the objects being cleaned, in particular, at the stage of final rinsing. 7. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that in the sorption chamber (SB) there is provided such a weight quantity of reversibly dehydrogenated sorption material that is sufficient to absorb the amount of moisture corresponding essentially to the volume of liquid that remains on the items being cleaned at the end final rinse stage. 8. Dishwasher according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the amount of absorbed water is from 4 to 25%, in particular from 5 to 15%, of the volume of liquid supplied to the objects to be cleaned. 9. Dishwasher according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sorption material in the sorption chamber (SB) is able to absorb water in a volume of essentially from 150 to 400 ml, in particular from 200 to 300 ml. 10. Dishwasher according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sorption material (ZEO) contains pores having a size of essentially 1 to 12 angstroms, in particular 2 to 10 angstroms, preferably 3 to 8 angstroms. 11. Dishwasher according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the water absorption capacity of the sorption material (ZEO) is essentially from 15 to 40, preferably from 20 to 30 weight percent of its dry weight. 12. Dishwasher according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that sorption material (ZEO) is provided, desorption of which is possible at a temperature of essentially from 80 to 450 ° C, in particular from 220 to 250 ° C. 13. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct (LK), the sorption chamber (SB) and / or one or more additional elements (LT, SK), directing the flow, are made so that through the sorption material (ZEO) for sorption and / or desorption, a stream (LS2) of air passes at a speed of essentially 2 to 15 l / s, in particular 4 to 7 l / s. 14. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one heating device (HZ) is connected to the sorption material (ZEO), configured to provide equivalent heating power from 250 to 2500 W, in particular from 1000 to 1800 W, preferably from 1200 to 1500 W, for heating the sorption material (ZEO) for desorption. 15. Dishwasher according to claim 1 or 14, characterized in that the ratio of the heating power of at least one heating device (HZ) attached to the sorption material (ZEO) for desorption and the flow rate (LS2) of air passing through sorption material, selected in the range from 100 to 1250 W · sec / l, in particular from 100 to 450 W · sec / l, preferably from 200 to 230 W · sec / l. 16. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that in the sorption chamber (SB) for the sorption material (ZEO) a passage surface is provided, the area of which is essentially from 80 to 800 cm ² , in particular from 150 to 500 cm ² . 17. Dishwasher according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the height (H) of the loaded layer of sorption material (ZEO) above the surface (SDF) of the entry of the sorption element (SE) of the sorption chamber (SB) is essentially constant . 18. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the sorption chamber (SB) is located in the bottom structural unit (BG) under the bottom (IN) of the washing chamber (SPB). 19. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct (LK) is largely located outside the washing chamber (SPB). 20. The dishwasher according to claim 1 or 18, characterized in that at least one fan unit (LT) is installed in front of the sorption chamber (SB) (in the direction of flow) in the inlet section (RA1) of the duct (LK), designed to create a forced flow (LS1) of air in the direction of at least one inlet (EO) of the sorption chamber (SB). 21. The dishwasher according to claim 20, characterized in that the fan unit (LT) is located in the bottom structural unit (BG) under the washing chamber (SPB). 22. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct (LK) is connected to the sorption chamber (SB) so that the air stream (LS1) enters the area near the bottom of the sorption chamber (SB) in the direction of entry (ESR) and deviates in a different direction (DSR) of passage in which it passes through the interior of the sorption chamber (SB). 23. Dishwasher according to claim 1 or 22, characterized in that the inlet portion (RA1) of the duct pipe (LK) enters the sorption chamber (SB) so that the direction (ESR) of its entry changes to the direction (DSR) of passage of the sorption chamber (SB) at an angle of, in particular, approximately 90 °. 24. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface area (SDF) of the passage of sorption material (ZEO) inside the sorption chamber (SB) is larger than the surface area of the passage of the inlet pipe (ES) of the duct (LK), which enters the inlet ( EO) sorption chamber (SB). 25. Dishwasher according to claim 1 or 24, characterized in that the surface (SDF) of passage of the sorption chamber (SB) is 2-40 times, in particular 4-30 times, preferably 5-25 times, greater than the transverse passage area section of the final inlet pipe (ES) of the duct (LK), which enters the inlet (EO) of the sorption chamber (SB). 26. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one sorption element (SE) with sorption material (ZEO) is located in the sorption chamber (SB) so that the sorption material (ZEO) is blown in a direction that essentially coincides with the vector of gravity or opposite to it, with air (LS1, LS2), which is supplied through the duct (LK) from the washing chamber (SPB) to the sorption chamber (SB). 27. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the sorption element (SE) contains at least one lower sieve or grate (US) and at least one upper sieve or grate (OS) located on a given distance (H) in height from each other, and that the spatial volume between these two screens or gratings (US, OS) is largely filled with sorption material (ZEO). 28. The dishwasher according to claim 1 or 14, characterized in that the sorption chamber (SB) in the direction opposite to the gravity vector contains at least one layered structure consisting of a heating device (HZ), followed by an intermediate space (ZR) and the subsequent sorption element (SE). 29. The dishwasher according to claim 1 or 14, characterized in that at least one heating device (HZ) is located in the sorption chamber (SB) in front of the sorption element (SE) located in it in the direction (DSR) of passage. 30. The dishwasher according to claim 1 or 14, characterized in that in the lower, located near the bottom of the cavity (UH) of the sorption chamber (SB), there is at least one heating device (HZ). 31. The dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more flow conditioning elements (SK) are installed in the sorption chamber (SB) and / or in the inlet section (VA, ES) of the duct pipe (LK) in such a way as to provide alignment of the local profile of the cross section of the flow (LS2) of air that passes through the sorption chamber (SB) in the direction (DSR) of its passage.

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