RU2512651C2 - Device for measurement of angle of deviation from horizontal line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: device for measurement of an angle of deviation from a horizontal line. The invention relates to design of optical devices, in particular, devices of measurement of tilt angles of observable objects concerning the horizon or the vertical line. The device for measurement of an angle of a deviation from a horizontal line consists of a base 1 in the form of a rectangle executed from a light firm waterproof material, in a wide face surface of which there is a transparent ring tube 2 inserted and fixed, being placed between two degree scales, external 3 and internal 4. The ring tube 2 and degree scales, external 3 and internal 4, do not protrude over the face surface of the base 1. The ring tube 2 is filled exactly by half with a transparent liquid 6, in which two balls 7 are submerged. The liquid 6 facilitates moving of the balls 7 being the main index of a tilt angle of the base 1, and serves as the additional index of a tilt angle of the base 1. The base 1 has on one end a surface rounding to the half of its width and an opening 9 with thread, which is equidistant from the rounded edge at the radius distance. Having connected movably two identical bases 1 among themselves through openings 9 with a thumbscrew, they produce a sliding goniometer of compasses type for measurement of external and internal corners of rooms (objects) with accuracy of up to a degree. At edges of long ends of the base there are four grooves 10 for fixing of the laser pointers 11, which are not a component of the device, but expand its functions in the form of a level.

EFFECT: increased accuracy of measurement of tilt angles of observable objects irrespective of a tilt angle of a device and its swinging.

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Description

The invention relates to the construction of optical instruments, in particular, devices for measuring the tilt angles of observed objects relative to the horizon or vertical.

A known analogue is the gravive vertical in the description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2010273, IPC G02B 27/36, dated June 17, 1991, publ. 03/30/1994, consisting of a flat transparent cylindrical cuvette located perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the device and located in the indicator cuvette, a fixed magnet mounted in the lower part of the cuvette on its inner cylindrical surface and made of hard magnetic material in the form of a ring segment, which has an inner ring a T-groove is made perpendicular to its cylindrical surface, the lateral surfaces of which are opposite magnetic poles, the cuvette is optically filled a transparent liquid, and the indicator is made in the form of a hair, to the upper end of which a float is attached, and to the lower end - a rectangular magnet made of hard magnetic material, installed with a gap between the side surfaces of the groove of the fixed magnet with the possibility of interaction of their poles of the same name and recessed into the groove by 1 / 10-1 / 4 the height of the rectangular magnet.

Disadvantages: insufficient accuracy of measuring the tilt angles of the observed objects, regardless of the tilt angle of the device.

A known analogue is the protractor for an optical observing device in the description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2025753, IPC G02B 27/36, from 05/05/1991, publ. 12/30/1994, containing a transparent cylindrical cuvette mounted perpendicular to the optical axis of the device, and a reading device, moreover, the cuvette is partially filled with a transparent liquid, and the reading device is made in the form of a float located in the cuvette with a transparent card attached to it with an angular scale applied to it, a cuvette with sighting lines applied on its surface is installed in the inner ring of the bearing installed in the tube of the optical observing device, while the goniometer is equipped with The outer ring mounted on the tube of the optical observing device can be rotated relative to it, on the outer surface of the inner ring of the bearing and on the inner surface of the outer ring two gear tracks are made, both rings made of soft magnetic material are magnetized, the teeth of one and the other tracks of each rings are opposite magnetic poles, and each gear track of the outer ring is located opposite the gear track of the inner ring of the bearing, and against bying teeth are also unlike magnetic poles.

Disadvantages: insufficient accuracy of measuring the tilt angles of the observed objects, regardless of the tilt angle of the device.

A known analogue is the protractor for an optical observing device in the description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2047204, IPC G02B 27/36, from 08.21.1992, publ. 10.27.1995, containing a hollow cylindrical glass cuvette located in the tube of the device, filled with an optically transparent liquid, in which a float is placed with a transparent plate attached to it with a goniometer scale, marking lines are made in the cuvette on one of the glass walls for alignment with the object of observation , the outer cylindrical part of the cell is made of soft magnetic material in the form of a ring with a shoulder protruding in the center, two identical rings are introduced into the tube of the device at a certain distance from each other, in the opening of which the cuvette is located, while the collar is in the gap between the rings, and on the tube there is a rotating ring of non-magnetic material having a sector-shaped magnetic insert with a coverage angle of 40-120 ° magnetized along the axis of the tube.

Disadvantages: insufficient accuracy of measuring the tilt angles of the observed objects, regardless of the tilt angle of the device.

Effect: increasing the accuracy of measuring the angle of inclination of the observed objects, regardless of the angle of inclination of the device and its swing.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for measuring the angle of deviation from the horizontal, containing a base, a hollow cylindrical annular tube, a measuring scale, a ball moving along a hollow cylindrical annular tube, characterized in that the base is in the form of a rectangle with a surface rounded by a radius of half its width, made of lightweight hard waterproof material, has a threaded hole equidistant from the rounded edge to a radius distance, four grooves for fixing the laser pointers on the edges of long ends, and a hollow cylindrical glass, transparent annular tube filled exactly half in a transparent liquid and placed between two degree scales not protruding above the front surface of the base, deep into the wide front surface of the base without protruding from it, is fixed for measurement the angle of inclination of the base due to simultaneous movement along the outer scale of the transparent liquid and along the inner scale of two balls immersed in this transparent liquid.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that, in contrast to a device for measuring the angle of deviation from the horizontal, containing a hollow cylindrical glass container located on the base, in which the pointer indicates the angle of inclination of the base in the form of a float with a transparent plate attached to it with a goniometric scale, the claimed device for measuring the angle of deviation from the horizontal contains a base in the form of a rectangle made of lightweight, hard, waterproof material, in the wide front surface of which it does not stand a unit from it is deepened and fixed as a hollow cylindrical glass container, a transparent annular tube filled exactly half as a transparent liquid and placed between two degree scales not protruding above the front surface of the base, used to measure the angle of inclination of the base due to the simultaneous movement along the outer scale of the transparent liquid and along the inner scale of two balls immersed in this clear liquid.

Improving the accuracy of measuring the angle of inclination of the observed objects, regardless of the angle of inclination of the device and its swing, is achieved due to the fact that it has two degree scales, external and internal, used to measure the angle of inclination of the base due to the simultaneous movement along the outer scale of the transparent liquid and along the inner scale two balls immersed in this clear liquid. The movement of liquid and balls in a sealed transparent annular tube of a certain cross-section provides measurement of the tilt angles of the observed objects, while the transparent liquid optically refracts the shape of the balls, making them elongated vertically with sharp angles at the top and bottom, which more precisely orients the inter-ball gap to the risks of the degree scale.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for measuring the angle of deviation from the horizontal has a base in the form of a rectangle with a rounding of the surface with a radius of half its width, made of lightweight solid waterproof material, a threaded hole equidistant from the rounded edge by a radius of four grooves for fixing laser pointers on the edges of long ends, and hollow cylindrical glass, transparent to the wide, front surface of the base, without protruding from it, is deepened and fixed a face tube filled exactly half with a transparent liquid and placed between two degree scales not protruding above the front surface of the base, used to measure the angle of inclination of the base due to simultaneous movement along the outer scale of the transparent liquid and along the inner scale of two balls immersed in this transparent liquid .

The inventive device in comparison with known devices increases the accuracy of measuring the tilt angles of the observed objects, regardless of the tilt angle of the device, as well as its swing and meets the conditions of patentability "technical level", "novelty" and "industrial applicability".

The inventive device is illustrated by drawings, where

figure 1 shows a General view of the device in a working horizontal position with vertically arranged annular tube 2 and degree scales 3 and 4;

figure 2 shows a General view of the device in a working inclined position with vertically arranged annular tube 2 and degree scales 3 and 4;

figure 3 shows the device in the form of a goniometer when measuring the internal angle of the room (object);

figure 4 shows the device in the form of a goniometer when determining the magnitude of the measured angle.

The inventive device consists of a base 1 in the form of a rectangle made of lightweight hard waterproof material, into the wide front surface of which a transparent annular tube 2 is deepened and fixed, placed between the degree scales, the outer 3 and inner 4, recessed into the same surface. The annular tube 2 and degree scales, the outer 3 and inner 4, do not protrude above the front surface of the base 1. The annular tube 2 is exactly half filled with a transparent liquid 6 into which two balls are immersed. Liquid 6 facilitates the movement of the balls 7, which are the main indicator of the angle the inclination of the base 1, and serves as an additional indicator of the angle of inclination of the base 1. The base 1 has at one end a rounding of the surface with a radius of half its width and a hole 9 with a thread equidistant from the rounded edge by a distance of the radius. At the edges of the long ends of the base are four grooves 10 for fixing the laser pointers 11.

By slidingly connecting two identical bases 1 to each other through holes 9 with a “wing” type screw, a sliding caliper of the “compass” type is obtained for measuring the external and internal corners of rooms (objects) to the nearest degree.

The inventive device operates as follows.

The basis in the form of a level occupies a strictly horizontal position when combining the inter-ball gap 8 with risk 0 of the internal scale 4, and the boundaries of the media 5 with risks 0 or 180 of the external scale 3 (Fig. 1).

To measure the angle of inclination of the working surface, the base 1 of the inventive device is placed on the working surface so that the annular tube 2 and the two indicated degree scales, external 3 and internal 4, are in a position close to vertical. Balls 7 and a transparent liquid 6 under the action of gravity tend to occupy the lowest point in the annular tube 2. In this case, the inter-ball gap 8 serves as indicators of the angle of deviation, moving along the internal degree scale 4. The boundaries of the liquid and air (vacuum) environments 5 serve as an indicator of the value the deflection angle moving along the external degree scale 3 (figure 2).

To measure the angle of two adjacent walls or surfaces, it is necessary to connect two identical bases 1 with a wing-type screw into the protractor, push the device apart and attach the long ends of the bases 1 to the adjacent surfaces of one corner (Fig. 3). Fix the position of the two bases 1 by tightening the screw 9. Then apply the protractor with the rear surfaces to one wall so that one of the two bases 1 occupies a strictly horizontal position with the vertical position of both ring tubes 2 (Fig. 4). The value of the measured angle is determined by the readings of the inter-ball space 8 on the inner scale 4 and the boundaries of the media 5 on the outer scale 3 of another base 1. The values of the angle on the two scales 3 and 4 should coincide completely.

Technical and economic effect

Using the inventive device can improve the accuracy of measuring the angle of inclination of the observed objects, regardless of the angle of inclination of the device.

Claims (1)

A device for measuring the angle of deviation from the horizontal, containing a base, a hollow cylindrical annular tube, a measuring scale, a ball moving along a hollow cylindrical annular tube, characterized in that the base is in the form of a rectangle with a rounding of the surface with a radius of half its width, made of lightweight, hard, waterproof material, has a threaded hole equidistant from the rounded edge to a radius, four grooves for attaching laser pointers to the edges of long ends, and wide without protruding, the hollow cylindrical glass transparent annular tube is filled and fixed exactly half the transparent liquid and placed between two degree scales not protruding above the front surface of the base, used to measure the angle of inclination of the base due to simultaneous movement along the outer scale of a transparent liquid and along the inner scale of two balls immersed in this transparent liquid.

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