RU2498339C1 - Active radar method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: method involves radiating multi-frequency probing signals from r_i(i=1, …, N) points of a transmitting antenna, receiving reflected signals regardless of detection of partial radio holograms

in

points at frequencies of the received signals and combining them into a resultant radio hologram

while placing the partial radio holograms in the ordered coordinate space of the location of each transmitting-receiving point and carrier frequencies taking into account Doppler frequency. To restore

a set of hypotheses is created, which includes a combination of desirable and accompanying parameters on the partial radio hologram accumulation interval, taking into account possible trajectories of transmitters, receivers and objects located in the probed space; a model of the probing process is used to calculate the reference resultant radio hologram

for each hypothesis; the resultant radio hologram

is compared with all reference radio holograms

and values of all unknown parameters are determined while determining values of the desirable parameters. Use of the method in radar systems of different types and purposes increases information value and simplifies the radio part of systems implementing the disclosed method.

EFFECT: wider field of use owing to high information value of the method.

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Description

The invention relates to radio engineering, mainly to radar, and in particular to active radar.

The general progress of radar systems (radars) of various types and purposes, along the way of increasing their information capabilities, consists in increasing the number of spatial channels of radiation and receiving signals and increasing the information content of sounding signals by increasing their broadband and coherent duration. In this regard, an important problem of modern radar is the development of effective methods for multi-channel radiation, reception and processing of highly informative sounding signals.

In modern radar, this problem is solved by a number of methods adopted as analogues.

The known method, including directional radiation and the reception of various signals with intrapulse modulation, their processing, providing the addition in phase of the spectral components of the probe signal (pulse compression), measuring the delay time, Doppler frequency and direction of arrival of waves [Theoretical basis. radar. Ed. POISON. Shirman. - M .: Owls. Radio, 1970. - 560 p.].

The main disadvantage of this group of analogues is the complexity of the radio-technical part of the devices necessary for the implementation of the method and insufficient information content due to the impossibility of effective physical processing of multi-frequency signals.

Another way to solve the problem of developing effective methods of multichannel radiation, receiving and processing highly informative sounding signals is the method of multi-position radar [Chernyak B.C. Multiposition radar. - M .: Radio and communications., 1993. - 416 p.]. The method is based on the emission and reception of signals by a system of spatially separated points, the transmission of received signals to a processing point and in their joint physical processing using radio engineering devices. The difficulties arising in the creation of such systems, in particular, are in ensuring the transmission of signals and in their joint physical processing.

It should be noted that in terms of increasing the broadband and coherent signal duration, an important place is occupied by the multi-frequency sounding signals used in Doppler radar.

A known method of radar using sounding signals with different carrier frequencies [RU, patent No. 2360265, IPC G01S 13/56, 2009]. The method consists in generating probing radio pulses with different carrier frequencies, after emitting and receiving the radio pulses, the frequency is converted by multiplying the probing and received radio pulses with simultaneous multiplexing to extract the Doppler frequency signals of the corresponding carrier frequencies, then the frequency and phase difference of the Doppler frequency signals are determined, receiving information about the radial speed and range to the target.

The disadvantage of this method, as well as other analogues, is the low information content and complexity of the device necessary for the implementation of the method, since the signal processing is carried out physically.

In terms of simplifying the radio engineering devices necessary to implement the method, an important place is occupied by radio holography. With the radio holographic method of radar [Safronov G.S., Safronova A.P. Introduction to radio holography. - M .: Owls. Radio, 1973. - 288 p., Holography. Methods and equipment. Ed. V.M. Ginzburg and B.M. Stepanova. - M .: Owls. radio, 1974. - 376 pp.]., firstly, simple weakly directed antennas are used, and secondly, the radio holographic process is carried out in two stages. This allows us to operate with private holograms (numbers) recorded at individual signal receiving points at the signal processing stage. With multi-channel emission and reception of signals, a high directivity of the transmitting and receiving antennas is achieved as a result of processing a radio hologram, which can be carried out by computational methods.

точек передающей антенны, приеме отраженных сигналов, регистрации частных радиоголограмм

во всех точках

приема сигналов и составлении из них результирующей радиоголограммы и восстановлении по ним изображений.The closest in technical essence to the proposed method is a method of subsurface sounding with the synthesis of radio holograms and the restoration of images from them [RU, patent, No. 2345381, IPC G01S 13/02, 2009], based on the radiation of sounding signals from

points of the transmitting antenna, receiving reflected signals, recording private radio holograms

at all points

receiving signals and compiling from them the resulting radio hologram and restoring images from them.

The main disadvantage of the prototype is its low information content, due to the fact that the resulting radio hologram is single-frequency. For the case typical of radar, when the number of receiving and transmitting points is small, single-frequency radio holograms have low information content and are not used in practice.

The technical result of this invention is to expand the scope by increasing the information content of the method.

точек передающей антенны, приеме отраженных сигналов, регистрации частных радиоголограмм

во всех точках

приема сигналов, составление из них результирующей радиоголограммы

и на восстановлении по ним изображения, новым является то, что излучают многочастотные зондирующие сигналы с разнесенными частотами, регистрируют частные радиоголограммы на всех частотах принятых сигналов, с учетом частот доплера, причем разнос частот и время излучения зондирующих сигналов выбирают такими, чтобы зарегистрированные частные голограммы были независимые, составляют результирующую радиоголограмму

путем объединения независимых частных радиоголограмм, размещая частные радиоголограммы в упорядоченном пространстве координат местоположения каждого передающего и приемного пунктов, несущей и соответствующей ей доплеровской частоты в соответствии с информацией об их изменении во времени на интервале накопления частных радиоголограмм, с учетом возможных траекторий движения находящихся в зондируемом пространстве объектов, причем для восстановления

формируют набор гипотез, включающих сочетание искомых и сопровождающих параметров, вычисляют для каждой гипотезы с помощью модели процесса зондирования опорную результирующую радиоголограмму

, сопоставляют результирующую радиоголограмму

со всеми опорными

и судят о значении всех неизвестных параметров, определяя при этом значения искомых параметров.The specified result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of active radar, based on the radiation of sounding signals from

points of the transmitting antenna, receiving reflected signals, recording private radio holograms

at all points

receiving signals, compiling from them the resulting radio hologram

and in reconstructing images from them, it is new that multi-frequency sounding signals with spaced frequencies are emitted, private radio holograms are recorded at all frequencies of the received signals, taking into account the Doppler frequencies, the frequency spacing and the radiation time of the sounding signals being chosen such that the registered private holograms are independent, make up the resulting radio hologram

by combining independent private radio holograms, placing private radio holograms in an ordered space of coordinates of the location of each transmitting and receiving points, the carrier and the corresponding Doppler frequency in accordance with information about their change in time on the accumulation interval of private radio holograms, taking into account possible trajectories located in the probed space objects, and for restoration

form a set of hypotheses, including a combination of the desired and accompanying parameters, calculate for each hypothesis using the model of the sounding process the reference resulting radio hologram

match the resulting radio hologram

with all supporting

and judge the value of all unknown parameters, while determining the values of the desired parameters.

Thanks to the complete extraction of information contained in the testing signals, it is possible to achieve radar resolution comparable with the wavelength of the emitted signals, while real targets (aircraft, ground objects, etc.) representing a set of “brilliant” points are observed as such. That is, prospects for the implementation of the regime of radio vision of goals and the effective solution of problems of recognition and identification of goals open up. Moreover, since the radio-technical part of the radar becomes the simplest (providing only radiation and reception of signals), prospects for the rapid development of new ranges, in particular millimeter-wave, open up, which is the basis for further increasing the information capabilities of the radar.

The problem of creating multi-position radar (MP radar) is being radically solved, since there is no need to transmit (physical) signals to a joint processing station. Instead of broadband signals for joint processing, measurement results (numbers) are transmitted, which really contain the necessary information about sensing objects and do not require complex devices for transmission. As a result, it becomes possible to create network-centric radars (intended for conducting network-centric wars) containing a large number of simple (and, therefore, cheap) automatic transmitters, the fire defeat of some of which not only does not significantly reduce the information capabilities of such radars, but also become economically unprofitable .

In addition, the requirements for internal communications of radars with spatially distributed elements, including radars with antenna arrays, are being reduced, and the prospects for creating multifunctional radars with direct consumer access to primary radar information (to private radio holograms) are opening up, which will significantly increase the efficiency and the effectiveness of the use of radar information. By entrusting all the functions of processing radar information to a computer, the prospects for creating a radar system are realized, which implement complex and effective algorithms for processing radar information using artificial intelligence, which adapt and automate the processes of functioning of the radar station and make effective decisions based on the received radar information.

Other advantages can be noted. In particular, on the basis of the proposed method of radar, the developed concept of combining existing radars into a single network seems to be in a completely different light. Along with combining secondary radar information obtained by being combined into a single radar system, it is possible to combine sounding results, which will significantly increase the information content of a single system.

The problem of radiolocation of inconspicuous ground and aerospace targets, as well as targets created using the Stele technique (by creating simple (structurally) spaced radars simultaneously operating in different wavelength ranges, is also being solved.

In a completely obvious way (due to the accumulation and subsequent joint processing of the measurement results), the problems of direct, reverse, and joint (including the movement of the location object) synthesis of the aperture of the transmitting and receiving antennas are solved, which provide a further increase in the informativeness of computing radars.

The high information capabilities of the proposed method in the radar also open up real prospects for creating highly effective means of radar for buried objects, exploration of the Earth’s bowels, measuring the radar characteristics of radar objects, radar monitoring of materials and products from them, building structures, etc.

The simplification of the radio part of devices that implement the inventive method is as follows:

- there is no need to use complex radio engineering devices of physical formation, radiation, reception and processing of complex signals, since their functions are realized at the stage of joint processing of measurement results;

- reduced requirements for the technique of radiation and reception of test signals, because no joint adjustment of the radiation system of the testing probing signals is required (similar to that which is necessary, for example, when creating phased antenna arrays). Since all possible deviations of the signal parameters from the designed values can be taken into account at the stage of signal processing;

- there is the possibility of creating radar equipment of various types and purposes on the basis of unified block-modular products that ensure the implementation of the method;

- organic communication of radar technology with the general progress in the field of technical means and methods for obtaining, transmitting, storing and digital processing of information is provided;

- reducing the energy consumption of products, and, consequently, their mass, dimensions and cost, increasing reliability.

In general, the creation of a radar based on the proposed method seems to be a revolutionary direction for improving radars of various types and purposes (in contrast to the traditional evolutionary direction of improving radar).

The essence of the proposed method is as follows.

. (Независимость частных радиоголограмм обеспечивается за счет разнесения по частоте или времени излучения многочастотных сигналов.) Независимость частных радиоголограмм позволяет накапливать содержащуюся в них информацию об объекте зондирования путем увеличения размерности пространства результатов измерений, то есть путем объединения частных радиоголограмм. Так при регистрации частных радиоголограмм на совпадающей и ортогональных поляризациях размерность пространства результатов измерений увеличивают путем введения координаты ортогональной поляризации.In the inventive method, firstly, a multi-frequency sounding signal is emitted, and secondly, signals providing independent private radio holograms

. (Independence of private radio holograms is ensured by diversity in the frequency or time of emission of multi-frequency signals.) Independence of private radio holograms allows the information contained in them to be sensed by increasing the dimension of the space of measurement results, i.e. by combining private radio holograms. So when registering private radio holograms on the coincident and orthogonal polarizations, the dimension of the space of the measurement results is increased by introducing the coordinate of the orthogonal polarization.

содержит полную информацию об объекте зондирования на К частотах. То есть представляет собой К - мерную радиоголограмму, очевидным образом, являющуюся более информативной, чем одночастотная радиоголограмма, получаемая в прототипе.The resulting radio hologram thus obtained, like a conventional hologram, contains complete information about the sensing object. However, unlike a conventional hologram, the resulting radio hologram

contains complete information about the sensing object at K frequencies. That is, it represents a K - dimensional radio hologram, which is obviously more informative than the single frequency radio hologram obtained in the prototype.

, с учетом положений теории оценки параметров сигналов (Куликов Е.И., Трифонов А.П. Оценка параметров сигналов на фоне помех. М.: Сов. Радио, 1078. - 269 с., стр.200) проверяют расширенные гипотезы, включающие возможные значения искомых и сопровождающих параметров.When recovering

, taking into account the provisions of the theory of evaluating signal parameters (Kulikov EI, Trifonov A.P. Evaluation of signal parameters against a background of interference. M: Sov. Radio, 1078. - 269 p., p. 200) test extended hypotheses, including possible values of the desired and accompanying parameters.

с опорной результирующей голограммой

, вычисляемой с помощью математической модели процесса зондирования при заданных значениях искомых и сопровождающих параметров. При этом условие независимости частных радиоголограмм позволяет при сопоставлении

и

сравнивать их частные радиоголограммы путем вычисления скалярного произведения или расстояния в пространстве координат

и

, задаваемого исходя из решаемой радиолокационной задачи.Verification is carried out by comparing the registered radio hologram

with reference resulting hologram

calculated using a mathematical model of the sensing process for given values of the desired and accompanying parameters. Moreover, the independence condition of private radio holograms allows for comparison

and

compare their particular radio holograms by calculating a scalar product or distance in coordinate space

and

set based on the solved radar problem.

составляющих воздействий следует из линейности уравнений Максвелла процесса регистрации результирующей радиоголограммы

и, вытекающего из этого принципа суперпозиции [Никольский В.В. Электродинамика и распространение радиоволн. - М: Наука. 1973. - 607 с., С.69].The fundamental possibility of finding by

of the component effects follows from the linearity of the Maxwell equations of the process of recording the resulting radio hologram

and, resulting from this principle of superposition [Nikolsky V.V. Electrodynamics and radio wave propagation. - M: Science. 1973. - 607 p., S.69].

Thus, the action of the proposed method is limited by the conditions of applicability of the Maxwell equations. However, this limitation is not significant for the creation of information radar systems, since the power levels of the emitted signals used in them do not lead to nonlinear effects of the interaction of electromagnetic waves with sensing objects.

Thus, the introduction of additional, compared with the prototype, operations of the emission of multichannel sounding signals providing independent registration of private radio holograms at all frequencies, taking into account Doppler signals, the formation of the resulting radio hologram by combining private radio holograms by computational methods, comparing it with the reference radio holograms calculated with using a model of the sensing process, ensures the achievement of the claimed technical about the result, which is the essence of the invention.

The inventive method, judging by the available information, is new, because for the first time it provides a multi-frequency radio hologram, many times more informative than a single-frequency one.

The claimed method has an inventive step, since it does not explicitly follow from the published data of the known technical solutions that the combination of distinctive features leads to the expansion of the scope of the method. On the one hand, the achieved significant technical effect opens up new areas of research, multi-frequency radio holography and computational radar, which simplifies the radio engineering part of radars of various types and purposes that implement the inventive method, which is of great practical importance. On the other hand, the technical effect does not explicitly follow from the general principles of radio holography and can only be achieved by carrying out the sequence of actions proposed in the invention.

A preliminary analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish that there are no analogues that are characterized by a set of features identical to all the features of the claimed technical solution, which indicates the compliance of the claimed invention with the condition of patentability “novelty”.

The claimed technical solution is industrially applicable, as it can be used in radars of various types and purposes, while at the same time providing a simplification of the radio technical part of the radar that implements the inventive method, and increasing their information content. In addition, standard equipment and instruments can be used to implement the method.

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of a single-channel and figure 2 multi-channel devices that implement the claimed method of active radar. Figure 3 shows a diagram of a General algorithm for processing private multi-frequency radio holograms.

A single-channel device that implements the inventive method of active radar, the structural diagram of which is presented in figure 1, contains: a device for processing private radio holograms (UO) 1; connected in series with a multi-frequency probe signal generator (MCH) 2 and a transmit antenna (PAP) 3, which is directed towards the probed object (AO) 4, a receiving antenna (PA) 5 connected to the input of a multi-frequency probe signal (MCH) 6 and directed to the side of the probed object (AO) 4. The output (MCG) 6 is connected to (AO) 1.

Figure 2 presents a diagram of a multi-channel device containing: a device for processing private radio holograms (UO) 1, generators of sounding signals at k frequencies (k = 1, ..., K) N transmitting channels (G2.1, ..., 2.N), the outputs of which are connected to transmitting antennas (ППА3.1, ..., 3.N), directed to the probing object (ЗО) 4, receiving antennas (ПА5.1, ..., 5.М), directed to ЗО 4, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the receivers (P6.1, ..., 6.M) connected to UO 1.

A single-channel device that implements the inventive method of active radar, the structural diagram of which is presented in figure 1, works as follows.

The multi-frequency generator of sounding signals (MCH) 2 simultaneously or sequentially in time generates the signals emitted by the PAS 3. The signals reflected from OO 4 are received by the PA 5, feeds them to the MCH 6, which registers private radio holograms. Private radio holograms. MCHP 6 transmits to UO 1 for joint processing.

A multi-channel device that implements the inventive method of active radar, the structural diagram of which is presented in figure 2, works as follows.

Generators (G2.1, ..., 2.N) simultaneously or sequentially in time generate signals at various frequencies that emit PPA3.1, ..., 3.N. The signals reflected from AO 4 are received by PA 5.1, ..., 5.M, they are fed to receivers P6.1, ..., 6.M, which register private radio holograms. Private radio holograms from receivers P6.1, ..., 6.M are transmitted to UO 1 for their joint processing. Processing of private radio holograms is carried out by computational methods, so UO 1 is a universal computer. The general algorithm for processing private holograms is shown in Fig.3.

Since the method is characterized by the use of technical means previously known [Holography. Methods and equipment. Ed. V.M. Ginzburg and B.M. Stepanova. - M .: Owls. Radio, 1974. - 376 p.], Then the technical feasibility of devices that implement the claimed method is not in doubt.

An important feature of the functioning of devices, the circuits of which are shown in figures 1, 2 in comparison with the classic single-frequency [Safronov G.S., Safronova A.P. Introduction to radio holography. - M .: Owls. Radio, 1973. - 288 p., Holography. Methods and equipment. Ed. V.M. Ginzburg and B.M. Stepanova. - M .: Owls. Radio. 1974. - 376 p.] Consists in the fact that private radio holograms at different frequencies are recorded separately independently of each other. When choosing frequencies in accordance with the claimed method, private radio holograms will be independent and "mathematically". Therefore, the resulting radio hologram composed of them is a vector with independent components.

The algorithm for processing private multi-frequency radio holograms obtained in a single-channel device when solving the radar task of measuring the target range includes the following operations:

путем объединения частотных радиоголограмм Г_k, зарегистрированных на f_k частотах (k=1, …, K);1. Compilation of the resulting radio hologram

by combining frequency radio holograms G _k recorded at f _k frequencies (k = 1, ..., K);

2. Compilation of hypotheses H _i , regarding the range values by dividing the a priori range interval (R ₁ , R ₂ ) into N elements

where ΔR is the magnitude of the resolving element in range, determined by the information content of the resulting probing signal, and assuming that the target (s) are in the i-th (i = 1, ..., N) resolution element;

3. The calculation for each i-th element of the ranges of the components of the reference resulting radio hologram (in accordance with the accepted model of propagation of radio waves)

where R _i is the range to the i-th resolution element, V is the wave propagation velocity, φ _ok is the initial phase of the emitted signal at a frequency f _k , σ is the coefficient;

4. Calculation of the scalar product of the resulting registered radio hologram and the calculated - reference (to verify the accepted hypotheses), ie for each i-th resolvable element according to the formula [G.Korn, T.Korn. Math reference. - M .: Science. 1968. - 720 s, p. 399]

where γ (k) is the weight function;

5. Registration of the maximums P _i (i = 1, ..., N), corresponding to targets located at ranges R _i .

In general, the described algorithm corresponds to the hologram recovery algorithm, i.e. irradiation of G _k elements of G _∑ radiation with a frequency f _k at which it is obtained. However, in reality this can only be done by computational methods.

If the wave propagation speed V is not exactly known, and its a priori values are in the range (V ₁ , V ₂ ), then the processing algorithm, when solving the radar problem of measuring the target range, includes the following operations:

1. Compilation of hypotheses H _ij regarding the possible values of the range R _i and velocity V _{j of} wave propagation by dividing the intervals (R ₁ , R ₂ ) and (V ₁ , V ₂ ) into N M elements

where the sampling intervals for the range ΔR _V and speed with the corresponding dimensions of the resolving element in the joint assessment of R and V;

2. The calculation of the components of the reference resulting radio hologram for various values of speed V _j (J = 1, ..., M)

3. Calculation of the scalar product for various hypotheses H _ij

4. Finding the maxima of the values of P _ij , which are used to judge the range of the targets and the speed of wave propagation, while determining the desired value of the range of the target.

Next, we consider an algorithm for processing private radio holograms in a multi-channel multi-frequency device operating in the review mode.

, и М приемных каналов с антеннами, расположенными в точках

, включает следующие операции:An algorithm for processing private multi-frequency radio holograms obtained in a multi-channel device containing N transmitting channels whose antennas are located at points

, and M receive channels with antennas located at points

includes the following operations:

пункта и приеме его в

пункте (i=1, …, N; j=1, …, M; k=1, …, K), результирующей радиоголограммы Г_∑ путем их объединения;1. The compilation of private radio _holograms G _ikj obtained at frequencies f _k when emitting a signal with a frequency f _k from

paragraph and taking it in

paragraph (i = 1, ..., N; j = 1, ..., M; k = 1, ..., K), the resulting radio hologram Г _∑ by combining them;

2. Compilation of testable hypotheses by dividing the probed space into resolvable elements;

3. The calculation for each l-th element of the components of the reference resulting radio hologram

where R _ril , R _ρlj are the distances from the i-th transmitting point and from the j-th receiving point to the l-th resolvable element;

с опорной

для каждого l-го элемента4. Calculation of the scalar product of the resulting radio hologram

with support

for every l-th element

the value of which is judged on the presence of a target in the l-th permission element.

The algorithm is general regardless of whether the targets are in the near or in the far zone of the receiving and transmitting antennas. The physical meaning of the algorithm is that a posteriori, in the process of processing private radio holograms, the transmitting and receiving antennas are focused at the probed point in space (in the representation of signals of different frequencies by “frozen” waves).

For the practical implementation of the proposed method, the following circumstances are important.

Firstly, according to the conditions for recording private radio holograms, it is assumed that the same object is irradiated with all sounding signals. That is why joint processing of private radio holograms leads to an increase in the information received about the sensing object. So, if the object of sounding is aerospace, then private radio holograms can be obtained for its individual areas, distinguished by time or (and) by space. For example, when using multi-frequency pulse-coherent signals, private radio holograms (based on the time delay of the signals) are recorded in such a way that they all correspond to the same resolvable element.

Secondly, the hypotheses that record not all the required and accompanying parameters can be included in the number of hypotheses tested when restoring the resulting radio hologram. Nevertheless, the reference resulting radio holograms calculated for such hypotheses will, to varying degrees, correspond to the resulting radio hologram. This circumstance can be used for preliminary selection of hypotheses for the purpose of their subsequent refinement and analysis in solving problems of search, detection and recognition of signals [Sosulin Yu.G., Fishman MN The theory of sequential solutions and its application. - M .: Radio and Communication, 1985. - 272 p.].

The possibility of implementing a consistent hypothesis testing procedure will be shown by the example of reconstructing the resulting radio hologram with preliminary tuning of the transmitting and receiving antennas for sensing and receiving signals from a given direction or (depending on the relative sizes of the transmitting and receiving antennas) from a given spatial area of their focusing.

Since the positions of the transmitting and receiving elements, as well as the frequencies of the signals emitted and received by them, are considered to be known, and their focusing area is set, it is possible to calculate the weighting coefficients of the reference resulting radio hologram corresponding to the sounding of the selected region of space. The registered and reference radio holograms are compared using the calculation of the scalar product, i.e. the private radio holograms recorded in the location coordinates of the transmitting elements are multiplied by the coefficients focusing the transmitting antenna, and the private radio holograms recorded in the location coordinates of the transmitting antennas are multiplied by the coefficients focusing the receiving antenna. Since the reasons for the occurrence of phase relations are not known, the obtained arrays of comparison of the registered and reference radio holograms are incoherently summed, and the presence of signals coming from the probed region is judged by the value of the received sum. The described procedure corresponds to that described in the book on page 41, ..., 43 [Ivankin E.F., Ponkin V.A. The theoretical basis for obtaining and protecting information about objects of observation. - M .: Hot line - Telecom, 2008. - 448 p.]. The only difference is that when calculating the weight coefficients that ensure focusing of the receiving and transmitting antennas, the different frequencies of the emitted and received signals are taken into account.

Thus, the claimed method is technically feasible on the basis of existing radio engineering devices, provides a significant effect, and can be used to create highly informative and easy-to-use radar systems of various types and purposes.

Claims (2)

1. The method of active radar, including the emission of sounding signals from r _i (i = 1, ..., N) points of the transmitting antenna, receiving reflected signals, recording private radio holograms

at all points

receiving signals, compiling from them the resulting radio hologram

and reconstructing images from them, characterized in that they emit multi-frequency sounding signals with spaced frequencies, register private radio holograms at all frequencies of the received signals taking into account the Doppler frequencies, and the frequency spacing of the sounding signals is chosen so that the registered private holograms are independent, then make up the resulting radio hologram

by combining independent private radio holograms, placing private radio holograms in an ordered space of coordinates of the location of each transmitting and receiving points, the carrier and the corresponding Doppler frequency in accordance with information about their change in time in the interval of accumulation of private radio holograms, taking into account possible trajectories of objects located in the probed space , and for recovery

form a set of hypotheses, including a combination of the desired and accompanying parameters, calculate for each hypothesis using the model of the sounding process the reference resulting radio hologram

match the resulting radio hologram

with all supporting

and judge the value of all unknown parameters, while determining the values of the desired parameters. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the private radio holograms are recorded at the same and orthogonal polarizations.

Images