RU2497852C1 - Method of producing modified bitumen-latex emulsion composition for producing waterproofing membranes and modified bitumen-latex emulsion composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of bitumen-based protective and waterproofing materials. The method of producing a modified bitumen-latex emulsion composition involves mixing a water-bitumen emulsion obtained from an aqueous phase prepared by mixing an aqueous alkaline solution with an adduct-based emulsifier - a product of reacting acids of vegetable oils with di-, tri-polyols with a normal and/or isomeric structure in the presence of sodium salts of alkylbenzene sulphonic acid and bitumen. The water-bitumen emulsion is mixed with an emulsion of a coalescent agent and latex. The emulsion of the coalescent agent is prepared by mixing said adduct and an organic phase based on a mixture of mono- and dialkyl phthalates, high-aromatic oils with aromatic value of at least 50 and/or synthetic and/or mineral oils, followed by emulsification in an alkaline aqueous solution at 80-900°C for 10-90 minutes. The invention also relates to a modified bitumen-latex emulsion composition obtained using said method.

EFFECT: fast formation of a waterproofing coating at temperatures not below 0°C, which does not lose its consumer properties after briefly freezing to -5°C.

6 cl, 7 ex

Description

The group of inventions relates to the creation of protective and waterproofing materials based on bitumen.

A known method of manufacturing a composite insulating and / or roofing material on a fibrous basis, designed to perform and / or reconstruction of coating of steam, waterproofing and / or mastic roofs, the implementation and / or reconstruction of gluing waterproofing and / or roll roofs, flooring used in various buildings, structures (RU 2033499, publ. 20.04.1995, IPC E04B 1/62). In accordance with this method, paper, or cardboard, or fabric, or non-woven material is impregnated with a bitumen-containing composition to form a bitumen-containing layer on such a fibrous base; the resulting material, depending on the configuration of the fibrous base, has the form of a sheet or tape.

A known method of manufacturing a tape flexible material based on bitumen and polymer type SBS, used as a sealing and insulating material, described in French patent application No. 2898613, publ. 09.21.07 according to MKI D06N 5/00.

The specified method consists in the fact that the tape made of a thin fibrous material, for example, of viscose, fiberglass, is immersed in a container containing a liquid composition based on bitumen and SBS type thermoplastic elastomer, the fiber material of the tape is impregnated with this liquid composition, and then the tape is pulled through the specified the composition is still in a viscous state and a tape material is obtained, which is a layer of a mixture of bitumen and SBS elastomer (layer thickness 2.5-4.0 mm, width 1000 mm), in the thickness of which a reinforcing element is located cop - a thin fibrous web, the parameters of which in width and length repeat the parameters of the tape material.

The specified method is technologically complicated, associated with the use of special equipment equipped with temperature sensors and pulling means, providing both the formation of a layer of a mixture of bitumen and elastomer on the surface of the fibrous web, and providing a stable arrangement of the reinforcing fibrous web inside this formed, but very thin layer of the mixture of bitumen and elastomer . Moreover, the material, called the membrane in French patent application No. 2898613, is used only as a surface, finishing layer on an insulated and / or sealed surface, this membrane is not able to provide sealing joints for mating of asphalt concrete coatings on roads, bridges, including the process of laying hot asphalt mix by melting the thinnest working layer of a mixture of bitumen and elastomer.

International patent application WO 02/26889 A1 is devoted to a bitumen composition modified with an elastomeric polymer, for example styrene / butadiene / styrene copolymer containing any type of additive IRGANOX. The disadvantage is that the composition is solid, and in order to have the desired viscosity for the use of the discussed compositions, they need to be heated, which is contrary to the goals of energy conservation, lowering the temperatures required for commissioning and the safety of workers.

From RU 2416624 it is known to manufacture an insulating membrane on a bitumen basis, less brittle compared to conventional blown bitumen and having good stickiness.

Bitumen emulsion is widely used as a binder in various industries. They proved themselves well in the construction and repair of roads (M.F. Nikitina, I.M. Eventov, and others. Road emulsions. Because of Transport, Moscow, 1964, p. 172; Collection of Works of the Union, issue .57, M., 1972), but in both cases, it is used together with latex to increase mechanical strength and water resistance (Guidelines for the design and installation of roofs using bitumen emulsions. Because of Stroyizdat, M. , 1983, p.16; Emulsion bitumen-latex material for the device and repair of roofs and waterproofing - BLEM. New polymer building materials. From "Yaroslavl Plant SK", Yaroslavl, 1988, p.22-28) or other materials. Such a wide range of applications of bitumen emulsions constantly stimulates work to improve its operational properties, mainly with the aim of increasing its stability, water resistance and improving its adhesion to the substrate and mineral fillers.

A number of modified bitumen emulsions are known in which various additives are introduced, such as derivatives of monocarboxylic acids, biolipidic extracts, epoxidized fatty acids, sodium salts of carboxymethyl cellulose and phosphoric acid, natural latex and liquid rubber, acrylamide homopolymer, etc. (USSR AS No. 1162841, 1985; Pat. GDR No. 226293, class C 08 L 95/00, 1985; US Pat. No. 4,548,966, class C08L 3/14, 1985; US Pat. No. 4,772,647, class C08L 95/00, 1988). These additives significantly improve the performance of coatings based on these emulsions. However, other parameters of such coatings often worsen. In particular, the use of fatty monocarboxylic acids, biolipidic extract, epoxidized fatty acids, sodium salts of carboxymethyl cellulose increase the uniformity and stability of emulsions against delamination during storage, but are not waterproof and have little adhesion to the substrate surface and mineral fillers.

A bitumen emulsion of styrene-butadiene latex and carboxymethyl cellulose with the addition of sodium or potassium ethyl or butyl xanthogenate and phosphoric acid reduces the film formation time by 2 times, but emits highly toxic and flammable carbon disulfide during the production and operation and has a high price.

The addition of liquid rubber and an inert filler to the bitumen emulsion results in more flexible coatings. However, as a disadvantage of this composition, it should be noted its low storage stability, the difficulty of preparation and poor adhesion to mineral fillers.

The introduction of acrylamide homopolymer into the emulsion promotes the formation of a strong film and accelerates the hardening process in comparison with an emulsion containing hydroxyethyl cellulose. But the disadvantages of this emulsion are the complexity of its manufacture, high cost, low water resistance and poor adhesion to the substrate. Similar disadvantages are also inherent in emulsions prepared with the addition of the other additives listed above.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is an emulsion-mineral mixture comprising a bitumen emulsion RU 2240333 containing bitumen, a cationic emulsifier of amine type, polymer and adhesive additives, hydrochloric acid, water, latex. The disadvantage of the prototype is that this mixture does not allow to obtain a membrane capable of restoring its consumer properties after short-term freezing to -5 ° C.

The technical result for the group of inventions is that the emulsifier obtained in this way does not delaminate, is not afraid of freezing, can be pumped by gear pumps at temperatures from -5 ° C, without requiring additional heating, and quickly forms a waterproofing coating at temperatures not lower than 0 ° C.

The technical result is achieved by the method of obtaining a modified bitumen-latex emulsion composition for the production of a waterproofing membrane, by mixing a water-bitumen emulsion obtained from the aqueous phase, prepared by adding an emulsifier to the aqueous alkali solution based on the adduct of the product of the interaction of vegetable oil acids with normal di-, tri-polyols and / or isostructure in the presence of sodium salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids and bitumen, and the water-bitumen emulsion is mixed with a coalescent and latex emulsion m, while a coalescent emulsion is prepared by mixing the indicated adduct and the organic phase on the basis of a mixture of mono- and dialkyl phthalates, highly aromatic oils with an aromatic number of at least 50 and / or synthetic and / or mineral oils, followed by emulsification in an aqueous solution of alkali at 80-900С in within 10-90 minutes

In addition, the technical result is achieved by using bitumens with a penetration index of 20-130 units, and an organic phase in the amount of 1-10% of the mass is additionally introduced into bitumen with a penetration of less than 35 units, anionic type latex or a mixture of such latexes (for example, acrylate, and / or styrene acrylate and / or divinyl styrene and / or chloroprene latexes).

The technical result is also achieved due to the modified bitumen-latex emulsion composition, characterized in that it contains emulsions of bitumen and alkylphthalates and obtained by the method described above.

A method for the production of bitumen-emulsion material to obtain a waterproofing membrane by airless two-stream spraying at a temperature of at least 0 ° C, capable of restoring its consumer properties after short-term freezing to -5 ° C, is mainly characterized by the following distinctive features:

1. The preparation of an aqueous bitumen emulsion is carried out in the presence of an emulsifier based on an adduct of the interaction of the acids of vegetable oils with normal and / or iso-building di-, tripolyols in the presence of sodium salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids.

2. Modification of the material with an aqueous emulsion of a mixture of mono- and / or dialkyl phthalates, highly aromatic oils (characterizing the trait is an aromatic number of at least 50), synthetic and mineral oils, obtained separately using an emulsifier, which provides a fairly rapid formation of a waterproofing coating at temperatures not lower than 0 ° C.

3. The modified bitumen-latex emulsion material, including emulsions of bitumen and alkyl phthalates obtained in the presence of the emulsifier according to claim 1, does not lose its consumer properties after short-term freezing to -5 ° C.

MEANS AND METHODS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The preparation of the emulsifier is carried out in volumetric apparatuses equipped with heating, cooling, condensation systems and a mixing device. The process goes at temperatures of 80-900 ° C. All source components are loaded, the boot order does not matter. The mixture is heated to the set temperature. It is aged 10-90 minutes. The emulsifier obtained in this way does not delaminate, is not afraid of freezing, can be pumped by gear pumps at temperatures from -5 ° C, without requiring additional heating.

The preparation of a coalescent emulsion is carried out on rotary dispersers with a number of steps of 1-7 at a temperature of 20-100 ° C in the presence of an emulsifier prepared with a pH of 10.5-12.5.

The aqueous and organic phases are prepared separately.

The preparation of the aqueous phase is carried out in capacitive-type apparatuses equipped with heating and a stirrer. Caustic soda and potassium hydroxide are dissolved in water, then an emulsifier is added. Dissolution is carried out at 40 ° C.

Preparation of the organic phase is carried out in capacitive-type apparatuses equipped with heating and a stirrer. Download all components in random order, then heat to 60 ° C.

The emulsion is obtained on rotary-type dispersants with a number of steps from 2 to 7 according to a continuous or periodic scheme. An increase in the number of steps greater than 7 does not lead to an increase in the quality of the emulsion.

The emulsion thus obtained is stable for a long time. It is stored in containers or barrels.

Preparation of bitumen emulsion. The preparation technology is similar to that of the preparation of a coalescent emulsion. Bitumens with a penetration rate of 20-130 units are used as the organic phase. In bitumen with a penetration of less than 35 units, an organic phase is additionally introduced in an amount of 1-10%, depending on the grade of bitumen.

The organic phase is heated to a temperature of 130-150 ° C before being fed to the dispersant, then both phases are fed to the dispersant.

The preparation of bitumen-latex emulsions is carried out in capacitive-type apparatuses equipped with a stirrer, mixing in a stream or pouring components by weight in a container.

For cooking, take:

Prepared bitumen emulsion, prepared coalescent emulsion and anionic type latex, or a mixture of such latexes. Acrylate, styrene acrylate, divinyl styrene, chloroprene and others can be used.

The distinctive properties of the invention provide the following technical result:

1. Significantly accelerated the process of forming a waterproofing membrane obtained by double-flow application, which allows you to work with the material at ambient temperatures up to 0 ° C.

2. In the case of cooling the material to -5 ° C for a period of not more than 24 hours, subsequent heating of the material to positive temperatures (but not more than 100 ° c) leads to the restoration of consumer properties of the material.

3. The relative elongation of the deposited membrane with an exposure of 30 days at a temperature of 20 ° C 1500%.

The method uses synthetic oils and iso- and di-, tripolyols: for example, oil PN-6sh, I-20, glycerin; 2,4-butanediol; cetyl alcohol 2, pentamethylene glycol.

In the examples of the method, it is shown that as a component of the emulsion “mixture of mono- and / or dialkylphthalates” includes such substances: dinonyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diisopropyl phthalate, isopropyl benzene, butyl benzene, hexaisopropyl benzene.

Example 1. Preparation of an emulsifier

Loading:

abietic - 6

lignoceric - 10

paleustrovaya - 7

pimarova - 7

stearic - 10

eruca - 5

linoleic - 5

oleic - 30

sodium dodecyl sulfonate - 2

Sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate - 8

propylene glycol - 5

glycerin - 4.5

cetyl alcohol - 0.5

TOTAL: 100% of the mass.

Mixing temperature 180 ° C, time 20 min.

Example 2. Preparation of an emulsifier

Loading:

abietic - 6

lignoceric - 15

paleustrovaya - 7

pimarova - 7

stearic - 15

eruca - 5

linoleic - 5

oleic - 20

sodium dodecyl sulfonate - 1

Sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate - 1

GPMC-1

PVA-1

ethylene glycol - 10

propylene glycol - 6

TOTAL: 100% of the mass.

Mixing temperature 140 ° C, time 60 min.

Emulsion Preparation

Example 3

Water phase:

Emulsifier (as in example 1) - 6.67

KOH - 1

NaOH - 0.58

Water - 91.75

Total: - 100

Cooking temperature 40 ° C, cooking time 1 hour.

Example 4

Water phase:

Emulsifier (as in example 2) - 1

KOH - 0.1

NaOH - 0.05

Water - 98.85

Total: - 100

Cooking temperature 45 ° C, cooking time 1 hour.

Example 5

The aqueous phase prepared in example 3 is 30.

Bitumen 60/90 BND - 70.

The temperature of the bitumen is 140 ° C, the temperature of the aqueous phase is 40 ° C, passed through a disperser with 3 steps in 1 pass.

Example 6

The aqueous phase (see Example 4) - 40

dinonyl phthalate - 10

dioctyl phthalate - 10

diisopropyl phthalate - 10

isopropylbenzene - 10

butylbenzene - 10

hexaisopropylbenzene - 10

Example 7

Bitumen emulsion (as in example 5) - 73

The coalescent emulsion according to example 6 - 5

Latex Lipaton SB 2540 - 7

Latex Lipren B - 15

Claims (6)

1. A method of obtaining a modified bitumen-latex emulsion composition for the production of a waterproofing membrane by mixing a water-bitumen emulsion obtained from the aqueous phase, prepared by adding an emulsifier based on an adduct into the aqueous alkali solution, a product of the interaction of vegetable oil acids with normal di- and tri-polyols / or isostructure in the presence of sodium salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids and bitumen, and the water-bitumen emulsion is mixed with a coalescent emulsion and latex, while the emulsion is coalescent is produced by mixing said adduct and an organic phase based on a mixture of mono- and dialkyl phthalates, highly aromatic oils with an aromatic number of at least 50 and / or synthetic and / or mineral oils, followed by emulsification in an aqueous alkali solution at 80-900 ° C for 10-90 min 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that bitumen is used with a penetration rate of 20-130 units. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that in the bitumen with a penetration of less than 35 units additionally enter the organic phase in an amount of 1-10% of the mass. 4. The method according to any one of paragraphs 1-3, characterized in that they use anionic type latex or a mixture of such latexes. 5. The method according to paragraph 4, characterized in that acrylate and / or styrene acrylate and / or divinyl styrene and / or chloroprene latexes are used. 6. Modified bitumen-latex emulsion composition, characterized in that it contains emulsions of bitumen and alkyl phthalates obtained by the method according to any one of paragraphs 1 or 5.