RU2489550C1 - Method for underground structure erection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method for underground structure erection includes arrangement of walls in soil along the pit contour, stage-by-stage soil excavation, arrangement of a slab with support against walls and dismountable inventory structures, concreting of a foundation slab, with subsequent erection of capital vertical bearing structures, fixation of slabs on them and dismantling of inventory structures. Between walls arranged along the pit contour in soil they first partially excavate soil, then an inventory structure is installed with a support against soil and walls. A slab is arranged with support against the inventory structure and walls, afterwards soil under the inventory structure is extracted. Additional struts are mounted into a thrust between walls and units of the inventory structure, afterwards the remaining part of the pit soil is excavated, the foundation slab is concreted. Then the bearing vertical walls and/or pillars are installed, the slab is rested against them, and inventory structures and struts are dismantled.

EFFECT: reduced steel consumption for inventory structures, simplification of an inventory structure and reduction of its weight, simplified technology of underground structure erection.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely to the construction of underground structures with internal fastening in an open way.

There is a method of erecting an underground structure, including the implementation of the "walls in the ground" along the contour of the pit, the phased development of the soil with installation at each stage of temporary fastening in the form of steel struts, concreting of the base plate, followed by the construction of capital vertical load-bearing structures and ceilings and the dismantling of temporary fastening. (see Makovsky L.V., Chebotarev S.V., Zege S.O. Systems for fixing pits during the construction of underground structures. Textbook / MADI (TU). - M., 2000. - 120 s).

The disadvantage of this method is the high consumption of steel for temporary fastening and significant deformation of the spacers, increasing the likelihood of movement of the surrounding rock mass.

There is a method of erecting a multi-story underground structure, characterized in that after completing “walls in the ground” along the contour of the structure being erected, overlap is constructed with its spacers mounted to “walls in the ground” and steel inventory is mounted in the form of braces, belts and racks that combine with overlapping collaboration. Subsequent development of the soil is carried out under the ceilings of the supporting and spacer structures, and after the construction of the foundation slab, the ceilings are based on capital vertical structures, and the inventory structures are dismantled / RF patent No. 2220258, class. E02D 29/00, publ. 12/27/2003 /

The disadvantage of this method is the large material consumption of inventory designs, the complexity of installation and the occurrence of significant loads on the walls during installation of the ceiling.

The technical problem is to simplify the method of erecting an underground structure with a depth of 10-12 m, reducing the material consumption of the structure, simplifying the inventory structure and reducing its weight.

The problem is solved in such a way that in the method of erecting an underground structure, including the implementation of the "walls in the ground" along the contour of the foundation pit, stage-by-stage excavation of the floor, a device for overlapping the walls and dismountable inventory structures, concreting of the foundation slab, followed by the erection of capital vertical load-bearing structures , fixing the ceilings on them, and dismantling the inventory structures, according to the invention, between the “walls in the ground” made along the contour of the pit, first produce partial sampling of the soil, install the inventory structure with support on the ground and “walls in the ground”, arrange the overlap with support on the inventory structure and walls, then select the soil under the inventory structure, mount additional struts back and forth between the walls and nodes of the inventory structure, then select the remainder of the pit soil, the foundation slab is concreted, then the supporting vertical walls and / or columns are mounted, the floor is supported on them, and the inventory structures and struts are dismantled.

The proposed method differs from the known one in that for the construction of an underground structure with a depth of 10-12 m between the walls made in the soil along the contour of the foundation pit, first, a partial selection of the soil is made, an inventory structure is installed based on the ground and the "walls in the ground", they overlap with relying on the inventory structure and “walls in the ground”, after which the soil under the inventory structure is selected, additional struts are mounted in the strut between the walls and nodes of the inventory structure, after which the remaining Yusya part soil excavation, foundation slab concreted, then mounted bearing vertical wall and / or string, resting on them overlap and dismount design and inventory struts.

The proposed method allows to reduce the consumption of steel for inventory structures and simplify the technology of construction of an underground structure.

In the proposed method, the inventory design can be made in the form of a truss of rod elements with nodes or beams from a solid wall, to which nodes for attaching struts are attached. In the calculated relation, the fastening structure is a steel-reinforced concrete structure in which the reinforced concrete slab works for compression both from the horizontal pressure of the soil and its own weight, while the steel elements provide the perception of a part of the horizontal pressure of the soil due to the compression and tensile work action of own weight. This allows you to reduce the effort in the inventory elements and their material consumption, which makes it possible to reduce weight and simplify their installation.

The procedure for excavation provides the opportunity to develop soil in an open pit in its greater part.

The implementation of the method is illustrated in the drawing.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the construction of an underground structure, the stage of installation of the inventory structure with support on the ground, figure 2 - the stage of installation of the inventory structure with support on the "walls in the ground", figure 3 - the stage of installation of the inventory structure with support on the walls and 4 is a stage of dismantling an inventory structure with resizing of the ceiling on vertical supporting structures.

The method is as follows:

First, along the contour of the pit, "walls in the ground" 1 are performed. Then, between the walls 1 made along the contour of the pit, a partial sampling of the soil 2 is performed.

Based on the ground and walls 1, an inventory structure 3 is installed, consisting of braces 4 and belt 5 (see Fig. 1), and a reinforced concrete floor 6 is arranged with support on the inventory structure 3 and walls 1 in the ground (see Fig. 2) . After that, select the soil under the inventory structure 3 to an intermediate level 7 (see figure 2) and install additional struts 8 completely between the walls 1 and nodes 9 of the inventory structure 3 (see figure 3). After that, the rest of the soil of the pit 10 is selected, the foundation slab 11 is concreted, and the capital vertical supporting structures 12 (load-bearing walls and / or columns) are constructed. After that, the inventory structures 3 are dismantled (see Fig. 4) with the backing of the ceiling on the walls 1 and the capital vertical supporting structures 12.

When performing the work, according to figure 1, the stability of the walls in the ground is ensured by passive resistance of the soil.

When performing the work, according to figure 2, the stability of the walls in the soil is ensured by passive resistance of the soil and work on the compression of the capital floor.

When performing the work, according to Fig. 3, the stability of the walls in the ground is ensured by passive repulse of the soil, compression work of the main floor and struts.

When performing the work, according to figure 4, the stability of the walls in the ground is ensured by the work on compression of the floor and the base plate.

Thus, at all stages of excavation of the foundation pit using the “wall in soil” method, the underground structure has reliable internal fastening.

Claims (1)

A method of erecting an underground structure, including performing along the contour of the foundation pit of walls in the soil, stage-by-stage excavation of the floor, a floor slab based on the walls and dismountable inventory structures, concreting of the foundation slab, followed by the construction of capital vertical load-bearing structures, fixing the ceilings on them and dismantling the inventory structures, characterized in that between the walls made along the contour of the pit in the soil, at first a partial sampling of the soil is made, installed with support on the ground t and walls of the inventory structure, arrange the ceiling with support on the inventory structure and walls, after which the soil under the inventory structure is selected, additional struts are mounted between the walls and nodes of the inventory structure, then the remaining part of the excavation ground is selected, the foundation slab is concrete, then mounted bearing vertical walls and / or columns, support the ceiling on them and dismantle inventory structures and struts.

Images