RU2485398C1 - Device for fuel burning and method of fuel burning - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device for fuel burning comprises a body of the main burner, where a device is installed for supply of gaseous fuel and/or a device for liquid fluid supply, as well as a pilot burner and an ignition burner. The pilot burner and the ignition burner have sensors of flare control. At the same time to control a flare of the permanently operating pilot burner there is a sensor used, the principle of operation of which excludes the possibility of impact of another flare, for instance, an ionisation sensor.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to provide for a safe method of fuel burning.

9 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to energy, and in particular to combined burners for burning gaseous and / or liquid fuels used in steam and hot water boilers, heat generators and gas-using installations. Natural gas or liquefied gas can be used as gas fuel, and fuel oil, diesel fuel or boiler fuel can be used as liquid fuel.

Combined blast burners are known (CJSC Scientific-Production Center of Power Equipment, www.npceo.ru, section "products") for the combustion of gas and / or liquid fuels. These burners, for example the GP-1,7D-1 burner, are designed to burn gaseous and liquid fuels in tube furnaces. Known burners comprise a housing and an air duct having a rotary gate with a manual control mechanism. The liquid part of the burners contains a nozzle, a fuel oil pipe, a steam pipe and a filter. The gas part of the burner contains a gas supply pipe, a gas chamber and gas shafts. The burners are equipped with a permanent ignition burner ПГ-50М with flame monitoring devices and remote electric ignition or a pilot burner ПГ-28КП with flame monitoring devices. The pilot burner PG-28KP or the pilot burner PG-50M are installed in the channel of the burner stone. Ignition of a pilot burner can be carried out with a portable gas igniter PZ-16 or a portable electric igniter EZAM. The pilot burner ПГ-28КП, like the pilot burner ПГ-50М, is an injection burner of incomplete preliminary mixing and is controlled by a flame control sensor - UV-scanner UV7A4.

A disadvantage of the known combined blast burners is the installation of only a pilot burner, which makes it impossible to fully automate the process of safe ignition of the burner. In addition, the installation of a pilot burner outside the main burner body requires reconstruction of the boiler.

A device for burning gaseous fuels is known as a burner (RU, patent for invention No. 2230257), adopted as a prototype for the inventive device. The known device for burning gaseous fuels (hereinafter the device) has a housing with a central and peripheral air channels, in the cavities of which are located air swirls. In the central air channel there is a gas manifold with gas distribution tubes connected to it at one end. The gas manifold is connected by a fitting to the gas source. In the housing there is a pipe under the igniter and a pipe under the photosensor for monitoring the presence of the torch of the burner. The device can be made with a pilot burner. The pilot burner is equipped with its own gas manifold with a fitting for connection to a gas source. The pilot burner has an internal air duct connected to the air with a pilot burner fitting.

In the known device, the pilot burner serves to stabilize the general torch of the device. Moreover, the pilot burner in the known device does not perform the function of ensuring the safe operation of the device as a whole, in terms of the lack of separate control of the torch of the constantly burning pilot burner.

A known method of burning fuel (RU, copyright certificate No. 1151761) for power boilers operating in the mode of burning liquid or gaseous fuel. A device (burner) for implementing the known method comprises a fuel nozzle mounted along the axis of the central channel. Two annular channels are arranged concentrically with it. For gas supply, a gas-emitting unit is installed. In the central channel and one of the annular channels, swirlers are installed. The method of burning fuel is that air is supplied to the central and peripheral channels, gas is supplied to the peripheral air stream, fuel oil is sprayed into the central air stream, and flue gases are supplied between the air streams. In the known method of combustion, there are no measures to ensure the safe operation of the burner.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device for a safe method of burning fuel.

The technical result in the first invention is achieved in that the device for burning fuel comprises a main burner body in which a device for supplying gaseous fuel and / or a device for supplying liquid fuel, a pilot burner with a pilot flame control sensor and a pilot burner with a flame control sensor are installed pilot burner. In this case, a sensor is used, the principle of which excludes the possibility of the influence of another torch, for example, an ionization sensor.

The technical result in the second invention is achieved in that the method of burning fuel consists in subjecting a pilot burner to ignition, after confirming the presence of a pilot burner torch, subjecting the pilot to ignition with a pilot burner, the air-gas mixture formed at the outlet of the pilot burner controls the pilot torch and, if confirmed the presence of a pilot torch torch, turn off the pilot burner, subject to pilot-torch ignition a gas-air mixture or a mixture of liquid fuel with air, called at the exit of the main burner, while eliminating the extinction of the torch of the main burner due to the constantly operating pilot burner.

The proposed group of inventions is illustrated by the following drawings, where:

Figure 1 - General view of a device for burning fuel;

Figure 2 is a rear view, a section through the housing of the device for burning fuel;

Figure 3 is a section in the horizontal plane of the device for burning fuel;

4 is a front view of a device for burning fuel.

A device for burning fuel (burner) contains the following structural elements:

1 - main burner body;

2 - a device for regulating the air flow to the burner;

3 - central air channel;

4 - peripheral air channel;

5 - blades for swirling the air flow in the central channel;

6 - blades for swirling the air flow in the peripheral channel;

7 - a device for supplying gaseous fuel in the form of gas tubes;

8 - fuel supply fitting;

9 - annular gas manifold for supplying fuel;

10 - pipe for installing a liquid fuel supply device;

11 - pilot burner;

12 - air chamber in the pilot burner;

13 - gas chamber in the pilot burner;

14 - blades for swirling air in a pilot burner;

15 - pipe for supplying air to the pilot burner;

16 - gas pipeline for supplying gas to the pilot burner;

17 - sensor monitoring the torch of the pilot burner;

18 - ignition burner with a flame control sensor ignition burner.

The main burner has a housing 1, at the input of which a device 2 is installed to control the air flow to the burner. In the inner cavity of the housing are central 3 and peripheral 4 air channels. In the central 3 and peripheral 4 air channels, blades 5 and 6 are placed to swirl the air flow. The burner has a device 7 for supplying gaseous fuel and / or a device for supplying liquid fuel. The device 7 for supplying gaseous fuel can be made in the form of gas tubes evenly spaced in the interior of the housing 1 of the main burner. The axis of the gas pipes are parallel to the axis of the housing 1. At the ends of the gas pipes, gas outlets are made. Gas is supplied from the gas supply pipe through the nozzle 8 to the annular (toroidal) gas manifold 9. Gas pipes 7 are connected to the annular manifold 9. The gas manifold 9 is located outside the main burner body 1. A device for supplying liquid fuel is made in the form of a nozzle mounted in a pipe 10 located along the axis of the housing.

A pilot burner 11 is installed in the housing 1 of the main burner.

Pilot burner 11 contains air 12 and gas 13 chambers. In the air chamber 12 of the pilot burner mounted blades 14 for swirling air. The pilot burner 11 is located parallel to the axis of the housing 1 of the main burner. Air enters the pilot burner 11 through the pipe 15. Gas is supplied to the gas chamber 13 through the gas pipe 16. The pilot burner 11 has a pilot flame control sensor 17. In this case, a sensor is used, the principle of which excludes the possibility of another torch influencing it. The pilot torch flame control can be carried out by an ionization sensor, the principle of which is based on the electrical conductivity of the torch torch.

The function of the pilot burner is to stabilize the torch of the main burner and reliably control its own torch and, as a result, the torch of the main burner.

In the housing 1 of the main burner, a pilot burner 18 is installed.

The installation of the pilot burner 18 in the housing 1 of the main burner provides automatic ignition of the pilot burner 11.

The ignition burner 18 is equipped with an electric ignition device and a flame control sensor of the ignition burner.

The operation of the gas-fired burner is carried out in the following order:

- Before igniting the burner, the device 2 for controlling the air flow is in the closed position;

- Gas is supplied to the ignition burner 18;

- Ignite the device for electric ignition ignition burner 18 and make sure the presence of its torch using a torch control sensor;

- Air and gas are supplied through the pipe 15 and gas line 16 to the pilot burner 11. In this case, the separate supply of air and gas to the pilot burner is carried out with constant pressure, which ensures constant power of the pilot burner;

- When leaving the gas chamber 13, the gas is mixed with air swirling by the blades 14 to swirl the air. The resulting air-gas mixture ignites from the ignition burner 18;

- After the sensor 17 control the torch of the pilot burner, turn off the gas supply to the ignition burner 18;

- The air flow control device 2 and the device installed in the gas equipment of the burner open. In this case, the air enters the central 3 and peripheral 4 air channels, and the gas into the gas tubes 7;

- The air supplied through the central and peripheral channels is twisted by blades 5 and 6 to swirl the air and mixes with the gas flowing from the gas outlets of the gas tubes 7;

- The resulting air-gas mixture ignites from the pilot burner 11.

The operation of the burner on liquid fuel is carried out in the following order:

- Before igniting the burner, the device for regulating the air flow is in the closed position;

- Gas is supplied to the ignition burner 18;

- Ignite the device for electric ignition ignition burner 18 and make sure the presence of its torch using a torch control sensor;

- Air and gas are supplied through the pipe 15 and gas line 16 to the pilot burner 11. In this case, the separate supply of air and gas to the pilot burner 11 is carried out with a constant pressure, which ensures a constant burner power;

- When leaving the gas chamber 13, the gas is mixed with air swirling by the blades 14 to swirl the air. The resulting air-gas mixture ignites from the ignition burner 18;

- After the sensor 17 control the torch of the pilot burner, turn off the gas supply to the ignition burner 18;

- The air flow control device 2 and the device blocking the passage of liquid fuel are opened. In this case, the air enters the central 3 and peripheral 4 air channels, and liquid fuel into the nozzle installed in the pipe 10;

- The air supplied through the central 3 and peripheral 4 channels is swirled by blades 5 and 6 to swirl the air and mixed with liquid fuel supplied to the combustion zone in the form of a vapor-liquid mixture;

- The resulting mixture of air and liquid fuel is ignited by the pilot burner 11.

The presence of the torch of the pilot burner 11 guarantees the presence of the main torch of the burner due to its continuous operation. During operation of the main burner, the pilot torch torch is constantly monitored by the sensor 17. The pilot torch torch is monitored by a method that excludes the influence of the main torch and torches of other working torches on its sensor. If the sensor 17 indicates the absence of a pilot torch flame, gas supply to the entire burner is cut off.

Claims (9)

1. A device for burning fuel, comprising a main burner with a device for supplying gaseous fuel and / or with a device for supplying liquid fuel, a pilot burner and a pilot burner, characterized in that the pilot burner with a flame control sensor of the pilot burner and a pilot burner with a monitoring sensor pilot torch torches are located in the main burner body. 2. The device for burning fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that a sensor is used as a torch control sensor of the pilot burner, the principle of which eliminates the possibility of another torch, for example, an ionization sensor. 3. The device for burning fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that the pilot burner has air and gas chambers. 4. The device for burning fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that the main burner body has a central and peripheral channels, and blades for swirling air are located in the channels. 5. The device for burning fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that in the air channel of the pilot burner are blades for swirling air. 6. The device for burning fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for supplying gaseous fuel is made in the form of gas tubes located parallel to the axis of the main burner body. 7. The device for burning fuel according to claim 6, characterized in that the distribution of gaseous fuel into the gas tubes occurs through an annular gas manifold located outside the main burner body. 8. The device for burning fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for supplying liquid fuel to the combustion space is made in the form of a nozzle. 9. The method of burning fuel, which consists in subjecting the pilot burner to ignition, after confirming the presence of the pilot burner torch, subjecting the pilot burner to igniting the gas-air mixture formed at the outlet of the pilot burner, controlling the pilot pilot torch and, if the pilot pilot torch is confirmed, shut off the pilot the burner is subjected to ignition by the torch of the pilot burner a gas-air mixture or a mixture of air and liquid fuel formed at the outlet of the main burner, while excluding HASSANOV flame core burner due to permanent pilot burner.

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