RU2477951C2 - Method to increase embryonic viability of poultry - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to poultry keeping, in particular, to a method to increase embryonic viability of poultry. The method to increase embryonic viability of poultry consists in pre-incubation treatment of hen eggs with light of helium-neon laser. Eggs prior to incubation of embryos at 6, 12 and 18 days of development are radiated with light of the laser "Matrix" with wave length of 630 nm, average dose on the surface of eggs is 20 MW.

EFFECT: using the invention makes it possible to increase embryonic viability of poultry.

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Description

The invention relates to poultry and can be used to increase incubation rates of eggs of poultry.

Increasing the viability of poultry embryos by pre-incubation processing of eggs with radiation from four OKG-12 helium-neon lasers with a wavelength of 632.8 nm, an output power of 15 mW, which stimulates the growth, development, and indicators of the bird's natural resistance (Petrov EB The use of helium rays neon laser to stimulate embryogenesis of chickens and increase the viability of chickens. Author's abstract of the dissertation of the candidate of agricultural sciences. M: MBA, 1982. - 20 p.).

The disadvantages of this method are the use of four helium-neon lasers, high energy consumption, difficulties in organizing irradiation of hatching eggs, lack of information about the effect of laser radiation on developing embryos, and the effect of the coherent red light of the Matrix laser on bird embryogenesis has not been identified.

A known method of stimulating the embryonic development of poultry by pre-incubation irradiation of eggs with monochromatic coherent red light of an LGN-104 helium-neon laser, a wavelength of 632.8 nm, a power density on the egg surface of 50 mW, at which the embryonic waste decreases, the output of conditioned chickens increases (Mamukaev MN, Mamukaev R.Kh. Installation for laser irradiation of eggs (USSR author's certificate No. 18211958).

The disadvantages of this method are the need for a scanning device, consisting of an electric motor and a cone-shaped device for scanning the laser beam of the LGN-104 laser into the backlight, high energy consumption and lack of information about the effect of the light of the Matrix laser on bird embryogenesis.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed, is to increase the embryonic viability of birds by treating hatching eggs and developing embryos with the help of the Matrix laser.

Light processing of hatching eggs of developing embryos was carried out in a conveyor-type installation (see the application for a description).

For practical justification and determination of the optimal mode of use of the Matrix laser light in poultry, the influence of the tested artificial radiant energy source on the bird embryogenesis can be used. For this purpose, an apparatus for irradiating eggs with the Matrix laser and the DNESG-500 lamp was manufactured (Figs. 1, 2 )

To achieve a technical result, an experimental installation of a conveyor type was made for operation both on an industrial type poultry farm and on ordinary poultry farms (Fig. 1).

The installation for processing poultry embryos and day-old chicks with radiant energy consists of a metal frame made of angular iron (1), a Matrix laser (9), a Matrix laser power supply and regulation unit (8) with a DNESG-500 discharge lamp (10), and an electric motor transporting device (4), gearbox (3), chain conveyor (12), control panel (6), electromagnetic starter KMZ-2 (5), backlight camera (7), stands (2).

The operation of the installation for processing bird embryos and day-old chicks with radiant energy.

Using the control panel (Fig. 2), voltage is supplied to the installation, the “Matrix” laser and the DnESG-500 gas-discharge lamp are turned on by the TV-1 and TV-3 tumblers, and after 8 minutes the installation is ready for operation.

Trays with hatching eggs 11 or boxes with daily chickens are fed to stands 2, by means of the TV-2 toggle switch, the electric motor of the transporting device - 4, which drives the chain conveyor 12, is switched on.

Trays with hatching eggs or day-old chicks, moving along the backlight chamber - 7, are exposed to incoherent red light from a DNESG-500 - 10 gas discharge lamp or to the Matrix - 9 coherent polarized red light, then they are pulled out onto the supports - 2 from the opposite side from the control panel and are used in the further technological process.

When studying various exposure doses of the Matrix laser on egg incubation indicators, it was found that the use of pre-incubation processing of eggs with Matrix laser light in exposures 1; 3; 5; 10 and 15 minutes does not inhibit the embryonic development of the bird (table 1).

The incubation waste indicator for the category of unfertilized eggs was more fruitfully affected by the use of exposure doses of 5, 10 and 15 minutes, at which the number of unfertilized eggs was 4.31, 3.96 and 3.88% compared to 7.50% in the control group.

The number of embryos rejected after a 6-day incubation (blood rings) was less during laser treatment in expositions 1; 3 and 5 min, when the embryo withdrawal was 2.50, 2.57 and 2.36%, while the same indicator when applying the exposure for 10 min - 2.92%, 15 min - 31.19%, in the control group 2 , 85%.

The indicators of the number of frozen embryos in all experimental groups did not practically differ and amounted to 4.03% in the control group, from 3.26 to 3.47% in the experimental groups, with an indicator superiority in the exposure dose groups of 3 and 5 minutes.

Incubation waste according to the category of suffocates was less when the embryos were treated with Matrix laser light in expositions 1; 3 and 5 min, when the indicators were 4.44, 4.72 and 4.79% while the waste

indicator when using exposures of 10, 15 minutes and in the control amounted to 4.93, 5.49 and 6.04%, respectively.

There were less substandard, weak chickens and cripples when using the Matrix laser light in exposures of 1 and 3 min (2.22%) and in the control group (2.50%), and in the exposure application groups 5; For 10 and 15 minutes this indicator amounted to 3.33, 4.30 and 4.72%.

As a result, the incubation waste according to the number of unfertilized eggs, blood rings, frozen embryos, and suffocates when using the Matrix laser for pre-incubation processing of the eggs for 1 min - 24.6 embryos (17.08%), 3 min - 23.5 embryos ( 16.32%), 5 min - 21.2 embryos (14.72%), 10 min - 21.9 embryos (15.2%), 15 min - 23.1 embryos (16.0%) against 29, 4 embryos (20.4%) in the control group, which is 4.8 less than the experimental groups, respectively; 5.9; 8.2; 7.5 and 6.3 embryos when irradiating embryos in exposures 1; 3; 5; 10 and 15 minutes

The analysis of indicators of total incubation waste by the number of unfertilized eggs, blood rings, frozen embryos, suffocates, and weak weak chickens and cripples corrects the results of biological resources activation using the Matrix laser radiation energy.

If in the control group the total incubation waste amounted to 33.0 embryos, then when the Matrix laser hatching eggs were irradiated in exposures of 1 min, the indicator was lower by 5.2 embryos, 3 min by 6.3 embryos, 5 min by 7, 0 embryo, 10 min per 4.9 embryo and 15 min per 3.1 embryo.

The results of the output of conditioned chickens revealed the superiority of the biostimulating effect of the pre-incubation treatment of the embryos with the Matrix laser light at exposures of 3 and 5 minutes, when more than 6.3 and 7.0 broilers were obtained compared with the control group, with the second group (exposure 1 min) - 4.1 and 4.8 broilers, with 5 groups (exposure 10 minutes) - 1.4 and 2.5 broilers, with 6 groups (exposure 15 minutes) - 3.2 and 3.9 broilers, respectively.

Thus, the search results for the optimal biostimulating exposure dose of the Matrix laser on the natal period of broiler ontogenesis allows us to draw the following conclusions:

- the use of Matrix laser radiation with a wavelength of 630 nm and an average dose of 20 mW on the egg surface for pre-incubation activation of embryogenesis does not have a depressing effect on broiler development;

- the number of hatching eggs classified as unfertilized was more effectively affected by exposure doses from 10 to 15 minutes, when the waste amounted to 3.96 to 3.89%, while the same indicator when applying the exposure for 1 minute was 6.74% 3 minutes - 5.69%. The use of 5 min of exposure for this indicator occupied an intermediate position (4.31%);

- incubation waste in terms of frozen embryos and suffocates did not reveal significant differences in the experimental groups. The embryo departure rate for the frozen embryo category ranged from 3.26 to 3.47% in the experimental groups with superior use of 3 and 5 min exposures, suffocations from 4.44 to 5.49% with superior incubation egg processing in expositions 1; 3 min;

- the number of substandard, weak chickens and cripples amounted to 3.2 broilers when using 1 and 3 min of exposures, which is 0.4 broilers lower than the control, when applying the exposure of 5 min - by 1.6 broilers, 10 min - by 3.0 (P <0.05) and 15 min - 3.6 broilers (P <0.05);

- the incubation waste detected during ovoscopy (unfertilized eggs, blood rings, suffocates, frozen embryos) and hatch (substandard, weak chickens and cripples) amounted to 22.92% in the control group, which is more than the use of the Matrix laser egg treatment in 1 min exposure at 18, 70%, 3 min at 23.60%, 5 min at 26.92%, 10 min at 17.44 and 15 min at 10.37%;

- in terms of hatching conditional chickens, the highest results were recorded when the hatching eggs were irradiated with a Matrix laser in exposures of 3 and 5 min, when broilers were obtained by 5.67% (P <0.05) and 6.31% more than the control (P <0.01), with the result of stimulation of embryonic development in an exposure of 10 min by 1.21% (P> 0.05) and 1.81% (P> 0.05), 15 min by 2.80% (P> 0.05) and by 3.42% (P <0.05);

- the impact on the embryonic waste of 1-15 minutes of exposure to the Matrix laser light in terms of the number of unfertilized eggs had a directly proportional effect. An inverse relationship was recorded in the number of incubation waste in terms of substandard, weak chickens and cripples;

- the highest hatchability of hatching eggs was obtained upon stimulation of embryonic development with Matrix laser light at exposures of 3 and 5 min, at which the difference in the output of conditioned chickens at 5 min exposures was +0.7 broiler (0.6%). Considering energy saving and increasing the efficiency of light processing, consider the optimal dose of stimulation of embryonic development of broilers with the help of Matrix laser light for 3 min;

- irradiation of hatching eggs with the help of Matrix laser with a wavelength of 630 nm, an average dose on the surface and 20 mW in exposures of 1 to 15 minutes did not have a side effect on bird embryogenesis. The chickens of the experimental groups reacted more actively to external stimuli.

Processing of hatching eggs with the Matrix laser light before incubation and during embryonic development on the 6th, 12th and 18th day of incubation introduces adjustments to the incubation indices (Table 2).

The highest level of unfertilized eggs was detected in the control group (10.8 eggs). Incubation waste for this indicator in the experimental groups was lower by 3.2-3.5 embryos without significant fluctuations in the experimental groups.

Compared with the control group (3.4 embryos), there were 5.88% less blood rings compared to the pre-incubation irradiation of eggs, and 2-fold exposure to the Matrix laser (3 group) - 20.59%, 3-fold (4 group) ) - by 29.41% and 4-fold radiant effects - by 23.53%. Differences in incubation waste by the number of blood rings at 2-, 3-, and 4-fold exposure to the Matrix laser light with an interval of 6 days were not significant.

The biostimulating effect of light processing of hatching eggs more significantly affected the mortality of embryos from 6 to 12 days. The number of frozen embryos was less during pre-incubation irradiation by 0.3 embryos, when irradiated before incubation and on day 6 - by 0.8 embryos, before incubation on days 6 and 12 - by 1.5 embryos and before incubation, by 6, 12 and day 18 - 1.7 embryos.

The incubation waste rate for the number of substandard, weak chickens and cripples relative to the control group (4.6 broilers) was 1.12 times lower in the 2nd group, 1.21 times in the 3rd group, and 1.31 times in the 4th group and in group 5 - 1.48 times.

As a result, the number of embryos rejected for reasons of unfertilized eggs, blood rings, frozen embryos, suffocates and substandard, weak chickens and cripples amounted to 30.0 units in the control group, which is 4 more than the group of eggs treated before incubation - 4 , 9 embryos, before incubation and on day 6 - on 6.5 embryos, before incubation on 6, 12 and 12 days (three times) - on 8.6 embryos and before incubation on 6, 12 and 18 days (four times) - on 10.7 embryos.

The hatchability of hatching eggs was 82.15% in the control group, which is 3.90% lower than the group of single-exposure, twofold - by 4.82%, triple - by 6.34%, and quadruple exposure by the Matrix laser - by 8, 03%, hatchability of conditioned chickens versus control (78.96%) was 3.40 higher, respectively; 4.51; 5.51 and 7.64% at 1-; 2-; 3- and 4-fold with an interval of 6 days of irradiation with the Matrix laser in exposures of 3 min.

Thus, the search for the optimal biostimulating effect of Matrix laser radiation on embryonic development in expositions of 3 minutes each showed that:

- one, two, three and four times exposure to the Matrix laser light on the meat chick embryos before incubation and developing embryos do not inhibit, but rather stimulate the development of the bird during the natal period of ontogenesis;

- in the experimental groups, the incubation waste compared with control eggs in the category of unfertilized eggs was lower by 3.5-3.2 embryos without a significant difference;

- in terms of the quantitative composition of blood rings, triple and quadruple irradiation were more significant when the indicator was 1.42-1.31 times lower;

- indicators of frozen embryos, suffocates and substandard, weak chickens and cripples in the experimental groups differed in dynamic, directly proportional to the multiplicity of irradiation, reduction in incubation waste compared with the control group;

- the number of conditioned chickens compared with the control group was the highest in group 5, where the incubated eggs were irradiated four times: before incubation, by 6; 12 and 18 days of incubation. The differences were 4.31–9.67% in proportion to the multiplicity of radiant effects;

- chickens from the experimental groups, as compared to the control ones, reacted more actively to external stimuli.

Claims (1)

A method for increasing the embryonic viability of a bird, including pre-incubation treatment of chicken eggs with helium-neon laser light, characterized in that the hatching eggs are irradiated with 630 nm Matrix laser light before incubation of the embryos on the 6th, 12th and 18th days of development the dose on the surface of the eggs is 20 mW.

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