RU2463952C2 - Device of mobile communication with possibility of cardiomonitoring - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medical equipment and is intended for creation of personal medical devices for remote monitoring of patient's heart activity in outpatient conditions - cardiomonitors. Device of mobile communication includes, as minimum, three ECG electrodes, inlet-outlet unit, controller, made with possibility of registration, processing and transmission of information, energy-independent memory, keypad, display, loudspeaker and modem. ECG electrodes are connected with inlet of inlet-outlet unit and are integrated into device case. Device also contains generator and two additional electrodes, which are switched to generator outlet and are intergrated into device case. Controller is made with possibility of rheogram signal registration and analysis of information for self-diagnostics of heart disease aggravation.

EFFECT: application of invention will make it possible to increase self-descriptiveness and reliability of diagnostics due to change of ECG electrode configuration and provision of device with function of rheogram measurement.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to measurements for diagnostic purposes in cardiography, and can be used for outpatient monitoring of human cardiac activity, self-diagnosis of exacerbation of heart disease and further data transfer to the cardiotelemetry center for detailed analysis.

Known real-time cardiomonitor [1], consisting of an ECG removal unit containing three electrodes, an amplifier and a filter, a mobile computer, a multi-channel monitor, a keyboard and an alarm, and the computer has software through which, based on continuous selection and analysis of the ST-segment of the ECG recommendations for the patient and signals for the medical staff are being developed. The disadvantage of this device is the structural complexity and the inability to use as a simple wearable means of monitoring human cardiac activity and self-diagnosis of exacerbation of heart disease.

A non-invasive method for diagnosing acute ischemic disease and a multi-channel electrocardiograph [2] are known, which contains an ECG removal unit, including an electrode array, amplifiers, a multiplexer, a programmable amplifier, ADC, microcontroller, a removable memory card, heart rate analyzers and displays of the ST segment, whose operation provided by the appropriate microcontroller program, and the values of the samples of the ST-segment for all channels are continuously displayed on the display screen in a three-dimensional image. The disadvantage of this device is the structural complexity and the inability to use as a simple wearable means of monitoring human cardiac activity and self-diagnosis of exacerbation of heart disease.

A wearable ECG monitoring device [3] is known, comprising a microprocessor unit, a multi-channel ECG removal unit, a multiplexer, an ADC, a removable memory card, a keyboard and an indication and signaling unit, the indication and signaling unit being capable of simultaneously displaying both current and previous delays for a given time the average values of the ECG parameters, and the microprocessor unit software is configured to provide calculation and storage of such values and with the possibility of selective recording and on the removable memory card in accordance with a program set by the keyboard.

The disadvantage of this device is the structural complexity and inconvenience of use due to the need to use a patient cable.

A common drawback of the previously discussed devices is the lack of the ability to transmit information to a cardiomonitoring center.

Known cardiopager [4], recording several ECG leads with further data transfer to the center of cardiotelemetry via the audio channel of any telephone. A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of tools for the operational analysis of information (display, indicators of a dangerous condition, etc.), as well as the low information content of measurements of a limited number of ECG leads.

The closest in technical essence is a mobile communications device with the possibility of cardiac monitoring [5] - a prototype. The essence of the known invention lies in the fact that the standard nodes of a mobile communication device (UMC) perform the functions of known nodes of a cardiomonitor, due to which a simplification of the cardiomonitor circuit and expansion of its functionality are achieved:

- the UMS input-output unit performs the functions of an amplifier of biopotentials and an analog-to-digital converter of a cardiomonitor;

- the UMS modem performs the function of a cardiomonitor communication interface;

- the display and speaker of the UMC perform the function of a display and alarm unit of a cardiomonitor.

The advantages of the known device are as follows:

- ECG electrodes are made in the form of parts of the device’s body made of metal or conductive plastic, which eliminates the need to use the patient’s cable and thereby increases the usability and reduces the level of noise induced on the input circuit of the device;

- the availability of the possibility of transmitting information to the center of cardiotelemetry.

The disadvantages of the known device are as follows:

- the given configuration of the ECG electrodes allows recording only one standard ECG lead - lead I;

- low informativeness about cardiac activity due to the fact that only one lead is measured at a time;

- the absence in the controller program of the information analysis function for the purpose of self-diagnosis of exacerbation of heart disease.

It is known that the simultaneous registration of ECG and rheogram significantly increases the information content of the functioning of the heart and increases the reliability of the diagnosis of heart disease [6].

The objective of the invention is to increase the information content and reliability of the diagnosis of a mobile communication device with the possibility of cardiomonitoring by changing the configuration of the ECG electrodes, supplementing the device functions with a rheogram measurement function and supplementing the device program with a program for analyzing recorded information for self-diagnosis of exacerbation of heart disease.

This object is achieved in that a mobile communication device with cardiomonitoring, including at least three ECG electrodes, an input-output unit, a controller configured to register, process and transmit information, non-volatile memory, keyboard, display, speaker and modem, moreover, the electrodes of the ECG are connected to the input of the input-output unit and integrated into the device housing, according to the claimed technical solution, the device further comprises a generator, two additional electrodes, a controller It executes the chance of signal detection and analysis rheogram for self aggravation of heart disease, wherein the additional electrodes are connected to the generator output and integrated into the housing.

Two ECG electrodes can be placed on the side walls, and a third ECG electrode can be placed on the lower and / or upper wall of the device.

The invention is illustrated by the functional diagram of the device shown in figure 1.

The device contains: ECG electrodes El.1, El.2, El.3, additional electrodes El.4 and El.5, generator 1, input-output unit 2, controller 3, non-volatile memory 4, keyboard 5, display 6, speaker 7, modem 8, case 9.

The non-volatile memory 4 stores the program of functioning of the device 10, including a program for recording, processing, transmitting ECG signals and rheograms, as well as a program for analyzing information for self-diagnosis of exacerbation of heart disease. The functioning program of the device 10 is created in a programming language corresponding to the type of UMC (for example, for cell phones this may be the JAVA language [7]).

The ECG recording channel is formed by electrodes El. 1, El. 2, El. 3, connected to the input of the input-output unit 2, the output of which is connected to the controller 3. The ECG signal is allocated from a wide range of pickups, which include the signal from generator 1, using the ECG signal registration program performed by the controller 3.

The rheogram recording channel is made according to the tetrapolar scheme and includes a generator 1 connected to additional electrodes El.4 and El.5, ECG electrodes El.1 and El.3 connected to the input of input-output block 2, the output of which is connected to controller 3. The output frequency of the generator 1 changes when the voltage at the output of the input-output unit 2 changes under the control of the controller 3 and is set depending on the patient’s constitution and the depth of the investigated human organ. The selection of the low-frequency envelope of the high-frequency signal, carrying information about the change in blood flow - the rheogram signal, occurs using the rheogram signal registration program performed by the controller 3.

Non-volatile memory 4, in addition to storing the program of functioning of the device 10, serves to store the measurement results. Display 6 is used to display the recorded information in graphical form, as well as to display service information (current lead number, etc.), including information analysis parameters (signal of a dangerous state, heart rate, etc.). The speaker 7 is used to soundly alert a person with a sound about a health hazard. Modem 8 is used to transmit measured and accumulated information to the center of cardiotelemetry.

As conditionally shown in black in figure 1, a pair of electrodes El.1, El.4 can be placed in parallel on one of the side walls, an ECG electrode El.2 on the other side wall, a pair of El.3, El.5 - in parallel on lower (or upper) wall of the housing 9.

The device operates as follows.

Before starting the measurement, by choosing from the menu using the keyboard 5, the functioning program 10 is started. The process of recording and analyzing the ECG and rheogram is displayed on display 6.

To measure the I standard ECG lead (LR) and rheogram of the chest, a person takes the device in his right hand so that (Fig.2) so that his palm and fingers tightly cover the electrodes El.1, El.2, El.4 (side walls of the case 9), and touches the electrodes El.3, El.5 (bottom wall of the housing 9) to the point of the standard lead L [8, C.16] - for example, to the palm of the left hand.

To measure the II standard ECG lead (FR) and the corresponding rheogram, a person also takes the device in his right hand similar to lead I and touches the standard lead F with electrodes El.3, El.5 to the point of standard lead F [8, C.16] - for example, to the left ankle legs.

To measure the III standard ECG lead (F - L) and the corresponding rheogram, a person takes the device in his left hand so that his palm and fingers tightly enclose the electrodes El. 1, El. 2, El. 4, and touches the electrodes El. 3, El. 5 to the point of the standard lead F [8, C.16] - for example, to the ankle of the left leg.

Electrode El. 2 in all cases considered serves as a zero (N) electrode.

In addition to the standard bipolar leads I, II, III, standard bipolar leads CR1 - CR6 can be measured [8, C.19]. For this, a person takes the device into his right hand similarly to lead I and touches the electrodes El.3, El.5 alternately to the points of standard chest leads C1-C6. Similarly, you can measure any other non-standard leads and conduct cardiac topography.

The biopotential that arises on the ECG electrodes El. 1 and El. 3 during the measurement is fed to the input-output unit 2, where it is converted to digital form and processed by the controller 3 according to the program of functioning 10.

The high-frequency signal generated by the generator 1 is fed to additional electrodes El.4 and El.5, while a voltage drop modulated by fluctuations in the conductivity of the blood is created on the ECG electrodes El.1 and El.2 - a rheogram signal. This signal is fed to the input-output unit 2, where it is converted to digital form and processed by the controller 3 according to the program of functioning 10.

During the measurement, controller 3 performs the extraction of ECG signals and rheograms, writes data to non-volatile memory 4, displays the ECG and rheograms in graphical form on display 6, and also analyzes information for diagnosing conditions dangerous to human health (exacerbation of heart disease, arrhythmia and etc.). Upon detection of such a condition, a person is notified of this by a sound signal using the speaker 7 and the indication on the display 6.

The recorded data is a file stored in non-volatile memory 4. In the future, a person can transfer this file using modem 8 in a known manner for transmitting data corresponding to the type of mobile communication device (for example, via GSM-fax, GPRS, EDGE, CDMA, TETRA and etc.) to the cardiotelemetry center for detailed analysis.

The industrial feasibility of the invention is justified by the fact that it uses the well-known standard nodes of a mobile communication device for its intended purpose.

The positive effect in the present invention is based on a combination of constructive, circuitry, and software solutions that allow a mobile communication device to register ECG and rheograms in standard ECG leads, operational analysis of information for self-diagnosis of exacerbation of heart disease, and data transfer to a cardiotelemetry center.

Information sources

1. M.W. Soh et al. Cardiac signal real time monitor and method of analysis. / Patent US 4,679,144, IPC G06F 15/42, G06G 7/60, A61B 5/04, publ. 07.07. 1987.

2. G. J. Dempsey et al. Non-invasive multi-electrocardiografic apparatus and method of assessing acute ischaemic damage. / Patent US 5,419,337, IPC A61B 5/0452, publ. 05/30/1995.

3. Volobuev P.Yu. Wearable ECG monitoring device. / Patent RU 2266041 C2, IPC А61В 5/0452, АВВ 5/0404, publ. 12/20/2005.

4. Portable electrocardiograph "Cardiojet". http://telmed.ru/ index.php? id = 2.

5. Gal Markel. Mobile communication device and other devices with cardiovascular monitoring capability. / Application US 2007/0021677 A1, IPC A61B 5/04, publ. 01/25/2007.

6. Shershnev V.G. et al. Clinical rheography. / Ed. V.G.Shershneva. - Kiev, Health, 1977. - P.3-7.

7. We write software for the phone, http://www.mobilab.ru/articles/88/.

8. Starshov A.M., Smirnov I.V. ECG for professionals. Methods and techniques of electrocardiographic research. - M .: The cognitive book plus, 2002. - p. 96.

Claims (3)

1. A mobile communication device with cardiomonitoring capability, including at least three ECG electrodes, an input-output unit, a controller configured to register, process and transmit information, non-volatile memory, a keyboard, a display, a speaker and a modem, the ECG electrodes being connected with the input of the input-output unit and integrated into the device, characterized in that the device further comprises a generator, two additional electrodes, the controller is configured to register a rheogram signal and analyze for information for self-diagnosis of exacerbation of heart disease, with additional electrodes connected to the output of the generator and integrated into the device. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that two ECG electrodes are placed on the side walls, and a third ECG electrode is placed on the lower and / or upper wall of the device. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional electrodes are placed on the walls of the device housing next to the electrodes of the ECG.

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