RU2440548C1 - Shell-forming charge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: charge includes body, explosive charge with end initiation system, liner arranged on opposite end of the charge and made from material with dynamic yield stress not increasing during plastic deformation, and additional lining installed between the charge and the main lining, which is made from material with lower density. Additional lining is made from material with dynamic yield stress which is higher than that of the liner material and with thickness which is less than that of liner. During operation of weapon after detonation of the charge the simultaneous deformation of liner and additional lining takes place and two separate damage elements are formed; at that, element with tail skirt is formed from the liner, which improves its aerodynamic stability during the flight.

EFFECT: increasing efficiency of cumulative effect of the shell.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 3 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to defense technology and can be used in various cumulative ammunition (KBP), designed to hit targets with high-speed striking elements (PE).

State of the art

There are many KBP designs that form high-speed PE during an explosion. The main elements of these structures are the body, explosive charge (BB), cumulative lining (KO) and the fuse. One of the main problems that have to be solved when developing a new design of KBP is the problem of increasing the stability of the flight of formed PE to the target. To solve this problem, various constructive approaches are used, among which the main ones can be called:

1) the displacement of the center of mass in the direction of the head of the PE,

2) the formation of PE in the tail of the stabilizing elements (skirts), which is especially important for elongated PE.

It is clear that PE will have the greatest stability in flight, in which both of these approaches are implemented. From this point of view, we analyze some close technical solutions.

A technical solution is known (patent RU 2262059 dated 05/12/2003, F42B 1/02), adopted as an analogue, for a KBP containing an explosive charge placed in the housing, its initiation system and a blast accelerated by an explosive blast made of bimetallic materials of different densities, the layer of material with a higher density is located in front of the layer of material adjacent to the explosive with a lower density. The geometric dimensions, the material of the liner layers and the location of the points of the initiation system are selected from the condition of ensuring implantation of an explosive material with a higher density into the head of the formed damaging element and the possibility of controlling the formation of the damaging element due to the asymmetry of the detonation wave output to the liner surface. Thus, in the present invention solves the problem of expanding the range of forms of the obtained PE.

Common features with the proposed KBP are the presence of a destructible body, explosive charge with an initiation system, and a liner made of bimetallic materials of different densities, while a layer of material with a higher density is located in front of a layer of material with a lower density adjacent to the explosive.

It is noted as an advantage of the proposed technical solution that the implementation of the liner is bimetallic, with dimensions and materials chosen in accordance with the specified condition, allows its entire mass to be converted into PE, since a material with a higher specific gravity, deposited on a material with a lower specific gravity, interacts with him (turbulently mixing along the dividing line), forming a solid bimetallic element. In fact, explosion welding takes place, and thereby all kinetic energy taken away from the explosive charge is transferred entirely by the PE. The introduction of material with a higher specific density in the head is a stabilizing factor that improves the aerodynamic characteristics of PE. However, no measures are taken to form the tail skirt, which does not guarantee the complete aerodynamic stability of the PE in flight.

In another technical solution (patent US 6250229 from 01.26.2001, F42B 12/10), adopted for the prototype, proposed KBP containing a housing with a central axis, explosive charge, initiation system, a liner located at one end of the housing, driven by explosion explosive charge made of a material in which plastic stresses during deformation remain constant or decrease as a function of deformation, and a plate placed between the explosive and the liner, the material of which has a density less than or equal to the liner material, the volume compression module is greater than or equal to 100 GPa, the thickness in the Central region, greater than or equal to the thickness of the liner in the Central region, to ensure the explosion of the diameter of the Central region greater than or equal to 75% of the diameter of the liner. The liner is selected from the group of metals consisting of tantalum, molybdenum, nickel or copper, and aluminum or magnesium is selected for the plate.

Common features with the proposed KBP are the presence of a housing, explosive charge with an end initiation system, a liner placed on the opposite end of the charge made of a material with a dynamic yield strength that does not increase during plastic deformation, and a plate installed between the charge and the liner made of material with a lower density.

The implementation of this technical solution leads to a further increase in the aerodynamic stability of PE in flight, since a tail skirt is formed, however, under the indicated conditions, not always or to an insufficient degree. At the same time, we note that welding by explosion of the liner and the plate is not observed, and in flight the PE formed from them diverge.

Disclosure of invention

The object of the present invention is to increase the aerodynamic stability of the formed PE in flight.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the projectile-forming charge containing the housing, an explosive charge with an initiation end system, a liner placed on the opposite end of the charge, made of a material with a dynamic yield strength that does not increase during plastic deformation, and additional lining (plate in the prototype ), installed between the charge and the liner, made of a material with a lower density, while the additional lining is made of a material with a dynamic yield strength greater than the liner material, and less thickness than the liner.

In particular, the liner can be made of tantalum, and the additional cladding is made of steel with a thickness of 0.2 ... 0.5 of the liner thickness, the dynamic yield strength of the cladding material is more than 1 GPa.

List of drawings

Figure 1 is a section of the KBP.

Figure 2 - the dynamics of the formation of a single tantalum PE.

Figure 3 - the dynamics of the formation of tantalum and steel PE from the liner and additional cladding.

The implementation of the invention

In the drawings, the numbers indicate:

1 - KBP case;

2 - explosive charge;

3 - initiation system;

4 - additional facing;

5 - liner.

The implementation of the KBP according to the proposed technical solution (figure 1) allows to increase the aerodynamic stability of the formed PE both due to the displacement of the center of mass in the direction of the head part, and by the formation of the tail skirt.

Our studies show that the main characteristic of the material that counteracts the radial compression of the liner is not the bulk compression modulus (which is highlighted in the prototype), but the dynamic yield strength σ _T.

As is known, tantalum has twice as much density and almost the same yield strength compared to steel (see table). Therefore, physically, in the process of deformation of a single tantalum cladding (Fig. 2), its strength, characterized by the yield strength, cannot compensate for the increased inertial loads, as a result of which the inertial compression of the tail without the formation of a skirt (i.e., the diameter of the tail is less than or equal to the diameter head part).

Physico-mechanical characteristics of cladding materials Cladding material Designation Steel Tantalum Density, g / cm ³ P 7.8 ... 7.89 16.4 ... 16.6 Volume compression module, GPa K 141 ... 175 211 Shear modulus, GPa G 76.8 ... 82.7 70 Yield Strength, GPa σ _T 0.5 ... 1.5 0.8 ... 1.0 Outstanding strength, GPa σ _P 1.5 ... 2.7 4.2 ... 4.6

Therefore, if behind the liner (cladding with high density) place an additional cladding with a lower density and high strength, characterized by a yield strength greater than that of the liner material (in particular, more than 1 GPa - the yield point of tantalum according to the table), then the inertial loads will increase insignificantly, and the total strength in the tail will increase. Due to this, the radial movements of the tail of the liner will also decrease, which ultimately will lead to the formation of a skirt.

Figure 3 presents the dynamic process of forming tantalum (thickness 2 mm) and steel (thickness 1 mm) PE from the liner and additional cladding. As you can see, the thin steel lining prevents strong radial deformations of the tail of the tantalum liner, as a result of which a skirt is formed in the tail of the liner, which plays the role of an aerodynamic stabilizer. In this case, welding of elements is not observed and they diverge in flight (time instant 350 μs). It is clear that the thinner (up to a certain limit) the additional cladding (less mass) will be, the less kinetic energy it will carry away. According to the research, the optimal thickness of the additional lining is 0.2 ... 0.5 of the liner thickness.

The proposed KBP works as follows.

On command from the fuse 3, a charge of explosive 2, located in the housing 1, is initiated. The detonation wave propagates along the charge 2, interacts with the housing 1 and enters the inner surface of the additional lining 4 in its central part. The process of reflection of the detonation wave from the lining 4 begins, and the reflection point shifts in time along the inner surface 4 from the axis of symmetry of the BP to the periphery. The joint movement and deformation of the cladding 4 and liner 5 begins along the axis of symmetry with their bending in the opposite direction, as a result of which the liner is located on the outside of the additional cladding. In the tail section of the liner, additional lining inhibits strong radial deformations of the liner, forming a skirt. Due to the speed difference, the liner and the additional lining begin to diverge, resulting in two separate PEs.

Claims (2)

1. Shell-forming charge containing a housing, an explosive charge with an end initiation system, a liner placed on the opposite end of the charge, made of a material with a dynamic yield strength that does not increase during plastic deformation, and an additional lining installed between the charge and the liner, made from a material with a lower density, characterized in that the additional cladding is made of a material with a dynamic yield strength greater than that of the liner material, and necks thickness than the liner. 2. Shell projectile charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the liner is made of tantalum, and the additional lining is made of steel with a thickness of 0.2 ... 0.5 of the liner thickness, while the dynamic yield stress of the cladding material is more than 1 GPa.

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