RU2414816C2 - Device to grow young valuable fish species and capture of animal plankton - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fish breeding and may be used in small and large water reservoirs with various depths to grow young valuable fish species using live food available in water depth. Device to grow valuable fish species larvae and to capture live food comprises fish well in the form of frame covered with fine mesh cloth, facility to locate fish well in water reservoir in floating position. The novelty is the fact that to supply food organisms of animal plankton and small forms of zoobenthos available in water depth, device comprises two cone elements, every of which by 1/4 is made of dense material, and by 3/4 - from close-meshed net, and upper ring of element is closed with close-meshed webbing, every of cone elements is connected to corrugate hose, the other end of which is inserted in fish well to form a check valve; besides, device comprises mechanism for lifting and lowering of cone elements made of stands that support beam, where blocks are fixed, through which a cord is pulled, with one end it is fixed to cone element, for possibility to put it in motion in vertical direction, and with othe end - to brace, at the same time water with food organisms arrives along corrugate hoses due to difference in water horizons in cone element and level of water in water reservoir or fish well, at the same time check valve is arranged so that it is able to prevent organism exit from fish well.

EFFECT: invention provides for operation of device in any weather at various depths and with various intensity.

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Description

The invention relates to fish farming and can be used for growing juveniles of valuable species on live food in small and large reservoirs with different depths.

Famous fry cages made of nylon sieve No. 7, 12, 16, mounted on a wooden frame, used to grow larvae of valuable fish species up to 1-1.5 months of age. At night, 150-200 W lamps are lit above the fry cages, attracting feed organisms to the light.

Plankton traps are also known, where the side walls and bottom of the cage are made of strong 0.6 cm thick esterin plates, which are mounted on a wooden base.

The front and rear walls of the charge are tightened with a metal mesh. The mesh of the mesh depends on the size of the reared juveniles. When working with whitefish, a mesh of 0.8 mm is used. At the rear wall of the cage are thinner planktonic filters made of 0.5 mm copper mesh (Mikheev P.V., Meisner E.V., Mikheev V.P., 1970; Ivleva, 1970).

The disadvantage of these cages is the selective entry of zooplankton crustaceans into the cage.

In the first cage with a small-mesh net No. 7, 12, 16, only small organisms can penetrate into the light, and attracting insects to the light, which will not always be accessible (in size) for small larvae. In addition, not every reservoir has the ability to conduct electrical wiring.

In the second cage, the composition of zooplankton does not correspond to the composition of zooplankton in the river, since organisms that are smaller than the mesh (0.8 mm) penetrate into the cage. Filters having a mesh of 0.5 mm also passed zooplankton organisms with sizes below 0.5 mm that exited the cage. Thus, the drawback of the cage is that it accumulates zooplankton in the range of 0.8-0.5 mm. Larger ones do not fall into the cage, smaller ones leave the cage.

Closest to the proposed invention is a "Device for growing larvae of valuable species of fish and capture zooplankton" (prototype patent No. 1797456, 10.12.90), including a cage in the form of a frame, on the end walls of which is fixed mesh material, a means for placing the cage in a reservoir in a floating position and communicated with the cage with a sleeve of mesh material, it is characterized in that the supply of zooplankton to the cage can be carried out at different times of the day with the required duration and in any weather. The feed rate of live food, mainly does not depend on weather conditions, and is provided by the rhythmic operation of the device.

To solve the problem of effective growing of larvae on the natural forage base of reservoirs under any weather conditions at different times of the day, a new device is proposed (see drawing), consisting of a floating platform 1, a cage made of small-mesh gas-sieve mesh No. 8 (2) for keeping and growing juveniles. The cage 2 is fixed to the upper rails around the perimeter to the floating platform 1. Floating platform 1 can be moved and fixed.

One of the main elements of the device is tapered element 3 which is arranged so that _^3/4 melkoyacheynoy part made from gas-mesh sieve №55, and ^{a _1/4} - a dense synthetic material. The upper ring of the cone element 3 is closed with a mesh of 4-5 mm 6, which prevents the entry of higher aquatic vegetation, fish and other objects into the cone element 3. The conical element 3 is connected to the corrugated hose 4, the other side is inserted into the cage 2 and ends with a check valve 5.

The mechanism for raising and lowering the cone elements 3 consists of racks 8, holding the beam 7, blocks 9 and the cable 10, which is attached at one end to the cone element and the other to the rotor 11.

The device operates as follows. It is installed in the reservoir so that when the floating platform 1 moves in either direction, the depth of the reservoir is greater than the depth of the charge 2 and the immersion depth of the cone element 3. When one cone element 3 is immersed in water, the second rises above the level of the reservoir to a height equal to or above the cone element sheathed with dense synthetic material. With the rapid rise of the cone element 3, the water passing through a mesh of 4-5 mm and the walls of the cone element, consisting of a small-mesh mesh of gas sieve No. 55, are delayed in its lower part, creating pressure in the corrugated hose 4 due to the different water horizon in conical element 3 and the water level in the pond. Water along with zooplankton through a hose 4 enters the cage 2, first opens the check valve 5. After leveling the water level, the valve 5 closes and the cone element 3 is lowered into the water, the second cone element 3 rises, and everything repeats in a similar way. Alternately raising the cone elements 3 up and lowering down is done using the rotor 11 and cables 10, passing through the blocks 9, mounted on the beam 7, which is held on racks 8.

To grow juvenile whitefish, in particular larvae of Baikal omul weighing 7-10 mg, a cage with a small-mesh grid of gas sieve No. 8 is intended. In the cage, the larvae grow within 25-30 days to a mass of 120-140 mg. Then, the growth of larvae to a mass of 5-8 g is carried out in a combined cage: in the center there is a cage with a fine-mesh grid of gas sieve No. 8, and cages with a mesh of 4 mm are placed on both sides. Thus, the manufactured three cages are divided by partitions. When the larvae reach a mass of 120-140 mg, the septa are removed and juveniles are distributed over all cages.

The advantage of the invention is more mobile in movement, which is important when developing new areas of the reservoir.

The effectiveness of the device increases by increasing the inlet ring, as well as filtering the water from the depths of the reservoir to 3-5 m or more when identifying the feasibility of this event.

The most important advantage of this device is that it can work at different times of the day in any weather.

Literature

Mikheev P.V., Meisner E.V., Mikheev V.P. "Zadkovoy fish farm on the reservoirs." - M., Ed. "Food Industry", 1970, p. 58-59.

Ivleva I.B. “A new type of plankton trap for fish farming. Exchange of advanced technical experience. ” VNIRO, - M., 1959.

Dzyumenko N.F. Patent No. 1797456, 1990.

Claims (1)

A device for growing larvae of valuable species of fish and catching zooplankton, including a cage in the form of a frame covered with a fine mesh cloth, means for placing the cage in a pond in a floating position, characterized in that for feeding fodder organisms of zooplankton and small forms of zoobenthos living in the water column , the device contains two conical elements, each 1/4 of which is made of dense material and 3/4 of fine mesh, and the upper ring of the element is closed by fine mesh, each of the conical elements is connected nen with corrugated hose, whose other end is inserted into the cage to form a check valve; in addition, the device comprises a mechanism for raising and lowering the cone elements, consisting of racks supporting the beam, on which the blocks are fixed, through which the cable is passed, fixed at one end to the cone element, so that it can be moved in the vertical direction, and the other end with a collar, while the flow of water with feed organisms occurs through corrugated hoses due to the difference in the water horizons in the conical element and the water level in the pond or cage, while the check valve is made with POSSIBILITY body's output ceiling of the cage.

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