RU2338670C1 - Method for coiling high-pressure cylinder load-bearing enclosure from polymer composite materials and device to this effect - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: method for coiling high-pressure cylinder load-bearing enclosure from polymer materials consists in laying isolating enclosure on sealing liner made up of a cylindrical part and spherical bottoms and coiling thereon a multilayer load-bearing enclosure from a high-strength high-modulus material. The proposed method differs in that the insulating material with preset friction properties is used and is laid in overlapping tapes, the magnitude of overlapping makes half a tape width. The high-pressure cylinder comprises a sealing liner, a sealing enclosure and a multilayer load-bearing enclosure, the said liner being composed of the cylindrical part and spherical bottoms.

EFFECT: higher quality and reliability under high destructive loads.

6 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to the production of composite high-pressure cylinders, used mainly for storage and transportation of compressed and liquefied gases.

The most promising are high-pressure cylinders containing an inner sealing layer (liner) and an outer one - a power one, made by winding a tape formed from threads or bundles of high-modulus high-strength material, impregnated with a polymer binder, followed by heat treatment according to a certain mode.

These cylinders are subject to safety requirements when breaking from exposure from the inside (explosion protection). The main such requirement is the absence of expansion of the fragments of the liner during the explosion of the cylinder from excess pressure exceeding the maximum allowable that can occur from a fire in the event of a failure of the safety valve, unauthorized mechanical impact, lumbar shell, etc. This requirement is especially relevant for cylinders with a metal liner. The fulfillment of this requirement is ensured by the condition that the fragments of the liner do not penetrate the power shell of the cylinder by creating a trap for the fragments of partially destroyed materials of this power shell.

Known shell operating under internal pressure, and the method of obtaining it according to the application RU No. 99126514 from 12/14/1999, IPC V65N 54/00.

Known high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials and the method of winding a multilayer power shell according to patent RU No. 2054358 from 10.29.1991, IPC VC 53/56.

Known high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials containing a liner and a power shell, and a method for winding a multilayer power shell according to French patent No. 2088342 from 04/30/71, IPC B29C 27/00.

Known high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials containing a liner and a power shell, and a method for winding a multilayer power shell according to patent RU No. 2144644 of 05/14/1998, IPC F17C 1/00.

Known high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials containing a liner and a power shell, and a method of winding a multilayer power shell according to patent RU No. 2094696 from 04.01.1995, IPC F17C 1/00.

Known high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials containing a liner and a power shell, according to the application RU No. 94016988 from 04.29.1994, IPC F17C 1/00.

Known high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials containing a liner and a power shell, and a method for winding a multilayer power shell according to US patent No. 3258379 from 06/26/61, NKI 156-175, MKI B29D.

A known method of winding a multilayer power shell of a high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials and a high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials, designed to localize the explosion products, according to patent RU No. 2009387 from 08/11/1992, IPC ⁷ F17C 1/00.

Also known is a method of winding the power shell of a high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials and a high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials according to the patent of England No. 1134033 dated 06.06.66, IPC ⁷ B65H 81/02.

When implementing the known method, an insulating liner consisting of a cylindrical part and sphere-shaped bottoms is laid insulating and a multilayer power shell is wound with spiral and ring coils of high-strength high-modulus material, for example, glass bundle or aramid strand.

The known high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials contains a sealing liner made of a cylindrical part and spherical bottoms, an insulating shell and a multilayer power shell, wound with spiral and ring coils of high-strength high-modulus material, for example a glass cable or aramid yarn tow.

The disadvantage of this method is the low manufacturability of the manufacture of an explosion-proof cylinder, as well as the low quality of the design, allowing penetration of the power shell by fragments of the liner when they are dynamically exposed to the shell due to the delay of shell deformations from friction and, as a result, the work of too small an array of shell material that resists penetration .

A disadvantage of the known design is the low reliability of its operation in the conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excess pressure exceeding the maximum allowable, due to penetration of the power shell by fragments of the liner.

The known method and known design, as the closest in technical essence and the achieved result, are selected as a prototype.

The technical problem to which the claimed inventions are directed is the development and creation of high-tech high-quality high-pressure cylinders with increased reliability under conditions of cylinder destruction by excessive pressure exceeding the maximum permissible.

The technical result for the method that can be achieved by solving the problem is to increase the manufacturability of the manufacture of explosion-proof cylinders and their quality by increasing the reliability in the conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excess pressure exceeding the maximum permissible. Improving the reliability of this work consists in creating the conditions for non-penetration of the power shell by fragments of a metal liner under the conditions of their dynamic impact on the material of the power shell due to the timely occurrence of a trap for fragments of this material when optimizing the strain rate of the latter.

The technical result for the device, which can be achieved by solving the problem, is to increase the reliability of its operation in the conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excessive pressure exceeding the maximum permissible.

The problem with the achievement of the technical result for the method is solved by the fact that an insulating liner consisting of a cylindrical part and sphere-shaped bottoms is laid insulating and wound a multilayer power shell with spiral and ring coils of high-strength high-modulus material, for example a fiberglass or aramid filament, in accordance with the invention, an insulating material with predetermined frictional properties, for example fluoroplastic sludge, is used for laying the insulating shell and a plastic film, winding the latter mainly on the cylindrical part. The insulating material is laid in at least two layers. The layers of insulating material are made out of tape wound with an overlap exceeding half the width of the tape by an amount guaranteeing the presence of at least two layers during winding with technological errors, as well as during operation. The overlap excess is determined by the formula

Δ = 0.5κε ^* in,

where Δ is the excess of half the width of the tape during winding, mm;

κ = 1.05-1.5 - experimental coefficient taking into account the error in laying the tape when winding;

ε ^* is the relative elongation of the liner material at break;

in - tape width, mm.

The insulating material is placed between the layers of the power sheath, while the layers of the power sheath located under the insulating sheath are wound with spiral coils, and the remaining layers are wound with spiral and circular coils with the impregnation of their threads with a synthetic binder.

Distinctive features for the method are the following:

- for laying an insulating shell, an insulating material with predetermined frictional properties is used, for example, a fluoroplastic or polyethylene film, winding the latter mainly on the cylindrical part - an essential sign, involves new operations, aims to solve the problem with achieving a technical result, to improve the quality of cylinder manufacture and increasing the reliability of its operation in the conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excess pressure exceeding the maximum permissible at which fragments of the liner are trapped by a trap of partially destroyed material of the power shell, which has time to form and not collapse due to the optimization of the strain rate of this material with a given friction force;

- the insulating material is laid in at least two layers - an essential sign, provides for a new operation, is aimed at solving the problem with achieving a technical result, improving the quality of manufacture of cylinders and improving the reliability of its operation in the conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excess pressure exceeding the maximum allowable, reinforces the previous feature by increasing the stability of the friction forces or their maximum reduction during interaction, for example, fluoroplastic on fluoroplastic;

- layers of insulating material are drawn up with a tape wound with an overlap exceeding half the width of the tape by an amount that guarantees the presence of at least two layers when winding with technological errors, as well as during operation - a significant sign, provides for new operations and a new sequence of their implementation, is aimed at the solution of the problem with the achievement of a technical result, to improve the manufacturability and quality of manufacture of cylinders due to the possibility of mechanization and improve the accuracy the operation of the tape winding;

- excess overlap is determined by the formula

Δ = 0.5κε ^* in,

where Δ is the excess of half the width of the tape during winding, mm;

κ = 1.05-1.5 - experimental coefficient taking into account the error in laying the tape when winding;

ε ^* is the relative elongation of the liner material at break;

in - tape width, mm

- the sign is significant, provides for a new operation, aims to solve the problem with achieving a technical result, to improve the quality of manufacture of cylinders and increase the reliability of its operation in the conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excess pressure exceeding the maximum allowable, strengthens the previous signs by increasing the stability of the friction forces, as well as their guaranteed maximum reduction during interaction, for example, fluoroplastic on fluoroplastic throughout the entire process of deformation m the material of the liner, up to its destruction in a given weakened section, taking into account the technological errors of the tape winding;

- the insulating material is placed between the layers of the power sheath, while the layers of the power sheath located under the insulating material are wound with spiral coils, and the remaining layers are wound with spiral and ring coils with synthetic binder impregnating their threads - this is a significant sign, it requires new operations, their new sequence and their new implementation, aimed at solving the problem with the achievement of a technical result, to improve the quality of manufacture of the cylinder and increase reliability and its operation under conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excess pressure exceeding the maximum permissible due to the creation of an additional trap for fragments of the liner from the impregnated “dry” filaments of the first layer, since the “dry” filaments are easily and freely deformed in any direction, and also resist rupture of their entire length, that is, the base of deformation from the effects of fragments for the "dry" material significantly exceeds the last for the impregnated, and this, in turn, provides a significantly greater loss of energy fragments, up to and x stops already in the first layer, which is confirmed experimentally.

The problem with the achievement of the technical result for the device is solved in that the high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials contains a sealing liner made of a cylindrical part and sphere-shaped bottoms, an insulating sheath and a multilayer power sheath, wound with spiral and ring turns of high-strength high-modulus material, for example glass fiber or a rope of aramid filaments, wherein, in accordance with the invention, the insulating sheath is made of a laid preference ety on the cylindrical part of the insulating material with a predetermined friction properties, for example, of teflon or polyethylene film. The insulating material is laid in at least two layers. The layers of insulating material are decorated with a tape wound with an overlap exceeding half the width of the tape by an amount guaranteeing the presence of at least two layers during winding with technological errors, as well as during operation. Overlap is determined by the formula

Δ = 0.5κε ^* in,

where Δ is the excess of half the width of the tape during winding, mm;

κ = 1.05-1.5 - experimental coefficient taking into account the error in laying the tape when winding;

ε ^* is the relative elongation of the liner material at break;

in - tape width, mm.

The insulating material is laid between the layers of the power casing, while the layers of the power casing located under the insulating layer are made of spiral coils, and the remaining layers are made of circular and spiral coils with the impregnation of their threads with a synthetic binder.

Distinctive features for the device are the following:

- the insulating shell is made of insulating material laid mainly on the cylindrical part with predetermined frictional properties, for example, from a fluoroplastic or polyethylene film - an essential sign, provides for a new arrangement of the element (mainly on the cylindrical part), a new version (with predetermined frictional properties), the use of a new material (PTFE or polyethylene film), is aimed at solving the problem with the achievement of a technical result, to increase over working conditions under conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excess pressure exceeding the maximum permissible, at which fragments of the liner are trapped by a trap of partially destroyed material of the power shell, which has time to form and not collapse due to optimization of the strain rate of this material with a given friction force;

- the insulating material is laid in at least two layers - the sign is significant, provides for a new number of elements, is aimed at solving the problem with achieving a technical result, to increase the reliability of the operation in the conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excess pressure exceeding the maximum allowable, strengthens the previous signs by increasing the stability of the friction forces or their maximum reduction during interaction, for example, fluoroplastic in fluoroplastic;

- layers of insulating material are decorated with a tape wound with an overlap exceeding half the width of the tape by an amount that guarantees the presence of at least two layers during winding with technological errors, as well as during operation - a significant sign, it requires a new element, a new relative position of the elements, a new ratio their size and their new function, aimed at solving the problem with the achievement of a technical result, to increase the reliability of the work by improving manufacturability and more Qualitative of the previous feature;

- excess overlap is determined by the formula

Δ = 0.5κε ^* in,

where Δ is the excess of half the width of the tape during winding, mm;

κ = 1.05-1.5 - experimental coefficient taking into account the error in laying the tape when winding;

ε ^* is the relative elongation of the liner material at break;

in - tape width, mm

- the sign is significant, provides a new ratio of the sizes of the elements, is aimed at solving the problem with the achievement of a technical result, to increase the reliability in the conditions of destruction of the cylinder by excess pressure exceeding the maximum allowable, strengthens the previous signs by increasing the stability of the friction forces, as well as their guaranteed maximum decrease during interaction, for example, fluoroplastic on fluoroplastic throughout the entire process of deformation of the liner material, up to its breakdown sheniya at predetermined weakened section with account of technological error tape winding;

- the insulating material is laid between the layers of the power shell, while the layers of the power shell located under the insulating material are made of spiral coils, and the remaining layers are made of spiral and ring coils with an impregnation of their threads with a synthetic binder - an essential sign, provides for a new relative arrangement of elements and their new implementation is aimed at solving the problem with the achievement of a technical result, to increase the reliability of the cylinder in the conditions of its destruction by excess pressure, exceeding the maximum permissible due to the creation of an additional trap for fragments of the liner from the non-impregnated “dry” filaments of the first layer, since the “dry” filaments are easily and freely deformed in any direction, and also resist tearing with their entire length, that is, the deformation base from the effects of fragments for “Dry” material significantly exceeds the last for impregnated, and this, in turn, provides a significantly greater loss of energy of fragments, up to their stop already in the first layer, which is confirmed experimentally.

These distinguishing features are significant, since each individually and all together are aimed at solving the problem with the achievement of technical results. The use of a single set of essential distinguishing features in the known solutions was not found, which characterizes the conformity of the technical solution to the criterion of "novelty."

A single set of new essential features with common known provides a solution to the problem with the achievement of technical results and characterizes the proposed technical solutions by significant differences compared with the prior art and analogues. These technical solutions are the result of research and experimental work to improve the manufacturability and reliability of explosion-proof high-pressure cylinders made of polymer composites without the use of well-known design solutions, recommendations, materials and have non-obviousness, which indicates their compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a General view of the cylinder, Fig.2 is a longitudinal section of the cylinder, Fig.3 is a longitudinal section along the insulating layer, Fig.4 is a General view of the cylinder with destruction, Fig.5 - a longitudinal section of a cylinder with destruction, in Fig.6 - zone of operation of the insulating layer.

The method of winding the power shell of a high-pressure cylinder 1 from polymer composite materials, in which an insulating liner 2, consisting of a cylindrical part 3 and sphere-shaped bottoms 4, is laid insulating and a multilayer power sheath 5 is wound with spiral 6 and ring 7 turns of high-strength high-modulus material, for example glass fiber or a rope of aramid filaments, while for laying the insulating shell using an insulating material 8 with predetermined frictional properties, for example fluoroplastic Whether polyethylene film, preferably at last reeling cylinder portion 3. The insulating material 8 is laid in at least two layers. These layers of insulating material are made out of tape 9, wound with an overlap 10, exceeding half the width 11 of tape 9 by an amount that guarantees the presence of at least two layers during winding with technological errors, as well as during operation. The excess of 12 overlap 10 of the tape 9 is determined by the formula

Δ = 0.5κε ^* in,

where Δ is the excess of half the width 11 of the tape 9 during winding, mm;

κ = 1.05 - 1.5 - experimental coefficient, taking into account the error of laying tape 9 during winding;

ε ^* is the relative elongation of the liner 2 material at break;

c - width 11 of the tape 9, mm.

The insulating material 8 is placed between the layers of the power sheath 5, while the layers of the power sheath 13 located under the insulating material 8 are wound with spiral coils, and the remaining layers are wound with spiral 6 and ring 7 turns with impregnation of their filaments with a synthetic binder.

The high-pressure cylinder 1 made of polymer composite materials contains a sealing liner 2 made of a cylindrical part 3 and sphere-shaped bottoms 4, an insulating sheath and a multilayer power sheath 5, wound with spiral 6 and ring 7 turns of high-strength high-modulus material, for example, fiberglass or aramid filament while the insulating shell is made of laid mainly on the cylindrical part 3 of the insulating material 8 with predetermined frictional properties, for example, of fluoro Lastova or polyethylene film. The insulating material 8 is laid in at least two layers. These layers of insulating material are decorated with a tape 9, wound with an overlap 10, exceeding half the width 11 of the tape 9 by an amount exceeding 12, guaranteeing the presence of at least two layers during winding with technological errors, as well as during operation. The insulating material 8 is laid between the layers of the power shell 5, while the layers 13 located under the insulating material 8 are made of spiral coils, and the remaining layers are made of spiral 6 and ring 7 coils with impregnation of their threads with a synthetic binder.

An embodiment of the method consists in the fact that in order to create the most effective trap for fragments of liner 2, it is necessary to deform with optimal speed the optimal amount of partially destroyed material of spiral 6 and ring 7 layers of the power shell 5. This is facilitated by the presence of a separation layer 8 with predetermined frictional properties made of tape 9, located on the entire cylindrical part 3 with the maximum possible inlet 14 on the sphere-shaped bottoms 4. The maximum possible inlet 14 is limited to oat location of the tape 9 (no slipping) on the sphere-shaped part 4, as well as the possible appearance of corrugations and folds along the edge of the tape 9. For long cylinders in order to save a scarce film when experimentally confirmed technical result is achieved, the separation layer 8 is laid in the deformation zone of a shorter liner than the length of the cylindrical part. Thus, the separation layer is laid mainly on the cylindrical part 3.

The second variant of the method consists in the fact that the first layer 13 is wound with “dry” turns, the insulating tape 9 is wound with a step exceeding half the width 11 of the tape 9, and the threads of the third and subsequent layers are impregnated with an epoxy binder. In this case, the threads of the first layer 13, located under the turns of the flax 9, remain “dry”, and the threads in the areas without the tape 9 are impregnated with a binder of the third and subsequent layers, forming with them an almost monolithic composite, thereby further increasing the bearing capacity of the shell’s critical places - spherical bottoms. Since the threads of the “dry” layer 13 during operation of the cylinder 1 form an additional trap for fragments of the liner 2, then to increase the efficiency of braking of the fragments, the length of these threads should be as possible. This is achieved by the location of the tape 9 on the entire cylindrical part 3 with the maximum possible inlet 14 on the sphere-shaped bottoms 4, that is, mainly on the cylindrical part 3.

The cylinder 1 operates as follows.

With an unauthorized increase in internal overpressure above the maximum permissible in the area of weakened cross-section (usually located on the cylindrical part 3), the binder of the spiral 6 and ring 7 layers of the power shell 5 is destroyed, the liner 2 is deformed and “flows”, the strands of the ring 7 layers are torn, and the spiral threads of the “dry” layer 13 and the threads of the spiral layers 6, get “freedom”, bulge, forming a trap in the form of a “flashlight” 15 due to the fact that the “free” spiral turns in the considered zone begin to work like a lever-articulated mechanism, increasing the laying angles 16 and bringing the bottoms closer 4. The liner 2, continuing to “leak”, extends to its maximum size and breaks with the formation of fragments 17. At the same time, layer 8 wound by tape 9 with a width of 11 with an overlap 10 is provided stably optimal deformation resistance of materials forming a trap in the form of a flashlight 15 or minimum resistance when sliding the fluoroplastic over the fluoroplastic. In this case, the hood up to the break of the liner wall 2 (increasing its length along the generatrix) is compensated by an increase in the corresponding length of the layer 8 from the tape 9 due to the relative shift of the turns of the tape 9 within the excess of 12 overlap 10 over half the width 11 of the tape obtained by calculation. This compensation provides guaranteed sliding, for example, fluoroplastic over the fluoroplastic throughout the deformation zone and the drawing of the liner wall 2. The fragments 17, when interacting with the “dry” layer 13, lose a significant part of their energy and stop when interacting with the partially destroyed spiral 6 layers of the power shell 5.

Thus, the use of inventions will create a high-tech explosion-proof high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composites with increased reliability of its operation, which confirms the intended use. The feasibility of the invention is confirmed by the positive test results of samples and fragments of structures, the development and manufacture of which are completely based on the description provided. In this regard, the new technical solution also meets the criterion of "industrial applicability", i.e. level of invention.

Claims (6)

1. The method of winding the power shell of a high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials, in which an insulating liner consisting of a cylindrical part and sphere-shaped bottoms is laid insulating and a multilayer power shell is wound with spiral and ring coils of high-strength high-modulus material, for example, fiberglass or cable bundle aramid filaments, moreover, for laying the insulating shell using an insulating material with predetermined frictional properties, for example, fluoroplastic or floor ethylenic film winding latter preferably on the cylindrical portion, characterized in that the layers of insulating material decorate tape wound with overlap, greater than half the width of the tape to a value which guarantees the presence of at least two layers during winding with technological errors, as well as during operation. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the excess overlap is determined by the formula Δ = 0.5κε ^* in, where Δ is the excess of half the width of the tape during winding, mm; κ = 1.05-1.5 - experimental coefficient taking into account the error in laying the tape when winding; ε ^* is the relative elongation of the liner material at break; in - tape width, mm. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the insulating material is placed between the layers of the power sheath, while the layers of the power sheath located under the insulating material are wound in spiral coils, and the remaining layers are wound in spiral and ring coils with synthetic binder impregnating their threads. 4. A high-pressure cylinder made of polymer composite materials manufactured by the method according to claim 1, containing a sealing liner made of a cylindrical part and sphere-shaped bottoms, an insulating shell and a multilayer power shell, wound with spiral and ring turns of high-strength high-modulus material, for example, glass fiber or aramid yarn harness, the insulating shell being made of the insulating material laid mainly on the cylindrical part with predetermined frictional properties by twitches, for example, from a fluoroplastic or polyethylene film, characterized in that the layers of insulating material are decorated with tape wound with an overlap exceeding half the width of the tape by an amount guaranteeing the presence of at least two layers during winding with technological errors, as well as during operation. 5. The cylinder, according to claim 4, characterized in that the excess overlap is determined by the formula Δ = 0.5κε ^* in, where Δ is the excess of half the width of the tape during winding, mm; κ = 1.05-1.5 - experimental coefficient taking into account the error in laying the tape when winding; ε ^* is the relative elongation of the liner material at break; in - tape width, mm. 6. The cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that the insulating material is laid between the layers of the power shell, while the layers of the power shell located under the insulating material are made of spiral coils, and the remaining layers are made of spiral and ring coils with impregnation of their threads synthetic binder.

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