RU2326794C2 - Film package-reactor and method of its application in preparation of product from multicomponent system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: package is intended for programming of technology and its implementation in storage of initial components and manufacturing of different products from them directly in the package itself, without unwanted contacting of reaction zone and target synthesis products with unfavourable environment. Package-reactor consists of film main and auxiliary sections connected through leak-tight partition, which contain the components of multi-component system, and device for extraction of target product. At that the total volume of mixed components and the maximum volume of connected sections that contain these elements and create a mixing chamber for them after removal of leak tight partition are installed according to proportion from 0.1 to 0.8 accordingly.

EFFECT: increases package efficiency.

5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the construction of a film packaging reactor, designed to program the technology and its implementation when storing the starting components and obtaining various products from them directly in the package, without undesired contact of the reaction zone and the target synthesis products with an adverse external environment. Such an environment is objectively inherent in vehicles, the so-called “Clean rooms”, spacecraft and high-altitude aviation stations, biological, selective and chemical research, domestic premises, tourism, explosive industries and products, medical facilities, etc.

The products that can be obtained in the proposed design of a film reactor in volumes from a few milligrams to 0.5-1.0 kg include: products of industrial and household chemicals, biological, breeding and chemical developments, medicines, food, food and feed additives.

At the same time, a wide range of target products that can be obtained in a film reactor of the proposed design, while mainly using manual technology (without using any mechanisms, except for the roll), necessitates finding and using hardware features in the design of the film reactor ( conditions) manual production of such products from a wide range of raw materials (components), since such raw materials are characterized by a wide variety of physical, chemical and biol ogic indicators. Among them are reactivity, viscosity, consistency, chemical purity, biological and chemical hazard, etc.

In our patents of the Russian Federation 2245284, 2245285, as well as applications for the grant of a patent of the Russian Federation 2002123571, 2002125394, we proposed a number of original designs of a film reactor packaging to obtain a so-called reaction system in it. “Filling” foam packs, advantages according to a 2-component scheme from highly reactive liquid raw materials.

In the present invention, we continue to search for the design of a film reactor packaging, which could be used to obtain a wide range of target products for a given (programmed) reactor design itself, the most simple and affordable manual technology. The latter will always be applied where the use of more complex reactors is contraindicated.

State of the art

There are several fundamentally different designs of a manual film reactor packaging for producing pouring foams (mainly packaging polyurethane foams) at the place of use (US patents No. 5699902, 5899325, 5996782, 5873221), including a wider range of products (our RF patents 2245284, 2245285, as well as applications for the grant of a patent of the Russian Federation 2002123571, 2002125394).

Also known is a flexible container for storing and administering medical solutions (RF Patent No. 2195253) and a paper container with a plastic shell (RF patent No. 2236998).

Known designs of film packaging reactors according to the aforementioned US patents and our Russian patents are limited to obtaining mobile reactive foam mass in them, independently leaving the reaction zone under developing own pressure. The formation of the final product - polystyrene - takes place here outside the film reactor.

The design of a flexible reactor according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2195253 is intended exclusively for obtaining medical solutions from unlimited and instant soluble starting components.

The known container mixer according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2236998 consists of film sections (paper with a plastic coating) connected through an airtight partition and which may contain separate liquid components for mixing while eliminating the airtight partition when exposed to the container. The container contains a device for extracting either the components individually or a mixture thereof. The disadvantage of this container is its relatively rigid, light-tight casing, which does not allow viscous liquids to mix, powder-liquid components, it does not allow to monitor the course of dissolution of substances, it does not allow to set technology parameters (such as temperature, mixing intensity, control of homogenization level, process 3-, 4-component systems and excipients).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to create the design of a film packaging reactor for storage in a given assortment and ratio of the initial multicomponent systems and based on them, according to a given program and technology, manual production of target products in a controlled relationship with the environment.

The established technology parameters should be:

- the original main components and excipients in a wide range and in a predetermined ratio, the ability to change the ratio of main components to excipients;

- the order of interaction (mixing) of the main and auxiliary components;

- interaction mode (temperature, intensity, duration, control over the course of interaction);

- interaction of the reaction zone with the environment (complete isolation, gas exchange processes, ultra-microfiltration, heating / cooling, energy fields, magnetic and radiation exposure, etc.);

- control over the receipt of the target product;

- environmental Safety.

The task according to the invention is solved by creating the original design of the film packaging reactor, which included the advantages of our previous designs and differs from the prior art (prototype according to RF patent No. 2236998) and our earlier inventions in that in a film packaging reactor consisting of from film sections connected through an airtight partition that contain the individual components of a multicomponent system for mixing while removing the airtight partition and external On the packaging, and devices for extracting the target product from the package, the ratio of the total volume of the mixed components to the maximum total volume of the adjacent adjacent sections containing these components and forming a mixing chamber (reaction zone) for them, from 0.1 to 0, was established , 8, i.e.

ΣV _PC / ΣV _section = 0.1 ÷ 0.8

where: ΣV _comp is the total volume of the pair of mixed components,

ΣV _sections - the maximum total volume of connected adjacent sections.

The lower limit (0.1) of this ratio is established, on the one hand, based on the used amount of components according to the rule: the larger this amount (from a few mg to 1.0 kg), the closer the specified ratio should be to 0.1. On the other hand, the viscosity of the components (more viscous require an approximation of 0.1), the economic feasibility and technical necessity of the consumption of film materials (their total area) to create the required conditions for the interaction of the reaction zone with the external environment. Accordingly, the upper limit (0.8) is intended for relatively small amounts of the starting components and the target product, low viscosity systems and synthesis conditions of this product isolated from the external environment.

Along with this, the development of the idea of programming technology and the use of multicomponent systems to obtain a wide range of products in a film reactor under given conditions led to the decision to use film materials in this reactor for the manufacture of its active sections (where a reaction zone is created), which make it possible to establish the required energy and material (gas, steam, liquid, salt, etc.) interaction of active sections with the environment. Such materials are polymer gas-selective films, metal foil, ultra- and microfiltration films, combined metal-polymer films. On the other hand, our film reactor is equipped with two types of sections - main and auxiliary, or instead of stationary auxiliary sections, the film reactor is equipped with a device for connecting the necessary auxiliary sections to it; including such a connection can be made through a device for extracting the target product of the appropriate design, for example a threaded or conical fitting. In special cases, the auxiliary section connected to the reaction zone may be a conventional needle syringe. It is connected by piercing a weak self-healing area (relatively thin film with a limited size) specially created in the film reactor.

If there are main and auxiliary sections in the film reactor, they are installed:

- the main sections connected through an airtight partition are installed sequentially to each other (along the main axis of the reactor, see figure 1);

- auxiliary sections or devices for their connection to the main sections are located mainly parallel to the main sections (to the main axis of the reactor, see figure 2, I). In some cases, it is possible to sequentially install 1-2 auxiliary sections (see figure 2, II) and connection devices.

Moreover, in the invention, under the main sections are meant sections that contain the main components to obtain the target product and on the basis of which they form a reaction (mixing) zone by eliminating the corresponding sealed partitions.

For example, for epoxy adhesive, the main sections contain two main components - epoxy resin and hardener - polyamine. The auxiliary section contains a modifier.

For example, for a milkshake, the main sections contain milk and syrup; the auxiliary section may contain chopped fruits.

Since the inventive film reactor packaging is designed to produce a wide range of products formed under various conditions of homogenization (mixing) of the starting components, it is equipped with at least one sealed partition (for a 2-section reactor), which can have a length equal to 25-100% of the width connected through it the main sections at their junction. Moreover, when such a partition (mechanical clamp or welding / gluing) is <100% of the specified width, it is an active element in the construction of the film reactor, its activity (affecting the intensity of mixing of the components) reaches a maximum at 25% of the specified width. It is impossible to increase this activity further, since a sharp increase in resistance on this partition makes it difficult to repeatedly squeeze the mixture of components from one edge of the mixing chamber to the other.

As an original, we found an option to regulate the activity of a sealed partition during the mixing of components is the use of two different zones in it (see figure 3):

- areas that, when the septum is not sealed, do not collapse and form an obstacle to the passage of components and their mixtures)

- zones that are destroyed when the septum is not sealed and form passage channels for multiple double-sided passage through these channels of components and their mixtures (reaction system) under external influence (pressure) on the reactor sections.

In this case, the minimum size (total length) of the destroyed zones should not be less than the above 25% of the total length of the sealed partition (calculated on 100% of its length equal to the width of the docked sections). When the volume ratio of the initial main components to be mixed for the formation of a homogeneous system is far from 1.0 (as is the case in the above examples for epoxy glue and milk shake) and the sealed partition is forced to be located far from the geometric center of the reaction (mixing) zone, the design of our film reactor contains an additional non-tight septum-activator, which is located near the geometric center united when the sealed septum is removed main sections and which contains impassable zones and passage channels for multiple double-sided passage through these channels of components and their mixtures with external influence (pressure) on the packaging-reactor. Such a partition can be manufactured (delivered) both by welding / gluing the walls of the reactor, and using an external mechanical clamp (see figure 4).

We also created, as an integral property of the inventive film reactor packaging, an original way of using this reactor to obtain a wide range of products from a multicomponent system. This method consists in changing the location of the main and auxiliary sections, in choosing the composition and location of sealed and non-tight partitions, in choosing the composition and degree of filling of the main sections, the composition of the auxiliary sections and their interaction with the main sections, the order, time and intensity of mixing, in the choice of materials for the manufacture of sections of the reactor in order to establish the required energy and material interaction of the reaction zone with the external environment (with external influences). And thus - programming and implementation of the specified technology for obtaining the target product from the widest range of raw materials, from simple low-viscosity liquids (milk, water, solvents, synthetic resins, polymer liquids) and powdered dry substances (tea, coffee, fruits, noodles, fillers , dyes, flavors, etc.) to complex ecologically, chemically, and explosive products. The set technology does not require highly qualified users and therefore is available to a wide range of users.

The list of drawings.

The figure 1 shows two schemes - 2- and 3-section film packaging reactor (in plan), in which the main sections (A, B, C) are connected through brittle partitions (4) sequentially one after another along the main axis of the reactor.

The figure 2 shows two schemes of a 3-section (in the main sections) film reactor packaging. Position I - auxiliary sections (a and b) are connected to the main sections in parallel. Position II - auxiliary section "a" is connected to the main sections in series; the auxiliary section “b” is connected to its main section “B” in series through the attachment device.

The figure 3 shows a diagram of a 2-section film reactor packaging, in which the sealed partition has two types of zones:

- areas destroyed by the removal of the sealed partition (4 ") and

- areas that do not collapse when the tightness of the partition (4 ') is removed.

The figure 4 shows a diagram of a 2-section film reactor packaging, in which the volume ratio of component "B" to component "A" is much less than 1.0 and in which an additional leaky partition (9) is installed, having non-passage (9 ') zones and feedthrough channels (9 ").

Figure 5 shows two schemes of a film packaging reactor for an epoxy 3-component adhesive:

I - scheme where the section with hardener "B" is located between the two parts of the section with epoxy resin, which allows to speed up the process of homogenization of their mixture. And where modifier “b” is located in the auxiliary section connected to section “B” in parallel (main axis) through a sealed partition (4);

II - scheme, where the section with hardener (B) is located sequentially to section “A” (with epoxy resin), and the auxiliary section “b” is sequentially to section “B”. Under these conditions, it becomes advisable to install an additional leaky partition (9) in the geometric center of the reactor.

1 - the main section containing the main component "A".

2 - the main section containing the main component "B".

3 - the main section containing the main component "B".

4 - sealed partition.

4 '- non-passage zone of a two-zone sealed partition.

4 "- passage channel of a two-zone sealed partition.

5 - a device for extracting the target product from the package, including detachable.

6 - auxiliary section containing auxiliary component "a".

7 - auxiliary section containing auxiliary component "b".

8 - a device for attaching an auxiliary section (7) with component "b".

9 - additional leaky partition-activator.

9 '- non-passage zone of an untight partition (9).

9 "is the passage channel of the leaky partition (9).

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention.

The inventive design of a film packaging reactor for producing various target products according to a given technological design of the reactor can be manufactured on a pilot scale without additional hardware research, since the applicant of our previous inventions on patents of the Russian Federation 2245284, 2245285, as well as applications for the grant of patents of the Russian Federation 2002123571 , 2002125394 is already being produced on a pilot scale a film reactor packaging for producing hard polyurethane filling foam at the place of its use in bonded investment purposes (see. www.njbak.narod.ru site).

Fundamental improvements made to the known film structures of the present invention require the development of technological programs for a given composition of components and this target product. What will find the appropriate structural implementation of a particular film reactor packaging.

All starting materials for the manufacture of the film reactor packaging reactor for general engineering purposes are produced in the Russian Federation by industry. At the same time, the peculiarity of the choice of materials for the film reactor packaging for obtaining specific medicine products, food and feed assortment, etc., for research purposes necessitates taking into account the specific requirements of these directions for the inner coating of the reactor in contact with these products and their starting components . So, for biological and chemical studies, the inner film (varnish) coatings of the reactor must be biologically and chemically neutral, stable and gas-tight under the conditions of such studies. For example, in the literature (RF patent No. 2196263) for a container with medical solutions, a copolymer of polypropylene with polyethylene is recommended, combined with an elastomer-copolymer of styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene in a weight ratio of 80:20.

For food and feed products, you can use polymer films from food grade polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, fluoroplastic and various food grade copolymers.

It is also known that in order to impart gas-tight (barrier) properties to a food film material, it is either made single-layer of metal (aluminum) foil, or multilayer in which the metal foil constitutes a middle layer. Such multilayer materials that are easy to weld and glue are suitable for the manufacture of the packaging reactor declared here in cases where the requirements for gas tightness under the storage conditions of the starting components and the technology for obtaining the target product are mandatory. On the other hand, if the storage conditions of raw materials (for example, fresh fruit) require gas-selective properties from the material of the section, it is made from film gas-selective polymer membranes. Such films are available in a sufficient assortment on the Russian market.

The formation of sealed and non-sealed partitions, which divide the packaging film reactor into sections and sections, can be successfully carried out by welding, gluing, mechanical crimping / pinching or mechanical fasteners.

At the same time, it must be taken into account that the technology for obtaining the target product in a film reactor has certain limitations (limits) due to the properties of the film materials from which the film reactor packaging is made. Such limitations relate to temperature and pressure in the reaction zone, viscosity of the starting components (coating the inner surface of the reactor with fluoroplastic varnish - extends this limit), the consistency of solids and their mobility (flowability), etc.

The programming of the technology for obtaining the target product in the inventive film reactor packaging is carried out by installing in it certain structural elements that specify the required technology, as well as the modes of interaction of these elements and the starting components themselves.

For example, for a film reactor packaging for an epoxy 3-component adhesive (epoxy resin, hardener-polyamine, modifier), two design options can be recommended (see figure 5).

In option I, the epoxy resin is stored in two parts of section “A”, which are separated from section “B” by sealed partitions (4). Section “B”, in which the hardener for this resin is stored, is located between the two parts of section “A” in order to facilitate the homogenization of the “epoxy resin-hardener” system. This system has a high ratio of starting components, 10: 1, and, in addition, the epoxy resin is a relatively viscous liquid. This reactor also contains an auxiliary section "b" with a resin modifier. It is separated from the reaction zone by a sealed partition (4), which, if necessary, can be eliminated.

The homogenization of the system “epoxy resin - hardener” is carried out by removing the sealed partitions located between the parts of section “A” and section “B” and then by repeatedly squeezing (by the operator’s hands) the reaction mixture from one edge of section “A” to its other edge. After the homogenization step is completed, the required amount of modifier can be squeezed (introduced) into the reaction zone by eliminating the (temporary) indicated sealed partition. An external mechanical clamp is best suited for such purposes. And then they carry out the mixing in the specified way of the system "epoxy resin + hardener" with the entered amount of modifier. The obtained target product “modified epoxy adhesive” with a given survivability (time before gelation) is removed from the reactor through a device for extracting (5) by external pressure on the walls of the reactor.

According to option II, the epoxy resin is stored in two parts of section “A”, separated (mechanically, without sealing) by an untight activator partition (9). The hardener is stored in section "B" and is separated from the epoxy by a sealed partition. The auxiliary component “b” (modifier) is stored in the auxiliary section “b” connected to the main section “B” sequentially through a sealed partition, which allows the modifier to be dosed in the required quantities.

When removing the sealed partition between the main sections “A” and “B”, the process of homogenization of the “epoxy resin-hardener” system to increase the degree of homogenization and its intensity is carried out using an untight activator partition (9) having passage channels (9 ") and impassable zones (9 '). The homogenization process is carried out by moving (squeezing) the contents of the reaction zone from one edge to the other through the activator (9). The modifier is introduced into the reaction zone by removing the airtight partition between sections "B" and " b. "

Claims (5)

1. Film packaging reactor for producing a product from a multicomponent system, consisting of film sections connected through a sealed partition, which contain the individual components of the specified system for mixing them while eliminating the sealed partition and external impact on the reactor, and devices for extracting the target product from the package, characterized in that the package consists of main and auxiliary sections or devices for attaching auxiliary sections to the main sections, while the main sec the links are connected in series; auxiliary sections are connected to the main sections, mainly in parallel, and the sections are made of a material that allows you to establish the energy and / or material interaction of the mixing chamber with the external environment and which is selected from the group: polymer films with oxygen and air barrier properties, gas-selective semipermeable membranes, polymer film micro-, ultra- and nanofiltration materials, gas-tight polymer films connected to a metal foil, heat-insulating dimensional film materials, heat-conducting film materials; the total volume of the mixed components and the maximum total volume of the connected adjacent sections containing these components and forming a common mixing chamber for them are established from the relation

where компV _comp is the total volume of a pair of mixed components; ΣV _sections - the maximum total volume of connected adjacent sections. 2. The film packaging reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealed partition has a length equal to 25-100% of the width of the sections connected through it at their junction. 3. Film-packaging reactor according to any one of the above paragraphs, characterized in that the sealed partition has zones that, when the septum is not sealed, and zones that collapse and form channels for repeated two-way passage of components and their mixtures through them alternately repeated external exposure to the mixing chamber. 4. Film packaging reactor according to any one of the above paragraphs, characterized in that the sealed partition has a length equal to 100% of the width of the sections connected through it; the film packaging-reactor contains an additional non-tight septum-activator, which is located near the geometric center of the main sections united when the sealed partition is removed and which contains impassable zones and passage channels for repeated two-way passage of these components and their mixtures when exposed to the mixing chamber. 5. The method of using a film packaging reactor to obtain the target product from a multicomponent system, characterized in that the location of the main and auxiliary sections, the composition of the main and auxiliary sections, the composition of the main and auxiliary components, the composition and location of sealed and non-sealed partitions, the degree of filling of the main sections of the original components, the composition of the auxiliary sections and the order of their interaction with the main sections, the order, time and intensity of mixing of the original x components, choice of materials for producing film sections - and thus programmed and carried out predetermined technology to produce the desired product.

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