RU2319169C1 - Method for determining position of radio radiation emitter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, possible use for determining location of radio radiation emitter.

SUBSTANCE: method for determining position of radio radiation emitter is based on measuring intensity of field in an area with a device which moves along free trajectory, and determining on basis of resulting data of gradient vector of electromagnetic field of radio radiation emitter being researched in different points of an area. Coordinates of intersection of electromagnetic field gradient vector are assumed to be coordinates of radio radiation emitter being researched, which are determined from a set of measured values of electromagnetic field intensity and geographical coordinates of measurement points, produced by moving the measuring device along free trajectory in zone of radio-accessibility of radio radiation emitter. Method is invariant to technical characteristics of radio-receiving device and antenna, radiation frequency and polarization and type of modulation of signal being received, resulting in expanded functional capabilities of measuring device.

EFFECT: expanded arsenal of technical instruments for determining position of radio radiation emitter in an area.

2 dwg

Description

This invention relates to the field of radio engineering and is intended to determine the location of a source of radio emission (IRI).

The invention is aimed at solving the problem of expanding the arsenal of technical means for determining the location of a source of radio emission.

An analysis of the technical and patent literature shows that at present, devices based on the use of the triangulation method are used to determine the location of Iran. The essence of the triangulation method is that to determine the location of the IRI, stationary or mobile direction finders are used, with which the azimuth to the radiation source (bearing) is measured from at least two points spaced on the Earth's surface. Based on the data on the bearings and the coordinates of the location of the direction finders, the location of the IRI is calculated. The location of the IRI is the intersection of two or more bearings.

In turn, there are two main methods for determining the bearing: amplitude and phase [2].

The amplitude method is based on the analysis of the amplitude distribution of the electromagnetic field created by the direction-finding signal at the input of the directional receiving antenna. Three methods of amplitude direction finding are known: maximum direction finding, minimum direction finding and comparison direction finding.

The phase direction finding method is based on using the dependence of the phase difference of the signals received by two identical antennas, which are separated in space by a certain distance.

Positioning systems based on the principles described above have a number of significant drawbacks:

- the technical complexity of direction finding systems;

- heavy weight and dimensions of the equipment used;

- a rigid dependence of the size of the antennas on the operating frequencies;

- narrow frequency range;

- the need to have several antennas for different frequency ranges;

- the inability to create effective small-sized antenna systems for mobile direction finders in the radio wave bands below tens of MHz;

- high requirements for precision manufacturing of antenna systems;

- the need for complex tuning of antenna systems and direction finders equipment;

- the high cost of direction finding systems.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed method is the "Method and device for determining the coordinates of the source of radio emission", application for invention of 01.31.2005 No. 2005102257 [5]. The method of determining the coordinates of a radio emission source considered in the prototype is based on measuring bearings from an IRI with a direction finder moving along a free path and calculating the coordinates of an IRI based on a plurality of samples of bearings from various points. This method is a type of determining the location of the IRI using the triangulation method using one moving in the direction finder space. The main disadvantage of the prototype is the need to use a mobile direction finder as a meter, which is characterized by high cost, technical complexity, significant weight and dimensions, such direction finders incorporate bulky and expensive antenna systems.

Within the framework of this application, the task of developing a method for determining the location of an IRI is solved, which will significantly reduce the cost of the device, its dimensions, weight, the dependence of the results on the technical characteristics of the device, while maintaining the accuracy of determining the location of the IRI. The method is based on the general regularity of the distribution of the electromagnetic field of the IRI in space, which consists in the fact that the magnitude of the intensity of the electromagnetic field from the IRI in space decreases inversely with the square of the distance from the source of radio emission.

Thus, by measuring the field strength at individual points in space, it is possible to restore with some accuracy the regularity of the distribution of the electromagnetic field from the investigated IRI on the ground.

The proposed method for determining the location of a radio emission source is as follows: receive the radio signals of the radio source at a given frequency F, convert the radio signal from analog to digital, measure the electromagnetic field strength, record the result in the storage device, measure the geographic coordinates of the measurement point, record the results of coordinate measurements in the memory device. In the process of moving the device along a free trajectory in the radio access area of the IRI, the totality of these parameters is repeatedly measured. From the set of measured values of the field strength created by the IRI, the geographical coordinates of the pair of values with the same field strength are determined (Figure 1). Based on these data, the gradient of the electromagnetic field strength is determined, the vector of which is located on the middle perpendicular of the segment connecting the pairs of points on the ground with the same field strength value. The coordinates of the intersection of the set of middle perpendiculars, calculated from the combination of the measured values of the electromagnetic field strength and the geographical coordinates of the measurement points, obtained by moving the meter along a free path in the radio access zone of the IRI, are taken as the coordinates of the IRI location.

The proposed method differs from the prototype in that for measuring the spatial information parameters of the radio signal at frequency F, the device processing unit needs to have data not about the bearing on the IRI at the measuring point, but only on the magnitude of the electromagnetic field strength at various points in the radio access zone of the IRI. This achieves the invariance to the technical characteristics of the radio receiver and antenna, radiation frequency, polarization and type of modulation of the signal under study. The high-frequency signals received at the measuring point are converted into electrical signals of an intermediate frequency, after analog-to-digital conversion, these signals are stored in a storage device and correlated with the location of the meter. From the data obtained, vectors of the gradient of the field strength from various points of the terrain are determined. The coordinates of the intersection of the vectors of the electromagnetic field gradients from the IRI, coming from various points on the terrain, are taken as the coordinates of the location of the studied source of radio emission.

The device for determining the location of the source of radio emission (Figure 2) consists of: a receiver with an analog-to-digital converter and antenna (1), a navigation device (2), a processing unit (3), a control and display unit for results (4), which differs from the prototype the fact that instead of the direction finder contains: a receiver with an analog-to-digital converter and antenna, a processing unit and a control and display device. The output of the analog-to-digital converter of the receiver (1) is connected to the input of the processing unit (3), information from the navigation device (2) is received at the second input of the processing unit. The device for controlling and displaying the results (4) is connected with the information inputs and outputs to the receiver, the processing unit, and the navigation device.

The accuracy of determining the location of the IRI does not depend on the linearity of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the receiving path. As the receiving antenna, any antenna can be used, including an active small one, which provides the reception of a radio signal at a given point at the desired frequency.

The proposed method and device for its implementation, in comparison with the prototype, while reducing the cost, dimensions, weight, device provides the location of the IRI with the same accuracy. Thus, it is possible to create on the basis of the proposed invention small-sized inexpensive devices for determining the location of Iran.

In addition, this method is invariant to the technical characteristics of the radio receiving device and antenna, radiation frequency, polarization and type of modulation of the received signal. Thus, the functionality of the meter is expanded.

Bibliography

1. Belotserkovsky G. B. Basics of radar and radar devices. M .: Soviet radio, 1975.

2. Tsvetkov VV, Demin VP, Kupriyanov A.I. Electronic warfare: Radio intelligence and radio countermeasures. Moscow: MAI Publishing House, 1998.

3. Erokhin G.A., Chernyshev O.V. et al. Antenna-feeder devices and radio wave propagation. Moscow, Hot line - Telecom.

4. Handbook on radio monitoring of the international telecommunication union. ITU-R Geneva, 2002

5. Terentyev A.V. et al. “Method and device for determining the coordinates of a source of radio emission”, application for invention of 01.31.2005 No. 2005102257.

Claims (1)

A method for determining the location of a radio emission source, which consists in receiving the radio signals of the studied radio source at a given frequency by a measuring device moving along a free path in the area in the radio access zone of the radio source, characterized in that the radio signals received at the measurement points are converted from an analog form into digital and recorded in a storage device, at these points measure the magnitude of the electromagnetic The field created by the studied source of radio emission determines the geographic coordinates of the measurement points, records the measurement results in a memory device for correlating the measured values of the electromagnetic field strength with the location of the measuring device and the received radio signals, from the set of measured values of the electromagnetic field generated by the source of radio emission, the geographical coordinates of the pair are determined values with the same magnitude of the electromagnetic about the field, determine the gradient vectors of the electromagnetic field, emanating from various measurement points on the ground, determine the gradient of the electromagnetic field, the vectors of which are located on the mid-perpendicular of the segment connecting the pairs of points on the ground with the same magnitude of the electromagnetic field, the coordinates of the intersection of these vectors are taken as the coordinates location of the source of radio emission.

Images