RU2310537C2 - Universal bending apparatus for producing blanks with similar fragments repeated along the whole length of blank - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plastic working of metals, namely apparatuses for horizontal cold bending of shaped metal.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus is designed for producing from metallic rods shaped bent blanks having similar bent fragments repeating along the whole length of blank and having sign-variable bent portions for making openwork products such as guards, gates, window grates and so on at condition of small-batch production and restricted production areas. High quality of bent blank is provided due to additional reduction of bent fragment by means of mechanism for fixing blank. High quality cut is provided due to performing operation of cutting off by twisting. Such operation is realized with use of cutting grips secured to levers of cut-off mechanism.

EFFECT: improved quality of blank with high-quality cut.

3 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to devices for horizontal cold bending of profile metal. This device is supposed to be used to produce shaped bent blanks from a metal bar with identical identical bending fragments repeating along the entire length of the workpiece in the piece manufacture of openwork products, for example: fences, gates, gates, window bars, etc., in small-scale production and limited production space.

A universal bending machine adopted for the prototype is known (see N.A. Fedorov et al. "Universal bending machines", M., Mashgiz, 1961), containing a drive mounted on a bed, a feed mechanism, a cutting mechanism and a bending mechanism . The drive includes an engine, a gear transmission and drive shafts, on which the fists of movement of the mechanisms are located.

A disadvantage of the known bending machines and machines, as well as the prototype is to obtain a curved billet of low quality, because bent fragments repeated along the entire length of the workpiece are not uniform in their geometry due to springing during bending. The disadvantages of the known bending devices include the low quality of the slice of the workpiece.

The objective of the invention is the expansion of the technological capabilities of the device in order to obtain from a metal bar of various profiles and dimensions of the cross section of a shaped bent workpiece of high quality.

To solve the problem in a well-known universal bending device, including a feed mechanism mounted on a bed and kinematically connected with each other, the cutting mechanism and the bending mechanism of the workpiece by means of bending punches and a matrix, as well as a drive consisting of a gear motor, gear drive and drive shaft on which the eccentric bushings for moving the aforementioned mechanisms are located, a workpiece fixing mechanism is additionally installed by means of a clamp-clamp and a matrix. The mechanism of the segments is made in the form of two levers kinematically connected through pushers with eccentric bushings located on the drive shaft. The levers are fixed cutting grips.

For the possibility of obtaining several curved fragments and changing the configuration of the workpiece fragment in the universal bending device, a set of interchangeable dies, interchangeable clamp-clips and additional punches is provided.

For the operation, the bar segments of different profiles and cross-sectional sizes of the cutting grippers are made interchangeable with different shapes and sizes of the holes for the bar.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - General kinematic diagram of the device;

figure 2 is a side view of the device;

figure 3 is a top view of the device;

figure 4 - the mechanism of the cuts is a side view;

figure 5 - the mechanism of segments - top view;

figure 6 - node segments - view a in figure 4;

in Fig.7 - node segments - section along BB in Fig.6;

on Fig - node pre-bending and calibrating-fixing node.

The implementation of the invention is presented in an example where the universal bending device is designed to bend two fragments of the workpiece.

The universal bending device consists of a welded bed 1 (Fig. 2), on which a drive 2 is mounted, consisting of a geared motor 3, a gear 4 and a drive shaft 5. A motor is fixed on the lower surface of the upper plate 6 (Fig. 2) gearbox 3, which rotates through the gear 4, the drive shaft 5, mounted on the upper surface of the upper plate 6 of the bed 1. On the drive shaft 5 are mounted eccentric bushings 7 of the mechanism segments 8 (figure 4), the eccentric sleeve 9 of the punch 10 and the cam 11 locking mechanism 12 (figure 3).

On the eccentric bushings 7 of the mechanism, the segments 8 (Figs. 4 and 5) are rotatably connected to the connecting rods 13, which are rigidly connected to the extensions 14, which are able to axially adjust when adjusting the assembly of the segments 15 (Fig. 6). Extenders 14 with the opposite end are pivotally connected to the right 16 and left 17 levers (figure 4). The lower end of the right 16 and left 17 levers together with a cutting capture 18 of the right 16 and a cutting capture 19 of the left 17 levers are mounted with the possibility of rotation by a predetermined angle on the axis 20 located in the support 21, which is mounted on the upper plate 6 of the frame 1 (Fig.6 and 7).

On the eccentric bushings 9 of the punch 10, a connecting rod 22 is mounted for rotation, connected to the adjusting screw 23, the opposite end of which is pivotally connected to the rod 24 (figure 3), on the opposite end of which the upper 25 and lower 26 cheeks are rigidly mounted (Fig. 8) . Between the upper 25 and lower 26 cheeks, the deforming rollers 27 fixed in them with the possibility of free rotation are located (Fig. 8). The cam 11 of the locking mechanism 12 by means of an adjusting screw 28 is connected to the rod 29, on which the clamp-retainer 30 is rigidly mounted (Fig. 3). A spring 31 is attached to the rod 29 (FIGS. 2, 3), mounted on the upper plate 6, which constantly presses the rod 29 against the cam 11 of the locking mechanism 12.

On the upper plate 6 from the side opposite to the drive 2, a matrix 32 is installed, which is a plate with a configuration of the working surface, made depending on the desired workpiece profile and consisting of two sections - pre-bending 33 and calibrating-fixing 34 (figure 3). In the pre-bending zone 33 of the matrix 32, a groove is made in the middle of the thickness, in which the deforming rollers 35 are fixed for free rotation (Fig. 8).

The pre-bending section 33 of the matrix 32 and the upper 25 and lower 26 cheeks of the punch 10 with the deforming rollers 27 form a pre-bending unit 36. The calibrating-fixing section 34 of the matrix 32 and the clamp-clamp 30 of the locking mechanism 12 form a calibrating-fixing unit 37 (Fig. 8 )

On the upper plate 6, on the supply side of the bar, a feeding device 38 consisting of two rollers is fixed (Fig. 8).

To fix the distance between the mechanisms are spacer bushings 39 mounted on the drive shaft 5 (Fig. 3).

Universal bending device operates as follows.

The bar is cut into workpieces of the required length, for which the bar is fed through the feeding device 38 to the cutting grippers 18 and 19 of the right 16 and left 17 levers of the cut-off mechanism 8. The cut-off mechanism is activated 8. The eccentric bushings 7, rotating on the drive shaft 5, drive the extensions 14 to the reciprocating movement, which transmit the swing motion to the right 16 and left 17 levers. When the levers 16 and 17 move towards each other with rotation by a given angle, the cutting grips 18 and 19 cut off the workpiece by twisting.

After the operation, the segments for the desired number of blanks, the mechanism of the segments 8 is removed from the drive shaft 5 and the upper plate 6 and begin the bending operation, after setting the punch 10 and the fixing mechanism 12 with the adjusting screws 23 and 28 to the required compression value.

Prepared along the length of the rod is fed through the feeding device 38 to the pre-bending unit 36 and, driving the punch 10, pre-compress the first section. Then the workpiece is fed by the step size and the first section is in the zone of the calibrating-fixing unit 37. The locking mechanism 12 is set in motion, as a result of which the first curved section of the workpiece is fixed in the calibrating-fixing unit 37. After that, the second section of the workpiece is crimped. For one revolution of the drive shaft, the first section is sequentially fixed and the second is crimped. As a result, each bent fragment of the billet will be compressed twice, which ensures a clear geometry of each fragment and, accordingly, the quality of the bent billet.

If it is necessary to obtain a preform with a large number of curved fragments, for example, along the entire length of the initial preform, as well as depending on the desired configuration of the curved fragment, the matrix is replaceable and may have a number of preliminary bending sections equal to the required number of curved fragments of the curved preform. On the drive shaft, respectively, the same number of punches can be inserted. In order to simultaneously compress the required number of workpiece fragments, the eccentric cams of the punches are mounted on the drive shaft with an offset, which allows crimping all the fragments in one rotation cycle of the drive shaft.

For the manufacture of curved fragments of various configurations, the upper and lower cheeks with punch deforming rollers and the clamp-clamp of the fixing mechanism are also removable.

Since the universal bending device is designed for bending a bar of various profiles and cross-sectional sizes, a set of interchangeable cutting grippers with different shapes and sizes of the hole for the bar is provided in the cutting mechanism.

The expansion of the technological capabilities of the device allows bending of billets from a bar of various profiles, various lengths and obtaining a different configuration of curved fragments, as well as producing a high-quality segment of the billet, since the segment due to twisting gives a smooth cut without crushing.

Claims (3)

1. A universal bending device for producing workpieces with identical fragments repeating along the entire length, including a feed mechanism mounted on a bed and kinematically connected with each other, pieces of the workpiece and a bending mechanism by means of bending punches and a die, and also a drive including a gear motor, gear transmission and drive shaft, on which eccentric fists of movement of the above mechanisms are located, characterized in that the device is additionally equipped with a locking mechanism Preparations by clamps and clamp-matrix, and the mechanism sections made up of two levers kinematically linked via pushers with eccentric bushings arranged on the drive shaft, wherein the levers are secured in the cutting jaws. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device is additionally equipped with a set of interchangeable dies, clamp - clamps and punches. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting grips of the mechanism segments are made replaceable.

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