RU2297720C2 - Shipborne fiber-optical communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: the invention refers to the field of radio electronics and may be used for organization of interior and exterior communication of a ship.

SUBSTANCE: the technical result of the invention is in expansion of functional possibilities and increasing of quality of transmission channels and reception of information. This occurs due to additional introduction into the system of a mini-computer, an operator's panel, a ring synchronization block, a local commutations block, and a conjugation interface with radio means. At that the mini-computer is connected with the operator's panel and with the ring synchronization block. And the ring synchronization block is connected with the operator's panel and with the local commutations block, and the local commutations block is connected with the conjugation interface of radio means.

EFFECT: expansion of functional possibilities.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of electronics and can be used to organize shipboard and external radio communications on ships, ships and other objects.

Known on-board integrated system SNTI, developed by the French company "Telecommunications Radioelectromigues et Telephonigues", 1990. This system is designed to provide internal automatic telephone communications and control the radio complex.

The basis of the system is a temporary channel compaction device, organized in the form of an annular structure. As the transmission medium, metal cables are used. The system consists of two main parts:

transmission subsystems and subsystems of temporary channel compaction.

It is known “Device for loud-speaking duplex communication” (AS USSR No. 56810, class N04M 9/08). The device comprises a switch, a microphone, a loudspeaker, an amplifier for transmitting and receiving, a driver of control pulses, a low-pass filter, a modulator, a demodulator, and other elements that form the receiving and transmitting paths.

The closest in purpose, technical essence and positive effect is the "System of the ship’s intra-ship loud-speaking communication and broadcasting" (RF patent No. 2111168, 05.27.99, Cl. 6 Н04В 13/00). The system is intended for the organization of intra-ship loud-speaking and telephone communications, as well as for data transmission.

This system is a prototype, designed for the use of switching centers interconnected by fiber-optic communication lines. The system includes tract-forming equipment, information input and output equipment, as well as a remote program control system containing switching blocks of high-frequency and low-frequency circuits, a mixed programming unit, and a path monitoring apparatus.

The disadvantages of both analogues and the prototype are: low noise immunity of the switches, the dependence of the quality of information transfer on the length of the subscriber line, large hardware and cable redundancy, while the system provides only shipboard loud-speaking communication and data transfer.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality and improve the quality of the channels of transmission and reception of information while reducing weight and size characteristics.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in a system containing tract-forming equipment, a remote program control system, in turn, containing high-frequency and low-frequency circuit switches, a mixed programming unit and a path monitoring apparatus, a microcomputer, an operator console, a ring synchronization unit are additionally introduced, a local switching unit and a radio interface, while the microcomputer is connected to an operator console and a ring synchronization unit, and the number synchronization unit The ring is connected to the operator console and to the local switching unit, and the local switching unit is connected to the radio interface.

The drawing shows a block diagram of a ship's fiber optic communication system:

1 - operator console;

2 - control microcomputer;

3 - block synchronization ring;

4 - blocks of local switching (BMK);

5 - subscriber fiber optic communication lines;

6 - group fiber-optic communication lines;

7 - interface pairing with radio;

8 - radio.

The operator panel 1 is intended for issuing control commands for the radio complex means, commands for displaying the status of the radio complex control equipment, negotiating with system subscribers, monitoring negotiations and displaying the states of the radio complex control equipment using the display panel.

The control microcomputer 2 serves to convert the commands received from the operator’s panel and the subscriber’s device into commands that control the radio complex and other blocks of the radio complex control equipment, monitor the time of frequency change and issue commands to the radio stations at the moment of frequency change to change the operating frequencies. Microcomputer 2 consists of: a read-only memory (ROM) designed to store pre-recorded information about the time of automatic frequency change and the frequencies of the reception and transmission of the radio station; a timer that determines the current time; buffer register - for storing the nearest time of frequency change; exchange interface - for the exchange of information with the operator’s console and trunk control of radio complex facilities.

The synchronization unit of ring 3 is designed to coordinate the delay in the propagation of signals along ring lines, set the clock frequency, cyclic (DSS) and super-cycle synchronization of the system (SCSS), receives and issues test signals and warning signals to subscribers of the system, pairing the common control channel with the input channel output control microcomputer 2.

Local switching units 4 are intended for concentration of control signals from the radio complex means connected to the BMK and their insertion into the common control highway, distribution of control signals from the highway to the radio complex means connected to the BMK, intra-group switching of the information signals of the radio devices connected to this BMK among themselves, switching information signals of radio facilities included in the group of this BMC with intergroup communication channels, as well as in the case of emergency switching and monitoring the operation of group communication lines. BMK consists of a synchronization device for receiving and transmitting a “ring”, a device for synchronizing reception and transmission of a “star” and a control device.

Subscriber fiber-optic communication lines 5 are intended for the exchange of information control signals between the means of the radio complex and BMK.

Group fiber-optic communication lines 6 are intended for the exchange of information signals between the BMK units.

The interface interface with the radio means 7 is intended for the exchange of technical means and BMK. The unified exchange interface is intended for the exchange of both information and control signals between the means of the radio complex and BMK via fiber-optic communication lines.

Consider the work of the components of the system.

The principle of operation of the operator panel 1.

When you press the desired switch button and button on the remote control panel, a command is formed on the microcomputer 2 as follows. After a short press of a button using the corresponding button address encoder and an area address encoder, the button code is generated. At the same time, an impulse of any button is formed through the “or” circuit, which is formed and cleared of the “rattling” of the button contacts by the forming device. This pulse records information about the state of the switches and the address of the pressed button in the output register. At the same time, the request trigger is set to “1”, according to the list of which the interface device 7 starts transmitting a 4-byte command through the standard interface of microcomputer 2. After the transfer is completed, the request trigger is reset. The command received by the microcomputer 2 is decrypted by the operation subroutine from the operator console 1 and transfers control to the corresponding operation subroutines with the required devices of the radio complex control equipment and radio complex means. After the subroutine finishes work, commands for indication are generated from the operator panel 1 and transmitted to the operator panel 1. In the operator panel 1 and in the interface unit 7, these commands are received and the information part of the command goes to the inputs of the indicator registers, and the address part together with pulse synchronization arrives at the address decoder, from the corresponding output of which the write pulse goes to the desired indicator register, where the received information is written.

The principle of operation of the microcomputer 2.

When the power is turned on, the microcomputer 2 first processes the initial frequency setting program, part of which for the automatic frequency change system, looks at the ROM cells in which the frequency change time is stored, and selects the closest time value closest to the current one, loads it into the buffer register, in the corresponding him the address of the ROM cell, where the address of the radio station and the value of the measured frequency are stored. In the comparison scheme, the time recorded in the buffer register is compared with the current one and at the moment of comparison, the operation of the microcomputer 2 is interrupted. The microcomputer 2 determines the interrupt source (timer) and reads the radio station address and frequency value from the ROM, generates a frequency change command and sends it to the desired radio station. Next, the microcomputer 2 again scans the ROM, selects the closest to the current value of time, and the process repeats again.

Processing of the remaining algorithms begins when commands are received from the operator console 1 or other devices, the operation of the microcomputer 2 is interrupted. The interrupt routine determines the source of the command and transfers control to the corresponding subroutine that prescribes work with this device. The response commands generated by the microcomputer 2 are sent to the necessary devices via the corresponding interface.

The principle of operation of BMK.

The digital signal is fed to the synchronization device receiving the "ring". This device consists of a device for extracting signals and generating special signals, as well as protection schemes for the DSS and SCSS from single failures. The shaping device identifies the signs of the DSS and SCSS and generates clock sync signals (TSS) and special signals. Since a digital signal transmitted through the communication channel is supplied to the synchronization device, elementary symbols may be distorted in it with a certain probability. The protection scheme against single failures of the CSS upon the arrival of the sign of the CSS produces a sequence of “control” signs of the CSS, according to which the decision on the presence of synchronism is made. Thanks to this scheme, the system enters the synchronism search mode only after three consecutive failures of the DSS, with short-term distortion of the synchronism under the influence of interference, the synchronization failure does not occur.

The “ring” transmission synchronization device consists of a service channel compression device (SLK), an information compression device, and a delay matching device. At the input of the SLK compaction device, a decompressed SLK is received, where the parallel code is converted into a serial one.

The information compression device performs the same functions with respect to the digital information signal. But the serial code transmission rate is determined by the clock frequency.

The delay matching device is used to coordinate the time of reception and transmission of the SLC.

BMK uses the V-P-V switching system (temporary-spatial-temporal separation).

The digital signal of the “ring” from the optical receiving device of the “ring” is fed to the decompression device of the information channel. The control signals for this device are generated by a device for selecting clock signals and generating special signals. In the device decompression of the information channel is a decrease in the speed of information transfer. The allocated SLK from the decompression device of the information channel are fed to the decompression device of the service channel, where the transmission speed of the SLK decreases. In the SLK decompression device, the binary code is converted into a positional code, which controls the operation of the “ring” switching device (receiving part). In the “ring” switching device, information from the “ring” is switched with the desired subscriber. In the “ring” switching device (transmitting part), information is switched from the required subscriber in the “ring” under the influence of control signals with the “star” synchronization device.

The synchronization device ("stars") synchronizes the operation of the star-shaped communication subsystem with the ring. The service channel information of the "star" synchronization devices controls the operation of the switching field control device, where the binary code of the SLK is converted to a positional code that enters the switching field. In the switching field, the necessary switching occurs under the influence of the position code of the switching field control device.

The code summing device generates the necessary "SLK" rings.

The principle of operation of the interface interface with the radio complex.

From the control channel, the information enters the unit in a sequential form and is converted into a parallel code using a shift register. At the same time, information intended for transmission to a computer is received from the devices connected to the BMK via the interface.

The presence of transmission information is identified by a signal on the “request” line, on the leading edge of which the request trigger of the corresponding device is set to “1”. The signals from the request triggers of all devices connected to the BMC are sent to the request highlighting device, the output of which, in accordance with the priority assigned to each device, sets the address code of the corresponding device and the request signal for transmission if there is at least one request from devices connected to BMK. The address part of the information coming from the common channel is analyzed, i.e. it is determined whether it is intended for transmission to a device connected to the BMC, or if the received information block is “empty”. This analysis is done by comparing the address part of the team with the address assigned to this BMK. Information on whether the block is “empty” is determined by 3 bits of identification.

Ship fiber optic communication system operates as follows. After applying the supply voltage, all the units of the system, except the microcomputer 2, go into standby mode, and the microcomputer 2 starts processing the initial installation program, according to which the initial state for operation of all units and nodes of the system is established and interruption of the microcomputer from all interrupt sources is prohibited for this time, except for the communication channel.

After the work of the initial installation program, the microcomputer 2 proceeds to the processing of a cyclic control program, according to which all the nodes and blocks of the system, as well as all means of the radio complex, are sequentially monitored. At this time, all interruptions to the operation of the microcomputer 2 from all other sources are permitted.

If a command arrives at the microcomputer 2 from any console or device, the monitoring program is interrupted and control is transferred to the interrupt processing routine, which, having determined the source of the interrupt, transfers control to that routine that works with this interrupt source (timer, operator panel and etc.). After the completion of this subprogram, control is transferred to the interrupted control program.

If there are several interrupts, the interrupt routine determines the order in which they are processed in accordance with the assigned priority.

To determine the source of interruptions, each means of the radio complex, as well as the control unit of the radio complex, which is controlled by the computer, is assigned an address, and to store information about their status - the corresponding memory area of RAM.

As an example, we consider the operation of the equipment of the radio complex in the formation of the path 2 of the VHF TLF for operator conversation.

When you press the VHF VHF button 2 on the operator’s console, information about the state of the console’s controls is transmitted to the microcomputer 2. The current operation of the microcomputer 2 is interrupted and the interrupt routine determines the source of the interrupt — the operator console. After that, control is transferred to the operation subroutine from the operator panel, which, comparing the new state of the controls with the old one, determines which button is pressed (button 2 of the VHF TLF button is pressed), remembers the new state of the panel in the RAM memory corresponding to the operator panel and, in accordance with with the pressed button, transfers control to the subroutine of forming the path 2 of the VHF TLF.

In accordance with the above algorithms, the 2TLF VHF channel formation subroutine generates a predetermined path, while in the process of work it refers to the subprograms: working with radio stations, selecting a free channel in intergroup communication lines, working with the BMK 4 switch, working with the operator panel display. After the completion of the subroutine for the formation of 2 VHF VHF TLF paths on the display panel, the indicator “Ready 2 VHF VHFs” indicator lights up, and control is transferred to the interrupted program.

Technical and economic efficiency of the invention.

Based on the calculation, the mass-dimensional characteristics of the claimed system are reduced by 1.5 times, and the quality of information transmission channels is improved by ~ 50% while expanding the functionality of the system, since the system allows you to combine all types of ship communication, as well as control the ship’s radio .

Claims (1)

Shipboard fiber-optic communication system, including local switching units, and radio means of subscribers, characterized in that a control microcomputer is additionally introduced, which is used to generate commands for setting and changing operating frequencies of radio means of subscribers, an operator console, a ring synchronization unit and an interface for interfacing with radio means of subscribers, at the same time, the local switch blocks are interconnected in a ring by group fiber-optic communication lines, the ring synchronization block is connected to the opera panel torus and local switching units and the local switching units, in turn are connected to a subscriber optical fiber communication lines with the interface interfacing radio subscribers, the control microcomputer connected group of fiber-optic links with remote operator unit and the ring sync.