RU2267594C1 - Fireproof shielded fire stairs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: civil and industrial building and building structure construction, particularly fire stairs provided with fireproof shields and water supply risers.

SUBSTANCE: stairs comprises load-bearing frame with load-bearing end barrier formed of rectangular girder frame pivotally connected one to another, flight of stairs with semi-panels and with pivotally connected barriers. The barriers are laid in plane defined by flight of stairs. The stairs also has front barriers made of rectangular nets pivotally connected one to another and clamps with end barriers. Front barrier facing the building is formed as shielding sheets of heat-resistant material in which door openings are formed. The doors are also created of the same heat-resistant material and may be opened inward shaft of the stairs. Horizontal U-shaped tube with perforated orifices is connected to load-bearing frame from building side. The perforated orifices are directed to shielding sheets. One tube end is closed from one side of axis of stairs symmetry and vertical water supply riser is connected to the tube from another end thereof. The riser extends along the full building height and is provided with fire hose connection means arranged in lower part thereof. Another water supply riser is arranged from opposite side of stairs symmetry and is formed with branches and taps adapted to attach fire hoses provided with water cannons.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of people life saving and stairs shaft shielding against fire, prevention of stairs heating, possibility to supply water to water curtain forming and fire-extinguishing equipment.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction of industrial and civil buildings and structures, namely fire escape equipped with a fire screen and risers for supplying water to the screen between the building and the stairs, the second riser to extinguish the fire in the initial stage.

Known staircase, adopted as an analogue, as No. 160823.

A staircase for climbing, for example, on scaffolding during the construction of buildings and structures, including flights of stairs, platforms and railings, characterized in that in order to move it from object to object without dismantling to individual elements, as well as mechanizing the assembly process, it is made with a rigid frame located on the upper point of the structure or building, to which staircases and platforms with articulated railings are suspended by strings, stacked during transportation in the plane of marches, and flights of stairs between themselves and the strings, as well as the links of the strings together are pivotally connected.

The disadvantages of the famous stairs are that it does not have frontal and end fences. After installing the stairs, mesh fences are hung from all four sides, which leads to additional labor and material costs.

In addition, the elements of the supporting strings articulated between each other and with the flights of stairs are laid out (in the condition for transportation) when folded into the bag in an undefined position, which contributes to their deformation and premature wear.

Such a staircase, which does not have a fence, cannot be used in fire fighting because people who are nervous-excited by a disaster cannot react normally, and at the same time, losses and serious injuries are possible.

The closest technical solution to the claimed is the invention by as No. 557165 under the name "Yansufina N.R. Staircase", with the formula set forth in the description of the invention.

Staircase Yansufina N.R. by A.S. No. 160823, characterized in that in order to increase spatial rigidity, simplify installation and dismantling, ensure safety conditions, the staircase is made with load-bearing end rails pivotally attached to the ends of the rigid frame from rectangular mesh frames with load-bearing strings, pivotally connected to each other by flight of stairs and front fences made of rectangular nets pivotally connected to each other and clamps with end fences, and some of the rectangular nets are made with openings for installation ovki mesh doors.

The disadvantages of this staircase are that the front fences, especially facing the building’s facade, are not protected in case of fire, as a result of which the staircase can become very hot and inaccessible for evacuating people, as well as in the absence of means of water delivery to different tiers - floors, vehicles stairs along the facade of the building (with the exception of the main buildings of thermal power plants and reactor departments of the former in the USSR MINENERGO, where monorails were provided at the level of the eaves), valleys. Due to the fact that fires with human casualties in public and historically valuable buildings, institutions, buildings along the facade must have light mobile stairs equipped with everything necessary for evacuating people and supplying water to the tiers of the stairs, floors of the building. Each building has its own design features and, therefore, the corresponding technical solutions of the means of transportation.

The objective of the invention is to save the lives of people, shielding the shaft of the stairs from fire and taking measures against heating the stairs, supplying water for the installation of a water curtain and extinguishing a fire.

This is achieved by the fact that the staircase contains a supporting frame with articulated supporting end guards made of rectangular lattice frames pivotally interconnected, staircases with half-floors and articulated railings that are laid during transportation in the plane of marches, frontal guards made of rectangular meshes, hinges between themselves, and clamps with end guards, and the front staircase facing the building is made of shielded sheets and heat-resistant material, on which openings are made for doors made of the same heat-resistant sheet material and opening inside the shaft of the staircase, a horizontal U-shaped pipe with perforated holes directed to the shielding sheets is attached to the supporting frame from the side of the building, with one side on the axis the pipe is plugged to symmetry, and from its other end a vertical water riser is attached to the entire height of the building with a fire hose attachment at the lower end, from the opposite side to and symmetry ladder attached water disposals second vertical riser adapted to taps and valves for fire hoses with water cannons.

Existing fire escape stairs at the end of buildings are often cut off by fire from evacuating people, and a folding folding staircase that is shielded from the fire by a stream of water can save lives. In the present invention, we assume that the staircase moves along the building along the facade.

Figure 1 shows a ladder (suspended folding) from the front side, from the lattice of the frontal fence, with a part of the staircase elements still folded into the package, and with water risers, the mounting points of the taps with sleeves;

figure 2 - end view of the stairs with part of the folded elements of the stairs on the ground;

figure 3 is a facade of a staircase facing the building, which shows a screen of heat-resistant sheet material with doors, from the ends along the axis of symmetry, water risers, a horizontal pipe with perforated holes creating a water curtain are shown.

Fire-shielded staircase with water risers contains a supporting frame 1 and load-bearing end rails 2 of rectangular lattice frames, to which staircases 3 with half-floors and articulated railing, stacked during transportation in the plane of the marches, are pivotally attached to their hinged joints. Front barriers 4 of rectangular nets with clamps with end barriers are attached to the extreme branches-rods of the end fence 2, mounted at the top on the supporting frame 1. The front guard of the staircase from the side of the building consists of articulated sections 5 made of heat-resistant sheet material. On the side of the building, a horizontal perforated pipe 6 is attached to the supporting frame, which is bent at the corners of the frame 1, and a vertical articulated water riser 7 is attached to the axis of symmetry of the frame and the ladder, and a second water riser 8 with bends is attached to the frame 1 from the opposite end of the stairs cranes for fire hoses to extinguish a fire.

Fire ladder works as follows:

- a fire was found in a room in a nearby section of the corridor;

- 01 call the fire brigade;

- in the room, by pressing the button, they call the stairs;

- depending on the permanent location of the stairs, the path is determined, which in the future should be normalized according to GOST and with the approach of the stairs to the window of the room where the call button is pressed, the evacuation of people begins.

In the future, the number of people to be evacuated per staircase must be normalized, depending on the angle of inclination of the staircase marches, because the angle of the marches determines the convenience of people coming down, taking into account the carrying capacity, i.e. number of people.

Technical appraisal and economic benefits are as follows:

1 - the ladder is light in weight;

2 - working drawings provide for a height of 60 meters with a slope of the marches at an angle of 45 and 60 degrees;

3 - margin of safety of load-bearing end fences 18 (for elevators 14);

4 - can move along the perimeter of the building;

5 - equipped with a shielding sheet from the fire;

6 - water is delivered to the entire height of the building;

7 - firefighters are provided with access to extinguishing the fire from the stairs.

Claims (1)

A staircase containing a supporting frame with pivotally attached load-bearing end rails made of rectangular lattice frames pivotally interconnected, staircases with half-floors and articulated railing, stacked during transportation in the plane of marches, front rails made of rectangular nets, articulated and interconnected clamps with end guards, characterized in that the front guard of the stairs facing the building is made of shielded sheets of heat full-time material, on which openings for doors are made, made of the same heat-resistant sheet material and opening inside the shaft of the staircase, a horizontal U-shaped pipe with perforated holes directed to the shielding sheets is attached to the supporting frame from the side of the building, moreover, on one side of the axis the pipe is plugged to symmetry, and from its other end a vertical water riser is attached to the entire height of the building with a fire hose attachment at the lower end, on the opposite side on the axis of the sym tri- and stairs attached water disposals second vertical riser adapted to taps and valves for fire hoses with water cannons.

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