RU2246695C2 - Method for actualization of digital area map and device for realization of said method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: topography.

SUBSTANCE: method includes field area examination, visualization of digital map on screen of video-control device of first computer complex placed under stationary conditions. Second computer complex is deployed under field conditions. Data files with data concerning the area, received under field conditions, are formed. These files are converted to encoded texts, adapted to remote transfer in mode close to real time scale. Information from first and second computer complexes is combined via remote transfer means. Contents of changes and additions files formed during field area examination are outputted to screen of stationary complex. Level of data trustworthiness is determined during editing of digital are map. Files with lists of required corrections are formed and this data is sent to second computer complex, in accordance to which route of field area examination is corrected. Device for realization of above-said method has two computer complexes, one of which is stationary, and another is for field use. Each of these is provided with input block for contents of digital area map, video-control device with screen for visualization of data, means for controlling image on screen and means for forming data files, formed during actualization of digital area map, block for data files conversion, which files were formed during map actualization, into encoded texts, adapted to remote transfer in time scale close to real and backwards, means for remote transfer of these texts in scale close to real time. Complexes are made with possible autonomous operation.

EFFECT: higher effectiveness and trustworthiness.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of topography and can be used to create and update digital (electronic) maps of the area.

There is a method of updating a digital terrain map (CCM) based on materials of aerospace terrain photography, topographic maps and plans.

When implementing this known method, a terrain image and a previously created topographic map are scanned. On the basis of a digital image of a scanned topographic map, MSCs are created. MSC and digital photo images are visualized on a video monitoring device (PC monitor), and then these images are recognized and compared. In case of revealed changes and significant discrepancies in the graphic load of the MSC, relative to the image of the terrain in the photographs, the contents of this map are adjusted using the appropriate PC software and controls [1].

The method is implemented using a device for scanning source maps and photographs of the area and a personal computer [1].

However, even when using large-scale photographs of the area, some of the objects of the area cannot be identified on them. From photographs it is impossible to establish the proper names of the terrain objects and part of the quantitative parameters of these objects. This reduces the quality of the MSC according to the criteria of reliability and completeness of the display of terrain objects and their characteristics.

This drawback is deprived of the known method for updating the MSC using a field survey of the area to update the MSC. This method involves off-site updating of the MSC based on new materials for aerospace imagery of the terrain and the most reliable and accurate cartographic materials, followed by clarification of the results of the MSC updating in the field [2].

A method is implemented using digital photogrammetric devices, scanners and printers [2].

When implementing this known method, a graphical copy of the MSC is additionally made with the application of field survey routes for the area and enlarged copies of photographs to the area where the field work is performed. During the field survey of the area, some additional characteristics of its objects are determined and semantic information is clarified according to the results of population surveys and familiarization with the documentation of district administrations and Institutions.

The results of a field survey of the terrain are recorded in these photographs in red.

Then, in stationary conditions, the graphic images printed on the photographs are transferred to digital form, corrections are made to the content of the MSC and its final editing is performed. When editing a CCM, topological relationships are matched and metric, attribute and semantic information is checked. When performing this type of work, color is filled with terrain objects displayed on the MSC, generalization of images and their summary with images on adjacent map sheets.

A feature of this known method is the need to perform accurate graphic work in the field on plastic or paper. Performing graphic work in the field is not very productive, and conventional signs showing the location and characteristics of terrain objects, applied to plastic or paper, should subsequently be transferred under stationary conditions to the MSC.

But, even with the use of modern technology for converting images from graphic to digital forms, inevitable errors and additional time spent on these conversions.

In aggregate, unproductive time is determined by the need to convert digital images of cards and photographs from digital form to graphic line and grayscale images, and then to digitally convert graphic images applied in the field onto plastic or paper.

To perform these types of work, special means of input / output of information are used - scanners and printers, the maintenance of which requires time and additional plastic, paper and ink cartridges.

The cost of these supplies is comparable to the cost of modern color printers. These factors adversely affect the cost of updating the MSC, the performance of these works and the degree of coordination with the existing load of the MSC, of new attributive, metric and semantic information received in the field.

The task that the proposed technical solutions should solve is to eliminate the listed disadvantages of the known method of updating the MSC, including the processes of updating them in the field and equipment that is used to implement this process.

The essence of the proposed method lies in the fact that in the method of updating a digital map of the area, including the placement in stationary conditions of the first electronic computer complex, equipped with an input unit for the content of the digital map of the area, a video monitoring device, with a screen for visualizing digital information, image management tools on on this screen and the means of generating data files created in the process of updating the digital map of the area, visualization on the screen of the video control on the device of a digital terrain map, making changes and additions to its contents in stationary conditions on cartographic materials and photographs of the terrain, identifying the contents of a digital terrain map on which reliable information materials are missing, compiling lists of areas and terrain objects subject to field survey, field survey of the area with clarification of the correct display of these terrain objects on a digital map of the area, their characteristics and their proper names, and proofreading and editing in stationary conditions of the content of the digital map of the area in accordance with the results of its field survey, operations of placement in the area of the field survey of the second electronic computer complex, equipped with a block for entering the contents of the digital map of the area into it, have been introduced , a video monitoring device, with a screen for visualizing digital information, image management tools on this screen and file generation tools data created in the process of updating the digital terrain map, visualizing the contents of the digital terrain map not only on the screen of the first electronic computing complex, but also on the screen of the second electronic computing complex, displaying the changes and additions to the digital terrain map obtained during the field survey on the screen of the second electronic computing means, the formation of files of changes and additions to the digital map with the coordinates of objects whose characteristics are specified They are used for field inspection of the terrain, codes of symbols of these objects, and attribute and semantic information, the conversion of these files into coded texts adapted for remote transmission in a mode close to real time, combining through means of remote transmission of these texts in a mode close to real time , the first and second electronic computing complexes, the transmission of encoded texts with information about the area from the second electronic computing complex to the first electronic computing complex, translating these encoded texts into data files of an updated digital terrain map, displaying on the screen of the first electronic computing complex the contents of the files of changes and additions to the digital terrain map generated during field surveys of the terrain, editing in stationary conditions on these digital terrain map files , determination of the degree and completeness of the accuracy of the information contained in these data files when editing a digital map of the area natsii digital map of the terrain, the formation of files with information about terrain features whose characteristics have not yet been clarified, and lists of required refinements, converting these files into coded texts and transferring them via means of remote reception of information from the first electronic computer complex to the second electronic computer complex, adjustments to the route for field survey of the area in accordance with the received operational information, continued updating of the digital map of the area in the mode of operational information exchange between the first and second electronic computer complex.

Implementation of the proposed method eliminates the time-consuming operations of obtaining graphic copies of digital maps to the area where the works on updating the MSC are performed, increases the productivity of the work when displaying and matching the new attributive, metric and semantic information received in the field with the contents of the MSC.

At the same time, the reliability of the information displayed on the MSC increases, which can be quickly monitored in the field.

The essence of the implementation of the device for implementing the method of updating the digital terrain map is that it is a device including an electronic computer complex with an input unit for the contents of a digital terrain map, a video monitoring device, with a screen for visualizing digital information, image management tools on this screen and by means of generating data files created in the process of updating a digital map of the area, it additionally has as part of an electronic computer complex the device’s box is a unit for converting data files generated during updating a digital map of the area into coded texts adapted for remote transmission in a mode close to real time, and a means for remotely transmitting these texts in a mode close to real time, moreover, this tool is made with the possibility of receiving such encoded texts, and the conversion unit is configured to translate such encoded texts into data files of the updated digital map locally ty, and the device itself for implementing the method of updating the digital card consists of two such electronic computing complexes, each of which contains a unit for converting data files into encoded texts and vice versa, and a means for remotely transmitting such texts, these electronic computing complexes, devices to implement the method of updating the digital card made with the possibility of battery life.

The advantage provided by the use of this device in the implementation of the proposed method is that it is not necessary to additionally use color printers to obtain graphic copies of the MSC and scanners for reading graphic information from field materials made on plastic or paper when updating digital maps of the area. Together, the use of the proposed devices saves time for obtaining copies of photographs on plastic or paper and consumables, the cost of which is comparable to the price of the equipment itself.

The drawing shows one of the two electronic computing systems of the device for implementing the method of updating digital terrain maps.

This electronic computer complex is based on a personal electronic computer 1, with a video control device 2 with a screen 3, a keyboard 4, a block 5 (drive) for reading and writing a digital card to its memory, a cursor control device 6, a magnetic pen 7 and a unit 8 for interfacing with a radio station 9 of this device. In the electronic computer complex, it is rational to use the latest generation of personal computers, namely, a tablet computer (tablet computer), in which the screen perceives the touch of a magnetic “pen”.

It is advisable to constructively perform one of the electronic computer systems of the device for updating the MSC, in a stationary correction, and the other in a mobile one (without built-in power sources for the device).

In the practical implementation of the proposed method, the contents of this card are introduced into the memory of the electronic computing means of the device for updating the digital map located in stationary conditions and visualized on screen 3 of the video monitoring device 2.

The graphical representations of the thematic load of the MSC are compared with available information materials - aerospace images, which can be presented either in digital or analog form or with topographic maps and plans.

The comparison results determine the list of objects that are difficult to decrypt and without reliable 'attributive and semantic information. The location of these objects is determined by pictures, maps, plans, or by metric information of the most up-to-date MSC using known methods.

On the basis of a specific location of topographic objects, a route plan for a field survey of the area is developed. This plan, as an additional application to the MSC, can be loaded into the memory of the electronic computing means of the device for updating the digital map in a mobile design.

In addition, a copy of the MSC to be updated is entered into the memory of this device through the information reading and writing unit 5, and from the floppy disks — additional digital cards available.

During a field survey of the terrain directly in the area of work on updating the MSC, on screen 3 of the video monitoring device of electronic computing means made in a mobile version, the thematic load of the MSC and the route of the field survey of the area are displayed.

The contents of the MSC displayed on the screen 3 of the video monitoring device 2 are compared with the terrain, new terrain objects are identified and the correctness of the display of the terrain objects already shown on the MSC, their characteristics and proper names are determined.

This information is obtained by visual inspection of the terrain, the use of small-sized field geodetic devices, obtaining from local residents information about the proper names of the objects and familiarizing themselves with the documentation in local authorities.

In the presence of new or updated information about the terrain object, it is entered into a mobile electronic computing facility. When this process is performed, the cursor on the screen 3 of the video control device 2 is installed in the place of the MSC that corresponds to the place of the object whose characteristics are being specified.

The cursor on the screen 3 of the video monitoring device 2 is moved using the device’s controls to implement the method of updating the digital map, for example: the cursor control buttons 6 embedded in the control panel, keyboard buttons 4, or magnetic pen 7 when it is equipped with a field device version.

After this operation, the presence and correctness of the display of the terrain object with the symbol of the object, the characteristics of which are being specified, is finally checked, and, if necessary, in the memory of the device for updating the MSC, attributive, metric or semantic information about the object that correctly reflects the characteristics of the object.

Images of new terrain objects, and in particular linear ones, can be displayed on the screen using a touch device, such as a magnetic “pen”, which is used to supply tablet computers.

The listed information is combined in a single file, which contains in the general case: message number, code of the MCC list of items, coordinates of the terrain object whose characteristics are being specified, its conditional code and the attribute, metric or semantic information about the object encoded by its codes.

At the operator’s command, the digital information contained in this file is transmitted through the unit 8 for interfacing electronic computing means 1 with a portable radio station 9, which broadcasts this radio message. The radio message is received by the radio station 9 of the device for updating the MSC located in stationary conditions.

It is advisable to connect this device to stationary terrain databases. In this case, all digital information related to the area of work on updating the MSC becomes available.

The CCM nomenclature code transmitted over the communication line allows you to automatically request it from the terrain database and display it on a high resolution screen, and according to the coordinates of the object, also the place of the CCM where the image of himself is located.

On screen 3 of video monitoring device 2, all graphic information on codes of digital images of objects collected in the field can be displayed, which allows the operator who maintains the device for updating the MSC located in stationary conditions to make corrections and additions to the content of the MSC and its final editing. When editing a CCM, in particular, topological relationships are matched, metric, attributive and semantic information is checked and information is generalized. When performing this type of work, the color of the terrain objects displayed on the MSC is filled and the terrain images are summarized with images on adjacent map sheets.

If you have any questions regarding terrain objects, an operator working in stationary conditions, through a device for updating the MSC, establishes a connection with a similar device located in the field, which allows you to quickly receive updated information about the terrain and adjust the route for its inspection.

Using the proposed method for updating a digital map of the area and devices for implementing this method eliminates repeated trips to the field and improves the efficiency of updating the MSC, reduces the use of consumables and the range of technological equipment used.

Sources of information

1. RU, patent No. 2165596, C1 12/14/1999. A way to update digital terrain maps. Authors Borisenko A.N. and etc.

2. Agafonov I.D., Belov V.M. and Buran P.Yu. Updating and preparing for the publication of digital topographic maps of scale 1: 25000 on the DFS. Surveying and cartography. M., No. 5, 2002.

Claims (2)

1. A method of updating a digital terrain map, during the implementation of which the first electronic computing complex is placed under stationary conditions, equipped with a digital terrain map content input unit, a video monitoring device with a screen for visualizing digital information, image management tools on this screen and file generation tools data created in the process of updating the digital map of the area, visualize on the screen of the video monitoring device a digital map of the area, make in stationary conditions, according to cartographic materials and photographs of the area, changes and additions to its contents, objects of the digital map of the area for which there are no reliable information materials are identified, lists of areas and objects of the area to be field survey are determined, a field survey of the area is performed, during which specify the correct display of these terrain objects on a digital map of the terrain, their characteristics and their own names, and produce in stats On conditional conditions, proofreading the contents of a digital terrain map in accordance with the results of a field terrain survey, characterized in that a second electronic-computing complex is placed in the area where the field survey is performed, equipped with a digital terrain map content input unit, a video monitoring device equipped with a screen for visualization of digital information, image management tools on this screen and means of generating data files created in the process updating the digital map of the area, visualize the contents of the digital map of the area not only on the screen of the first electronic computer complex, but also on the screen of the second electronic computer complex, display the detected changes and additions to the digital map of the area obtained during the field survey on the screen of the second electronic computing tools, form the files of changes and additions to the digital map, and the coordinates of objects whose characteristics are specified in the fields are entered into these files m survey of the terrain, codes of symbols of these objects and attributive and semantic information, convert these files into coded texts adapted for remote transmission in a mode close to real time, combine through means of remote transmission of these texts in a mode close to real time, the first and a second electronic computer complex, transmit coded texts with information about the terrain from the second electronic computer complex to the first electronic computer complex, these encoded texts are transferred to the data files of the updated digital terrain map, the contents of the changes and additions files of the digital terrain map generated during the field survey are displayed on the screen of the first electronic computer complex, and in stationary conditions, the digital terrain maps are edited using these files, they are determined when editing a digital map of the area, the degree and completeness of the accuracy of the information contained in these digital map update data files They create files with information about terrain features whose characteristics have not yet been specified, and lists of required refinements, convert these files into coded texts and transmit them via remote transmission reception from the first electronic computer complex to the second electronic computer complex, adjust the route field survey of the area in accordance with the received operational information, continue to update the MSC in the mode of operational exchange of information between the first and second elec Ronno-computing systems. 2. A device for implementing the method of updating a digital terrain map, comprising a stationary electronic computing complex equipped with an input unit for the contents of a digital terrain map, a video monitoring device with a screen for visualizing digital information, image management tools on this screen, and file generation tools data created in the process of updating the digital map of the area, characterized in that it additionally contains field survey work is the second electronic computing complex, each electronic computing complex is capable of autonomous operation and contains a block for converting data files created in the process of updating the digital location map into coded texts adapted for remote transmission in close mode real time, and vice versa, and a means of remotely transmitting these texts, in a mode close to real time.