RU2225318C2 - Device for cleaning air and high-pressure breathing gas mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: diving technology; devices for cleaning air and high-pressure breathing gas mixtures in filling bottles of breathing apparatus and bottles of stationary breathing systems. SUBSTANCE: proposed device includes pipe lines, shut-off fittings and filters charged with sorbents and catalyst in the following sequence: impregnated carbon dioxide absorbent, cupromite, palladium catalyst, impregnated carbon dioxide absorbent. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of cleaning. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to diving equipment, and in particular to devices for cleaning air and high-pressure breathing gas mixtures (DGS), for filling cylinders of self-contained breathing apparatus and cylinders of stationary respiratory systems, and can be used in the Navy and organizations engaged in diving operations.

 A device for cleaning air and high-pressure DGS, consisting of cartridges (filters) equipped with silica gel, hopcalite and a chemical absorber of carbon dioxide [a.s. USSR N 297233 from 09/11/67, IPC A 62 B 23/10]. The cartridges are arranged in the following sequence: silica gel, hopcalite and with a chemical absorber of carbon dioxide. To heat the air, an air heater with a check valve in the pipeline is installed in front of the hopcalite cartridge.

The disadvantage of this device is the low degree of purification from oxide and carbon dioxide, as well as the need to heat the hopcalite for its effective operation to a temperature of 100-150 ^o C, which increases the fire hazard when using oxygen-containing DGS.

 The closest to the proposed device in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is a device for air purification and high-pressure DGS, consisting of pipelines, valves and filters equipped with sorbents and a catalyst in the following sequence: chemical carbon dioxide absorber, cupromite, palladium catalyst.

 The chemical absorber of carbon dioxide in this device uses CP-I, palladium catalyst - AK-62. The palladium catalyst oxidizes carbon monoxide to dioxide. A layer of cupromite cleans the air of hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, ammonia and other harmful impurities and protects the palladium catalyst from poisoning.

 The disadvantage of this device is the insufficient degree of purification of air and DHA from carbon dioxide. The chemical absorber of carbon dioxide KhP-I used in this device is characterized by a low degree of utilization of the stoichiometric capacity of the absorber when cleaning air and high-pressure DGS - less than 60% (stoichiometric capacity of HP-I is 230 l / kg). In addition, carbon dioxide obtained after the oxidation of carbon monoxide on a palladium catalyst is supplied directly to breathing diving apparatus cylinders or stationary respiratory systems, since after the palladium catalyst in this device there is no carbon dioxide absorber. Therefore, this device is not applicable for the purification of high carbon monoxide-rich DHA.

 An object of the invention is to increase the degree of purification of air and high-pressure DHA with the content of carbon monoxide concentrations in them in a wide range.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the device for air purification and high pressure TPA, which contains pipelines, valves and filters equipped with sorbents and a catalyst in the sequence: carbon dioxide absorber, cupromite, palladium catalyst, according to the invention, an additional filter with an impregnated absorber is installed at the device outlet IHP-I carbon dioxide on the bypass pipeline with shutoff valves, and the filter installed at the device inlet is also equipped with an impregnated dioxide absorber a carbon-I characteristic polynomial.

 The technical result that is obtained by the implementation of the invention is to increase the efficiency of air purification and DGS under high pressure.

 The impregnated carbon dioxide absorber IHP-I has a dynamic activity of carbon dioxide under high pressure 1.5-2 times higher than that of the CP-I absorber. In addition, potassium permanganate contained in the IHP-I absorber effectively oxidizes a number of harmful substances in the cleaned air and DHA.

 A device for air purification and high-pressure DHS is shown schematically in the drawing.

 A device for purifying air and high-pressure DGS consists of a filter 1, equipped with an impregnated carbon dioxide absorber ИХП-И 2, a filter 3, equipped with a low-temperature palladium catalyst 4 with a protective layer of cupromite 5, a filter 6, equipped with an impregnated carbon dioxide absorber ИХП-И 7, as well as bypass pipelines 8, 9, 10 and shutoff valves 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, input 17 and output 18 pipelines.

 Before starting work, the shutoff valves 12, 14 are closed. High-pressure air (DGS) through the pipe 17 through the stop valves 11 enters sequentially into the filter 1, where it is cleaned of carbon dioxide and some other harmful impurities on the absorber IHP-I 2. Then the air (DGS) through the pipe 8 and the stop valves 13 enters filter 3, where it is cleaned of harmful substances (nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, ammonia, etc.) in the cupromite layer 5, and the palladium catalyst 4 oxidizes carbon monoxide to dioxide. After that, air (DHA) through the pipeline 9 and shutoff valves 15 enters the filter 6, where it is cleaned of carbon dioxide formed on the palladium catalyst 4 and other harmful impurities that are absorbed by the absorber ИХП-И 7. And through the pipeline 10 and through the outlet pipe 18 goes to the consumer.

 If necessary, each of the filters can be turned off by closing the shut-off valves 11, 13 or 15 and, accordingly, opening the shut-off valves 12, 14 or 16.

 Thus, the proposed device allows to achieve a significant degree of purification of air and high-pressure DHA with a high concentration of carbon monoxide and other harmful impurities.

 For the base object, we take a device for air purification and high-pressure DHS (prototype). Compared with the base, the proposed device allows to increase the degree of purification of air and high-pressure DGS.

 The device for air purification and high-pressure DGS as of 1999 is at the stage of laboratory tests.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning air and high-pressure breathing gas mixtures, containing pipelines, shutoff valves and filters equipped with sorbents and a catalyst in the sequence: carbon dioxide absorber, cupromite, palladium catalyst, characterized in that an additional filter with an impregnated carbon dioxide absorber is additionally installed at the device outlet IHP-I on the bypass pipeline with shutoff valves, and the filter installed at the inlet of the device is also equipped with impregnated dioxide absorber And the characteristic polynomial-carbon.