RU2216462C2 - Loader - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to load-handling equipment of vehicles. Proposed drop-side truck loader with hydraulic drive contains side posts with cross beams 3, 4 connected to upper ends of posts, movable load boom 8 with trolley 10 carrying load-gripping member 11, and double-and-sheave system. Sectional cross beams are hinge-mounted on corresponding side posts for turning in vertical plane by hydraulic cylinders. Longitudinal horizontal guide is secured on free ends of extensible links of cross beams 3, 4. Load boom with load trolley extended by cable-and-sheave system is installed on horizontal guide. Device is furnished with hydraulic outriggers. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 4 dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to loading and unloading devices installed on vehicles.

 Known loading devices or side loaders, consisting of a frame with a column and articulated boom, outriggers, hydraulic drive and removable lifting devices (see Grif MI, etc. Motor vehicles with hoisting devices. M .: Transport, 1989) .

 The disadvantage of such devices is the incomplete use of body area for cargo, since the device itself occupies a significant place on the car frame and in the body.

 To eliminate this drawback, for example, a gantry truck crane according to US Pat. No. 2,778,512 A, B 60 P 1/54 of January 22, 577 is known. This device includes side racks of the body, the upper ends of which are connected motionlessly by two transverse beams made in the form of guides. Trolleys are suspended from these guides, to which a longitudinal cargo boom-guide is fixed with the possibility of transverse plane-parallel movement, the protruding rear end of which is pivotally connected with the possibility of turning up and down. An electric drive trolley is suspended from a longitudinal load-bearing boom-guide.

 The disadvantage of this device is the reduction in the use of the body volume for cargo in height by the height of the removable load-gripping device, as well as the inability to perform loading and unloading of cargo on the side of the truck.

 These shortcomings reduce the technological capabilities of onboard loaders.

 The essence of the invention: a loader of an onboard vehicle with a hydraulic actuator, comprising side racks, to the upper ends of which transverse beams are fixed, a movable cargo boom including a trolley with a load gripping body, and a cable block system, characterized in that it is pivotally mounted to the corresponding side racks with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane of the hydraulic cylinders, the transverse beams are made integral, to the free ends of the retractable hydraulic cylinders of the links of which the longitudinal articulated guide beam, on which a load boom with a load trolley is mounted, which are put forward by a cable-block system using a hydraulic motor.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device for an onboard loader mounted on a truck frame; figure 2 is a section aa; figure 3 shows a cable block drive extension of the cargo boom and truck; figure 4 is an image of a cable block drive lifting loads.

 The device comprises a hydraulic actuator, body sides with front 1 and rear 2 uprights, to the upper ends of which transverse composite beams 3, 4 are fixed, for example, telescopic, with retractable links 5. To the free ends of the latter, the guide rail 6. is pivotally fixed to this guide rollers 7, a load boom 8 is movably mounted, to which, using rollers 9, a load trolley 10 is mounted with a load gripping body (hook) 11. Racks 1, 2 and beams 3, 4 are respectively interconnected by hydraulic cylinders 12. The device is equipped with hydraulic bearings 13. Inside the box-shaped beams 3, 4, hydraulic cylinders are mounted, the ends of which are connected to the retractable links 5. The cable-block drive for the extension of the load boom and the load carriage includes a hydraulic motor 14 with a drum 15, a cable 16, blocks 17, 18, 19, 20. The ends of the cable 16 are fixed to the cargo truck 10. The cable-block drive for lifting loads contains a hydraulic motor 21 with a drum 22, a cable 23, blocks 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. The free end of the rope 23 is fixed at point 31 of the beam guide 6.

 The device operates as follows.

 In the transport position, the retractable links 5 are pulled into the beams 3, 4. The load boom 8 and the load trolley 10 are in the extreme forward position. Cross beams 3, 4 occupy the lowest position. The cargo hook 11 is pulled up to the cargo trolley, and the hydraulic supports 13 are raised.

 To bring the device into working position, the hydraulic actuator is turned on when the car engine is running, the hydraulic supports are lowered down to touch the ground, the transverse composite beams 3, 4 are simultaneously rotated upwards by the hydraulic cylinders 12 up to the required angle, links 5 are also synchronously extended to the required length. (The synchronous operation of parallel hydraulic cylinders is achieved by using the well-known so-called hydraulic fluid flow dividers in the hydraulic circuit. Their use is described, for example, in the work: Skrytsky V.Ya. et al. Synchronization of executive bodies of hydroficated machines and mechanisms. M., 1973, 140 pp.).

 If the load is located behind the car (Fig. 1), turn on the hydraulic motor 14 (Fig. 3) by rotating the drum 15 counterclockwise. In this case, the cable 16, enveloping the blocks 17, 18, 19, moves the trolley 10 towards the end of the load boom 8 to block 19. Having reached the end of the boom 8, the car 10 stops and continues to move along with the load boom 8, which rolls on rollers 7 to contact with the block 17. This achieves the maximum reach of the boom. After turning off the hydraulic motor 14, turn on the hydraulic motor 21 (Fig. 4) to unwind the cable 23 from the drum 22, while the block 2 with the hook 11 lowers to the required height. With the help of a removable load-gripping body (slings), the load is hooked. Turn on the hydraulic motor 21 in the opposite direction - by winding the cable 23 onto the drum 22 and raise the load to a sufficient height. Then turn on the hydraulic motor 14 to rotate the drum 15 clockwise. In this case, the cable 16 will pull the cart 10 forward to the cab. When the trolley 10 rests against the block 20, the load boom 8 will also move in the same direction. When the load reaches the desired position above the body, turn off the hydraulic motor 14, turn on the hydraulic motor 21 again to unwind the cable 23 from the drum 22 and lower the load. Blocks 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 are located in such a way that horizontal movement of the load is ensured (Fig. 4).

 If the load is on the right side of the car (figure 2), then the links 5 using hydraulic cylinders mounted in the beams 3, put forward synchronously to the required length. Using hydraulic cylinders 12 synchronously turn the beams 3, 4 down. Using a hydraulic motor 14, the trolley 10 is moved along the load boom 8 to the position where the hook 11 is above the load. With the help of a hydraulic motor 21, hook 11 is lowered and then the previously engaged load is lifted. Beams 3, 4 are turned upwards so that the load is above the desired place in the body. Dip it and unhook it.

 Unloading is performed in reverse order.

 The fastening of the ends of the corresponding transverse composite beams to the upper ends of the body racks with the possibility of rotation of the latter in a vertical plane, suspension of a longitudinal guide beam with a movable cargo boom equipped with a cargo trolley, allows you to increase the hook reach back and to the right of the body, increase the height of the load hook , make fuller use of the body volume for cargo, loading them both from the rear and the side of the truck, and thereby increase the technological capabilities of loading onboard.

 It should be noted that a chain drive can be used instead of a cable block transmission. Suspended hoist can be used to lift the load.

Claims (1)

 A hydraulic motor vehicle loader comprising side racks, to the upper ends of which transverse beams are fixed, a movable cargo boom including a trolley with a load gripping body, and a cable block system, characterized in that they are hinged to the corresponding side racks with the possibility of turning transverse cylinders in a vertical plane by transverse cylinders the beams are made integral, to the free ends of the retractable links of which a longitudinal horizontal rail is fixed, on which the cargo trill extendable trosoblochnoy system.

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