RU2196200C1 - Checking and measuring device for revealing condition of rail tracks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; operation, repair and maintenance of tracks. SUBSTANCE: proposed device, comprising four functional elements, is made in form of plate formed by first element 1 and second element 2. Said plate has main and auxiliary planes in form of trapezium. Center-zero scale 18 square to bisector of acute angle formed on main plane on larger parallel and larger side parts of first element is applied to main plane. Smaller side part of second element is beveled. Third element 3 including strip with measuring pointed and reference line is hinge mounted on plane. Angle scale 20 is made on main plane for interaction with limiting mark. Linear scale is applied to larger parallel side of auxiliary plane. Linear scale has marks of fourth element in additional. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for measuring deviations of the geometric parameters of rail wear during operation, repair and construction of railway tracks, namely for monitoring and measuring the size of butt rail gaps, the relative position of the wit and frame rail, the depth and extent of surface defects, as well as for marking and control the relative position of the wit and frame rail.

 A device is known for controlling the clearance at the joints of railway rails, see US Pat. 73-146, publ. 1977

 This device is difficult to operate.

 A known gauge of clearances of rail joints containing a device for registering joints with traction, at the end of which there is a writing head, see USSR copyright certificate 1650842 according to class. E 01 B 35/00, publ. 1991 year

 This meter is based on a measuring wheel and its recording apparatus is not reliable in operation.

 A device is known for measuring irregularities of a railway track, see USSR author's certificate 1684394 according to class. E 01 B 35/06, publ. 1991 year

 This device is placed on a measuring trolley, it contains racks, a cable and other elements that complicate the measurement process.

 A device for measuring the rail head is known, see patent of the Russian Federation 2151836, class. E 01 B 35/00, publ. 2000 year

 This device has a narrow functional focus.

 A control and measuring device for checking the condition of rail tracks is known, including functional elements containing planes on the surface of which measuring scales are applied, see USSR author's certificate 1518420 according to cl. E 01 B 35/00, publ. 1989 year

 This technical solution is taken as a prototype of the present invention, however, it has several disadvantages.

 The prototype device has limited functionality, the expressness of basic measurements is absent due to the design features and orientation of the device, it is not convenient and not reliable during operation.

 The present invention is based on the solution of the problem of expanding functionality with high expressivity of basic measurements and improving operating conditions.

 According to the invention, this problem is solved due to the fact that the control and measuring device, comprising functional elements containing planes, on the surface of which measuring scales are applied, it consists of four functional elements and is made in the form of a plate, which is formed by the first and second elements containing the main and the auxiliary plane, having the shape of a trapezoid, the parallel sides of which are common to the first and second elements, and the sides form a larger and smaller parallel sharp and obtuse angles, respectively, while on the main plane, on the sides of the greater parallel and greater lateral, first element, forming an acute angle, a bilateral scale of the first element is applied, perpendicular to the bisector of this angle, and the smaller side of the second element has a bevel; in addition, the third element is pivotally mounted on the plate, including a bar, an angular and linear scales, the bar is made with a measuring rod and a reference mark, the angular scale is plotted on the main plane with the possibility of interaction with the restrictive notch, and the linear scale is plotted on the auxiliary plane, on a larger parallel side; in addition, the linear scale additionally contains the strokes of the fourth element.

 The applicant has not identified sources containing information about technical solutions identical to the present invention, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty."

 Due to the implementation of the distinguishing features of the invention (in conjunction with the features indicated in the restrictive part of the formula), important new properties of the object are achieved.

In the proposed technical solution is achieved:
- expansion of functionality due to the fact that the device contains four functional elements - this allows you to control the size of the butt rail gaps (the first element); measure the extent of the surface of rail damage and control the depth of the defect (third element); to control the relative position of the wit and frame rail (second element); mark the holes of the butt joint of the rails and control their center-to-center distances (fourth element);
- conducting basic measurements at high expressivity due to the implementation of the device in a single plate, on the planes of which are placed measuring scales for each element, and the geometric shape of the plate determines the exact orientation of its structural elements when used;
- improving operating conditions due to the compact design of the plate, the convenience of its transportation, the possibility of taking measurements of one of the functions or, in series, for several.

 The applicant is not aware of any publications that would contain information on the influence of the distinguishing features of the invention on the achieved technical result. In this regard, we can conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:
figure 1 - the main plane of the plate device;
figure 2 - auxiliary plane of the plate device;
figure 3 - measurement of butt rail gaps (function of the first element);
in FIG. 4 - measurement of the relative position of the wit and frame rail (function of the second element);
in FIG. 5 - node A in figure 1 - measuring the depth of a surface defect (function of the third element);
in FIG. 6 - marking of the butt joint of the rails (functions of the fourth element).

The control and measuring device contains:
the first functional element (wedge to control the magnitude and butt rail gaps) 1;
the second functional element (a template for monitoring the relative position of the wit and frame rail) 2;
the third functional element (a device for controlling the depth and extent of the surface of defects) 3;
the fourth functional element (a device for marking and controlling holes for the butt joints of rails) 4.

 The first and second elements 1, 2 form a plate 5, which has a main 6 and an auxiliary 7 plane. The planes 6 and 7 are made in the form of a trapezoid 8 with more than 9 and less than 10 parallel sides (common to the first and second elements 1, 2) and with more than 11 (first element 1) and less than 12 (second element 2) sides.

 The third element 3 is built into the plate 5 and includes a bar 13, pivotally mounted on the axis 14, with a measuring rod 15 and a reference mark 16.

 The fourth element 4 contains the strokes 17.

The first, third and fourth elements 1, 3 and 4 have:
- two-sided scale 18 (first element 1) on the main plane 6, applied perpendicular to the bisector 19, the angle formed by 9 and 11 sides;
- angular scale 20 (third element 3) on the main plane 6;
- linear scale 21 (third element 3) on the auxiliary plane 7;
- a scale 22 (fourth element 4), plotted on a linear scale 21 and containing strokes 17.

 The device performs the measurements as follows.

 To determine the size of the butt rail gaps, a wedge (sides 9 and 11) of the first element 1 is introduced into the control gap so that the scales 18 on the main plane 6 coincide when touching the rail on each side 9 and 11 and the gap value is determined on the scale 18 (see Fig. 3).

 To control the relative position of the wit and the frame rail (using the second functional element 2), the plate 5 is mounted with the smaller parallel side 10 on the wit and checked at two control points: at the point of the wit and at a distance of 200 mm from the point. If there is a gap between the smaller side 12 and the head of the frame rail, immediate measures are taken to eliminate it (see figure 4).

 To measure the extent of the defect (using the third functional element 3), the plate 5 with the larger parallel side 9 is installed on the test area and on a linear scale 21 on the auxiliary plane 7 take readings.

 To control the depth of the defect (using the third functional element 3), the plate 5 with the larger parallel side 9 is installed on the controlled area. The bar 13, mounted on the axis 14, when the rod 15 is in contact with the measuring surface, rotates, and the reference risk 16 on the angle scale 20 determines the depth of the defect (see Fig. 5).

To mark the holes of the rail butt joint (using the functional element 4), the plate 5 is mounted on the rail to be marked with side 9 and along the lines 17 (depending on the type of rail, for example, P-50 or P-65), the distance of the corresponding coordinates of the holes is postponed:
- "96", "220", "130" (the distance from the end of the rail to the I bolt hole, from the I bolt hole to the II bolt hole, from the II bolt hole to the III bolt hole, respectively for R-65 rails);
- "66", "150", "140" (the distance from the end of the rail to the I bolt hole, from the I bolt hole to the II bolt hole, from the II bolt hole to the III bolt hole, respectively for R-50 rails).

 The strokes 17 of the scale 22 of the fourth element 4 are basic and coincide with the corresponding values on the linear scale 21 of the third element 3 (see Fig.6).

 The proposed device can be manufactured industrially, which is confirmed by the tests of the experimental batch, and this determines its compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Using the claimed control and measuring device allows you to:
- expand the functionality of the device, since it contains four functional elements in one compact plate, and the geometric shape of the plate determines the exact direction of its structural elements;
- conduct basic measurements with high expressivity of changing one measurement to another;
- improve operating conditions, since the plate is convenient for transportation, simple in design and can be used to measure one of the functions or several in series.

Claims (1)

 A control and measuring device for checking the condition of rail tracks, including functional elements containing planes, on the surface of which measuring scales are applied, characterized in that the device consists of four functional elements and is made in the form of a plate, which is formed by the first and second elements containing the main and auxiliary trapezoidal planes, the parallel sides of which are common to the first and second elements, and the sides form larger and smaller the sides are sharp and obtuse corners, respectively, while on the main plane, on the sides of the greater parallel and the greater lateral, of the first element forming an acute angle, a two-sided scale of the first element is applied, perpendicular to the bisector of this angle, and the smaller side of the second element has a bevel, a third element is pivotally mounted to the plate, including a bar, an angular and linear scale, while the bar is made with a measuring rod and a reference mark, the angular scale is plotted on the main plane with zmozhnostyu interaction with bounding the notch, and linear scale applied to the reference plane parallel to the greater side linear scale strokes further comprises a fourth element.

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