RU2119459C1 - Liquid magnetization device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: magnetic treatment of water and water supply systems, prevention of deposition of hard salts on heat exchange surfaces in heat power industry, chemical, petrochemical industries, oil excavation and agriculture. SUBSTANCE: liquid magnetization device incorporates magnetic unit and body with shaft of magnetic material. Novelty of device lies in installation of magnetic unit inside body and in its manufacture in the form of cylinder that includes magnetic circuit that carries radially magnetized permanent magnets put with alternation of polarity which pole pieces form working clearance together with body and nonmagnetic material distance pieces located between them. Shaft is passed through hole made in magnetic circuit. Cross-section of magnetic circuit in sections between adjacent magnets has predominantly section smaller than that found from relation S=Φ_mf/B_sat, where Φ_mf is magnetic flux between adjacent magnets; B_sat is saturation inductance of material of magnetic circuit. EFFECT: expanded application field, increased functional efficiency. 1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to apparatus for magnetic treatment of water and water systems and can be used in the power industry to prevent the deposition of hardness salts on the surfaces of heat transfer, chemical, petrochemical industry, oil production, agriculture and other sectors of the economy.

 A known magnetic device that prevents salt release according to ed. St. N 1468868, comprising a housing — a magnetic core in which ring permanent magnets with radial magnetization are installed, a central core in the form of a longitudinal magnetized rod permanent magnet, the poles of which are located inside opposite poles of the ring magnets, and pole tips connecting the case to the central core.

 Holes are made in the pole pieces, through one of which the liquid enters the magnetic device, and through the other exits from it.

 A device for magnetic water treatment according to ed. St. N 1813730. It contains a cylindrical housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, a central shaft, ring magnets and non-magnetic spacers installed in the housing. In order to increase the efficiency of the water treatment and purification process in it, part of the ring magnets is rigidly mounted on the shaft at equal axial distances from the spacers, oriented to the same poles and provided with spiral blades mounted on both sides of the magnets, and the other part of the ring magnets mounted on non-magnetic spacers on both sides and oriented by the same poles to adjacent ring magnets mounted on the shaft, while the device is equipped with additional ring magnets, set mounted on the inner wall of the housing at the level of ring magnets mounted on the shaft.

The disadvantages of this device are:
1. Ineffective operation of the device or its complete inoperability when performing a shaft of magnetic materials.

 2. Lack of reliability, especially at high shaft speeds.

 The first drawback is caused by the fact that the shaft of magnetic materials shunts the flows developed by those magnets that are mounted on it.

 The second drawback is due to the low strength of the material of permanent magnets, which can be destroyed - torn by the centrifugal force that occurs when the shaft rotates.

 The aim of the invention is to ensure the functioning of the device when making a shaft of magnetic material, as well as increasing its reliability at a high speed shaft.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the magnetic assembly is installed in the housing and is made in the form of a cylinder, including a magnetic circuit, on which radially magnetized permanent magnets are installed with alternating polarity with pole tips forming working gaps with the housing, and spacers between them of non-magnetic material, moreover, through a hole that is made in the magnetic circuit, a shaft made of magnetic material is passed, and the cross section of the magnetic circuit in the areas between adjacent magnets is made but predominantly smaller than the cross section determined from the relation
S = φ _pm / B _us ,
Where
φ _pm - magnetic flux between two adjacent magnets;
In _us - the saturation induction of the material of the magnetic circuit,
in addition, each permanent magnet is made predominantly composite of several plate magnets mounted on the magnetic core with the same poles.

 An analysis of the known technical solutions (analogues) among devices for treating water and liquids with a magnetic and electromagnetic field allows us to conclude that there are no signs in them that are similar to the distinctive signs in the claimed device, and to recognize the claimed solution as meeting the criterion of "significant differences".

 The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device; in FIG. 2 shows a section along AA in FIG. one.

 A device for magnetizing fluid is installed, for example, in a centrifugal pump in front of its impeller. It contains a cylindrical body 1 of magnetic material, a magnetic assembly in the form of a cylinder, and a shaft 2 of magnetic material. The magnetic assembly is installed in the housing 1 and includes a magnetic circuit 3 on which radially magnetized permanent magnets 4–7 (conditionally not shaded) are installed with alternating polarity with pole tips 8–11 forming working gaps δ with the housing 1 and spacers 12 between them from non-magnetic material. At the ends of the magnetic assembly, star-shaped covers 13 and 14 are made of non-magnetic material, centering the magnetic assembly in the housing 1. However, they do not overlap the passage section of the gap between the housing and the magnetic assembly. The fixing of the magnetic assembly in the axial direction is carried out by the locking rings 15 and 16. Through the hole, which is made in the magnetic circuit 3, the shaft 2 is passed.

To magnetize the fluid passing through the radial gap between the magnetic assembly and the shaft 2, the cross section of the magnetic circuit 3 in the areas between adjacent magnets is smaller than the cross section determined from the relation
S = φ _pm / B _us , (1)
Where
φ _pm - magnetic flux between two adjacent magnets;
In _us - the induction of saturation of the material of the magnetic circuit.

It is possible to perform a cross section of the magnetic circuit between adjacent magnets equal to or greater than the cross section determined from expression (1). In this case, the entire flux Ф _pm will pass through the portion of the magnetic circuit 3 between adjacent magnets without falling onto the shaft 2. That is, the fluid passing through the radial clearance between the magnetic assembly and the shaft will not be magnetized in this case.

 To increase magnetic fluxes between adjacent magnets and magnetic field strength (induction) in the working gaps δ between the pole pieces 8 - 11 and the housing 1 and the magnetic assembly and shaft 2, each permanent magnet 4 - 7 is made of several plate magnets (a - d) installed on the magnetic circuit 3 with the same poles (Fig. 2). This embodiment of the magnets allows the use of anisotropic magnetically hard materials with high specific magnetic energy for their manufacture.

 Magnets can also be made in the form of solid rings magnetized in the radial direction, but in this case they must be made of isotropic magnetically hard materials that are significantly inferior in specific magnetic energy to anisotropic magnetically hard materials.

Two adjacent magnets, for example, magnets 4 and 5 with pole pieces 8 and 9, a housing 1, a magnetic circuit 3 and a shaft 2 form a closed magnetic circuit corresponding to the flux φ _pm1 in the drawing. From the shaft 2 side, the magnetic flux φ _pm1 branches out into two components: one part of φ ₁ closes through the magnetic circuit 3, and the other φ ₂ through the shaft 2, passing through the gap between the shaft and the magnetic circuit. The ratio between the fluxes φ ₁ and φ ₂ is determined by the value of φ _pm1 , the cross section of the magnetic circuit 3 in the area between the magnets 4 and 5, the saturation induction of the material of the magnetic circuit and the magnetic conductivity of the gap between the magnetic circuit 3 and shaft 2. On the side of the pole pieces 8 and 9, the magnetic flux φ _pm1 completely passes through the gaps δ and case 1.

The flows φ _pm2 and φ _{pm3 pass} between other adjacent magnets in a _{similar manner} .

 The whole series of magnets 4 - 7 creates in the working gaps δ and in the gap between the magnetic circuit 3 and the shaft 2 magnetic fields of alternating opposite directions, as a result of which the liquid entering the input of the device is exposed to the indicated magnetic field and acquires new physical properties.

 When the liquid exits the device, it is used for its intended purpose.

 The technical and economic effect of the proposed technical solution in comparison with the prototype is as follows.

 1. Ensured operability of the device when performing a shaft of magnetic material.

 The prototype when the shaft is made of magnetic material is not fully functional or works inefficiently.

 2. Improved device reliability.

 In the proposed technical solution, the magnetic assembly is installed in the housing. Therefore, it is not affected by centrifugal forces arising from the rotation of the shaft.

 In the prototype, part of the magnets is rigidly mounted on the shaft. Due to the low strength of the material of the magnets, they can be destroyed - torn by the centrifugal force that occurs when the shaft rotates.

Claims (2)

1. A device for magnetizing fluid containing a magnetic assembly, a housing of magnetic material and a shaft, characterized in that the magnetic assembly is installed in the housing and is made in the form of a cylinder including a magnetic circuit on which radially magnetized permanent magnets with pole alternating magnets are mounted alternating in polarity lugs forming working gaps with the housing and spacers between them of non-magnetic material, and a shaft made of magnetic material is passed through an opening that is made in the magnetic circuit rial, and the cross section of the magnetic circuit in the areas between adjacent magnets is made predominantly smaller than the cross section determined from the ratio
S = Φ _pm / B _us ,
where Φ _pm is the magnetic flux between two adjacent magnets;
In _us - the induction of saturation of the material of the magnetic circuit.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each permanent magnet is made predominantly composite of several plate magnets mounted on the magnetic core with the same poles.

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